CN102121389B - An Anchor Cable Truss Prevention Method for Coal Roadway Surrounding Rock Collapse - Google Patents

Abstract

An anchor cable truss prevention method for coal roadway surrounding rock roof collapse, which belongs to the field of mining engineering or civil engineering, and mainly solves the problem of coal roadway surrounding rock roof collapse accidents. Body anchor cables and roof truss anchor cables are used to support the roof of the coal roadway, and multiple groups of side single anchor cables and side truss anchor cables are set at intervals to support the roadway sides. The whole design makes full use of the flexible construction of anchor cables. It has the advantages of less section occupation, short construction period, safety and reliability, saving money and strong prestress. The roof truss anchor cable can go deep into the maximum shear stress area at the top of the coal roadway to form a strong prestress. The side truss anchor cable can extend into the roadway The depth of the gangway is fixed with channel steel to form a strong prestress, especially for the reinforcement of damaged coal roadways, which is more advantageous than other methods.

Description

An Anchor Cable Truss Prevention Method for Coal Roadway Surrounding Rock Collapse

technical field

The invention relates to the field of mining engineering or civil engineering, and is especially suitable for the supporting technology required for the coal-rock coal roadway support in mining engineering or the tunnel support in civil engineering to control coal-rock roof caving and roadside surrounding rock collapse.

Background technique

With the advancement of science and technology, the bolt support technology of coal roadways is becoming more and more mature. Although the bolt support plays a great role in the coal roadway support in the early stage, the problems of poor flexibility and high cost have become increasingly prominent. So now there are some coal roadways that use bolts and anchor cables for combined support. For example, as described in Patent No. ZL200410041386.7, the combination of anchor rods and anchor cables is used to increase the truss support capacity of coal roadways. The anchor cables used in the truss are drilled at the angle between the roof of the coal roadway and the side of the roadway, the distance between the hole and the side of the roadway is 0, and there is no maximum shear stress area passing through the side of the roadway and the roof of the coal roadway, and through the double-hole connector The two anchor cables are not on the same axis. When a large stress is applied or the mine pressure is relatively strong, a very large shear force will be generated on the double-hole connector, resulting in damage to the connecting device.

Moreover, the anchor cables in the ordinary truss structure are all driven into the roof of the coal roadway through the steel belt. Although the support of the steel belt can play a good supporting role, when the mine pressure is strong, the steel belt will be damaged, thereby It will damage the overall bearing capacity of the steel belt, greatly weaken the bearing capacity produced by the steel belt, and will also damage the anchor cable or the anchor rod itself. Great improvement, but still can not fundamentally solve this problem that has not been effectively solved for a long time.

As the problems caused by bolt support become more and more obvious, it is found that the anchor cable can effectively replace the anchor rod for truss support of the coal roadway. Compared with the ordinary anchor According to the actual situation, it can be anchored into the deep stable rock formation; second, it has a large bearing capacity and can apply a large pre-tightening force, which is an effective active support method. The anchor cable construction is more flexible and can be combined with other support forms. It has the advantages of less occupied section, short construction period, safety and reliability, and saving money. It is especially advantageous for the reinforcement of damaged coal roadways compared with other methods. The roadway truss support and the damaged coal roadway lack the direct use of anchor cables to support its various parts.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a method for preventing and controlling the anchor cable truss of the coal roadway surrounding rock roof collapse. This technology uses anchor cables to fix the roof and roadside of the coal roadway respectively, and selects the maximum shear stress area of the coal roadway to arrange The anchor cable extends into the area, which can effectively solve the problem of roof collapse in the surrounding rock of the coal roadway.

A method for the prevention and control of anchor cable trusses against roof collapse in surrounding rocks of a coal roadway, wherein a plurality of second top trusses are arranged at intervals on the roof of a coal roadway, and each second top truss is connected to it by a top steel belt and a plurality of them and fixed to the depth of the roof The single anchor cable of the roof at the place, wherein the angle between the single anchor cable of the roof connecting the two sides of the roof steel belt and the vertical direction is γ; the coal roadway side is provided with a plurality of second gang trusses at intervals, each of which The second side truss is composed of side steel belts and multiple side single anchor cables connected to it and fixed to the depth of the roadway side. The angle between the side single anchor cables near the top plate and the horizontal direction is δ.

Wherein, the first top truss is also provided on the top plate, and the first top truss is located at a position different from the second top truss, wherein the first top truss is connected by an anchor cable to a locker and two cables are connected to it and extend obliquely outward. Roof trusses and anchor cables in the depth of the roof of the coal entry roadway.

Among them, the angle between the direction of the roof truss anchor cables extending into the depth of the roof and the vertical direction is α, and the distance between the drill holes of the roof truss anchor cables and the nearest side roadway is 600-2000 mm; the high prestressed anchor cables are laid at this position It can fasten the roof of the coal roadway and pass through the maximum shear stress area of the top rock strata of the coal roadway. It has strong shear resistance. The anchor point of the high prestressed anchor cable is located in the unbreakable three-way compressed rock body deep in the two shoulder pockets of the coal roadway. , is not easily affected by the separation and deformation of the roof above the coal roadway, and provides a reliable and stable bearing foundation for exerting high anchorage force. The other end of the anchor cable of the roof truss corresponding to the top plate is locked by the anchor cable connection locking device, and the parts of the two roof truss anchor cables exposed to the roof after locking are located on the same axis to form the first roof truss.

Wherein, the anchor cable connection locking device includes two symmetrical anchor cable locking parts for locking the anchor cable, and the two anchor cable locking parts are located on the same axis; and have two long side parts and two short side parts A long rectangular frame, wherein the two anchor cable locking parts are respectively fixed with the two short side parts, and are respectively located at the center of the two short side parts.

Wherein, each of the two anchor cable locking components respectively includes: a cylinder with a single hole, wherein the single hole is a wedge-shaped hole; and a locking plate for inserting into the wedge-shaped hole, the single hole A cylindrical body protruding outward from the short side portion of the long rectangular frame, wherein the locking piece is a truncated cone with a through hole, and the wall of the through hole of the truncated cone has an internal thread, or the truncated cone The through-holes have rough-surfaced hole walls.

Wherein, the locking piece includes a plurality of pieces of the same size and shape spliced into the truncated cone, each of which has a long groove for locking the anchor cable; and the groove wall of the long groove has an internal thread, Alternatively, the long groove has groove walls with rough surfaces.

Wherein, the lock piece is set on the anchor cable that has passed through the single-hole cylinder, and then the lock piece is pushed into the through hole of the single-hole cylinder by using a tension jack, and the inner space The length is greater than the sum of the length of the tension jack connected at one end of the long rectangular frame, the length of the exposed anchor cable end at the other end and the length of the assembly gap, and the width of the inner space is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the tension jack.

The first gang truss is arranged parallel to the side of the roadway corresponding to the second gang truss, and the first gang truss is provided with two gang truss anchor cables, and the two gang truss anchor cables are inclined outward through the channel steel and extend into the lane At the depth of the gangway, the angle between the direction of the anchor cables of the gang truss extending into the depth of the gangway and the horizontal direction is β. The distance between the drilling hole and the bottom plate is 500-1500mm. This position and angle are favorable for the anchor cable of the truss to pass through the maximum prestressed area in the depth of the roadway and improve the supporting capacity of the truss.

Among them, the supporting steps for the second top truss and the second side truss to set the single anchor cable of the roof and the single anchor cable of the side are as follows:

(1) Drill holes for the roof and side of the coal roadway respectively, and arrange the single anchor cable of the roof and the single anchor cable of the side. The angle between the drilling direction of the single anchor cable of the roof near the side of the roadway and the vertical direction is γ The angle δ between the drilling direction and the horizontal direction of the single anchor cable near the coal roadway roof or floor is 10°～15°, and the depth of the roof single anchor cable extending into the coal roadway roof is 3～20°. 15m, and the anchor cable of the gangway is 3-8m deep into the gangway;

(2) The roof single anchor cable and the side single anchor cable pass through the top steel strip and the side steel strip into the corresponding drill holes in the above steps; then each anchor cable is anchored with a resin medicine coil;

(3) Tension and pretension are carried out on each anchor cable with tensioning equipment.

Among them, the support steps for setting the anchor cables of the roof truss and the anchor cables of the side trusses for the first top truss and the first gang truss are as follows:

(1) The roof of the coal roadway is close to the side of the side of the roadway and the distance from the side of the roadway is 600-2000mm and the drill holes are respectively constructed and arranged on both sides. The angle α between the drilling angle and the vertical direction is 65°~75°, and the depth is 3~ 15m; the length of the single anchor cable near the roof of the coal roadway is 500-1500mm from the roof and the length of the single anchor cable of the side near the bottom plate of the coal roadway is 500-1500mm from the bottom plate. The angle β between the drilling angle and the horizontal direction is 5°~15°, and the depth is 3~8m;

(2) Roof truss anchor cable penetrates in the borehole of the roof truss anchor cable in the above-mentioned steps, and the side truss anchor cable passes through the channel steel in the borehole of the side truss anchor cable in the above-mentioned steps, and then wraps it with resin medicine roll Each anchor cable is anchored;

(3) Extend the parts of the two roof truss anchor cables exposed to the roof from the locking openings at both ends of the anchor cable connection locker, and make the tail ends of the two roof truss anchor cables on the same axis. Lock the anchor cable so that the length extending into the connecting locker is 200-300mm, and lock it with a special lock, and then use a tensioning machine to pre-tension the other end of the anchor cable, and the pre-tight force is not low At 120KN, the two roof truss anchor cables are connected as a whole to form a "concave" groove structure; the parts of the two high prestressed side anchors exposed to the roof are locked on the channel steel of the side of the road, and tensioned The implement is tensioned and pre-tensioned.

The anchor cable truss prevention method of the coal roadway surrounding rock roof collapse of the present invention is superior to the existing design and has the following advantages:

1. All the anchor cables are used for truss support of the coal roadway, which fully utilizes the advantages of flexible anchor cable construction, less section occupation, short construction period, strong prestress, safety and reliability, and money saving, etc., to improve the support of the truss to the coal roadway protection ability.

2. The second top truss and the second side truss are provided, which can produce prestressed truss support and have a good protective effect on the roof collapse of the surrounding rock of ordinary coal roadways.

3. A highly prestressed first top truss is also set between the second top trusses. The anchor cables of the roof trusses set by the first top trusses go deep into the high shear stress area at the top of the coal roadway, and the anchor cables are fixed more firmly, forming a strong The prestressing force applied by the truss anchor cables in the first roof truss is conducive to the multi-directional compressive stress state of the roof coal rock mass, which improves the strength and deformation resistance of the coal rock mass, so that The position of the neutral axis in the anchorage area is moved down, which reduces the deflection of the coal roadway roof and can effectively control the separation and damage of the mudstone roof in the middle of the roadway section. The load on the anchor cables in the first top truss can be continuously transmitted and a high pre-tension force can be easily applied. The support force for the mudstone roof is distributed reasonably in a wide range along the entire truss structure in a "groove-shaped" path. The weak mudstone roof Stress condition is good. Similarly, the anchor cables of the first gang truss also form a strong prestress, which has a good protective effect on the roof collapse of the surrounding rock of the coal roadway.

Compared with other methods, the whole design has more advantages especially for the reinforcement of damaged coal roadway.

The specific structure of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of anchor cable truss support of coal roadway of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the bottom view of the anchor cable truss support of the coal roadway roof of the present invention;

The front view of the overall structure of the truss anchor cable connection locking device in the present invention of Fig. 3;

Fig. 4 is a side view of the overall structure of the truss anchor cable connection locking device in the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view along line A-A in Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is the front view of the locking plate structure of the truss anchor cable connecting locking device in the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view along the line B-B in Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the assembling process of the truss anchor cable connecting the locking device and locking the anchor cable in the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the truss anchor cable connected with the locking device to lock the anchor cable in the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a side view of the roadside anchor cable truss support in the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a stress analysis diagram of the anchor cable truss support of the middle truss truss in the present invention.

Description of reference signs: 1-coal roadway; 2-roof; 3-roof steel belt; 31-side steel belt; 4-anchor cable connection locker; 5-roof single anchor cable; 6-roof truss anchor cable; 7-lane side; 8-channel steel; 9-side single anchor cable; 10-truss anchor cable; 11-long rectangular frame; 111-long side part; 112-short side part; 113-open interior space; 13-anchor cable locking part; 14-ear structure; 15-wedge-shaped hole; 16-lock piece; 16a-internal thread; 16b-through hole; 17-anchor cable.

Detailed ways

The anchor cable truss prevention and control method of the coal roadway's surrounding rock roof collapse all uses anchor cables for truss support, making full use of the anchor cable's flexible construction, less section occupation, short construction period, safety and reliability, and saving money, as shown in Figure 1. As shown, multiple sets of second roof trusses are arranged at intervals on the roof 2 of the coal roadway 1. The second roof trusses are an anchor cable-channel steel composite structure, and the second roof trusses are provided with roof single anchor cables 5, wherein One end of the anchor cable can be fixed by the roof steel belt 3, and the other end extends into the depth group of the roof 2, and each group of first trusses is provided with five roof single anchor cables 5 or more roof single anchor cables according to the width of the coal roadway 5. The truss composed of anchor cables and roof steel strips can play a very good supporting role, and the angle between the single anchor cables and the vertical direction at both ends of the roof extending into the depth of the coal roadway roof is γ, and γ is 10°～20°, 3～15m deep into the roof, forming prestress, effectively improving the support of the truss to the coal roadway, and preventing the surrounding rock of the coal roadway from falling; The single anchor cables 9 are fixed to the side truss formed in the depth of the side of the road 7 through the side steel belt 31 for support, and each group is provided with four side single anchor cables 9 or more side single anchor cables are set according to the height of the side of the road , the angle between the single anchor cable near the roof and the horizontal direction extending into the depth of the roadside is δ, δ is 10°-15°, and the depth of the roadway is 3-8m, forming prestress and protecting the roadside , to prevent collapse.

As shown in Figure 2, the first roof truss composed of two roof truss anchor cables 6 is arranged in parallel between each group of roof trusses. The two roof truss anchor cables 6 can be arranged symmetrically through the central axis of the roof, or according to the According to the setting of the rock strata, the two roof truss anchor cables 6 extend outward obliquely into the depth of the roof of the coal roadway 1, and extend into the maximum shear stress area of the rock stratum. The included angle is α, where α is 65°-75°, and the depth is 3-15m. The depth can be set according to the conditions of the rock formation and the requirements of the coal roadway to form a high prestress; the drilling hole for each roof truss anchor cable is the closest The side roadway side is 600-2000mm; it obliquely passes through the maximum shear stress area of the roof near the top of the coal side. The influence of roof separation and deformation above the roadway provides a reliable and stable bearing foundation for exerting high anchorage force. The other end of the two high prestressed anchor cables in the depth of the rock formation on the roof of the coal roadway 1 is connected to the locker 4 through the anchor cables to lock them, and the anchor cables of the roof truss after locking are stretched out. The top plate parts are on the same axis.

This method solves the problem of deep mine coal-rock coal roadway roof separation layer subsidence and roadside surrounding rock deformation, and the two roof truss anchor cables are integrally connected to support the roof, which changes the limitations of single anchor cable and bolt combination support , the method is simple, convenient and practical.

Fig. 3 shows the overall structure of the truss anchor cable connection locking device 4 in the present invention. As shown in Fig. 3, the truss anchor cable connection locking device of the present invention includes two symmetrical anchor cable locking parts for locking the anchor cables , wherein the two anchor cable locking components are located on the same axis.

Each of the two anchor cable locking components of the present invention respectively includes: a single-hole cylindrical body 13 , wherein the single hole is a wedge-shaped hole 15 ; and a locking plate 16 for inserting into the wedge-shaped hole 15 . The main body of the anchor cable locking part of the present invention is a single-hole cylinder 13, and the locking plate 16 is fixed in the wedge-shaped hole 15 of the single-hole cylinder 13 together with the locked part of the anchor cable when locking the anchor cable. Since the locking plate 16 cooperates with the single-hole cylinder 13 to lock the anchor cable, and is located in the wedge-shaped hole of the single-hole cylinder 13, the anchor cable locking part is regarded as the single-hole cylinder 13 below, and The lock piece 16 is considered as part of the single-hole cylinder 13 , that is, the single-hole cylinder 13 includes the wedge-shaped hole 15 and the lock piece 16 to be inserted into the wedge-shaped hole 15 .

Since the two locking parts are located on the same axis, when the two locking parts lock the anchor cable, the force of the anchor cable on the locking device is concentrated on the same axis, thereby eliminating the shearing force of the prior art The effect on the locking device.

Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 have shown the specific structure of the truss anchor cable connection locking device of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 5, the truss anchor cable connection locking device of the present invention also includes two long side parts 111 and two short The long rectangular frame 11 of the side part 112, wherein two anchor cable locking parts (that is, a single-hole cylinder) 13 are fixed together with the two short side parts 112 respectively, and are respectively located in the two short side parts 112 Center.

The short side portion 112 is an ear-shaped structure 14, as shown in FIG. 5 . Two long side parts 111 and two short side parts 112 constitute a long rectangular frame 11 with an open inner space 113 . The two locking parts 13 located at both ends of the long rectangular frame 11 are cylindrical structures with wedge-shaped holes 15 inside. The wedge-shaped holes 15 are through holes with gradually changing apertures. The outer diameter is larger than the inner diameter for anchor cables to pass through. The arc surface of the cylinder of the locking part 13 and the short side parts 112 on both sides are connected in any fixed connection such as welding, and the long rectangular frame 11 and the locking part 13 can also be cast as a whole, and the two locks The length of the tightening part 13 is greater than the length of the short side part 112, that is, the single-hole cylinder protrudes outwards outside the short side part 112, so that by increasing the contact area with the anchor cable, the locking force to the anchor cable is enhanced, and the anchor cable is strengthened. Reliability of truss anchor cables connecting lockers.

6 and 7 show the structure of the locking piece 16 . The locking piece 16 is a truncated cone structure, so as to adapt to the wedge-shaped hole 15 of the locking part 13. When the anchor cable needs to be locked, the locking piece 16 of the truncated cone structure is inserted into the wedge-shaped hole of the locking part 13 adapted to its shape. 15, thereby locking the anchor cable. The locking plate 16 has a cylindrical through hole 16a inside, so that the anchor cable can pass through, and internal threads, grooves or other structures 16b can be provided around the cylindrical through hole 16a to enhance the surface roughness.

Alternatively, the locking piece 16 of the truss anchor cable connection locking device of the present invention may include a plurality of pieces of the same size and shape that are spliced (or spliced) into the frustum of a cone, each of which has a locking plate for locking the anchor. A long groove for the cable; and the groove wall of the long groove has an internal thread, or the long groove has a groove wall with a rough surface. For example, the locking piece 16 includes two semi-conical truncated structures with the same structure, and each semi-conical truncated has a long groove 16a for the anchor cable to pass through. Internal threads, grooves or other structures 16b can be provided around the long groove 16a to To enhance the surface roughness, a truncated cone structure composed of two semi-conical truncated cones with the same structure is adapted to the shape of the wedge-shaped hole 15 of the locking part 13. When the anchor cable needs to be locked, the two semi-conical truncated cones with the same structure The locking piece 16 of the truncated conical structure formed by the combination of the platforms is inserted into the wedge-shaped hole 15 of the locking part 13 adapted to its shape, thereby locking the anchor cable.

The working process of the truss anchor cable connection locking device of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9 .

Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 respectively show the specific process of locking the anchor cable according to the present invention. As shown in Figures 8 and 9, connect the right end of the truss anchor cable to the locking device 13, insert the anchor cable from the open interior space 113 of the long rectangular frame 11 into the wedge-shaped hole 15 of the locking part 13, and then pass through the locking The wedge-shaped hole 15 of the component 13, and then the truncated conical structure locking piece 16 is sleeved on the end of the anchor cable located in the open internal space 113, and the locking piece 16 is pushed into the wedge-shaped hole 15 of the locking component 13 by using a tension jack, so that The anchor cable is locked on the locking part or the single-hole cylinder 13 at the right end, and a part of the anchor cable is located on the right side of the open space 113 of the long rectangular frame 1 .

Then repeat the above process from the left end (not shown) of one end of the truss anchor cable connected to the locking device, the anchor cable is locked on the locking part or the single-hole cylinder 13 at the left end, and a part of the anchor cable is positioned on the long rectangular frame 11 Open Space 113 on the left.

Therefore, the length of the open interior space 113 of the long rectangular frame 11 is required to be greater than the length of the tension jack connected at one end of the long rectangular frame 11, the length of the anchor cable exposed at the other end (that is, the anchor cable on the left or right side of the interior space 113) and the assembly The sum of the gap lengths; the width of the open interior space 113 of the long rectangular frame 11 is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the tension jack, so that the tension jack can be used to push into the locking plate 16 smoothly. Since the two anchor cables are connected coaxially, the truss anchor cable connection locker avoids the shear force generated when the truss anchor cable connection locker is locked, thereby avoiding damage to the connection locker. It plays a big role in the stability of the cable.

As shown in Figure 10, two side truss anchor cables 10 are arranged on the roadway side 7 between each group of side trusses. The side truss anchor cables 10 can be arranged symmetrically or according to the rock formation conditions. The steel 8 extends obliquely outward into the depth of the roadside 7, and the angle between the direction of the side truss anchor cable 10 extending into the depth of the roadside 7 and the horizontal direction is β, β is 5°～15°, and the depth is 3～8m , forming high prestress; the distance between the anchor cable drilling of the side truss near the roof and the top plate is 500-1500mm; the anchor cable drilling of the side truss near the bottom plate is 500-1500mm away from the bottom plate, which can also be determined according to the height of the roadway and the rock formation Drilling location.

As shown in Figure 11, the stress analysis diagram of the gang truss anchor cable truss support, through the stress analysis diagram, we can conclude that the gang truss anchor cable is set at a reasonable position and angle, and passes obliquely near the top of the coal gang The area of maximum shear stress on the roof. The truss is in line contact with the roof and continuously transmits force, and the anchor point is located in the deep compressed rock mass above the side of the roadway, forming a large structure with equal strength locking.

The stress analysis diagram of the roof truss anchor cable is similar to the stress analysis diagram of the side truss anchor cable, and will not be repeated here.

The support steps for setting the roof single anchor cable and the side single anchor cable in each truss are as follows:

(1) Drill holes for the roof and side of the coal roadway respectively, and arrange the single anchor cable of the roof and the single anchor cable of the side. The angle between the drilling direction of the single anchor cable of the roof near the side of the roadway and the vertical direction is γ The angle δ between the drilling direction and the horizontal direction of the single anchor cable near the coal roadway roof or floor is 10°～15°, and the depth of the roof single anchor cable extending into the coal roadway roof is 3～20°. 15m, and the anchor cable of the gangway is 3-8m deep into the gangway;

(2) The roof single anchor cable and the side single anchor cable pass through the top steel strip and the side steel strip into the corresponding drill holes in the above steps; then each anchor cable is anchored with a resin medicine coil;

(3) Tension and pretension are carried out on each anchor cable with tensioning equipment.

The specific construction process of the single anchor cable on the roof is as follows: if the diameter of the single anchor cable on the roof is 17.8mm, and the drill hole we use is 22mm, then there is a gap between the anchor cable and the hole, and then a length of 1.2 The resin anchoring agent of m is pushed into the borehole with one end of the anchor cable, and the other end is placed on the drilling rig, and the drilling rig is started to fully stir the resin anchoring agent in the borehole, filling the gap between the anchor cable and the borehole, and coal. In the cracks of the surrounding rock on the roof of the roadway, the cohesion of the surrounding rock in the anchor cable drilling hole and the firmness of the anchor cable extending into the rock formation have been achieved.

The anchoring process of other individual roof anchor cables and side anchor cables is similar to the anchoring process of the roof individual anchor cables, and will not be described in detail here.

The supporting steps for setting the anchor cables of the roof truss and the anchor cables of the side truss in each truss are as follows:

(1) The roof of the coal roadway is close to the side of the side of the roadway and the distance from the side of the roadway is 600-1000mm and the drill holes are respectively constructed and arranged on both sides. The angle α between the drilling angle and the vertical direction is 65°-75°, and the depth is 3- 15m; construction and arrangement of boreholes at the distance from the roof of the single side anchor cable near the roof of the coal roadway at a distance of 300 to 500mm from the roof and at the place where the length of the side single anchor cable near the bottom plate of the coal roadway is 300 to 500mm from the bottom plate. The angle β between the borehole and the horizontal direction is 5°~15°, and the depth is 3~8m;

(2) Roof truss anchor cable penetrates in the borehole of the roof truss anchor cable in the above-mentioned steps, and the side truss anchor cable passes through the channel steel in the borehole of the side truss anchor cable in the above-mentioned steps, and then wraps it with resin medicine roll Each anchor cable is anchored;

(3) Extend the parts of the two roof truss anchor cables exposed to the roof from the locking openings at both ends of the anchor cable connection locker, and make the tail ends of the two roof truss anchor cables on the same axis. Lock the anchor cable so that the length extending into the connecting locker is 200-300mm, and lock it with a special lock, and then use a tensioning machine to pre-tension the other end of the anchor cable, and the pre-tight force is not low At 120KN, the two roof truss anchor cables are connected as a whole to form a "concave" groove structure; the parts of the two high prestressed side anchors exposed to the roof are locked on the channel steel of the side of the road, and tensioned The implement is tensioned and pre-tensioned.

The anchor cable truss prevention and control method for coal roadway surrounding rock collapse roof collapse uses all anchor cables to carry out truss support for the coal roadway, and also has high prestressed truss roof single anchor cables and side truss anchor cables to solve the problem of coal roadway The truss support technology is provided in the aspect of surrounding rock fall and collapse, so that the truss support not only uses the combination of steel belt and anchor cable to support the coal roadway, but also supports the coal roadway alone through the anchor cable, and through the channel steel The combination of the anchor cable and the anchor cable supports the coal roadway, which greatly improves the truss support technology of the coal roadway, and because of the flexibility of the anchor cable, the truss support technology can be applied in various geological coal roadways.

Although the present invention has been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art based on the principle of the present invention. Therefore, any modifications made according to the principles of the present invention should be understood as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. Coal road country rock roof fall collapse the group the anchor cable truss prevent and treat method; It is characterized in that; Butt entry roof (2) is provided with a plurality of second top trusses at interval; Its each second top truss is by top steel band (3) and many top board monomer anchor cable (5) formations that are connected and are fixed to top board (2) vertical-depth with it, and the top board monomer anchor cable (5) that wherein connects top steel band (3) both sides is γ with the vertical angle; Be provided with a plurality of second helps truss to described coal lane (7) at interval; Its each second help truss by group's steel band (31) and many group's monomer anchor cable (9) formations that are connected and are fixed to lane group vertical-depth with it, be δ near the group's monomer anchor cable (9) and the horizontal direction angle of top board;

   Wherein, Top board also is provided with first top truss on (2); First top truss is positioned on the position that is different from second top truss, and the top board girders anchorage cable (6) that wherein first top truss connects by anchor cable that locker (4) is connected with it with two and outward inclining stretches into the butt entry roof vertical-depth constitutes;

   Wherein, the direction and the vertical angle that stretch into the top board girders anchorage cable (6) of top board depth part are α, and top board girders anchorage cable (6) boring is 600～2000mm apart from its nearside lane group (7); Described top board girders anchorage cable (6) with go deep into the corresponding other end of top board (2) through anchor cable be connected locker (4) with its locking, the part that two the top board girders anchorage cables (6) after the locking expose top board is positioned on same the axis, forms first top truss.
2. 2. coal road country rock according to claim 1 roof fall collapse the group the anchor cable truss prevent and treat method; It is characterized in that; Described anchor cable connects the anchor cable locking member that locker (4) comprises the locking anchor cable of two symmetries, and wherein said two anchor cable locking members are positioned on same the axis; And the long rectangular frame (11) with two long leg branches (111) and two short side part (112), wherein said two anchor cable locking members are fixed together with said two short side part respectively, and lay respectively at the center of said two short side part.
3. 3. coal road country rock according to claim 2 roof fall collapse the group the anchor cable truss prevent and treat method, it is characterized in that described two anchor cable locking members (13) comprise respectively: single hole shape cylinder, wherein said single hole are wedged hole (15); And be used to fill in the locking plate (16) in the said wedged hole (15); Described single hole shape cylinder outwards protrudes in the short side part (112) of said long rectangular frame (11); Wherein said locking plate (16) is for having the frustum of a cone of through hole; And the hole wall of the through hole of the said frustum of a cone (16b) has internal thread (16a), and perhaps the through hole of the said frustum of a cone has shaggy hole wall.
4. 4. coal road country rock according to claim 3 roof fall collapse the group the anchor cable truss prevent and treat method; It is characterized in that; Described locking plate (16) comprises the identical lamellar body of a plurality of sizes, shape that is spliced into the said frustum of a cone, and its each lamellar body has the elongated slot that is used for locking anchor cable; And the cell wall of said elongated slot has internal thread, and perhaps said elongated slot has shaggy cell wall.
5. 5. coal road country rock according to claim 4 roof fall collapse the group the anchor cable truss prevent and treat method; It is characterized in that; Said locking plate (16) is enclosed within and passes on the cylindrical anchor cable of said single hole shape; Utilize the stretch-draw jack that said locking plate (16) is headed in the cylindrical through hole of said single hole shape then; The length of inner space exposes anchor cable end length and fit-up gap length sum greater than stretch-draw jack length, the other end that long rectangular frame one end links to each other, and the width of said inner space is greater than stretch-draw jack maximum outside diameter.
6. 6. prevent and treat method according to the collapse anchor cable truss of group of claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 described coal road country rock roof falls; It is characterized in that; Help different lane, truss position group (7) to go up parallelly to be provided with first and to help truss with second; First helps truss to be provided with two group's girders anchorage cables (10), and described two group's girders anchorage cables (10) are through outward-dipping lane group (7) the depth part that stretches into of channel-section steel (8), and group's girders anchorage cable (10) direction and the horizontal direction angle that stretch into lane group (7) depth part are β; Group's girders anchorage cable (10) boring near top board is 500～1500mm apart from its top board, and holing apart from its base plate near group's girders anchorage cable (10) of base plate is 500～1500mm.
7. 7. the collapse anchor cable truss of group of coal road country rock according to claim 6 roof fall is prevented and treated method, it is characterized in that, described second top truss and second is helped truss that top board monomer anchor cable (5) is set with the supporting step of helping monomer anchor cable (9) to be:

   (1) respectively to butt entry roof and lane group (7) construction drill; And arrange top board monomer anchor cable (5) and help monomer anchor cable (9); Wherein top board monomer anchor cable (5) boring direction and the vertical angle γ near lane group (7) side is 10 °～20 °; Group's monomer anchor cable (9) boring direction and horizontal direction angle δ near butt entry roof or base plate are 10 °～15 °, and it is 3～15m that top board monomer anchor cable (5) stretches into the butt entry roof depths, and it is 3～8m that group's monomer anchor cable (9) gos deep into lane group (7) depths;

   (2) top board monomer anchor cable (5) and group's monomer anchor cable (9) are through top steel band (3) with help steel band (31) to penetrate in the above-mentioned steps in the pairing boring; With resin explosive roll each root anchor cable is carried out anchoring then;

   (3) use tensioner that each anchor cable is carried out the stretch-draw pretension.
8. 8. the collapse anchor cable truss of group of coal road country rock according to claim 7 roof fall is prevented and treated method, it is characterized in that, described first top truss and first is helped truss that top board girders anchorage cable (6) is set with the supporting step of helping girders anchorage cable (10) to be:

   (1) be to construct respectively and lay boring in both sides, 600～2000mm place at butt entry roof near lane group side and apart from lane group (7), bore angle and vertical angle are 65 °～75 °, and the degree of depth is 3～15m; Be 300～500mm place and be 300～500mm place apart from floor length apart from top board length near group's monomer anchor cable of butt entry roof respectively near group's monomer anchor cable of coal road base plate; Construction is also laid boring; Lane group's (7) bore angle and horizontal direction angle β are 5 °～15 °, and the degree of depth is 3～8m;

   (2) top board girders anchorage cable (6) penetrates in the boring of the top board girders anchorage cable in the above-mentioned steps, and group's girders anchorage cable (10) penetrates in the boring of the group's girders anchorage cable (10) in the above-mentioned steps through channel-section steel (8), with resin explosive roll each root anchor cable is carried out anchoring then;

   (3) part of two top board girders anchorage cables (6) being exposed top board stretches into from the two ends keeper that anchor cable connects locker (4) respectively; And two top board girders anchorage cable tail ends are on the same axis; Earlier an anchor cable is locked, making it stretch into the length that connects locker is 200～300mm, and adopts special lockset to lock; Adopt tensioner to carry out the stretch-draw pretension to other end anchor cable then; Pretightning force is not less than 100～180KN, and it is an integral body that two top board girders anchorage cables are connected, and forms " recessed " trench structure along whole truss; The part of two group's girders anchorage cables (10) being exposed top board is locked on the channel-section steel (8) of lane group (7), and uses tensioner to carry out the stretch-draw pretension.

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