CN102132879A - Process for freezing and drying medlar powder in vacuum - Google Patents
Process for freezing and drying medlar powder in vacuum Download PDFInfo
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- CN102132879A CN102132879A CN2011100752739A CN201110075273A CN102132879A CN 102132879 A CN102132879 A CN 102132879A CN 2011100752739 A CN2011100752739 A CN 2011100752739A CN 201110075273 A CN201110075273 A CN 201110075273A CN 102132879 A CN102132879 A CN 102132879A
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- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
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Landscapes
- Storage Of Fruits Or Vegetables (AREA)
- Non-Alcoholic Beverages (AREA)
- Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a process for dying medlar powder, in particular to a process for freezing and drying medlar powder in vacuum. The process comprises the steps of soaking, leaching water after washing with clear water, prefreezing, freezing, vacuumizing for drying, pulverizing, and the like. The invention has the characteristics that a medlar fresh fruit is frozen and dried by adopting a vacuum freezing and drying technology disclosed by the invention, nutrient components in the medlar fresh fruit, appearance shape and color are retained to the greatest extent, and the problems that the nutrient components, appearance shape and color of the medlar fruit can not be ensured in the traditional vacuum freezing and drying process, and the like are solved; the pulverizing process adopts a low-humidity, low-rotating speed and screening process and overcomes the process defects of loss, machine bonding, saccharification, and the like of effective components in medlar, caused by overhigh rotating speed of a pulverizer; and because the pulverizing process is divided into a rough pulverizing process step and a supermicropulverizing process step, the invention has considerable comprehensive economic benefits, improves the pulverizing efficiency and ensures the effective components and color in medlar powder as much as possible.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The present invention relates to the processing technology of a kind of processing technology of wolfberry fruit powder, particularly vacuum freezing-dried wolfberry fruit powder.
Background technology
Matrimony vine is the medicinal material and the invigorant of famous and precious integration of drinking and medicinal herbs, and particularly the matrimony vine of peaceful Xia Zhongning is just on the books in the famous traditional Chinese medical science Compendium of Material Medica of China: " matrimony vine, kidney-tonifying sperm-generating, nourishing the liver ... make eye bright and calm the nerves make us long-lived." Vit C contents in the matrimony vine is than orange height, content beta-carotene is than carrot height, and iron content is also higher than beefsteak.Modern medicine study shows, it contains carrotene, betaine, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C and calcium, phosphorus, iron etc., have the pharmacological action that increases the leucocyte activity, promotes liver cell new life, also can hypotensive, hypoglycemic, blood fat.
For matrimony vine is applied to food, medical treatment, fields such as cosmetics, matrimony vine need be processed into powder, present existing wolfberry fruit powder processing roughly is divided three classes: one, the production technology of spray-drying wolfberry fruit powder: adopt with the directly making beating of fresh fructus lycii fruit, or dry fruit is cleaned the back mix the back making beating with certain proportion water, grind with colloid mill, by spray drying process the moisture in the matrimony vine slurries is sloughed, make wolfberry fruit powder, this technology dry run is under the high temperature carries out, some heat-sensitive materials oxidation that easily is decomposed in the matrimony vine to the human body beneficial, and during the high product of this class sugar content of spray-drying wolfberry fruit powder, need add dextrin starch based carrier, reduce the active constituent content in the FRUCTUS LYCII powder.Two, vacuum cool-drying wolfberry fruit powder production technology, be after fresh fructus lycii is really cleaned, drain residual moisture, the seed of removing medlar fresh fruit by slurry slag separator becomes slurries with leather, grinds by colloid mill, with forming uniform and stable slurries behind the homogenizer homogeneous, pass through pasteurization, be cooled to the normal temperature sabot, carry out drying by certain process curve with vacuum freeze, dried muffin with high speed disintegrator pulverize the freeze-drying wolfberry fruit powder.
More than two kinds of technologies pulping process is all arranged, because goods water content height, the easy oxidized composition of in the pulp some is oxidized fast in pulping process, and adopt in the vacuum cool-drying technology, owing to adopt the homogenizer homogeneous, homogenizing temperature is substantially more than 40 ℃, again by 65 ℃ of left and right sides pasteurizations, quickened goods brown stain speed, quality, sense organ and the local flavor of wolfberry fruit powder had very big influence.
The 3rd adopts the vacuum refrigeration dried fruit of lycium barbarum to produce wolfberry fruit powder technology.After this process using dry wolfberry really cleans, utilize Vacuum Freezing ﹠ Drying Technology with the FRUCTUS LYCII freeze-drying.Be ground into wolfberry fruit powder with pulverizer after delivering from godown.Owing to contain the matrimony vine seed about 30% in the FRUCTUS LYCII, wood fibre in the matrimony vine seed shell, when pulverizing, be difficult for being pulverized, cause FRUCTUS LYCII powder time of staying in pulverizer oversize, on the one hand the nutrition of matrimony vine is lost in a large number, unit is blocked in the easy saccharification of FRUCTUS LYCII powder on the other hand, and the 3rd owing to contain seed and the skin of 30-40% in the finished product, behind poor, the molten water of sense organ precipitation is arranged, had a strong impact on the sale and the price of final products.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention the present invention is directed to the existing in prior technology defective, provide the loss of a kind of nutrition less, can keep that the wolfberry fruit powder color and luster is lucid and lively, the vacuum freezing-dried wolfberry fruit powder processing technology of characteristics such as presentation quality and mouthfeel are good.
As follows for realizing the goal of the invention technical scheme: a kind of processing technology of vacuum freezing-dried wolfberry fruit powder, its processing step is:
1) coarse crushing: the FRUCTUS LYCII of vacuum freeze-drying is put into pulverizer carry out twice or twice above pulverizing, all carry out sub-sieve after each the pulverizing, to contain the part of matrimony vine pericarp, matrimony vine seed, pulverize once more, the wolfberry fruit powder that only contains the matrimony vine pulp fraction is standby;
2) ultramicro grinding: divide the wolfberry fruit powder that only contains the matrimony vine pulp fraction of sifting out to carry out at low temperatures both having can be used as final products after the packing more than ultramicro grinding to 200 order above-mentioned back of pulverizing more than twice or twice.
The freeze-dry process of above-mentioned vacuum freeze-drying FRUCTUS LYCII is:
1) soak: with the medlar fresh fruit of plucking, adopting percent concentration is that 5% sodium chloride solution cleans, soaked 5-15 minutes, and purpose is to wash agricultural chemicals and the impurity that remains in the matrimony vine surface, and plays and protect look and make the well-off more full effect of fresh fruit;
2) drain away the water after the clear water flushing: the matrimony vine after will soaking clearly with circulating water is put into freezer and drains away the water after cleaning; Its objective is that the quick drop of the moisture that makes the matrimony vine surface is clean, also slowed down the oxidation rate of matrimony vine in normal temperature draining process simultaneously;
3) pre-freeze: with the medlar fresh fruit that drains away the water in air-cooled freezer after the sabot, pre-freeze to the freezer equality of temperature; The purpose of sabot is to have slowed down the oxidation rate of matrimony vine in normal temperature draining process on the one hand in freezer, can reduce the cost that freezes early stage on the other hand, can be connected with next procedure again;
4) freezing: as the dryness storehouse of packing into of the matrimony vine after the pre-freeze to be refrigerated to-40 ℃, to be incubated 3-4 hours, make the matrimony vine in the dish all reach-40 ℃ eutectic point;
5) vacuumize drying: after step 4 insulation finishes, make the temperature in the condensation tube reduce to-50 ℃, begin to vacuumize and carry out lyophilization, when the dryness storehouse temperature reaches 30-35 ℃, vacuum is near below the final vacuum 4Pa, keep negative pressure after 1.5-2.5 hours, slowly be forced into normal pressure after, take out matrimony vine and standby or adopt inflated with nitrogen packing back standby.
Above-mentioned vacuumizing in the drying steps, temperature rises in 30-35 ℃ the process by-40 ℃, and heating process is: a, temperature rise to-25 ℃ of stages by-40 ℃; Vacuum need remain in the 10Pa, dissolves to prevent matrimony vine; B, rise to-10 ℃ of stages from-25 ℃; Large quantity of moisture distillation this moment, vacuum need remain between the 13-20Pa; C, from-10 ℃ to 0 ℃ the stage; Vacuum need remain on below the 20Pa; D, from 0 ℃ to 10 ℃ the stage; Vacuum need remain on below the 20Pa; E, reach the highest design temperature 30-35 ℃ when the matrimony vine temperature, vacuum is near final vacuum 4Pa when following, for guaranteeing that FRUCTUS LYCII is all by freeze-drying, kept vacuum 4Pa following 2-3 hour, after slowly being forced into normal pressure then, taking out matrimony vine and adopt the inflated with nitrogen packing, prevent the matrimony vine moisture absorption.
When above-mentioned vacuumizing in the drying steps, temperature rose to 0 ℃ of stage by-40 ℃, the temperature of temperature-rise period was set at 5 ℃.
When above-mentioned vacuumizing in the drying steps, temperature rose to 30-35 ℃ of stage by 0 ℃, the temperature of temperature-rise period was set at 10 ℃.
In the above-mentioned coarse crushing step, the relative humidity of pulverizing environment is below 40%.
In the above-mentioned coarse crushing step, the rotating speed of pulverizer is smaller or equal to 3600 rev/mins.
Cryogenic temperature in the above-mentioned ultramicro grinding is less than 10 ℃.
The present invention has following advantage: 1, adopt Vacuum Freezing ﹠ Drying Technology of the present invention, medlar fresh fruit is carried out freeze-drying, the nutrition in the medlar fresh fruit, face shaping and color and luster have at utmost been kept, solved in the present vacuum freeze drying process, can't guarantee problems such as FRUCTUS LYCII nutrition, face shaping and color and luster, cooperate different programming rate and vacuum, greatly reduce cryodesiccated energy consumption; 2, disintegrating process has adopted low humidity, the slow-speed of revolution and sub-sieve technology, has avoided owing to technology drawbacks such as loss of active ingredients, sticking machine, saccharification in the too high matrimony vine of causing of pulverizer rotating speed; 3, because crushing process is divided into coarse crushing and two processing steps of ultramicro grinding, in the coarse crushing process, to contain the matrimony vine pericarp, the part of matrimony vine seed is separated, improved the quality of wolfberry fruit powder, account for simultaneously the wolfberry fruit powder gross weight 30-35% contain the matrimony vine pericarp, the wolfberry fruit powder of matrimony vine seed, can be used as to food, the raw material of producers such as beverage, as contain the wolfberry fruit powder and the chrysanthemum of pericarp part, cassia seed is made tea in bag, the matrimony vine seed can offer produces matrimony vine oil producer, its comprehensive utilization back economic benefit is considerable, the wolfberry fruit powder of having avoided on the other hand only containing the matrimony vine pulp fraction is repeatedly pulverized the loss of effective components that is caused, reduced crushing quantity simultaneously, improve crush efficiency, guaranteed active ingredient and the color and luster in the wolfberry fruit powder as much as possible.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
1) soak: with the medlar fresh fruit of plucking, adopting percent concentration is that 5% sodium chloride solution cleans, soaked 5 minutes, and purpose is to wash agricultural chemicals and the impurity that remains in the matrimony vine surface, and plays and protect look and make the well-off more full effect of fresh fruit;
2) drain away the water after the clear water flushing: the matrimony vine after will soaking clearly with circulating water is put into air-cooled freezer and drains away the water after cleaning; Its objective is that the quick drop of the moisture that makes the matrimony vine surface is clean, also slowed down the oxidation rate of matrimony vine in normal temperature draining process simultaneously;
3) pre-freeze: with the medlar fresh fruit that drains away the water in air-cooled freezer after the sabot, pre-freeze to air-cooled freezer equality of temperature, the purpose of sabot is to have slowed down the oxidation rate of matrimony vine in normal temperature draining process on the one hand in air-cooled freezer, can reduce the cost that freezes early stage on the other hand, can be connected with next procedure again;
4) freezing: as the dryness storehouse of packing into of the matrimony vine after the pre-freeze to be refrigerated to-40 ℃, to be incubated 3 hours, make the matrimony vine in the dish all reach-40 ℃ eutectic point; When the control panel of vacuum freeze dryer shows-40 ℃, can not the explanation dish in all FRUCTUS LYCIIs all reach-40 ℃, the purpose that is incubated 3 hours also is to make all FRUCTUS LYCIIs all reach-40 ℃.If the vacuum freeze-drying machine is made up of a plurality of compressors, can according to circumstances cut off one to two group of compressor at insulating process, to cut down the consumption of energy.
5) vacuumize drying: after step 4 insulation finishes, the vacuum freeze-drying machine is switched to the condensation tube refrigeration to-50 ℃, begin to vacuumize and carry out lyophilization, temperature by-40 ℃ of heating process that rise to 30-35 ℃ is in the lyophilization process: a, temperature rise to-25 ℃ of stages by-40 ℃; Vacuum need remain in the 10Pa, dissolves to prevent matrimony vine.The temperature of temperature-rise period is set at 5 ℃, that is to say after temperature slowly rises to-35 ℃ by-40 ℃, guarantee vacuum in 10Pa, if greater than 10Pa, stops heating and makes vacuum drop to 10Pa with after interior, can heat again.B, rise to-10 ℃ of stages from-25 ℃; Large quantity of moisture distillation this moment, the temperature of temperature-rise period is set at 5 ℃, and vacuum need remain on about 13Pa; Can be at step a, b stage according to the variation of condensation tube temperature and vacuum, intersect and stop compressor bank work, so promptly do not influence Products Quality, can reach the purpose of quick distillation again, shorten freeze-drying time.Because the longest in these two times in stage of whole freeze-drying process, energy efficient greatly.C, from-10 ℃ to 0 ℃ the stage; The temperature of temperature-rise period is set at 5 ℃, and vacuum need remain on below the 20Pa; Because in heating process, the material temperature has certain temperature difference with the plate temperature, can according to the material temperature of vacuum freeze-drying machine with the temperature demonstration of plate temperature approaching after, can carry out the heating of next temperature section.D, from 0 ℃ to 10 ℃ the stage; The temperature of temperature-rise period is set at 10 ℃, and vacuum need remain on below the 20Pa; E, reach 30 ℃ of the highest design temperatures when the matrimony vine temperature, vacuum is near final vacuum 4Pa when following, for guaranteeing that FRUCTUS LYCII is all by freeze-drying, kept vacuum 4Pa following 2 hours, to guarantee that every FRUCTUS LYCII grain all reaches the freeze-drying requirement, after slowly being forced into normal pressure then, directly putting into pulverizer behind the taking-up matrimony vine pulverizes, carry out sub-sieve after the pulverizing, the part that contains matrimony vine pericarp, matrimony vine seed of sieving out is pulverized once more, and carry out sub-sieve once more, the wolfberry fruit powder that only contains the matrimony vine pulp fraction of sifting out in twice minute is standby; The relative humidity of above-mentioned pulverizing environment is below 40%, and the rotating speed of pulverizer is smaller or equal to 3600 rev/mins.
Ultramicro grinding: will divide the wolfberry fruit powder that only contains the matrimony vine pulp fraction of sifting out in the low temperature environment below 10 ℃, to carry out both having can be used as final products after the packing more than ultramicro grinding to 200 order after above-mentioned twice pulverizing.
Above-mentioned slow pressurization can be taked the batch (-type) vacuum breaker or utilize the permeation device in the control system of vacuum freeze-drying machine to pressurize, and its objective is to avoid the destruction of unexpected vacuum breaker to FRUCTUS LYCII shape and surface.
Embodiment 2:
On the basis of embodiment 1, soak time is become 15 minutes, draining away the water after matrimony vine is cleaned is to carry out in air-cooled freezer, pre-freeze is to carry out in freezer.Matrimony vine after just will cleaning is put into air-cooled freezer and drains away the water, put into after the sabot freezer pre-freeze to the freezer equality of temperature; Vacuumize in the dry run, temperature is when-25 ℃ rise to-10 ℃ of stages, and vacuum need remain on about 20Pa; When the matrimony vine temperature reaches 35 ℃ of the highest design temperatures, vacuum when following, kept vacuum 4Pa following 3 hours near final vacuum 4Pa.Other process conditions are identical with embodiment 1 with process.
Embodiment 3:
On the basis of embodiment 1, soak time is become 10 minutes, draining away the water after matrimony vine is cleaned is to carry out in air-cooled freezer, pre-freeze is to carry out in freezer.Matrimony vine after just will cleaning is put into air-cooled freezer and drains away the water, put into after the sabot freezer pre-freeze to the freezer equality of temperature; Vacuumize in the dry run, temperature is when-25 ℃ rise to-10 ℃ of stages, and vacuum need remain on about 18Pa; When the matrimony vine temperature reaches 35 ℃ of the highest design temperatures, vacuum when following, kept vacuum 4Pa following 2.5 hours near final vacuum 4Pa.Dried FRUCTUS LYCII can be used for preparing wolfberry fruit powder after adopting the inflated with nitrogen packing.The purpose of inflated with nitrogen packing is to prevent the matrimony vine moisture absorption, and other process conditions are identical with embodiment 1 with process.
The moisture content of the FRUCTUS LYCII by above-mentioned processing technology drying generally can be less than 5%, and the color and luster of wolfberry fruit powder is lucid and lively, loss of effective components is few.
Claims (8)
1. the processing technology of a vacuum freezing-dried wolfberry fruit powder, its processing step is:
1) coarse crushing: the FRUCTUS LYCII of vacuum freeze-drying is put into pulverizer carry out twice or twice above pulverizing, all carry out sub-sieve after each the pulverizing, to contain the part of matrimony vine pericarp, matrimony vine seed, pulverize once more, the wolfberry fruit powder that only contains the matrimony vine pulp fraction is standby;
2) ultramicro grinding: divide the wolfberry fruit powder that only contains the matrimony vine pulp fraction of sifting out to carry out at low temperatures both having can be used as final products after the packing more than ultramicro grinding to 200 order above-mentioned back of pulverizing more than twice or twice.
2. the processing technology of vacuum freezing-dried wolfberry fruit powder according to claim 1 is characterized in that the freeze-dry process of above-mentioned vacuum freeze-drying FRUCTUS LYCII is:
1) soak: with the medlar fresh fruit of plucking, adopting percent concentration is that 5% sodium chloride solution cleans, soaked 5-15 minutes, and purpose is to wash agricultural chemicals and the impurity that remains in the matrimony vine surface, and plays and protect look and make the well-off more full effect of fresh fruit;
2) drain away the water after the clear water flushing: the matrimony vine after will soaking clearly with circulating water is put into freezer and drains away the water after cleaning; Its objective is that the quick drop of the moisture that makes the matrimony vine surface is clean, also slowed down the oxidation rate of matrimony vine in normal temperature draining process simultaneously;
3) pre-freeze: with the medlar fresh fruit that drains away the water in air-cooled freezer after the sabot, pre-freeze to the freezer equality of temperature; The purpose of sabot is to have slowed down the oxidation rate of matrimony vine in normal temperature draining process on the one hand in freezer, can reduce the cost that freezes early stage on the other hand, can be connected with next procedure again;
4) freezing: as the dryness storehouse of packing into of the matrimony vine after the pre-freeze to be refrigerated to-40 ℃, to be incubated 3-4 hours, make the matrimony vine in the dish all reach-40 ℃ eutectic point;
5) vacuumize drying: after step 4 insulation finishes, make the temperature in the condensation tube reduce to-50 ℃, begin to vacuumize and carry out lyophilization, when the dryness storehouse temperature reaches 30-35 ℃, vacuum is near below the final vacuum 4Pa, keep negative pressure after 1.5-2.5 hours, slowly be forced into normal pressure after, take out matrimony vine and standby or adopt inflated with nitrogen packing back standby.
3. the processing technology of vacuum freezing-dried wolfberry fruit powder according to claim 2 is characterized in that above-mentioned vacuumizing in the drying steps, and temperature rises in 30-35 ℃ the process by-40 ℃, and heating process is: a, temperature rise to-25 ℃ of stages by-40 ℃; Vacuum need remain in the 10Pa, dissolves to prevent matrimony vine; B, rise to-10 ℃ of stages from-25 ℃; Large quantity of moisture distillation this moment, vacuum need remain between the 13-20Pa; C, from-10 ℃ to 0 ℃ the stage; Vacuum need remain on below the 20Pa; D, from 0 ℃ to 10 ℃ the stage; Vacuum need remain on below the 20Pa; E, reach the highest design temperature 30-35 ℃ when the matrimony vine temperature, vacuum is near final vacuum 4Pa when following, for guaranteeing that FRUCTUS LYCII is all by freeze-drying, kept vacuum 4Pa following 2-3 hour, after slowly being forced into normal pressure then, taking out matrimony vine and adopt the inflated with nitrogen packing, prevent the matrimony vine moisture absorption.
4. the processing technology of vacuum freezing-dried wolfberry fruit powder according to claim 3 is characterized in that above-mentioned vacuumizing in the drying steps, and when temperature rose to 0 ℃ of stage by-40 ℃, the temperature of temperature-rise period was set at 5 ℃.
5. the processing technology of vacuum freezing-dried wolfberry fruit powder according to claim 3 is characterized in that above-mentioned vacuumizing in the drying steps, and when temperature rose to 30-35 ℃ of stage by 0 ℃, the temperature of temperature-rise period was set at 10 ℃.
6. according to the processing technology of the described vacuum freezing-dried wolfberry fruit powder of above-mentioned each claim, it is characterized in that in the above-mentioned coarse crushing step that the relative humidity of pulverizing environment is below 40%.
7. the processing technology of vacuum freezing-dried wolfberry fruit powder according to claim 6 is characterized in that the rotating speed of pulverizer is smaller or equal to 3600 rev/mins in the above-mentioned coarse crushing step.
8. the processing technology of vacuum freezing-dried wolfberry fruit powder according to claim 7 is characterized in that the cryogenic temperature in the above-mentioned ultramicro grinding is less than 10 ℃.
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Owner name: ZHUHAI BONDED AREA YONGJIAN HEALTH FOOD CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: HAN HONGWEN Effective date: 20150722 |
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Address after: 519030 Zhuhai Free Trade Zone seventh, Zhuhai, Guangdong Patentee after: Yongan (China) Health Products Co.,Ltd. Address before: 519030 Zhuhai Free Trade Zone seventh, Zhuhai, Guangdong Patentee before: Zhuhai Free Trade Zone Yong Jian health food Co.,Ltd. |
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Correction item: Patentee|Address Correct: Ernst & Young (China) Health Products Co., Ltd.|519030 Zhuhai Free Trade Zone seventh, Zhuhai, Guangdong False: Yongan (China) Health Products Co., Ltd.|519030 Zhuhai Free Trade Zone seventh, Zhuhai, Guangdong Number: 26-01 Volume: 34 |
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