CN102121306B - Differential type plastering device - Google Patents
Differential type plastering device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102121306B CN102121306B CN2010106029772A CN201010602977A CN102121306B CN 102121306 B CN102121306 B CN 102121306B CN 2010106029772 A CN2010106029772 A CN 2010106029772A CN 201010602977 A CN201010602977 A CN 201010602977A CN 102121306 B CN102121306 B CN 102121306B
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000026058 directional locomotion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明属建筑机械技术领域，涉及一种差动式抹灰装置，它包括灰浆输送机构、差动抹灰机构、摆动导轨机构、灰厚控制装置和万向支撑小车；所述差动抹灰机构套装于灰浆输送机构的螺旋输送器的套筒前端并沿轴向固定，并同灰浆输送机构一起通过支撑滑板安装于所述摆动导轨机构的支撑架板上，共同构成本发明的核心部件，所述差动抹灰机构由差动轮系结构变异而成，所述灰浆输送机构螺旋输送器将灰浆输送至套筒前端的中空小中心轮端面的离心甩灰叶轮上，使灰浆甩向墙面，本发明结构合理、性能优越、能较好地模拟人工抹灰、能实现建筑墙壁机械化抹灰。
The invention belongs to the technical field of construction machinery, and relates to a differential plastering device, which includes a mortar conveying mechanism, a differential plastering mechanism, a swing guide rail mechanism, a dust thickness control device and a universal support trolley; the differential plastering The mechanism is set on the sleeve front end of the screw conveyor of the mortar conveying mechanism and fixed in the axial direction, and together with the mortar conveying mechanism, is installed on the support frame plate of the swing guide rail mechanism through the supporting slide plate, which together constitute the core part of the present invention. The differential plastering mechanism is mutated from the structure of the differential gear train, and the screw conveyor of the mortar conveying mechanism conveys the mortar to the centrifugal dust-throwing impeller on the end face of the small hollow center wheel at the front end of the sleeve, so that the mortar is thrown toward the wall On the one hand, the invention has reasonable structure, superior performance, can better simulate manual plastering, and can realize mechanized plastering of building walls.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明属建筑机械技术领域，具体涉及一种建筑施工用的差动式抹灰装置。The invention belongs to the technical field of construction machinery, and in particular relates to a differential plastering device for construction.
背景技术 Background technique
墙壁抹灰是建筑施工中占用人力最多的工作之一，目前国内外仍然普遍采用的是人工抹灰工作模式，人工抹灰的抹灰质量和效率在很大程度上取决于工人操作技术和质量监督要求，人们长时间以来都在致力于墙壁抹灰的机械化以缩短施工工期和降低人工费用，至今已经出现了二百多项专利，但这些专利真正实施的并不多，人们根据其中一些专利所试制的抹灰设备，普遍存在用人多、掉灰多，操作笨重，换位移幅困难，抹灰工作难以连续进行，而且，由于墙面对地面的垂直度误差，这些抹灰机所抹出的墙面灰浆厚薄不均，挂灰困难，同时，由于这些抹灰机很难象人工抹灰那样依据墙面不平度来决定抹灰量的大小并加以压实，灰浆与墙壁普遍结合不牢，很难被用户所接受，极大地限制了其样机的产品化和相应技术的推广，如何较好地模拟人工抹灰工作过程的机械化抹灰装置一直是建筑工程技术人员所面临的难题。Wall plastering is one of the most labor-intensive tasks in building construction. At present, the manual plastering work mode is still widely used at home and abroad. The quality and efficiency of manual plastering depend to a large extent on the worker's operation technology and quality. According to supervision requirements, people have been working on the mechanization of wall plastering for a long time to shorten the construction period and reduce labor costs. So far, more than 200 patents have appeared, but these patents are not actually implemented. According to some of the patents The trial-manufactured plastering equipment generally employs a large number of people, loses a lot of ash, and is cumbersome to operate. The thickness of the mortar on the wall is uneven, and it is difficult to hang the plaster. At the same time, because these plastering machines are difficult to determine the amount of plastering according to the unevenness of the wall and compact it like manual plastering, the mortar and the wall are generally not firmly combined. , It is difficult to be accepted by users, which greatly limits the productization of its prototype and the promotion of corresponding technologies. How to better simulate the mechanized plastering device of the manual plastering process has always been a difficult problem faced by construction engineering technicians.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明为克服现有技术中存在的问题，提供一种结构合理、性能优越、能较好地模拟人工抹灰、能实现建筑墙壁机械化抹灰的差动式抹灰装置。In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a differential plastering device with reasonable structure, superior performance, better simulation of manual plastering, and realization of mechanized plastering of building walls.
本发明采用以下技术方案予以实现：The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:
一种差动式抹灰装置，它包括灰浆输送机构、差动抹灰机构、摆动导轨机构、灰厚控制装置和万向支撑小车；所述差动抹灰机构套装于灰浆输送机构的螺旋输送器的套筒前端并沿轴向固定，并同灰浆输送机构一起通过支撑滑板安装于所述摆动导轨机构的支撑架板上，共同构成差动式抹灰装置的核心部件，所述核心部件通过固定于万向支撑小车上的卷扬机构的钢丝绳绕经安装于摆动导轨机构上的连接板上的定滑轮吊装于摆动导轨机构两导轨之间，所述摆动导轨机构安装于所述万向支撑小车的支架上。A differential plastering device, which includes a mortar conveying mechanism, a differential plastering mechanism, a swing rail mechanism, an ash thickness control device and a universal support trolley; the differential plastering mechanism is set on the screw conveyor of the mortar conveying mechanism The front end of the sleeve of the device is fixed in the axial direction, and is installed on the support frame plate of the swing guide rail mechanism together with the mortar conveying mechanism through the supporting slide plate, and together constitute the core component of the differential plastering device, the core component passes through The wire rope of the hoisting mechanism fixed on the universal support trolley is hoisted between the two guide rails of the swing guide rail mechanism through the fixed pulley installed on the connecting plate on the swing guide rail mechanism, and the swing guide rail mechanism is installed on the universal support trolley on the stand.
所述灰厚控制装置由固接于导轨框架上的贴墙滚轮架、横向滚轮和安装于支撑架板下部的调节螺栓组成，所述万向支撑小车为整台机器的支撑部件和人力驱动行走部件。The ash thickness control device consists of a wall-mounted roller frame fixed on the guide rail frame, horizontal rollers and adjusting bolts installed on the lower part of the support frame plate. The universal support trolley is the supporting part of the whole machine and is driven by human power part.
所述灰浆输送机构由包括回转电机、联轴器和上料斗和螺旋输送器组成，所述上料斗安装于螺旋输送器尾部上方，螺旋输送器的尾端封闭，其绞龙轴通过联轴器与回转电机建立传动关系，前端敞开，其绞龙轴与前部的离心甩灰叶轮的叶轮轮毂通过滚动轴承建立支撑关系。The mortar conveying mechanism is composed of a rotary motor, a coupling, an upper hopper and a screw conveyor. The upper hopper is installed above the tail of the screw conveyor. The tail end of the screw conveyor is closed, and its auger shaft passes through the coupling Establish a transmission relationship with the rotary motor, the front end is open, and the auger shaft and the impeller hub of the centrifugal ash throwing impeller at the front establish a support relationship through rolling bearings.
所述差动抹灰机构包括经过变异的的差动轮系即大中心轮、系杆轮、小中心轮和若干行星轮以及抹灰构件亦即离心甩灰叶轮、摊灰辊、刮灰板、抹灰板和位于螺旋输送器上下两侧的两个驱动电机；所述小中心轮为中空结构，以便滚动轴承套装于所述螺旋输送器的套筒之上，所述滚动轴承的一端为锥碗结构，以便于和离心甩灰叶轮同心连接固定，所述离心甩灰叶轮由叶轮轮毂、若干叶片和连接板和环形密封板构成，叶片为逐渐转向以回转轴线为中心斜外侧周围区域的空间曲面，并通过甩灰轮环形压板与小中心轮固定连接，所述系杆轮以两个深沟球轴承套装于所述螺旋输送器的套筒之上，所述系杆轮的左端为齿轮，供下方的电机驱动，右端沿圆周均布若干(2-4个)系杆叉架，叉架上各固定安装一根行星轴，所述行星轮以滚动轴承安装其上，各行星轴端部固定安装有摊灰辊叉架，各摊灰辊叉架上安装有一个摊灰辊和一个刮灰板，刮灰板沿差动轮系回转中心偏心布置，所述大中心轮沿轴向设有两个内齿轮，左端齿轮供下方的驱动电机驱动，右端齿轮输出运动，大中心轮右端沿圆周方向均布有若干凸台，各凸台上设有一个或二个内孔，弹簧和抹灰板依次安装在孔内，所述差动抹灰机构的自由度为2，由两个驱动电机驱动，所述两个驱动电机所带齿轮分别通过与大中心轮和系杆轮的左端轮齿啮合而构成传动关系。The differential plastering mechanism includes a mutated differential gear train, that is, a large center wheel, a tie rod wheel, a small center wheel, several planetary wheels, and plastering components, that is, a centrifugal dust throwing impeller, a dust spreading roller, and a dust scraping plate. , a plastering board and two driving motors located on the upper and lower sides of the screw conveyor; the small center wheel is a hollow structure so that the rolling bearing is sleeved on the sleeve of the screw conveyor, and one end of the rolling bearing is a cone bowl structure, so as to be concentrically connected and fixed with the centrifugal ash-throwing impeller. The centrifugal ash-throwing impeller is composed of an impeller hub, a number of blades, a connecting plate and an annular sealing plate. , and fixedly connected with the small center wheel through the annular pressure plate of the ash throwing wheel, the tie rod wheel is set on the sleeve of the screw conveyor with two deep groove ball bearings, the left end of the tie rod wheel is a gear, Driven by the motor below, the right end is evenly distributed along the circumference of several (2-4) tie rod yokes, each of which is fixed with a planetary shaft, the planetary wheels are mounted on it with rolling bearings, and the ends of each planetary shaft are fixed A dust spreading roller fork frame is installed, and each dust spreading roller fork frame is equipped with a dust spreading roller and a dust scraping board. Two internal gears, the left end gear is driven by the driving motor below, and the right end gear outputs motion. There are several bosses evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the right end of the large center wheel, and each boss is provided with one or two inner holes, springs and plastering The plates are installed in the holes in sequence. The differential plastering mechanism has 2 degrees of freedom and is driven by two driving motors. Mesh to form a transmission relationship.
所述摆动导轨机构，包括相互平行的两条竖直导轨、上方和下方的连接板、支撑架板构成导轨框架，并由定位销孔中的销轴通过限制下支撑板的活动来限制导轨框架的翻转，所述上方的连接板上设置了定滑轮，所述支撑架板两侧与竖直导轨为滑动连接，所述卷扬机构固定于所述万向支撑小车的平台之上，所述钢丝绳绕经定滑轮与支撑架板栓接，在导轨一侧上方和下方各设置一个位置可调的行程开关。The swing guide rail mechanism includes two vertical guide rails parallel to each other, upper and lower connecting plates, and support frame plates to form a guide rail frame, and the pin shaft in the positioning pin hole restricts the guide rail frame by restricting the movement of the lower support plate The upper connecting plate is provided with fixed pulleys, the two sides of the support frame plate are slidingly connected with the vertical guide rails, the hoisting mechanism is fixed on the platform of the universal support trolley, and the steel wire rope The warp fixed pulley is bolted to the support frame plate, and a position-adjustable travel switch is respectively arranged above and below one side of the guide rail.
所述灰厚控制装置的四个贴墙滚轮架分别固接在所述导轨框架的上方、下方的连接板两侧面并伸向墙面，在每个贴墙滚轮架上各安装一个轴线竖直布置的横向滚轮，使四个横向滚轮构成一个平面，所述调节螺栓的右端为螺纹-圆柱形结构，安装于所述支撑架板的下方凸起处的光孔之内，所述调节螺栓的端部用锁紧用双螺母限位并互锁，其左端带有调节螺母，并安装于所述支撑滑板的螺孔之内。The four wall-attached roller frames of the ash thickness control device are respectively fixed on the two sides of the connecting plate above and below the guide rail frame and stretched to the wall, and each wall-attached roller frame is respectively installed with an axis vertical The horizontal rollers are arranged so that four horizontal rollers form a plane. The right end of the adjustment bolt is a threaded-cylindrical structure, which is installed in the light hole at the lower protrusion of the support frame plate. The ends are limited and interlocked with double nuts for locking, and the left end is provided with an adjusting nut, which is installed in the screw hole of the supporting slide plate.
所述万向支撑小车车体上设置有左右平行分布的两个导轨支架，车体下方设置了四个万向车轮，车体前方设置了能翻转的摆动量调节板，车体后方设置了能翻转的限向制动杆和弹簧支撑板，所述两个导轨支架以销轴与导轨框架相联接，所述摆动量调节板上安装有能锁紧的调节螺钉，所述限向制动杆与车体凸起处铰接，一端设置有限向槽，另一端设置有配重球。Two guide rail brackets distributed in parallel on the left and right are arranged on the car body of the universal support trolley, four universal wheels are arranged under the car body, a swing adjustment plate capable of turning over is arranged in front of the car body, and an adjustable swing adjustment plate is arranged in the rear of the car body. Overturned direction-limiting brake lever and spring support plate, the two guide rail brackets are connected with the guide rail frame by a pin shaft, and an adjustable screw that can be locked is installed on the swing amount adjustment plate, and the direction-limiting brake lever It is hinged with the protrusion of the vehicle body, with a directional slot at one end and a counterweight ball at the other end.
本发明与现有技术相比具有的有益效果为：The beneficial effect that the present invention has compared with prior art is:
本发明的差动式抹灰装置，以模拟人工抹灰的工作过程为基础实现抹灰机械化，即通过对差动轮系的创新变异，通过螺旋输送供料、离心甩灰叶轮甩灰，摊灰辊滚压摊开、刮灰板刮平和弹性抹灰压实的连续工作过程，满足提高抹灰效率，灰浆与墙壁结合性好的要求，同时，所设计的摆动导轨机构和灰厚控制机构满足了墙体与地面的垂直度变动误差，以现实墙面为基底，厚度均匀而且省灰浆，所设计的万向支撑小车既可以通过两后轮的限向实现定向运动，掀开限向制动杆又可以以灰厚控制装置的横向滚轮为导向与之协调沿墙面运动，实现了抹灰机的连续工作The differential plastering device of the present invention realizes the mechanization of plastering based on simulating the working process of manual plastering, that is, through the innovation and variation of the differential gear train, the material is conveyed by the screw, the centrifugal ash-throwing impeller throws the ash, and the ash is spread. The continuous working process of ash roller rolling, plaster scraping and elastic plastering compaction meets the requirements of improving plastering efficiency and good combination of mortar and wall. At the same time, the designed swing guide mechanism and ash thickness control mechanism It satisfies the variation error of the verticality between the wall and the ground. With the actual wall as the base, the thickness is uniform and the mortar is saved. The designed universal support trolley can realize directional movement through the limitation of the two rear wheels, and lift the limitation of direction. The moving rod can move along the wall in coordination with the horizontal roller of the ash thickness control device, realizing the continuous work of the plastering machine
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本发明差动式抹灰装置的主视图；Fig. 1 is the front view of differential plastering device of the present invention;
图2为本发明差动式抹灰装置的右视图；Fig. 2 is the right view of the differential plastering device of the present invention;
图3为本发明差动式抹灰装置的俯视图；Fig. 3 is the top view of the differential plastering device of the present invention;
图4为本发明差动式抹灰装置中差动抹灰机构的局部放大图。Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of the differential plastering mechanism in the differential plastering device of the present invention.
图中各部件说明：Description of the components in the figure:
1、螺旋输送器，2、支撑滑板，3、支撑架板，4、贴墙滚轮架，5、横向滚轮，6、大中心轮，7、系杆轮，8、行星轮，9、小中心轮，10、滚动轴承11、离心甩灰叶轮，12、叶轮轮毂，13、刮灰板，14、叶片，15、甩灰轮环形压板，16、深沟球轴承，17、摊灰辊，18、行星轴，19、摊灰辊叉架，20、凸台，21、抹灰板，22、弹簧，23、齿轮，24、驱动电机，25、行程开关，26、下支撑板，27、万向轮，28、定位销孔，29、卷扬机构，30、万向支撑小车，31、限向槽，32、限向制动杆，33、配重球，34、销轴，35、锁紧用双螺母，36、调节螺栓，37、调节螺母，38、回转电机，39、联轴器，40、绞龙轴，41、上料斗，42、钢丝绳，43、定滑轮，44、连接板，45、环形密封板，46、刮灰板，47、竖直导轨，48、导轨支架，49、摆动量调节板，50、调节螺钉。1. Screw conveyor, 2. Support slide, 3. Support frame, 4. Wall-mounted roller frame, 5. Horizontal roller, 6. Large center wheel, 7. Tie rod wheel, 8. Planetary wheel, 9. Small center Wheel, 10, rolling bearing, 11, centrifugal ash-throwing impeller, 12, impeller hub, 13, ash-scraping plate, 14, blade, 15, ring-shaped pressure plate of ash-throwing wheel, 16, deep groove ball bearing, 17, ash spreading roller, 18, Planetary shaft, 19, ash spreading roller yoke, 20, boss, 21, plastering board, 22, spring, 23, gear, 24, drive motor, 25, travel switch, 26, lower support plate, 27, universal Wheel, 28, positioning pin hole, 29, hoisting mechanism, 30, universal support trolley, 31, limiting groove, 32, limiting brake lever, 33, counterweight ball, 34, pin shaft, 35, for locking Double nut, 36, adjusting bolt, 37, adjusting nut, 38, rotary motor, 39, shaft coupling, 40, auger shaft, 41, upper hopper, 42, wire rope, 43, fixed pulley, 44, connecting plate, 45 , ring sealing plate, 46, dust scraper, 47, vertical guide rail, 48, guide rail support, 49, swing amount adjusting plate, 50, adjusting screw.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的详细说明。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
参见图1、图2、图3、图4。See Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4.
本发明一种差动式抹灰装置，它包括灰浆输送机构、差动抹灰机构、摆动导轨机构、灰厚控制装置和万向支撑小车；所述差动抹灰机构套装于灰浆输送机构的螺旋输送器1的套筒前端并沿轴向固定，并同灰浆输送机构一起通过支撑滑板2安装于所述摆动导轨机构的支撑架板3上，共同构成差动式抹灰装置的核心部件，所述核心部件通过固定于万向支撑小车上的卷扬机构29的钢丝绳42绕经安装于摆动导轨机构上的连接板44上的定滑轮43吊装于摆动导轨机构两导轨之间，所述摆动导轨机构安装于所述万向支撑小车的导轨支架48上。The present invention is a differential plastering device, which comprises a mortar conveying mechanism, a differential plastering mechanism, a swing guide rail mechanism, a dust thickness control device and a universal support trolley; The front end of the sleeve of the screw conveyor 1 is fixed in the axial direction, and is installed on the support frame plate 3 of the swing guide rail mechanism together with the mortar conveying mechanism through the supporting slide plate 2, and together constitutes the core component of the differential plastering device. The core component is hoisted between the two guide rails of the swing guide rail mechanism through the steel wire rope 42 of the hoisting mechanism 29 fixed on the universal support trolley, passing through the fixed pulley 43 installed on the connecting plate 44 of the swing guide rail mechanism. The mechanism is installed on the guide rail bracket 48 of the universal support trolley.
所述灰厚控制装置由固接于导轨框架上的贴墙滚轮架4、横向滚轮5和安装于支撑架板3下部的调节螺栓36组成，所述万向支撑小车为整台机器的支撑部件和人力驱动行走部件。The ash thickness control device is composed of a wall-mounted roller frame 4 fixed on the guide rail frame, a horizontal roller 5 and an adjusting bolt 36 installed on the lower part of the support frame plate 3. The universal support trolley is the supporting part of the whole machine And human-driven walking parts.
所述灰浆输送机构由包括回转电机38、联轴器39和上料斗41和螺旋输送器组成，所述上料斗41安装于螺旋输送器1尾部上方，螺旋输送器1的尾端封闭，其绞龙轴40通过联轴器与回转电机38建立传动关系，前端敞开，其绞龙轴40与前部的离心甩灰叶轮11的叶轮轮毂12通过滚动轴承10建立支撑关系；The mortar conveying mechanism is composed of a rotary motor 38, a shaft coupling 39, an upper hopper 41 and a screw conveyor. The upper hopper 41 is installed above the tail of the screw conveyor 1. The tail end of the screw conveyor 1 is closed, and its winding The dragon shaft 40 establishes a transmission relationship with the rotary motor 38 through a coupling, the front end is open, and its auger shaft 40 establishes a support relationship with the impeller hub 12 of the centrifugal ash throwing impeller 11 at the front through a rolling bearing 10;
所述差动抹灰机构包括经过变异的的差动轮系即大中心轮6、系杆轮7、小中心轮9和若干行星轮8以及抹灰构件亦即离心甩灰叶轮11、摊灰辊17、刮灰板46、抹灰板21和位于螺旋输送器上下两侧的两个驱动电机24；所述小中心轮9为中空结构，以便滚动轴承10套装于所述螺旋输送器1的套筒之上，所述滚动轴承10的一端为锥碗结构，以便于和离心甩灰叶轮11同心连接固定，所述离心甩灰叶轮由叶轮轮毂12、若干叶片14(3-6片)和连接环板44和环形密封板45构成，叶片14为逐渐转向以回转轴线为中心斜外侧周围区域的空间曲面，并通过甩灰轮环形压板15与小中心轮9固定连接，所述系杆轮7以两个深沟球轴承16套装于所述螺旋输送器的套筒之上，所述系杆轮7的左端为齿轮23，供下方的电机24驱动，右端沿圆周均布若干(2-4个)系杆叉架，叉架上各固定安装一根行星轴18，所述行星轮8以滚动轴承10安装其上，各行星轴端部固定安装有摊灰辊叉架19，各摊灰辊叉架上安装有一个摊灰辊17和一个刮灰板46，刮灰板沿差动轮系回转中心偏心布置，所述大中心轮6沿轴向设有两个内齿轮，左端齿轮供下方的驱动电机24驱动，右端齿轮输出运动，大中心轮右端沿圆周方向均布有若干凸台20，各凸台上设有一个或二个内孔，弹簧22和抹灰板21依次安装在孔内，所述差动抹灰机构为自由度为2，由2个驱动电机驱动，所述两个驱动电机所带齿轮分别通过与大中心轮和系杆轮的左端轮齿啮合而构成传动关系。The differential plastering mechanism includes a mutated differential gear train, that is, a large center wheel 6, a tie rod wheel 7, a small center wheel 9, and several planetary wheels 8, as well as a plastering component, that is, a centrifugal dust throwing impeller 11, ash spreading Roller 17, scraping board 46, plastering board 21 and two drive motors 24 located on the upper and lower sides of the screw conveyor; the small center wheel 9 is a hollow structure so that the rolling bearing 10 is sleeved on the sleeve of the screw conveyor Above the cylinder, one end of the rolling bearing 10 is a conical bowl structure, so as to be concentrically connected and fixed with the centrifugal ash-throwing impeller 11. The centrifugal ash-throwing impeller is composed of an impeller hub 12, several blades 14 (3-6 pieces) and a connecting ring The plate 44 and the annular sealing plate 45 are formed. The blade 14 is a space curved surface that gradually turns to the surrounding area on the oblique outer side with the axis of rotation as the center, and is fixedly connected with the small center wheel 9 through the annular pressure plate 15 of the ash throwing wheel. The tie rod wheel 7 is Two deep groove ball bearings 16 are sleeved on the sleeve of the screw conveyor, the left end of the tie rod wheel 7 is a gear 23, which is driven by the motor 24 below, and the right end is evenly distributed along the circumference (2-4 pieces ) Tie rod fork frame, each fixedly install a planetary shaft 18 on the fork frame, described planetary wheel 8 is installed on it with rolling bearing 10, each planetary shaft end is fixedly installed with ash spreading roller fork frame 19, each ash spreading roller fork A dust spreader roller 17 and a dust scraper 46 are installed on the frame, and the dust scraper is arranged eccentrically along the center of rotation of the differential gear train. The big center wheel 6 is provided with two internal gears along the axial direction, and the left end gear is for the bottom gear. The drive motor 24 drives, the right end gear outputs motion, the right end of the large center wheel is evenly distributed with several bosses 20 along the circumferential direction, and each boss is provided with one or two inner holes, and the spring 22 and the plastering plate 21 are installed in the holes successively , the differential plastering mechanism has 2 degrees of freedom and is driven by 2 drive motors, and the gears carried by the two drive motors respectively form a transmission relationship by meshing with the left end gear teeth of the large center wheel and the tie rod wheel.
所述摆动导轨机构，包括相互平行的两条竖直导轨47、上方和下方的连接板49、支撑架板2构成导轨框架，并由定位销孔28中的销轴通过限制下支撑板26的活动来限制导轨框架的翻转，所述上方的连接板上设置有定滑轮43，所述支撑架板2两侧与竖直导轨为滑动连接，所述卷扬机构29固定于所述万向支撑小车的平台之上，所述钢丝绳42绕经定滑轮43与支撑架板2栓接，在导轨一侧上方和下方各设置一个位置可调的行程开关25。Described swing guide rail mechanism comprises two vertical guide rails 47 parallel to each other, top and bottom connecting plate 49, support frame plate 2 to form guide rail frame, and the pin shaft in the positioning pin hole 28 passes through the limit of the lower support plate 26. Move to limit the overturning of the guide rail frame, the upper connecting plate is provided with a fixed pulley 43, the two sides of the support frame plate 2 are slidingly connected with the vertical guide rail, and the hoisting mechanism 29 is fixed on the universal support trolley Above the platform, the steel wire rope 42 is bolted to the support frame plate 2 through the fixed pulley 43, and a position-adjustable travel switch 25 is respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the guide rail.
所述灰厚控制装置的四个贴墙滚轮架4分别固接在所述导轨框架的上方、下方的连接板两侧面并伸向墙面，在每个贴墙滚轮架上各安装一个轴线竖直布置的横向滚轮5，使四个横向滚轮构成一个平面，所述调节螺栓36的右端为螺纹-圆柱形结构，安装于所述支撑架板3的下方凸起处的光孔之内，所述调节螺栓36的端部用锁紧用双螺母35限位并互锁，其左端带有调节螺母37，并安装于所述支撑滑板2的螺孔之内。The four wall-attached roller frames 4 of the ash thickness control device are respectively fixed on the upper and lower side surfaces of the connecting plate of the guide rail frame and extend toward the wall. The vertically arranged horizontal rollers 5 make four horizontal rollers form a plane, and the right end of the adjustment bolt 36 is a threaded-cylindrical structure, which is installed in the light hole at the lower protrusion of the support frame plate 3, so that The ends of the adjustment bolts 36 are limited and interlocked with double nuts 35 for locking, and the left end is provided with an adjustment nut 37, which is installed in the screw hole of the support slide 2.
所述万向支撑小车车体上设置有左右平行分布的两个导轨支架48，车体下方设置了4个万向车轮27，车体前方设置了能翻转的摆动量调节板49，车体后方设置了能翻转的限向制动杆32和弹簧支撑板，所述两个导轨支架48以销轴34与导轨框架相联接，所述摆动量调节板49上安装有能锁紧的调节螺钉50，所述限向制动杆32与车体凸起处(即指限向制动杆与小车连接处那一部分)铰接，一端设置有限向槽31，另一端设置有配重球33。Two guide rail brackets 48 distributed parallel to the left and right are arranged on the car body of the universal support trolley, four universal wheels 27 are arranged below the car body, a swing amount regulating plate 49 capable of turning over is arranged in the front of the car body, and the rear of the car body A reversible direction-limiting brake lever 32 and a spring support plate are provided, and the two guide rail brackets 48 are connected with the guide rail frame by a pin shaft 34, and an adjusting screw 50 that can be locked is installed on the swing adjustment plate 49 , the direction-limiting brake lever 32 is hinged with the car body protrusion (that is, the part where the direction-limiting brake lever and the trolley are connected), one end is provided with a direction-limiting groove 31, and the other end is provided with a counterweight ball 33.
本发明的工作过程为：Working process of the present invention is:
利用摆动导轨机构使导轨倾斜以降低高度，方便在各个房间之间的移动，掀下限位制动杆32，万向支撑小车30的后两轮被约束为定轴线同轴转动，前两轮仍为万向轮，可以方便灵活地将本抹灰机移动至目标起点，到达待抹灰房间后将导轨支架48竖起，将摆动量调节回工作位置，依据墙面调节好摆动量，依据墙面高度调节好行程开关位置，将本发明的差动式抹灰装置推到抹灰起点，使各贴墙滚轮架4上的横向滚轮5顶住待抹墙面，掀开限位制动杆32使后两个万向轮自由，使本发明装置的工作部件处于下位，给上料斗41加满灰浆(上料斗容积可以保证上下一个来回所用灰浆)，开动上升按钮，则用于螺旋输送的回转电机38、卷扬机构的电机和差动抹灰机构的两个驱动电机24同时启动，螺旋输送器1将灰浆送向前端敞口之处，离心甩灰叶轮11将灰浆甩向墙面，摊灰辊17压实，刮灰板13刮平、抹灰板21抹光而卷扬机构升降抹灰位置不断变换，实现自下向上的抹灰工作，到达顶部时，支撑架板3的边缘触动上部行程开关，螺旋输送器1的回转电机38和卷扬机构的电机停止工作，以被抹墙面为导向(即移动中保持4个滚轮对墙面的压力)由人力将抹灰机沿墙面分向横向移动至新的待抹幅面，按下下降按钮，则螺旋输送器保持正向给料而卷扬机构的电机反转，刮灰板13、抹灰板21在重力作用下均匀向下运动，完成自上而下的抹灰工作，待抹至地面附近时支撑架板3的边缘触动下部行程开关，螺旋输送器1的回转电机38和卷扬机构的电机停止，然后横移本发明装置，上料、正向启动，如此反复将正面墙壁完成抹灰工作。Utilize the swing guide rail mechanism to make the guide rail tilt to reduce the height, which is convenient for moving between each room, lift the limit brake lever 32, and the rear two wheels of the universal support trolley 30 are constrained to rotate coaxially with a fixed axis, and the front two wheels still It is a universal wheel, which can conveniently and flexibly move the plastering machine to the target starting point, erect the guide rail bracket 48 after reaching the room to be plastered, adjust the swing amount back to the working position, adjust the swing amount according to the wall, and adjust the swing amount according to the wall surface. Adjust the position of the stroke switch for the surface height, push the differential plastering device of the present invention to the plastering starting point, make the horizontal rollers 5 on each wall-attaching roller frame 4 withstand the wall surface to be plastered, and lift the limit brake lever 32 make the rear two universal wheels free, make the working parts of the device of the present invention be in the lower position, fill up the mortar for the upper hopper 41 (the volume of the upper hopper can ensure the mortar used for the upper and lower back and forth), and start the rising button, then used for screw conveying The rotary motor 38, the motor of the hoisting mechanism and the two driving motors 24 of the differential plastering mechanism are started simultaneously, the screw conveyor 1 sends the mortar to the front end opening, and the centrifugal ash-throwing impeller 11 throws the mortar to the wall, and spreads the mortar. The plastering roller 17 is compacted, the plastering board 13 is scraped flat, the plastering board 21 is plastered, and the lifting and plastering position of the hoisting mechanism is constantly changing to realize the plastering work from bottom to top. When reaching the top, the edge of the support frame plate 3 touches the upper part Stroke switch, the rotary motor 38 of the screw conveyor 1 and the motor of the hoisting mechanism stop working, and the plastering machine is divided along the wall by manpower to be guided by the wall to be plastered (that is, to keep the pressure of the 4 rollers on the wall while moving). Move horizontally to a new width to be plastered, press the down button, the screw conveyor keeps feeding in the forward direction and the motor of the hoisting mechanism reverses, the scraping board 13 and the plastering board 21 move downward evenly under the action of gravity, Complete the plastering work from top to bottom. When the plastering is near the ground, the edge of the support frame plate 3 touches the lower travel switch, the rotary motor 38 of the screw conveyor 1 and the motor of the hoisting mechanism stop, and then the device of the present invention is moved laterally. Material, positive start, so repeatedly to complete the plastering work on the front wall.
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| CN102852325A (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2013-01-02 | 南通天华和睿科技创业有限公司 | Cement mortar construction device for construction |
| CN103726646A (en) * | 2014-02-08 | 2014-04-16 | 张春平 | Vertically and horizontally plastering machine of plaster coating |
| CN104631784B (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2017-02-22 | 山东建筑大学 | Self-positioning plastering machine |
| CN106930508A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2017-07-07 | 钱秀英 | It is a kind of can be in the mechanical float of irregular wall plastering |
| CN107756600B (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2024-05-24 | 上海师范大学 | Automatic water collecting and trowelling device for circular arc surface of cement duct piece |
| CN108118870B (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2022-08-23 | 长春理工大学 | Automatic spraying mechanism for building exterior wall coating |
| CN109736547B (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2024-07-30 | 重庆奉节兴园建设集团有限公司 | Building outer wall plastering machine |
| CN111042494B (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2025-04-04 | 济宁轻舟墅美建筑装饰工程有限公司 | Lifting and translation roller wall plastering device |
| CN113738071B (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2023-01-10 | 上海华滋环境科技有限公司 | A kind of application machine and application method of building wall green environmental protection putty powder |
| CN116622965A (en) * | 2023-04-26 | 2023-08-22 | 浙江杰德管业科技有限公司 | Solid solution furnace |
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| US6425952B1 (en) * | 2000-03-13 | 2002-07-30 | Vladimir Krapivner | Device for applying mortar on a workable surface |
| FR2869631A1 (en) * | 2004-04-28 | 2005-11-04 | Sarl Joel Lesca Et Fils Sarl | Cement application device for laying tiled floor, has guide adjusting width of applied cement, stripping plate controlling consumption of cement and thickness of applied cement, and handle permitting to displace device installed with wheel |
| CN101638936B (en) * | 2008-07-30 | 2012-05-23 | 张峰 | Hydraulic wall whitewashing machine |
| CN201347615Y (en) * | 2008-12-31 | 2009-11-18 | 淮滨县新宇机械加工有限公司 | Mini plastering machine |
| CN101597953B (en) * | 2009-04-16 | 2012-02-08 | 李启明 | Automatic leveling plastering machine |
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