CN102131093A - Image processing method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an image processing method and an image processing device to improve the prediction accuracy of predictive residual and further reduce code words required by encoding and improve the encoding efficiency. The invention provides an image encoding method, which comprises the following steps of: determining a predictive residual of the current block of an image, and performing discrete cosine transform (DCT) on the predictive residual to obtain a DCT domain coefficient of the current block; determining a predicted value of the DCT domain coefficient of the current block according to the DCT domain coefficient of the encoded block adjacent to the current block; and encoding the current block by using a difference value between the DCT domain coefficient at the same pixel position of the current block and the predicted value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the image technique field, relate in particular to a kind of image processing method and device.
Background technology
Intraframe coding is an important techniques in the video coding, and its principle is to utilize the correlation between the neighbor on the image inner space, farthest removes or minimizing spatial redundancy information.And, prediction residual is carried out conversion, quantification and entropy coding, remove or minimizing coding redundancy information.
H.264 the infra-prediction techniques in is based on that spatial domain carries out, and as shown in Figure 1, a～p is 16 pixels in the current 4x4 piece to be predicted; A～L is illustrated on the spatial domain and current 4x4 image block adjacent pixels.H.264 the infra-prediction techniques in, be to utilize that the correlation between the neighbor gives a forecast on the space, then to the difference between predicted value and the original value (comprising luminance difference and colourity difference), it is prediction residual, be discrete cosine transform (Discrete Cosine Transform, be called for short dct transform), the direct current on the frequency domain that obtains (DC) coefficient with exchange (AC) coefficient.But, when the image information after will encoding is transferred to decoding end, the DC coefficient and the AC coefficient of each image block all need be transmitted, and the value of DC coefficient and AC coefficient (the especially value of DC coefficient) is bigger, therefore data quantity transmitted is bigger, and promptly code check is higher.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of image processing method and device, in order to the precision of prediction of raising prediction residual, and then reduces the required code word of coding, improves code efficiency.
A kind of method for encoding images that the embodiment of the invention provides comprises:
Determine the prediction residual of image current block, and this prediction residual is carried out discrete cosine transform DCT, obtain the DCT domain coefficient of current block;
The DCT domain coefficient of the adjacent piece finished of encoding that utilizes current block is determined the predicted value of the DCT domain coefficient of current block;
Utilize the DCT domain coefficient of same location of pixels of current block and the difference of predicted value, current block is encoded.
A kind of picture decoding method that the embodiment of the invention provides comprises:
Determine the difference of the predicted value of the discrete cosine transform DCT domain coefficient of each location of pixels correspondence of image current block and DCT domain coefficient;
The DCT domain coefficient of the adjacent piece finished of decoding that utilizes current block is determined the predicted value of the DCT domain coefficient of current block;
The predicted value and the difference of the DCT domain coefficient of the same location of pixels correspondence by current block are determined the DCT domain coefficient of current block, and the DCT domain coefficient of current block is carried out inverse discrete cosine transformation IDCT, obtain the prediction residual of current block;
Utilize the prediction residual of current block, determine the pixel value in the current block.
A kind of picture coding device that the embodiment of the invention provides comprises:
DCT domain coefficient determining unit is used for determining the prediction residual of image current block, and this prediction residual is carried out discrete cosine transform DCT, obtains the DCT domain coefficient of current block;
The predicted value determining unit, the DCT domain coefficient of the adjacent piece finished of encoding that is used to utilize current block is determined the predicted value of the DCT domain coefficient of current block;
The difference processing unit is used to utilize the DCT domain coefficient of same location of pixels of current block and the difference of predicted value, and current block is encoded.
A kind of picture decoding apparatus that the embodiment of the invention provides comprises:
The difference determining unit is used for determining the difference of the predicted value of the discrete cosine transform DCT domain coefficient of each location of pixels correspondence of image current block and DCT domain coefficient;
The predicted value determining unit, the DCT domain coefficient of the adjacent piece finished of decoding that is used to utilize current block is determined the predicted value of the DCT domain coefficient of current block;
The prediction residual determining unit, the predicted value and the difference that are used for the DCT domain coefficient of the same location of pixels correspondence by current block, determine the DCT domain coefficient of current block, and the DCT domain coefficient of current block is carried out inverse discrete cosine transformation IDCT, obtain the prediction residual of current block;
Pixel-value determining unit is used to utilize the prediction residual of current block, determines the pixel value in the current block.
The embodiment of the invention is determined the prediction residual of image current block, and this prediction residual is carried out discrete cosine transform DCT, obtains the DCT domain coefficient of current block; The DCT domain coefficient of the adjacent piece finished of encoding that utilizes current block is determined the predicted value of the DCT domain coefficient of current block; Utilize the DCT domain coefficient of same location of pixels of current block and the difference of predicted value, current block is encoded, thereby when making image information after will encoding be transferred to decoding end, do not need the DC coefficient and the AC coefficient of each image block are all transmitted, improved the precision of prediction of prediction residual, reduce the required code word of encoding, improved code efficiency.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of correlation between the pixel of spatial domain epigraph;
The schematic flow sheet of a kind of method for encoding images that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the invention;
The current block that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the invention and the schematic diagram of the same relative location of pixels of adjacent block;
The schematic flow sheet of a kind of picture decoding method that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the invention;
The prediction schematic diagram of the DCT domain coefficient of the image block that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the invention;
The structural representation of a kind of picture coding device that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the invention;
The structural representation of a kind of picture decoding apparatus that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of image processing method and device, in order to the precision of prediction of raising prediction residual, and then reduces the required code word of coding, improves code efficiency.
Prior art adopts and based on the intraframe predictive coding technology of spatial domain image is encoded, the embodiment of the invention finds that the DC coefficient and the AC coefficient of adjacent image piece also have very strong correlation, therefore the technical scheme that provides of the embodiment of the invention, in frequency domain, DC coefficient and AC coefficient that the piece that utilizes the coding adjacent with current block to be encoded to finish is corresponding, DC coefficient and AC coefficient to current block to be encoded are predicted, with the correlation between the DCT domain coefficient that reduces the adjacent image piece, thereby under the prerequisite that guarantees picture quality, reduce the data volume that obtains after the image encoding, thereby reduce code check.Wherein, the DCT domain coefficient comprises DC coefficient and AC coefficient.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the technical scheme that the embodiment of the invention provides is described.
A kind of method for encoding images that the embodiment of the invention provides comprises:
With current image division to be encoded is a plurality of blocks to be encoded, and the size of each piece can be 4x4 or 16x16, and unit is a pixel.The corresponding DCT domain coefficient of each location of pixels of each piece, the DCT domain coefficient of the location of pixels correspondence of first row, first row of each piece is the DC coefficient, the DCT domain coefficient of other positions is the AC coefficient.
For each piece,, carry out following operation referring to Fig. 2:
Step S101, determine the prediction residual of image current block, and this prediction residual is carried out discrete cosine transform DCT, obtain the DCT domain coefficient of current block.
Preferably, described DCT domain coefficient comprises:
DC coefficient and AC coefficient.
Step S102, the DCT domain coefficient of the adjacent piece finished of encoding that utilizes current block are determined the predicted value of the DCT domain coefficient of current block.
Step S103, the DCT domain coefficient of same location of pixels that utilizes current block and the difference of predicted value are encoded to current block.
Preferably, the prediction residual of described definite current block comprises:
Current block is carried out H.264 space infra-frame prediction, determine the optimal frames inner estimation mode of the current block to be encoded of image;
Determine the prediction residual of the current block to be encoded under the described optimal frames inner estimation mode.
Preferably, the DCT domain coefficient of the adjacent piece finished of encoding that utilizes current block, determine to comprise the predicted value of the DCT domain coefficient of current block:
Determine the mean value of the DCT domain coefficient of left piece that current block is adjacent and last piece same relative position, with the predicted value of this mean value as the DCT domain coefficient of the same relative position of current block.
For example, referring to Fig. 3, suppose that current block is piece C, DC among the current block C and AC coefficient are to obtain by asking on average in the value of same relative position by DC and AC coefficient among last piece B and the left piece A.For example: the DC value of first row, first row among the DC value of first row, first row and the piece B among the piece A, with the DC value of first row, first row among the piece C, for being in the value of same relative position.
Particularly, can adopt following formula () and (two) to ask average:
DC
C=(DC
A+ DC
B+ 1)/2...... formula ()
AC
C=(AC
A+ AC
B+ 1)/2...... formula (two)
The operation of wherein "+1 " is the operation of rounding off, and is the common practice of asking the mean value of two values, promptly rounds up, and the purpose that the embodiment of the invention is done like this is in order to keep original image better, to embody the feature of original image.
Certainly, in the embodiment of the invention at the DCT domain coefficient of the adjacent piece finished of encoding that utilizes current block, when determining the predicted value of DCT domain coefficient of current block, be not limited to utilize the mean value of the DCT domain coefficient of adjacent left piece of current block and last piece same relative position, predicted value as the DCT domain coefficient of the same relative position of current block, also can utilize the mean value of DCT domain coefficient of the same relative position of other adjacent pieces of current block, as the predicted value of the DCT domain coefficient of the same relative position of current block.
Preferably, the DCT domain coefficient of the described same location of pixels that utilizes current block and the difference of predicted value are encoded to current block, comprising:
The DCT domain coefficient of the same location of pixels of current block and the difference of predicted value are quantized, and the value after will quantizing is carried out entropy coding.
With respect to above-mentioned method for encoding images, picture decoding method is the inverse process of this method for encoding images.
Introduce the picture decoding method that the embodiment of the invention provides below.
Referring to Fig. 4, a kind of picture decoding method that the embodiment of the invention provides comprises:
The difference of the predicted value of step S201, the discrete cosine transform DCT domain coefficient of each location of pixels correspondence of determining the image current block and DCT domain coefficient.
Step S202, the DCT domain coefficient of the adjacent piece finished of decoding that utilizes current block are determined the predicted value of the DCT domain coefficient of current block.
The predicted value and the difference of the DCT domain coefficient of step S203, the same location of pixels correspondence by current block, determine the DCT domain coefficient of current block, and the DCT domain coefficient of current block carried out inverse discrete cosine transformation (IDCT, inverse discrete cosine transform), obtain the prediction residual of current block.
Step S204, utilize the prediction residual of current block, determine the pixel value in the current block.
Preferably, the DCT domain coefficient of the described adjacent piece finished of decoding that utilizes current block, determine to comprise the predicted value of the DCT domain coefficient of current block:
Determine the mean value of the DCT domain coefficient of the decode left piece finished and last piece same relative position that current block is adjacent, with the predicted value of this mean value as the DCT domain coefficient of the same relative position of current block.
The predicted value of the DCT domain coefficient of the definite current block in this step and the above-mentioned coding method is similar.
Preferably, the difference of the discrete cosine transform DCT domain coefficient of each location of pixels correspondence of described definite image current block and the predicted value of DCT domain coefficient comprises:
The image current block is carried out entropy decoding and inverse quantization, determine the difference of the predicted value of the DCT domain coefficient of each location of pixels correspondence of current block and DCT domain coefficient.
Preferably, the predicted value and the difference of the DCT domain coefficient of described same location of pixels correspondence by current block, determine to comprise the DCT domain coefficient of current block:
For each location of pixels of current block,, obtain the DCT domain coefficient of this position with the difference addition of this position of determining among the predicted value of the DCT domain coefficient of this position correspondence and the step S201.
Preferably, the described prediction residual of utilizing current block is determined the pixel value in the current block, comprising:
Current block is carried out H.264 space infra-frame prediction, the prediction residual on the spatial domain of the current block that obtains among the pixel predictors of the current block that obtains and the step S203 is carried out addition, obtain the reconstruction value of pixel in the current block.
Need to prove,, then replace with 0 value if the DCT domain coefficient of the last piece of current block and/or left piece (DC coefficient and/or AC coefficient) is unavailable.For example, current block is the piece in the upper left corner of image, and then this piece does not have adjacent last piece and left piece, and therefore going up piece and left piece can not be as the reference of prediction, then with 0 value replacement.
In the embodiment of the invention, can only predict a part of DCT domain coefficient of each piece, not necessarily to all predict all DC coefficients and AC coefficient, for example:, can only predict to leftmost row (first row) of each piece and the DCT domain coefficient of delegation topmost (first row) referring to Fig. 5.Perhaps, only the coefficient on the location of pixels that has marked the DCT domain coefficient among the figure is predicted the coefficient of other blank positions need not be predicted,, thereby be need not prediction, reduce operand because the value of this part coefficient is 0 probably.
Referring to Fig. 6, a kind of picture coding device that the embodiment of the invention provides comprises:
DCT domain coefficient determining unit 101 is used for determining the prediction residual of image current block, and this prediction residual is carried out discrete cosine transform DCT, obtains the DCT domain coefficient of current block.
Predicted value determining unit 102, the DCT domain coefficient of the adjacent piece finished of encoding that is used to utilize current block is determined the predicted value of the DCT domain coefficient of current block.
Preferably, described predicted value determining unit 102 is determined the mean value of the DCT domain coefficient of left piece that current block is adjacent and last piece same relative position, with the predicted value of this mean value as the DCT domain coefficient of the same relative position of current block.
Preferably, described difference processing unit 103 the DCT domain coefficient of the same location of pixels of current block and the difference of predicted value are quantized, and the value after will quantizing is carried out entropy coding.
Referring to Fig. 7, a kind of picture decoding apparatus that the embodiment of the invention provides comprises:
Predicted value determining unit 202, the DCT domain coefficient of the adjacent piece finished of decoding that is used to utilize current block is determined the predicted value of the DCT domain coefficient of current block.
Prediction residual determining unit 203, the predicted value and the difference that are used for the DCT domain coefficient of the same location of pixels correspondence by current block, determine the DCT domain coefficient of current block, and the DCT domain coefficient of current block is carried out inverse discrete cosine transformation IDCT, obtain the prediction residual of current block.
Pixel-value determining unit 204 is used to utilize the prediction residual of current block, determines the pixel value in the current block.
Preferably, described predicted value determining unit 202 is determined the mean value of the DCT domain coefficient of the decode left piece finished and last piece same relative position that current block is adjacent, with the predicted value of this mean value as the DCT domain coefficient of the same relative position of current block.
Preferably, described difference determining unit 201 is carried out entropy decoding and inverse quantization to the image current block, determines the difference of the predicted value of the DCT domain coefficient of each location of pixels correspondence of current block and DCT domain coefficient.
Need to prove, picture coding device that the invention described above embodiment provides and picture decoding apparatus, it is a kind of preferred embodiment, the technical scheme that those skilled in the art can provide according to the embodiment of the invention, expect the device of other similar, for example on embodiment of the invention basis, increase or reduce one or more unit etc.
In sum, the embodiment of the invention is determined the prediction residual of image current block, and this prediction residual is carried out discrete cosine transform DCT, obtains the DCT domain coefficient of current block; The DCT domain coefficient of the adjacent piece finished of encoding that utilizes current block is determined the predicted value of the DCT domain coefficient of current block; Utilize the DCT domain coefficient of same location of pixels of current block and the difference of predicted value, current block is encoded, thereby improve the precision of prediction of prediction residual, reduce the required code word of coding, improve code efficiency.
Those skilled in the art should understand that embodiments of the invention can be provided as method, system or computer program.Therefore, the present invention can adopt complete hardware embodiment, complete software implementation example or in conjunction with the form of the embodiment of software and hardware aspect.And the present invention can adopt the form that goes up the computer program of implementing in one or more computer-usable storage medium (including but not limited to magnetic disc store and optical memory etc.) that wherein include computer usable program code.
The present invention is that reference is described according to the flow chart and/or the block diagram of method, equipment (system) and the computer program of the embodiment of the invention.Should understand can be by the flow process in each flow process in computer program instructions realization flow figure and/or the block diagram and/or square frame and flow chart and/or the block diagram and/or the combination of square frame.Can provide these computer program instructions to the processor of all-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, Embedded Processor or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, make the instruction of carrying out by the processor of computer or other programmable data processing device produce to be used for the device of the function that is implemented in flow process of flow chart or a plurality of flow process and/or square frame of block diagram or a plurality of square frame appointments.
These computer program instructions also can be stored in energy vectoring computer or the computer-readable memory of other programmable data processing device with ad hoc fashion work, make the instruction that is stored in this computer-readable memory produce the manufacture that comprises command device, this command device is implemented in the function of appointment in flow process of flow chart or a plurality of flow process and/or square frame of block diagram or a plurality of square frame.
These computer program instructions also can be loaded on computer or other programmable data processing device, make on computer or other programmable devices and to carry out the sequence of operations step producing computer implemented processing, thereby the instruction of carrying out on computer or other programmable devices is provided for being implemented in the step of the function of appointment in flow process of flow chart or a plurality of flow process and/or square frame of block diagram or a plurality of square frame.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification to the present invention and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, if of the present invention these are revised and modification belongs within the scope of claim of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention also is intended to comprise these changes and modification interior.
Claims (12)
1. a method for encoding images is characterized in that, this method comprises:
Determine the prediction residual of image current block, and this prediction residual is carried out discrete cosine transform DCT, obtain the DCT domain coefficient of current block;
The DCT domain coefficient of the adjacent piece finished of encoding that utilizes current block is determined the predicted value of the DCT domain coefficient of current block;
Utilize the DCT domain coefficient of same location of pixels of current block and the difference of predicted value, current block is encoded.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the DCT domain coefficient of the described adjacent piece finished of encoding that utilizes current block is determined to comprise the predicted value of the DCT domain coefficient of current block:
Determine the mean value of the DCT domain coefficient of left piece that current block is adjacent and last piece same relative position, with the predicted value of this mean value as the DCT domain coefficient of the same relative position of current block.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the DCT domain coefficient of the described same location of pixels that utilizes current block and the difference of predicted value are encoded to current block, comprising:
The DCT domain coefficient of the same location of pixels of current block and the difference of predicted value are quantized, and the value after will quantizing is carried out entropy coding.
4. a picture decoding method is characterized in that, this method comprises:
Determine the difference of the predicted value of the discrete cosine transform DCT domain coefficient of each location of pixels correspondence of image current block and DCT domain coefficient;
The DCT domain coefficient of the adjacent piece finished of decoding that utilizes current block is determined the predicted value of the DCT domain coefficient of current block;
The predicted value and the difference of the DCT domain coefficient of the same location of pixels correspondence by current block are determined the DCT domain coefficient of current block, and the DCT domain coefficient of current block is carried out inverse discrete cosine transformation IDCT, obtain the prediction residual of current block;
Utilize the prediction residual of current block, determine the pixel value in the current block.
5. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the DCT domain coefficient of the described adjacent piece finished of decoding that utilizes current block is determined to comprise the predicted value of the DCT domain coefficient of current block:
Determine the mean value of the DCT domain coefficient of the decode left piece finished and last piece same relative position that current block is adjacent, with the predicted value of this mean value as the DCT domain coefficient of the same relative position of current block.
6. according to claim 4 or 5 described methods, it is characterized in that the difference of the discrete cosine transform DCT domain coefficient of each location of pixels correspondence of described definite image current block and the predicted value of DCT domain coefficient comprises:
The image current block is carried out entropy decoding and inverse quantization, determine the difference of the predicted value of the DCT domain coefficient of each location of pixels correspondence of current block and DCT domain coefficient.
7. a picture coding device is characterized in that, this device comprises:
DCT domain coefficient determining unit is used for determining the prediction residual of image current block, and this prediction residual is carried out discrete cosine transform DCT, obtains the DCT domain coefficient of current block;
The predicted value determining unit, the DCT domain coefficient of the adjacent piece finished of encoding that is used to utilize current block is determined the predicted value of the DCT domain coefficient of current block;
The difference processing unit is used to utilize the DCT domain coefficient of same location of pixels of current block and the difference of predicted value, and current block is encoded.
8. device according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described predicted value determining unit is determined the mean value of the DCT domain coefficient of left piece that current block is adjacent and last piece same relative position, with the predicted value of this mean value as the DCT domain coefficient of the same relative position of current block.
9. according to claim 7 or 8 described devices, it is characterized in that described difference processing unit the DCT domain coefficient of the same location of pixels of current block and the difference of predicted value are quantized, and the value after will quantizing is carried out entropy coding.
10. a picture decoding apparatus is characterized in that, this device comprises:
The difference determining unit is used for determining the difference of the predicted value of the discrete cosine transform DCT domain coefficient of each location of pixels correspondence of image current block and DCT domain coefficient;
The predicted value determining unit, the DCT domain coefficient of the adjacent piece finished of decoding that is used to utilize current block is determined the predicted value of the DCT domain coefficient of current block;
The prediction residual determining unit, the predicted value and the difference that are used for the DCT domain coefficient of the same location of pixels correspondence by current block, determine the DCT domain coefficient of current block, and the DCT domain coefficient of current block is carried out inverse discrete cosine transformation IDCT, obtain the prediction residual of current block;
Pixel-value determining unit is used to utilize the prediction residual of current block, determines the pixel value in the current block.
11. device according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, described predicted value determining unit, determine the mean value of the DCT domain coefficient of the decode left piece finished and last piece same relative position that current block is adjacent, with the predicted value of this mean value as the DCT domain coefficient of the same relative position of current block.
12., it is characterized in that described difference determining unit is carried out entropy decoding and inverse quantization to the image current block according to claim 10 or 11 described devices, determine the difference of the predicted value of the DCT domain coefficient of each location of pixels correspondence of current block and DCT domain coefficient.
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| CN103634608A (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2014-03-12 | 中国科学技术大学 | High-performance video coding lossless mode residual error transform method |
| CN103634608B (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2015-03-25 | 中国科学技术大学 | Residual error transformation method of high-performance video coding lossless mode |
| CN114501029A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-05-13 | 深圳市洲明科技股份有限公司 | Image encoding method, image decoding method, image encoding apparatus, image decoding apparatus, computer device, and storage medium |
| CN114501029B (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2023-06-06 | 深圳市洲明科技股份有限公司 | Image encoding method, image decoding method, image encoding device, image decoding device, computer device, and storage medium |
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