CN102116897A - Cladded pumping optical fiber capable of efficiently adsorbing pumping light - Google Patents
Cladded pumping optical fiber capable of efficiently adsorbing pumping light Download PDFInfo
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- CN102116897A CN102116897A CN 201110053079 CN201110053079A CN102116897A CN 102116897 A CN102116897 A CN 102116897A CN 201110053079 CN201110053079 CN 201110053079 CN 201110053079 A CN201110053079 A CN 201110053079A CN 102116897 A CN102116897 A CN 102116897A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
- C03B37/014—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments made entirely or partially by chemical means, e.g. vapour phase deposition of bulk porous glass either by outside vapour deposition [OVD], or by outside vapour phase oxidation [OVPO] or by vapour axial deposition [VAD]
- C03B37/01413—Reactant delivery systems
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
- C03B37/014—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments made entirely or partially by chemical means, e.g. vapour phase deposition of bulk porous glass either by outside vapour deposition [OVD], or by outside vapour phase oxidation [OVPO] or by vapour axial deposition [VAD]
- C03B37/018—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments made entirely or partially by chemical means, e.g. vapour phase deposition of bulk porous glass either by outside vapour deposition [OVD], or by outside vapour phase oxidation [OVPO] or by vapour axial deposition [VAD] by glass deposition on a glass substrate, e.g. by inside-, modified-, plasma-, or plasma modified- chemical vapour deposition [ICVD, MCVD, PCVD, PMCVD], i.e. by thin layer coating on the inside or outside of a glass tube or on a glass rod
- C03B37/01807—Reactant delivery systems, e.g. reactant deposition burners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2201/00—Type of glass produced
- C03B2201/06—Doped silica-based glasses
- C03B2201/30—Doped silica-based glasses doped with metals, e.g. Ga, Sn, Sb, Pb or Bi
- C03B2201/34—Doped silica-based glasses doped with metals, e.g. Ga, Sn, Sb, Pb or Bi doped with rare earth metals, i.e. with Sc, Y or lanthanides, e.g. for laser-amplifiers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2203/00—Fibre product details, e.g. structure, shape
- C03B2203/10—Internal structure or shape details
- C03B2203/22—Radial profile of refractive index, composition or softening point
- C03B2203/23—Double or multiple optical cladding profiles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2203/00—Fibre product details, e.g. structure, shape
- C03B2203/10—Internal structure or shape details
- C03B2203/22—Radial profile of refractive index, composition or softening point
- C03B2203/26—Parabolic or graded index [GRIN] core profile
Abstract
The invention discloses a cladded pumping optical fiber capable of efficiently adsorbing pumping light and belongs to the field of manufacturing of a special optical fiber. The optical fiber comprises a fiber core, an inner cladding layer and an outer cladding layer from inside to outside sequentially, wherein the refractive index of the inner cladding layer is gradually reduced from the direction of the fiber core to the direction of the outer cladding layer; the refractive index of the fiber core is more than the maximum refractive index of the inner cladding layer; the refractive index of the outer cladding layer is less than the minimum refractive index of the inner cladding layer; and the section of the inner cladding layer is in a round shape. By the cladded pumping optical fiber, the problems of difficulty of the double cladding layer optical fiber with a step refractive index profile circle symmetric inner cladding layer structure in pumping adsorption and high splicing loss, low flexibility and the like of the double cladding layer optical fiber with a non-circle symmetric inner cladding layer structure are solved. In the invention, a rare-earth doped optical fiber has the characteristics of high pumping adsorption, low splicing loss, high flexibility and the like, is easy to manufacture and is very suitable for manufacturing a high-power pumping coupling optical fiber laser and a high-power pumping coupling optical fiber amplifier with high cost performances.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to special optical fiber and make the field, relate to a kind of be used for high-capacity optical fiber laser and fiber amplifier, to the double clad rare-earth doped optical fibre structure of pumping optical effective absorption.
Background technology
Since Rear Earth Doped Fiber Laser and fiber amplifier are born since its have efficiently, advantage such as succinct, stable, compatible strong, be widely used in numerous areas such as communication, medical, sensing and military affairs.Early stage Rear Earth Doped Fiber Laser and fiber amplifier adopt single cladding structure more, pump light is penetrated laser and propagates in doped core jointly with swashing, it is the fibre core pump mode, under this pattern, fibre core is the single mode type, core diameter very little (being no more than 10 μ m usually), so such fiber laser has beam quality preferably.But, under the fibre core pumping, being difficult to realize the injection of high power pump light, the output power of fiber laser usually little (tens milliwatts) is difficult to form powerful output.1988, people such as Snitzer proposed the cladding pumping notion in a creative way, for obstacle has been cleared away in the birth of high power fiber laser and fiber amplifier.The foundation stone of cladding pumping technology is the use of double clad doped fiber, and doubly clad optical fiber (DCF:double clad fiber) is to have increased one deck low-index material in the outside of original single cladded-fiber, forms the two-stage waveguiding structure.During work, inner cladding and surrounding layer constitute the one-level Waveguide Mechanism, large-sized inner cladding partly is used to admit high-power multimode pump light, and doped core and inner cladding form the secondary Waveguide Mechanism, contact with inner cladding pump light continuous with excitation under the powerful laser of output.
The most critical factor that realizes the cladding pumping technology is to improve pump absorption efficient.Under the cladding pumping, because the area of doped core is compared mutually little a lot with the inner cladding area, the inner cladding area generally is hundreds of times of the fibre core area even bigger, and it is the key that realizes cladding pumping that the multimode pump light with large spot radius is effectively absorbed by undersized doped core.Generally speaking, traditional doubly clad optical fiber with rectangular inner cladding structure, because " spiral light " effect, a large amount of pump lights concentrate on the zone beyond the fibre core, the pump absorption process is difficulty very, causes very low absorption efficiency usually.For solving this difficult problem, people have designed multiple inner cladding structure in succession, in order to break the circular symmetry of optical fiber inner cladding, reduce the influence that causes such as unfavorable factors such as spiral light, the symmetrical inner cladding structure of common non-circle has: D type, racetrack, blossom type, corner cut rectangle, regular polygon etc.Though the above-mentioned doubly clad optical fiber that these have the symmetrical inner cladding structure of non-circle has had significant improvement on pump absorption, but the bigger connecting loss of the normal initiation of its asymmetrical inner cladding structure, and reduced the suppleness of optical fiber, increased simultaneously the manufacture difficulty of optical fiber to a certain extent, therefore designing a kind of double clad rare-earth doped optical fibre that integrates high pumping absorption characteristic and the symmetrical inner cladding structure of circle, is very necessary to making high power fiber laser and fiber amplifier.
Summary of the invention
Difficulty and the problems such as non-circle symmetrical inner cladding structure doubly clad optical fiber high connecting loss, low suppleness of the symmetrical inner cladding structure of existing circle doubly clad optical fiber on pump absorption have been the objective of the invention is to overcome, a kind of higher pump absorption efficient that both had is provided, has the good characteristic that continues again, technology requirement simultaneously is relatively simple, is convenient to make the rear-earth-doped doubly clad optical fiber of high-capacity optical fiber laser and fiber amplifier.
The present invention has taked following technical scheme.The present invention comprises fibre core, inner cladding and surrounding layer from inside to outside successively, and wherein the refractive index of inner cladding is reduced to the surrounding layer direction gradually by fibre core, and fiber core refractive index is greater than the largest refractive index of inner cladding, and cladding refractive index is less than the inner cladding minimum refractive index.
Described inner cladding cross section is circular.
The refractive index of optical fiber inner cladding adopts gradual change type to distribute, and the refractive index of inner cladding concerns successively decrease variation to the surrounding layer direction according to tapering function by fibre core.Described tapering function can be quadratic function.
A kind of preparation method of the cladding-pumped fiber that pumping optical effective is absorbed, this method comprises the steps:
Utilize MCVD technology to make core segment, doped with rare-earth elements when fibre core deposits;
Utilize OVD technology to make the inner cladding that index step changes, and inner cladding refractive index is according to being reduced gradually to the surrounding layer direction by fibre core, the largest refractive index of inner cladding is finished preform and is made less than fiber core refractive index, and the graded of refractive index is mixed the fluorine amount by control and realized;
Preform is carried out wire drawing, at its outside polymeric material that applies refractive index less than the inner cladding minimum refractive index, constitute surrounding layer in the drawing process, make optical fiber form the double clad light guide structure.
In terms of existing technologies, the graded index inner cladding has the splendid effect of converging to input beam among the present invention, can realize contacting of pump light and rare-earth doped core in the inner cladding to the full extent, thereby has a good pump absorption characteristic, under the identical physical dimension, this optical fiber has the much bigger pump absorption coefficient of type of more common step-refraction index distribution inner cladding structure (as Fig. 2), is fit to very much the coupling of high power pump light under the end pumping.Secondly, because the outstanding pump absorption ability of this optical fiber does not rely on breaking of inner cladding symmetrical structure, thereby its inner cladding structure still can keep circular, so just, this optical fiber and the good matching properties of other optical fiber have been guaranteed, reduced connecting loss largely, simultaneously, compared with type such as unsymmetric structures such as D type, corner cut rectangles, the double clad rare-earth doped optical fibre of circular configuration has better suppleness, is easy to practicality.In addition, keep circular configuration also to make this doubly clad optical fiber in manufacturing process, save, simplified technological process, make the easier realization of making of this optical fiber because of breaking the additional step that symmetrical structure is introduced.Double clad rare-earth doped optical fibre provided by the present invention is particularly suitable for making high-capacity optical fiber laser and fiber amplifier.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the doubly clad optical fiber cross sectional representation;
Fig. 2 is that (inner cladding refractive index is even: step change type) for doubly clad optical fiber index distribution 2 dimension synoptic diagram;
(inner cladding is that graded index distributes to Fig. 3: gradation type) for doubly clad optical fiber index distribution 2 dimension synoptic diagram;
Fig. 4 is step change type and gradation type doubly clad optical fiber pump absorption coefficient comparison diagram (these data are calculated by strict mathematics model and got, and adopt incident pump beam, doped core radius, fibre core absorption coefficient, the inner cladding area of identical size during calculating);
Fig. 5 is 10 layers of structure inner cladding refractive indexs distribution, 2 dimension synoptic diagram;
Fig. 6 is 20 layers of structure inner cladding refractive indexs distribution, 2 dimension synoptic diagram;
Fig. 7 is 30 layers of structure inner cladding refractive indexs distribution, 2 dimension synoptic diagram;
Among the figure: 1, rare-earth doped core, 2, inner cladding, 3, surrounding layer.
Embodiment
For above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent more, the present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Provided by the invention have the high pumping absorption efficiency and the double clad rare-earth doped optical fibre of the characteristic that well continues.Its structure is followed successively by the rare-earth doped optical fibre core 1 that has homogeneous refractive index and distribute from inside to outside, has the inner cladding 2 that graded index distributes and has the surrounding layer 3 that homogeneous refractive index distributes as shown in Figure 1.Fiber cores 1 is rare earth ion doped district, it is the part that the light-initiated stimulated radiation of absorptive pumping produces laser (or to extraneous signal amplification), inner cladding 2 is the part of conduction pump light, wherein the cross section of inner cladding is circular, the refractive index of inner cladding is reduced to the surrounding layer direction gradually by fibre core, as shown in Figure 3.The outside surface of inner cladding is the interface of pump light waveguide.Fibre core 1 refractive index is greater than the largest refractive index of inner cladding 2, and surrounding layer 3 refractive indexes are less than inner cladding 2 minimum refractive indexs.
Fiber cores is made up of rear-earth-doped quartzy material, and inner cladding is made of with controllable refractive index distribution doped chemical quartzy, and surrounding layer is to have the polymeric optical material that low-refraction distributes, in order to the pump light in the constraint inner cladding.
The rear-earth-doped doubly clad optical fiber with graded index distribution inner cladding structure among the present invention, inner cladding are that graded index distributes, and whole optical fiber is made up of rare-earth doped optical fibre core, inner cladding, surrounding layer, and the inner cladding cross section is circular.Double clad rare-earth doped optical fibre inner cladding part is made of the quartz with graded index distribution, inner cladding adopts the graded index distributed architecture that pump light is had the effect of well converging, have the high pumping absorption characteristic, be suitable for making the high power pump coupled fiber laser instrument and the fiber amplifier of high performance-price ratio.Because the continually varying index distribution can't realize in actual process, the present invention realizes the inner cladding refractive index graded profile by the multistage spring layer distribution mode that index step changes, and makes inner cladding keep the circular configuration of low connecting loss, high suppleness.
Double clad rare-earth doped optical fibre inner cladding refractive index of the present invention adopts gradual change type to distribute, the refractive index of inner cladding concerns successively decrease variation to the surrounding layer direction according to tapering function (being generally quadratic function) by fibre core, its largest refractive index is less than fiber core refractive index, and minimum refractive index is greater than cladding refractive index.
Because the continually varying index distribution can't realize that in actual process the mode that the present invention adopts multistage spring layer to distribute realizes the effect of inner cladding refractive index gradual change, the preparation method of doubly clad optical fiber is:
1) utilize MCVD (modified chemical vapor deposition process (MCVD)) technology to make the rare-earth doped core part of double clad rare-earth doped optical fibre prefabricated rods, can carry out the doping of various heterogeneity rare earth element on demand when fibre core 1 deposition, its refractive index can be improved by mixing phosphorus or germanium altogether in the doped core zone.
2) utilize OVD (excellent outer chemical vapor deposition method) technology to make index step and change sandwich construction inner cladding 2, realize the graded profile of inner cladding refractive index, finish preform and make, the graded of refractive index can be mixed the realization of fluorine amount by control between each layer.
3) preform is carried out wire drawing, apply the polymeric material formation surrounding layer 3 of refractive index, make optical fiber form the double clad light guide structure less than the inner cladding minimum refractive index in outer fiber.
Embodiment 1:
Double clad rare-earth doped optical fibre of the present invention comprises fibre core 1, inner cladding 2 and surrounding layer 3 three parts, the refractive index of core region is evenly to distribute, and its refractive index maximum, the refractive index of surrounding layer also is evenly to distribute, its refractive index minimum, inner cladding is made up of 10 layers of quartz construction that refractive index changes from high in the end, as shown in Figure 5, the gradual change that realizes inner cladding refractive index by sandwich construction changes, the refractive index of inner cladding is reduced to the surrounding layer direction gradually by fibre core, fiber core refractive index is greater than the largest refractive index of inner cladding, and cladding refractive index is less than the inner cladding minimum refractive index.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 6, the structure of present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference only is: inner cladding is made up of 20 layers of quartz construction that refractive index changes from high in the end.
Embodiment 3:
As shown in Figure 7, the structure of present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference only is: inner cladding is made up of 30 layers of quartz construction that refractive index changes from high in the end.
The number of plies of stepped distribution inner cladding structure is many more, and inner cladding refractive index distributes approaching more continuous, but manufacture difficulty relatively also can promote.
Fig. 4 is step change type and gradation type doubly clad optical fiber pump absorption coefficient comparison diagram, and these data are calculated by strict mathematics model and got, and adopt incident pump beam, doped core radius, fibre core absorption coefficient and the inner cladding area of identical size during calculating.
More than a kind of cladding-pumped fiber that pumping optical effective is absorbed provided by the present invention is described in detail, used specific embodiment herein principle of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; Simultaneously, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, part in specific embodiments and applications all can change.In sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. cladding-pumped fiber that pumping optical effective is absorbed, it is characterized in that: comprise fibre core, inner cladding and surrounding layer from inside to outside successively, wherein the refractive index of inner cladding is reduced to the surrounding layer direction gradually by fibre core, fiber core refractive index is greater than the largest refractive index of inner cladding, and cladding refractive index is less than the inner cladding minimum refractive index.
2. a kind of cladding-pumped fiber that pumping optical effective is absorbed according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described inner cladding cross section is for circular.
3. a kind of cladding-pumped fiber that pumping optical effective is absorbed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the refractive index of optical fiber inner cladding adopts gradual change type to distribute, and the refractive index of inner cladding concerns successively decrease variation to the surrounding layer direction according to tapering function by fibre core.
4. a kind of cladding-pumped fiber that pumping optical effective is absorbed according to claim 4 is characterized in that described tapering function is a quadratic function.
5. the preparation method of a kind of cladding-pumped fiber that pumping optical effective is absorbed described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: this method comprises the steps:
Utilize MCVD technology to make core segment, doped with rare-earth elements when fibre core deposits;
Utilize OVD technology to make the inner cladding that index step changes, and inner cladding refractive index is according to being reduced gradually to the surrounding layer direction by fibre core, the largest refractive index of inner cladding is finished preform and is made less than fiber core refractive index, and the graded of refractive index is mixed the fluorine amount by control and realized;
Preform is carried out wire drawing, at its outside polymeric material that applies refractive index less than the inner cladding minimum refractive index, constitute surrounding layer in the drawing process, make optical fiber form the double clad light guide structure.
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Cited By (9)
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CN102998741A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2013-03-27 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十三研究所 | Active optical fiber structure for gaining application and achieving method thereof |
CN105899982A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2016-08-24 | 德拉克通信科技公司 | Single mode fibre with a trapezoid core, showing reduced losses |
CN108254828A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2018-07-06 | 福州高意光学有限公司 | A kind of doubly clad optical fiber |
CN108802898A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-11-13 | 法尔胜泓昇集团有限公司 | A kind of large mode field mixes ytterbium Active Optical Fiber and preparation method thereof |
CN110441862A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-11-12 | 桂林电子科技大学 | A kind of clutter reduction type multi-core optical fiber beam splitter of low insertion loss |
CN110903029A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2020-03-24 | 江苏法尔胜光通信科技有限公司 | Ytterbium-doped active optical fiber and preparation method thereof |
US10962708B2 (en) | 2017-12-21 | 2021-03-30 | Draka Comteq France | Bending-loss insensitive single mode fibre, with a shallow trench, and corresponding optical system |
CN113126201A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-07-16 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Single crystal optical fiber based on space shaping and processing method and system thereof |
CN116594101A (en) * | 2023-07-14 | 2023-08-15 | 武汉长进光子技术股份有限公司 | Axial absorption gradual change optical fiber and preparation method thereof |
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CN102998741A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2013-03-27 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十三研究所 | Active optical fiber structure for gaining application and achieving method thereof |
CN105899982A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2016-08-24 | 德拉克通信科技公司 | Single mode fibre with a trapezoid core, showing reduced losses |
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CN110441862A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-11-12 | 桂林电子科技大学 | A kind of clutter reduction type multi-core optical fiber beam splitter of low insertion loss |
CN110903029A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2020-03-24 | 江苏法尔胜光通信科技有限公司 | Ytterbium-doped active optical fiber and preparation method thereof |
CN113126201A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-07-16 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Single crystal optical fiber based on space shaping and processing method and system thereof |
CN116594101A (en) * | 2023-07-14 | 2023-08-15 | 武汉长进光子技术股份有限公司 | Axial absorption gradual change optical fiber and preparation method thereof |
CN116594101B (en) * | 2023-07-14 | 2023-11-03 | 武汉长进光子技术股份有限公司 | Axial absorption gradual change optical fiber and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20110706 |