CN102127470B - Ether-base fuel - Google Patents
Ether-base fuel Download PDFInfo
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- CN102127470B CN102127470B CN201010000711.0A CN201010000711A CN102127470B CN 102127470 B CN102127470 B CN 102127470B CN 201010000711 A CN201010000711 A CN 201010000711A CN 102127470 B CN102127470 B CN 102127470B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
- C10L1/023—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for spark ignition
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Novel clean-fuel, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of clean ether-base fuel.Ether-base fuel of the present invention comprises dme and ethanol.More specifically, this ether-base fuel can only be formed by dme and ethanol.Ether-base fuel of the present invention can use the petrolic vehicles or power-equipment for automobile and other by replacing gasoline.The invention still further relates to the propellant combination comprising ether-base fuel of the present invention He be selected from other fuel of at least one in gasoline and solvent oil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Novel clean-fuel, specifically, a kind of clean ether-base fuel.This ether-base fuel comprises dme and ethanol.More specifically, this ether-base fuel can only be made up of dme and ethanol.The invention still further relates to a kind of propellant combination, it comprises ether-base fuel of the present invention and is selected from other fuel of at least one in gasoline and solvent oil.
Background technology
As everyone knows, oil, as a kind of non-renewable resource, plays a part indispensable in a national social life and national defense construction.Along with improving constantly of our people's standard of living, automobile has progressed into the family of common people.Such as, Beijing has just entered the epoch of 4,000,000 automobiles now.Therefore, along with the increase of automobile pollution, the needs of gasoline are also being increased day by day.The crude production rate of China can not meet the flourish needs of domestic economy far away.Now, China becomes crude oil net importer from crude exports state, most of crude oil all dependence on import of China.The aggravation of this situation will seriously restrict further developing of China's economy, even can have influence on the national defense safety of China.Therefore, need to find one without the need to using petroleum, thus also just without the need to the vehicle fuel from external Imported oil.
In addition, along with popularizing of automobile, a large amount of exhaust emissions, in atmospheric environment, making automobile bringing people's life simultaneously easily, also bringing people various disease, particularly respiratory tract disease.In recent years, motor vehicle exhaust becomes the focus of people.In order to reduce the various problems that motor vehicle exhaust brings, countries in the world propose strict requirement to vehicle exhaust, comprise the U.S. and there is related request, and there is Europe IV standard in Europe, Japan has carried out the strictest standard that it is said, China is also carrying out the standard being equivalent to Europe III or Europe IV.Further, every country will be further strict for the requirement of exhaust emissions.Such as, the U.S. has agreed to that individual states formulates separately the exhaust emission standard stricter than American National Standard.At the eve that Beijing is hosting the Olympic Games, carry out state IV standards in advance, and state V standard will have been carried out as early as possible.Therefore, need a kind of clean fuel that can substitute the motor spirit used at present, this fuel is while meeting the function of motor spirit, and exhaust emissions is clean environment firendly more.
Benzene is generally acknowledged carcinogens, and it enters air due to evaporation and burning, exhaust emissions in the oil, brings direct impact to the health of the mankind.Therefore, all limited this index in European Union, Britain, Australia and Russian gasoline standard, general provision is for being not more than 5% (v/v).According to Beijing's provincial standard, require that the content of benzene is not more than 1.0 volume %.But as environmental requirement, national governments and appropriate authority also may propose stricter restriction.
Aromatic hydrocarbons is a kind of gasoline blender with higher octane and high heating value.But the formation of carcinogens benzene can be caused after its burning, and easily increase the carbon deposit of combustion chamber and increase CO
2discharge.It is generally acknowledged that the content of Benzene In Gasoline and other aromatic hydrocarbons is larger, then the benzene content in products of combustion is larger.Therefore, reduce Aromatic Hydrocarbon in Gasoline content and will be conducive to environment because reducing the discharge of benzene in tail gas.
China is a big coal country, and coal reserves is very abundant.Abundant coal resources are converted into oil fuel is a research direction always.Be ethanol by coal conversion, dme is also the important directions of current coal utilization.The units such as Shaanxi New-type fuel burner company investigated ether-base gasoline additive, this additive-package is containing the dme of 5-37%, the low-carbon alcohol compounds of 10-60%, the C5-10 hydrocarbon compound of 10-50%, the alkylphenol of 0.1-5% is to the alkylphenol of Soxylat A 25-7 and 0.05-0.5%.This additive is mixed with gasoline, can ether-base composite gasoline be produced.Chinese invention patent application CN98112948.X also discloses a kind of ether-base gasoline additive, and it is made up of following component: 15.5% dme, 42% methyl alcohol, 39% benzene, 3.3% alkylphenol polyoxyethylene and 0.2%2,6-ditertbutylparacresol.Affect by this, the annual production of China's dme can reach millions of tons at present.But above-mentioned two kinds of ether-base gasoline additives are high due to production cost, and all containing a large amount of benzene, make the requirement that the gasoline being added with these two kinds of ether-base gasoline additives will cannot meet to benzene content in existing gasoline standard at all.And, think that in gasoline, add benzene also will inevitably cause benzene content in gasoline combustion product sharply to raise, thus environment and human body are damaged.Now, numerous dme manufacturer is in limited production or stops production due to product marketing problem, wait for the difficult condition looked around.
Therefore, if dme can be used to produce clean fuel, not only do not worry raw material sources, and the current problem of these producers can be solved.
Although the standard of methanol gasoline is is now issued and implemented, the substance characteristics due to methyl alcohol makes methanol gasoline still there are some problems: one be methanol phase poor for the volatility of gasolene ingredient, cause use methanol gasoline engine cold-start difficulty, burn insufficient; Two is that the mutual solubility of methyl alcohol and gasoline is poor, and the quality guaranteed period is short, layering apt to deteriorate; Three is substitute than low (namely needing the gasoline using about 1.6-1.7 part methyl alcohol to substitute 1 part), and four is if do not change engine structure, and methanol gasoline burns insufficient in available engine, and dynamic property is not enough.
Ethanol petrol obtains use in China some areas.But ethanol petrol exists some problems equally, the such as easy moisture absorption, meets water stratification and causes the quality guaranteed period short, substitutes than the problem such as low and be short of power.
Therefore, if dme can be used to produce clean fuel, not only do not worry raw material sources, and the current problem of these producers can be solved.
Summary of the invention
In a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention relates to a kind of ether-base fuel, it comprises dme and ethanol.
In the preferred implementation of this first aspect, in this ether-base fuel, the content of dme is 4-15 weight part, and the content of ethanol is 85-96 weight part, and wherein the gross weight of dme and ethanol is 100 weight parts.Further, in this ether-base fuel, the content of dme is 8-15 weight part, and the content of ethanol is 85-92 weight part, and wherein the gross weight of dme and ethanol is 100 weight parts.Further, in this ether-base fuel, the content of dme is 10-15 weight part, and the content of ethanol is 85-90 weight part, and wherein the gross weight of dme and ethanol is 100 weight parts.
In a kind of embodiment of this first aspect, ether-base fuel of the present invention is made up of dme and ethanol.
In a kind of embodiment of this first aspect, ether-base fuel of the present invention is automobile fuel.
In a kind of embodiment of this first aspect, ether-base fuel of the present invention is gasoline engine fuel.
In a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention relates to a kind of propellant combination, the ether-base fuel that this propellant combination comprises first aspect present invention and other fuel of at least one be selected from gasoline and No. 180 solvent oils.
In the preferred implementation of a second aspect of the present invention, the content of described ether-base fuel is the 1-99 % by weight of described propellant combination gross weight.Further, the content of described ether-base fuel is the 10-90 % by weight of described propellant combination gross weight.Further, the content of described ether-base fuel is the 30-70 % by weight of described propellant combination gross weight.
In the preferred implementation of second aspect present invention, described gasoline is No. 90, No. 93, No. 97, No. 100, No. 103 gasoline (wherein No. 100, No. 103 gasoline are in China's also non-commercial productions).
In the preferred implementation of second aspect present invention, described gasoline is methanol gasoline or ethanol petrol.
In the preferred implementation of second aspect present invention, wherein in described propellant combination, the content of described No. 180 solvent oils is no more than 20% of described propellant combination gross weight.
In the embodiment of second aspect present invention, this propellant combination is by ether-base fuel of the present invention and other fuel composition of at least one be selected from gasoline and No. 180 solvent oils.
Therefore, the present invention includes following embodiment:
Mode 1. 1 kinds of ether-base fuels, comprise dme and ethanol.
The ether-base fuel of mode 2. mode 1, wherein the content of dme is 4-15 weight part, and the content of ethanol is 85-96 weight part, and wherein the gross weight of dme and ethanol is 100 weight parts.
The ether-base fuel of mode 3. mode 1, wherein the content of dme is 8-15 weight part, and the content of ethanol is 85-92 weight part, and wherein the gross weight of dme and ethanol is 100 weight parts.
The ether-base fuel of mode 4. mode 1, wherein the content of dme is 10-15 weight part, and the content of ethanol is 85-90 weight part, and wherein the gross weight of dme and ethanol is 100 weight parts.
The ether-base fuel of any one of mode 5. mode 1-4, wherein said ether-base fuel is made up of dme and ethanol.
The ether-base fuel of any one of mode 6. mode 1-5, wherein said ether-base fuel is automobile fuel.
The ether-base fuel of any one of mode 7. mode 1-6, wherein said ether-base fuel is gasoline engine fuel.
Mode 8. 1 kinds of propellant combinations, the ether-base fuel comprising any one of mode 1-7 and other fuel of at least one be selected from gasoline and No. 180 solvent oils.
The propellant combination of mode 9. mode 8, the content of wherein said ether-base fuel is the 1-99 % by weight of described propellant combination.
The propellant combination of mode 10. mode 8 or 9, the content of wherein said ether-base fuel is the 10-90 % by weight of described propellant combination.
The propellant combination of any one of mode 11. mode 8-10, the content of wherein said ether-base fuel is the 20-80 % by weight of described propellant combination.
The propellant combination of any one of mode 12. mode 8-11, wherein said gasoline is No. 90, No. 93, No. 97, No. 100 or No. 103 gasoline.
The propellant combination of any one of mode 13. mode 8-12, wherein said gasoline is methanol gasoline or ethanol petrol.
The propellant combination of any one of mode 14. mode 8-13, wherein in described propellant combination, the content of described No. 180 solvent oils is no more than 20% of described propellant combination gross weight.
The propellant combination of any one of mode 15. mode 8-14, its by any one of mode 1-7 ether-base fuel and be selected from other fuel composition of at least one in gasoline and No. 180 solvent oils.
Embodiment
The present inventor, through a large amount of tests and screening, surprisingly finds the problems referred to above that the New-type fuel comprising dme and ethanol can be used to solve or partly overcome this area.
A first aspect of the present invention
A first aspect of the present invention relates to a kind of novel ether-base fuel, and this novel ether-base fuel is the fuel based on dme.Specifically, this novel ether-base fuel comprises dme and ethanol.
Novel ether-base fuel of the present invention does not use petroleum resources, and the gasoline that not only can replace deriving from oil completely for automotive industry, can also use the ethanol coming from farm crop as main component as fuel.Up to now, cannot expect that from prior art comprising dme and ethanol can use as fuel as the composition of main ingredient, particularly can make for replacing gasoline as vehicle fuel.From prior art, cannot expect that the ether-base fuel be made up of dme and ethanol can replace regular price gasoline for the fuel of automobile fuel or other vehicles or power-equipment completely at all.
The mixture of gasoline normally C4-C10 alkane, and containing materials such as Benzene and Toluene, aromatic hydrocarbons and alkene.
" gasoline " comprises regular gasoline herein, methanol gasoline and ethanol petrol.
Ether-base fuel of the present invention is not containing gasoline main ingredient, and namely ether-base fuel of the present invention is not such as, containing more than C4 hydrocarbon, C4-C10 alkane, benzene etc.In this article, " not containing more than C4 hydrocarbon " refers to and does not have a mind to add more than C4 hydrocarbon.
Ether-base fuel of the present invention mainly comprises dme and ethanol.Generally speaking, in ether-base fuel of the present invention, the content of dme can be 4-15 weight part, and the content of ethanol can be 85-96 weight part, and wherein the gross weight of dme and ethanol is 100 weight parts.Preferably, in this ether-base fuel, the content of dme is 8-15 weight part, and the content of ethanol is 85-92 weight part, and wherein the gross weight of dme and ethanol is 100 weight parts.More preferably, in this ether-base fuel, the content of dme is 10-15 weight part, and the content of ethanol is 85-90 weight part, and wherein the gross weight of dme and ethanol is 100 weight parts.
Below these two kinds of components are described in detail.
Dme is a kind of colourless, tasteless and nontoxic compound.Dme is gas at ambient temperature and pressure.Its molecular weight is 46, and oxygen level is 35, and air-fuel ratio is 9, and empty combustion heat vale of mixture is higher than diesel oil (3067/2911), and cetane value is 60 (than diesel oil height 5-12 units), and in exhaust emissions, CO and HC is than gasoline respectively low 55% and 86%.Therefore, the ratio of combustion gasoline of dme is more complete, and products of combustion is than gasoline more environmental protection.The combustionproperty of dme and good mechanical property, explosive power is strong, and these performances are all better than methyl tertiary butyl ether.
Ethanol refers to dehydrated alcohol in this application, its oxygen level high (about 35%), and octane value large (ethanol octane is 111, than gasoline height 14-21 unit), pollutant effulent is better than gasoline.The wide material sources of ethanol, particularly can by fermentation method by cassava, stalk, and particularly corn preparation, cost is lower.In China, because ethanol petrol is used, therefore ethanol, the supply especially for the ethanol of fuel does not become problem.
Dme used in the present invention can discard the twice-laid stuff of recycle from coal poly-generation and fertilizer plant, wide material sources, and with low cost.
Ether-base fuel of the present invention has the high-cleanness burning advantage of (thus high-cleanness discharge) and high-octane advantage of ethanol of dme simultaneously, therefore, it is high that this ether-base fuel can have octane value, sufficient combustion, exhaust emission is low, and raw material is easy to get and advantage with low cost.Ether-base fuel of the present invention can meet the requirements of automobile industry to gasoline, thus replaces conventional gasoline to use as the fuel of automobile.
More particularly, ether-base fuel of the present invention also has self-cleaning feature.Do not wish to be limited to concrete theory, the present inventor thinks because ethanol has good solubility energy, can effectively avoid forming carbon deposit at positions such as sparking plug, combustion chamber, valve, muffler of gas escape tubes, prevent oil circuit from blocking, and avoid the fault that causes because of carbon deposit and blocking, so create automatic cleaning action.Surprisingly, ether-base fuel of the present invention when not adding any additive, can complete this self-cleaning function.
Therefore, ether-base fuel of the present invention can realize clean burning, clean discharge and protect the effect of vehicle.
By regulating the content of dme and ethanol in ether-base fuel, the effect regulating octane value can be reached.Generally speaking, along with the content of ethanol reduces, the octane value of ether-base fuel of the present invention also can decrease.But because the octane value of ethanol itself is very high, therefore, when not using octane enhancing additive, the octane value of ether-base fuel of the present invention all can be higher.
Ether-base fuel of the present invention can not use any additive, and that is, ether-base fuel of the present invention can only be made up of dme and ethanol.But, according to the needs of embody rule, also can add other component or additive, to improve some performance of gained fuel further.
Because novel ether-base fuel of the present invention is different from conventional oil (such as gasoline and diesel oil), therefore, conventional gasoline dope might not can be used in ether-base fuel of the present invention.Before the additive of routine is used for ether-base fuel of the present invention, first must carry out compatibility test.Here consistency refers to that additive to be used can be dissolved in ether-base fuel of the present invention, and can keep stable existence, and does not change the proterties of ether-base fuel of the present invention.Only has additive that those and ether-base fuel of the present invention can be compatible just likely in ether-base fuel of the present invention.In addition, what also should be noted that additive adds the special performance that significantly adversely can not affect ether-base fuel of the present invention, such as cleanliness etc.
The regular price gasoline additive that may be used for ether-base fuel of the present invention comprises, such as, and catalyzer, burning agent, antioxidant, ignition dope, purification agent, octane promoter, metal passivator, inhibiter, deicing agent, anticorrosive agent, smoke suppressor etc.Through compatibility test after the assay was approved, these additives can be joined in ether-base fuel of the present invention, condition is the special performance significantly adversely not affecting ether-base fuel of the present invention.Also can add the combination of additive in ether-base fuel of the present invention, condition is the special performance significantly adversely not affecting ether-base fuel of the present invention.
Contriver is found by lot of experiments, some commercially available additive product may be used for ether-base fuel of the present invention, the ethanol gasoline detergent that such as petrochemical industry research institute produces, the fuel economizing purification agent etc. that Xinxiang, Henan Si Te oil-saving agent factory produces is many can ether-base fuel can be compatible therewith the additive product such as octane promoter, catalyzer, burning agent, antioxidant, ignition dope, metal passivator, inhibiter, deicing agent, anticorrosive agent, smoke suppressor.
More particularly, the present inventor is through a large amount of research work, against expectation find to add 2 in ether-base fuel of the present invention, 6-ditertbutylparacresol is as antioxidant, ether-base fuel autoxidation of the present invention can be reduced and the colloid produced, delay oxidized, extend shelf lives.When ether-base fuel of the present invention contains 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol, 2, the content of 6-ditertbutylparacresol can be 0.005-0.05 weight part, preferred 0.008-0.02 weight part, most preferably 0.009-0.012 weight part, based on dme and the ethanol total amount of 100 weight parts.
The present inventor finds, if containing the trimethyl carbinol in ether-base fuel of the present invention, then can improve function and the effect of this ether-base fuel further.In ether-base fuel, the trimethyl carbinol can play raising octane value, improves combustionproperty and alleviate the effects such as ethanol moisture absorption.The preferred content of the trimethyl carbinol is 0.5-2 weight part, preferred 0.9-1.1 weight part, based on dme and the ethanol total amount of 100 weight parts.
Although ether-base fuel of the present invention has automatic cleaning action, but be the cleaning action strengthening ether-base fuel of the present invention further, the generation of the clean and minimizing carbon on engine of further increase oil piping system, ether-base fuel of the present invention can also contain purification agent.Contriver finds, preferably in ether-base fuel of the present invention, adds succimide.Succimide can play removing vaporizer and the greasy filth of crankcase system and the effect of carbon distribution, reduce the pollution to atmospheric environment, reduce the discharge of CO, reduce the discharge of HC, the wearing and tearing of oil pump and oil nozzle can also be reduced, prevent spark plug coking, and the power of engine is provided, thus save energy, and improve fuel economy.In ether-base fuel of the present invention, be 100 parts by weight with the gross weight of dme and ethanol, the content of succimide can be 0.005-0.02 weight part, and preferably, the content of succimide is 0.008-0.012 weight part.
Contriver also finds surprisingly, simultaneously containing the trimethyl carbinol, succimide and 2 in ether-base fuel of the present invention, when 6-ditertbutylparacresol, these three kinds of additives can provide synergy, make ether-base fuel quality of the present invention more stable, the burning of fuel more fully, engine operating safety and power is sufficient.
Method for preparation ether-base fuel of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can obtain ether-base fuel of the present invention by chemical field routine techniques.When the preparation of ether-base fuel of the present invention is included in and comprises optional additive, adding of optional additive, and the mixing of dme and ethanol.Generally speaking, additive can be joined in ethanol, and then mix with dme.But, also first can carry out the mixing of dme and ethanol, and then add optional additive.For after add for optional additive, if need to stir, then should slowly stir.For the mixing of dme and ethanol, absorption column of gas usually can be adopted to obtain this mixing.Absorption column of gas is adopted to carry out liquid to the absorption of gas thus to obtain mixing of liquid and gas be the routine techniques of chemical field.The acquisition of ether-base fuel of the present invention adopts the method for physical absorption to obtain, and only relates to the absorption of ethanol to dme.Generally speaking, usually select counter-current absorption, carry out the preparation of ether-base fuel of the present invention.The present invention, for selection not any restriction on absorption tower, can select packing tower, tray column.The present invention for acceptance condition equally without any restriction, chemical engineering technicians in the face of ethanol to these specific purposes of the absorption of gas of dimethyl ether time, can according to basic chemical industry principle, and required relative content comes Selective absorber tower and acceptance condition.Typically, conventional normal temperature absorbs and can complete the absorption of ethanol to dme.
This absorption process can be summarized as follows: gas of dimethyl ether is entered bottom absorption tower through measuring fixed amount equipment (as gas distributor); Meanwhile, ethanol (or being pre-mixed the ethanol of optional additive) is added from tower top, and gas-liquid two-phase is countercurrent flow in absorption tower, and directly and fully contact, make gas of dimethyl ether absorb by ethanol.According to the selection on absorption tower and the difference of efficiency thereof, one way can be adopted to absorb or cyclic absorption.For cyclic absorption, the ethanol (and optionally containing additive) containing dme out at the bottom of tower again conveying can be got back to tower top and is incorporated in tower, tower top gas is out carried again and to get back at the bottom of tower and to be incorporated in tower, repeat the absorption process of gas of dimethyl ether thus.This repeat absorb can carry out repeatedly as required.But those skilled in the art also can know, absorbed by the one way on absorption tower and just can substantially dme is dissolved in ethanol, the dme content needed for acquisition and without the need to repeating absorption.
The stability of ether-base fuel of the present invention is far away higher than regular gasoline.This can be proved from the inductive phase after ether-base fuel long storage time of the present invention and gum level.
The present inventor finds, ether-base fuel of the present invention has elevated oxygen level, low-steam pressure, low-sulfur, low benzene, low aromatic hydrocarbons and unleaded advantage.Ether-base fuel of the present invention may be used for existing vehicle, and without the need to changing engine structure.
A second aspect of the present invention
In a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention relates to a kind of propellant combination, comprise ether-base fuel of the present invention and other fuel, such as, at least one in gasoline and solvent oil.Propellant combination of the present invention also may be used for the fuel of automobile fuel or other vehicles or power-equipment.
Be respectively gasoline, solvent oil or its situation about combining to other fuel to be below described.
other fuel is gasoline
Contriver finds, ether-base fuel of the present invention can use as fuel separately, for engine, and particularly petrol engine.Therefore, ether-base fuel of the present invention can replace gasoline to be used for automobile fuel completely.But, also can by ether-base fuel of the present invention and the conventional gasoline that use, so methanol gasoline or ethanol petrol used in combination, for the fuel of automobile fuel or other vehicles or power-equipment.Therefore, propellant combination of the present invention can comprise ether-base fuel and the gasoline of first aspect present invention.
When by ether-base fuel of the present invention and gasoline mixture, the blending ratio of ether-base fuel of the present invention and gasoline can regulate arbitrarily as required.
Generally speaking, comprise in the propellant combination of gasoline in second aspect present invention, the content of ether-base fuel of the present invention can be 1-99 % by weight, based on the gross weight of propellant combination.Preferably, the content of ether-base fuel of the present invention can be 10-90 % by weight, more preferably 30-70 % by weight, based on the gross weight of propellant combination.Preferably, the content of gasoline should be 90-10 % by weight mutually, more preferably 70-30 % by weight.
May be used for the gasoline of second aspect present invention, can be such as regular gasoline, and methanol gasoline or ethanol petrol, particularly motor spirit.The label of these gasoline can be such as No. 90, No. 93, No. 97, No. 100, No. 103.
In this application, regular gasoline refers to the gasoline not adding dme, methyl alcohol or ethanol.Methanol gasoline and ethanol petrol refer to the gasoline adding methyl alcohol or ethanol respectively.Owing to adding ethanol in ethanol petrol, when ether-base fuel of the present invention and ethanol petrol mixture are used, in ethanol petrol with ethanol can change dme and the proportion of ethanol of ether-base fuel of the present invention.Therefore, when ether-base fuel of the present invention and ethanol petrol mixture are used, according to actual conditions and purposes, need to consider the ethanol content in ethanol petrol, finally determine the blending ratio of ether-base fuel of the present invention and ethanol petrol.Or, when ether-base fuel of the present invention and ethanol petrol mixture are used, according to actual conditions and purposes, need to consider the ethanol content in ethanol petrol, to guarantee that the introducing of ethanol in ethanol petrol can not cause the content of dme and ethanol in ether-base fuel of the present invention ratio to depart from scope of the present invention.Generally speaking, be in the preferable range of 4-15 (such as 5-10) weight part (total with 100 parts by weight of ethanol and dme) to make the dme content of ether-base fuel of the present invention, when using ethanol petrol, the blending ratio of ethanol petrol is no more than 50%.
Such as, when ethanol petrol contains the ethanol of 15 % by weight, should consider the ratio of used dme time used in combination, ensure the fuel performance of mixed propellant combination, then the blending ratio of ethanol petrol is no more than 50% of ether-base fuel of the present invention.
Generally speaking, ether-base fuel of the present invention can with regular gasoline with arbitrary proportion mixture.Preferably, ether-base fuel of the present invention and regular gasoline with 10: 90 to 90: 10 part by weight mixture.More preferably, ether-base fuel of the present invention and regular gasoline with 20: 80 to 80: 20 part by weight mixture.More preferably, ether-base fuel of the present invention and regular gasoline with 30: 70 to 70: 30 part by weight mixture.
When the blending ratio of ether-base fuel is up to 80%, when namely 80 weight part ether-base fuel of the present invention mixes with the regular gasoline (such as No. 90 gasoline) of 20 weight parts, the propellant combination steady quality obtained, can normal temperature preserve 1 year not stratified.
Method for the propellant combination obtained containing gasoline is not specifically limited.By being mixed with gasoline by ether-base fuel of the present invention, propellant combination can be obtained.Such as, ether-base fuel of the present invention can be joined in gasoline, or gasoline is joined in ether-base fuel of the present invention, or ether-base fuel of the present invention and gasoline are joined in independent container simultaneously, and mix, obtain propellant combination.Can use to stir slowly and promote mixing.
As mentioned above, because the octane value of ether-base fuel of the present invention is higher, usually more than 100, therefore, ether-base fuel of the present invention can be used to improve the label of regular gasoline.Such as, ether-base fuel of the present invention can be used make No. 90 gasoline or No. 93 gasoline to reach the standard of No. 93 or No. 97 gasoline respectively.
In addition, ether-base fuel of the present invention is used can also to improve the stability of regular gasoline.Generally speaking, the stability of commercially available regular gasoline is good not.By ether-base fuel of the present invention and commercially available regular gasoline compounding, the inductive phase of regular gasoline can be improved and reduce gum level.
Ether-base fuel of the present invention with 30% ratio and regular gasoline, or with 20% ratio and methanol gasoline or ethanol petrol used in combination time, the effect improving power and fuel saving can also be reached.Under the engine working conditions of same operating mode, the saving ratio of fuel can up to more than 10%.Use ether-base fuel of the present invention and gasoline mixture, substitute than bringing up to 0.7 to 1 (the alternative ratio of ethanol petrol is 1.6-1.7).Here, the weight part than referring to ethanol petrol or the ether-base fuel of the present invention replacing a regular gasoline to need is substituted.Further, use ether-base fuel of the present invention, exhaust emissions amount can be made greatly to reduce, thus excellent environment protecting is provided.
other fuel is solvent oil
Other fuel for the propellant combination of second aspect present invention also can be No. 180 solvent oils.Therefore, propellant combination of the present invention can comprise ether-base fuel and No. 180 solvent oils of first aspect present invention.
Solvent oil, in the oil industry, generally refers to the gasoline as solvent, comprises catalytic reforming and to raffinate oil or straight run wet goods obtains low octane rating through fractionation or other method for refining and is used as the oils of solvent.According to different purposes, there are rubber solvent naphtha, Extraction solvent oil and industrial solvent.In this application, solvent oil refers to refinery oil refining process front end, and namely temperature is that the lightweight of 30-70 DEG C distillates composition.General petroleum spirit usually by its 98% recovered temperature or do 100% recovered temperature) be divided into the trades mark such as 70,90,120,180,190,200.
Preferably use No. 180 solvent oils in this application, also known as aviation washing oil, its refining degree is comparatively dark, and boiling range is 40 ~ 180 DEG C.Use No. 180 solvent oils: one be compatibility good, two be cost low, three be have available octane number components and high volatile volatile material.
Generally speaking, in propellant combination of the present invention, the ratio of ether-base fuel and No. 180 solvent oils can be arbitrary proportion.Preferably, the part by weight of ether-base fuel and No. 180 solvent oils is 90: 10, and more preferably, the part by weight of ether-base fuel of the present invention and No. 180 solvent oils is 80: 20.
When the blending ratio of ether-base fuel is up to 80%, i.e. during No. 180 solvent oils mixing of 80 weight part ether-base fuel of the present invention and 20 weight parts, the propellant combination steady quality obtained, can normal temperature preserve 1 year not stratified.
The propellant combination comprising ether-base fuel of the present invention and No. 180 solvent oils can as fuel, and particularly octane value reaches the fuel that can be used as automobile fuel or other vehicles or power-equipment of more than No. 90.
The method obtaining the propellant combination containing No. 180 solvent oils and ether-base fuel of the present invention is not specifically limited.By being mixed with No. 180 solvent oils by ether-base fuel of the present invention, propellant combination can be obtained.Such as, ether-base fuel of the present invention can be joined in No. 180 solvent oils, or solvent oil is joined in ether-base fuel of the present invention, or ether-base fuel of the present invention and No. 180 solvent oils are joined in independent container simultaneously, and mix, obtain propellant combination.Can use slowly to stir and promote mixing.
other fuel is the combination of gasoline and No. 180 solvent oils
Propellant combination of the present invention, except ether-base fuel of the present invention, also can comprise the combination of gasoline and No. 180 solvent oils.
All there is compatibility between ether-base fuel of the present invention and this two kinds of other fuel and between these two kinds of other fuel.Therefore, even if ether-base fuel of the present invention and this two kinds of other fuel are used simultaneously, also can as the fuel of the vehicles or power-equipment, the fuel of such as motor car engine.Propellant combination of the present invention is comprised to the situation of the combination of gasoline and No. 180 solvent oils, with above separately discussion only comprise gasoline or No. 180 solvent oil conditions are similar.But because the octane value of No. 180 solvent oils is lower, preferably the content of No. 180 solvent oils is no more than 20 % by weight of propellant combination gross weight.
Be not specifically limited for obtaining the method comprising the combination of gasoline and No. 180 solvent oils and the propellant combination of ether-base fuel of the present invention.By the combined hybrid by ether-base fuel of the present invention and gasoline and No. 180 solvent oils, propellant combination can be obtained.Such as, ether-base fuel of the present invention, gasoline and No. 180 solvent oils all can be joined in independent container, and mix, obtain propellant combination.Can use slowly to stir and promote mixing.
Employing specific embodiment is further described the present invention below.But the present invention is not by the restriction of these specific embodiments.
Embodiment
The raw material adopted in the examples below is as follows:
Dehydrated alcohol, content is greater than 99.7%, from Beijing Chemical Plant
Dme, content is 99.5%, from Hebei Ji Chun dme Development Co., Ltd
2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol, purchased from chemical reagent company limited of traditional Chinese medicines group
The trimethyl carbinol, content is greater than 99%, purchased from chemical reagent company limited of traditional Chinese medicines group
Succimide, content is 98.8-100.5%, purchased from chemical reagent company limited of traditional Chinese medicines group
Ether-base fuel embodiment 1
In ventional absorption tower, according to counter-current absorption method, by absorption of dimethyl ether in ethanol, obtain the ethanolic soln that dimethyl ether con is 5 % by weight, thus obtain ether-base fuel 1.
Ether-base fuel embodiment 2
Identical with ether-base fuel embodiment 1, in above-mentioned absorption tower, according to counter-current absorption method, by absorption of dimethyl ether in methyl alcohol, obtain the ethanolic soln that dimethyl ether con is 9 % by weight, thus obtain ether-base fuel 2.
Ether-base fuel embodiment 3
Identical with ether-base fuel embodiment 1, in above-mentioned absorption tower, according to counter-current absorption method, by absorption of dimethyl ether in methyl alcohol, obtain the ethanolic soln that dimethyl ether con is 12 % by weight, thus obtain ether-base fuel 3.
Ether-base fuel embodiment 4
Identical with ether-base fuel embodiment 1, in above-mentioned absorption tower, according to counter-current absorption method, by absorption of dimethyl ether in methyl alcohol, obtain the ethanolic soln that dimethyl ether con is 15 % by weight, thus obtain ether-base fuel 4.
Ether-base fuel embodiment 5
1g2,6-ditertbutylparacresol, 1g succimide and the 100g trimethyl carbinol are joined in the ether-base fuel 1 that 10kg obtains as mentioned above, gentle agitation, obtain ether-base fuel 5.
Propellant combination embodiment 1
In transparent vessel, above-mentioned for 200g ether-base fuel 1 is mixed with 1800g90 motor spirit (Beijing company of the China Petrochemical Industry produces) part by weight according to 10: 90, obtains propellant combination 1.
Propellant combination embodiment 2
In transparent vessel, above-mentioned for 400g ether-base fuel 2 is mixed with 1600g90 motor spirit (Beijing company of the China Petrochemical Industry produces) part by weight according to 20: 80, obtains propellant combination 2.
Propellant combination embodiment 3
In transparent vessel, above-mentioned for 600g ether-base fuel 3 is mixed with 1400g90 motor spirit (Beijing company of the China Petrochemical Industry produces) part by weight according to 30: 70, obtains propellant combination 3.
Propellant combination embodiment 4
In transparent vessel, above-mentioned for 1000g ether-base fuel 4 is mixed with 1000g90 motor spirit (Beijing company of the China Petrochemical Industry produces) part by weight according to 50: 50, obtains propellant combination 4.
Propellant combination embodiment 5
In transparent vessel, above-mentioned for 1400g ether-base fuel 2 is mixed with 600g90 motor spirit (Beijing company of the China Petrochemical Industry produces) part by weight according to 70: 30, obtains propellant combination 5.
Propellant combination embodiment 6
In transparent vessel, above-mentioned for 1600g ether-base fuel 1 is mixed with 400g90 motor spirit (Beijing company of the China Petrochemical Industry produces) part by weight according to 80: 20, obtains propellant combination 6.
Propellant combination embodiment 7
In transparent vessel, above-mentioned for 1800g ether-base fuel 2 is mixed with 200g90 motor spirit (Beijing company of the China Petrochemical Industry produces) part by weight according to 90: 10, obtains propellant combination 7.
Propellant combination embodiment 8
In transparent vessel, by above-mentioned for 400g ether-base fuel 1 and 1600g90 ethanol petrol (commercially available ethanol petrol, ethanol content is 10%) according to 20: 80 part by weight mix, obtain propellant combination 8.
Propellant combination embodiment 9
In transparent vessel, by above-mentioned for 1100g ether-base fuel 2 and 900g90 methanol gasoline (commercial methanol gasoline, methanol content is 15%) according to 55: 45 part by weight mix, obtain propellant combination 9.
Propellant combination embodiment 10
In transparent vessel, above-mentioned for 1600g ether-base fuel 2 is mixed with 400g180 solvent oil (buying in chemical plant, the East Sea, Beijing) part by weight according to 80: 20, obtains propellant combination 10.
Propellant combination embodiment 11
In transparent vessel, above-mentioned for 1600g ether-base fuel 5 is mixed with 400g90 motor spirit (Beijing company of the China Petrochemical Industry produces) part by weight according to 80: 20, obtains propellant combination 11.
Propellant combination embodiment 12
In transparent vessel, above-mentioned for 1600g ether-base fuel 1 is mixed with 200g90 motor spirit (Beijing company of China Petrochemical Industry produces) and 200g180 solvent oil (buying in chemical plant, the East Sea, Beijing), obtains propellant combination 12.
Storage characteristics is tested
1. above-mentioned ether-base fuel 1-5, the propellant combination 1-12 airtight preservation separately will prepared, at envrionment temperature hold over night, then Visual Observations Observations, does not find demixing phenomenon.
2. the above-mentioned ether-base fuel 1-5, the propellant combination 1-12 that prepare respectively are got 500g, then airtight preservation, preserve 1 month after-vision in envrionment temperature and observe, do not find demixing phenomenon.
Octane value is measured
According to GB/T5487 testing octane number of gasoline method (organon), carry out octane value measurement to the ether-base fuel 1-5 obtained and blend gasoline fuel 1-12 above, measuring result is shown in Table 1.
Stability test
The above-mentioned ether-base fuel 1-5 prepared and propellant combination 1-12 is placed 1 month at ambient conditions, then measures gum level according to GB/T8019, and measure inductive phase according to GB/T8018, measuring result is shown in Table 1.
Table 1
Table 1 (Continued)
| Embodiment is numbered | Component | Octane value (RON) | Gum level (mg/100mL) | Inductive phase (minute) |
| Propellant combination 1 | Ether-base fuel 1,200g | 93 | 3 | 1000 |
| No. 90 motor spirit, 1800g | ||||
| Propellant combination 2 | Ether-base fuel 2,400g; No. 90 motor spirit, 1600g | 95 | 3 | 1000 |
| Propellant combination 3 | Ether-base fuel 3,600g; No. 90 motor spirit, 1400g | 97 | 3 | 1000 |
| Propellant combination 4 | Ether-base fuel 4,1000g; No. 90 motor spirit, 1000g | ＞100 | 2 | 1300 |
| Propellant combination 5 | Ether-base fuel 2,1400g; No. 90 motor spirit, 600g | ＞100 | 1 | 1300 |
| Propellant combination 6 | Ether-base fuel 1,1600g; No. 90 motor spirit, 400g | ＞100 | 1 | 1500 |
| Propellant combination 7 | Ether-base fuel 2,1800g; No. 90 motor spirit, 200g | ＞100 | 1 | 1500 |
| Propellant combination 8 | Ether-base fuel Isosorbide-5-Nitrae 00g; No. 90 ethanol petrols, 1600g | 95 | 3 | 1000 |
| Propellant combination 9 | Ether-base fuel 2,1100g; No. 90 methanol gasolines, 900g | 95 | 2 | 1000 |
| Propellant combination 10 | Ether-base fuel 2,1600g; No. 180 solvent oils, 400g | 93 | 1 | 1000 |
| Propellant combination 11 | Ether-base fuel 5,1600g; No. 90 motor spirit, 400g | 97 | 1 | 1000 |
| Propellant combination 12 | Ether-base fuel 1,1600g; No. 90 motor spirit, 200g No. 180 solvent oils, 200g | 97 | 1 | 1000 |
A: in ether-base fuel 5 also containing the 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol of 0.01% of having an appointment, the succimide of about 0.01% and about 1% the trimethyl carbinol.
Vehicle 2 kilometers of test run(s)s
The fuel tank gasoline of Song Hua River automobile (Dongan 462 engine) is drained, above-mentioned ether-base fuel 1-5 and blend gasoline fuel 1-12 is respectively asked for 2 kilograms and put into fuel tank.Ignition trigger, examination combustion, after 10 minutes, carries out 2 kilometers of trial runs (road conditions are motorway, and average speed per hour is about 80 kilometers/hour).Above-mentioned operation result and employing No. 90 motor spirit (Beijing company of China Petrochemical Industry produces) are run situation during this automobile, compare according to item compared 1-4 below.This item compared 1-3 adopts to have driver's subjective sensation of 10 year driving age to judge.Project 4 adopts all discharges remaining fuel from fuel tank, and weigh, thus calculate oil consumption.
Item compared:
1. engine combustion situation
2. running state of the vehicle
3. whether vapor pipe discharges visible foreign (such as, black smoke etc.) (now need to lengthen vapor pipe, make officer can see tail gas from emission by exhaust pipe).
4. result is how compared with regular gasoline in oil consumption
Above-mentioned comparative result is listed in table 2.
In " engine combustion situation " one row of table 2, " ◎ " represents that engine combustion situation and No. 90 motor spirit are quite or more excellent; "×" represents that engine combustion situation is inferior to No. 90 motor spirit.
In " running state of the vehicle " one row of table 2, " ◎ " represents that running state of the vehicle and No. 90 motor spirit are quite or more excellent; "×" represents that running state of the vehicle is inferior to No. 90 motor spirit.
In " whether vapor pipe discharges visible foreign " of table 2 arranges, " ◎ " expression does not discharge visible foreign; "×" represents discharge visible foreign.
In " oil consumption compared with gasoline result how " of table 2 in row, " ◎ " represents that oil consumption and No. 90 motor spirit are quite or more excellent; "×" represents that oil consumption is inferior to No. 90 motor spirit.
Vehicle long distance running is tested
Repeat the test preparation of ether-base fuel 1-5 above and propellant combination 1-12, difference is that the consumption of each component is all increased to 20 times of former consumption, 600 kilometers of long distance test (DT)s are carried out for use in identical Song Hua River automobile, and for Audi A6 (engine model: Audi A62.4 discharge capacity motorcar engine is V-type 6 cylinder/6 valve electric controlled multi-point jet engine fuels.) carry out 800 kilometers of long distance running tests.And according to method above, evaluate Vehicular behavior.Long distance running test adopts section, expressway, and average speed per hour is 100 kilometers/hour.Evaluation result is shown in Table 2.Contriver finds when adopting ether-base fuel of the present invention and propellant combination to carry out above-mentioned test run(s), consistent identical good result is all obtained for short range, long distance and different car category, therefore, the result in following table 2 represents all results of test run(s) above.
Table 2
As can be seen from the result of table 1 and table 2, ether-base fuel of the present invention and the propellant combination containing ether-base fuel of the present invention may be used for various vehicular petrol engine, and oil consumption is identical with marketable gasolines or lower.The result of table 1 and table 2 have also demonstrated, and ether-base fuel of the present invention can be used alone, also can be used in combination with various gasoline.The result of table 1 confirms equally, and ether-base fuel octane value of the present invention is higher, and major part has all exceeded 100.Further, ether-base fuel of the present invention can be used for improving the octane value of regular gasoline or methanol gasoline or ethanol petrol, and improves the stability of regular gasoline or ethanol or methanol gasoline.Widen vehicle fuel scope.
Detection of fuel
Carry out boiling range, copper corrosion and lead content to above-mentioned ether-base fuel 1-5 and propellant combination 1-12 to detect.Wherein boiling range detects and carries out according to GB/T6536, and copper corrosion detects to be carried out according to GB/T5096, and lead content detects GB/T8020 to carry out.Detected result is shown in following table 3.
Table 3
Table 3 (Continued)
Table 3 (Continued)
Table 3 (Continued)
From the results shown in Table 3, ether-base fuel of the present invention and the propellant combination indices containing ether-base fuel of the present invention all obtain good result.
Emission detections
According to GB18285-2005, use Cherry SQR7080 automobile (engine model is SQR372FD) to carry out exhaust emissions measurement to above-mentioned ether-base fuel 1-5 and propellant combination 1-12, result shown in table is three mean values measured.
Measuring result is shown in following table 4.
Table 4
Table 4 (Continued)
Table 4 (Continued)
Table 4 (Continued)
As can be seen from Table 4, use ether-base fuel of the present invention and propellant combination, tail gas discharging pollutant is starkly lower than the national standard of China.
It is high that ether-base fuel of the present invention has octane value, and increase dynamic property, energy consumption is low, and cleanliness is high, and versatility is good, long quality-guarantee period, the advantages such as wide material sources.Because octane value is high, ether-base fuel of the present invention is more applicable for high compression engine, thus increases dynamic property.Generally speaking, ether-base fuel of the present invention due to octane value high, and raising calorific value component can be added in preparation, vehicle is being done to accommodation (minimizing air inlet, adjustment ignition advance angle) when, specific consumption reduces by 5%, mixes burning with gasoline is miscible, and specific consumption reduces by more than 10%.Ether-base fuel of the present invention is high oxygenated fuel, and owing to burning completely, automotive pollutant emission CO, CO2+HC can be made to reduce 50%-80%, and carcinogens benzene and sulfur discharge coefficient are 0.Effectively can remove vehicle fuel feeding, firing system carbon distribution simultaneously, extend the work-ing life of engine.The versatility of ether-base fuel of the present invention is good, not changing in engine structure and parameter situation, can directly use; And contriver finds turning air door down, when adjustment ignition advance angle, the power of engine can be improved further, and steady running.Carry out any ratio with gasoline and mix burning.The inductive phase of ether-base fuel of the present invention is more than one times of GB gasoline.Steady in a long-termly can preserve, storage, transport, sale and use link required time can be made to extend.
Claims (4)
1. an ether-base fuel, is made up of dme, ethanol, 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol, the trimethyl carbinol and succimide,
Wherein the content of dme is 4-10 weight part, and the content of ethanol is 90-96 weight part, and wherein the gross weight of dme and ethanol is 100 weight parts;
The content of 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol is 0.005-0.05 weight part, based on dme and the ethanol total amount of 100 weight parts;
The content of the trimethyl carbinol is 0.5-2 weight part, based on dme and the ethanol total amount of 100 weight parts;
Be 100 parts by weight with the gross weight of dme and ethanol, the content of succimide is 0.005-0.02 weight part.
2. the ether-base fuel of claim 1, wherein the content of dme is 8-10 weight part, and the content of ethanol is 90-92 weight part, and wherein the gross weight of dme and ethanol is 100 weight parts.
3. the ether-base fuel of any one of claim 1-2, wherein said ether-base fuel is automobile fuel.
4. the ether-base fuel of any one of claim 1-2, wherein said ether-base fuel is gasoline engine fuel.
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| CN201010000711.0A CN102127470B (en) | 2010-01-15 | 2010-01-15 | Ether-base fuel |
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| CN106190348A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2016-12-07 | 桂林福冈新材料有限公司 | A kind of ether-base fuel |
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| CN1230977A (en) * | 1997-07-01 | 1999-10-06 | Bp阿莫科公司 | Dimethyl ether fuel and method of generating power in dry low NOx combustion system |
| CN1618933A (en) * | 2003-11-20 | 2005-05-25 | 闵恩泽 | Low sulfur eleaning fuel capable of substituting petroleum oil |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1230977A (en) * | 1997-07-01 | 1999-10-06 | Bp阿莫科公司 | Dimethyl ether fuel and method of generating power in dry low NOx combustion system |
| CN1618933A (en) * | 2003-11-20 | 2005-05-25 | 闵恩泽 | Low sulfur eleaning fuel capable of substituting petroleum oil |
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