CN102111703B - Diaphragm perforating type piezoelectric flat speaker - Google Patents
Diaphragm perforating type piezoelectric flat speaker Download PDFInfo
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- CN102111703B CN102111703B CN2009102442180A CN200910244218A CN102111703B CN 102111703 B CN102111703 B CN 102111703B CN 2009102442180 A CN2009102442180 A CN 2009102442180A CN 200910244218 A CN200910244218 A CN 200910244218A CN 102111703 B CN102111703 B CN 102111703B
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001252 Pd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000002469 basement membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- SWELZOZIOHGSPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium silver Chemical compound [Pd].[Ag] SWELZOZIOHGSPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of speakers, particularly relating to a thin piezoelectric speaker with a novel diaphragm structure. The structure of the speaker comprises a diaphragm, a piezoelectric ceramic wafer, an electrode, an electrode leading wire and a edge frame, wherein the piezoelectric ceramic wafer is adhered on the diaphragm; the electrode is arranged on the surface of the piezoelectric ceramic wafer; the electrode leading wire is connected with the electrode and an outer circuit; and the edge frame is used for restricting the diaphragm. The characteristics of the medium and low frequency section of the piezoelectric speaker are regulated through introducing single holes, single hole arrays, multiple holes, multiple hole arrays and porous symmetrical structures on the rectangular or round diaphragm, thus the distortion rate is reduced; the phase cancellation of medium-frequency range sound irradiation in space is lowered or eliminated; the evenness of the acoustic pressure level frequency response curve of the piezoelectric speaker is greatly improved; even if the acoustic pressure level at the distortion position is improved by above 25db, which is generated by the fact that the voltage applied on the frequency bandwidth of the distortion position is improved by 17 times, so that the sound quality of the piezoelectric speaker is better; and in addition, the rigidity and quality distribution of the diaphragm are improved, thus the output of the acoustic pressure of the speaker at the medium frequency range is obviously increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of novel piezoelectric loud speaker, in particular, relate to a kind of piezoelectric flat-panel speaker of vibrating diaphragm perforation structure.
Background technology
Loud speaker is a kind of electricity-Li-sonic transducer, and it is the critical elements in the stereo set.Loud speaker extensively is used in people's daily life at ordinary times, has brought a lot of facilities, and in the electronic product fields such as automobile, broadcasting, TV, audio amplifier, mobile phone, MP4, computer, the application of loud speaker almost is seen everywhere.The kind of loud speaker is a lot, and it is several to be divided into electrodynamic type (being moving-coil type), electrostatic (being condenser type), electromagnetic type (being reed), piezoelectric type etc. by its energy conversion principle; Can be divided into woofer, Squawker, high pitch loudspeaker by frequency range, wherein coil-moving speaker is most widely used.And piezoelectric speaker under the trend of current device miniaturization, has extremely bright prospect and future because of its little, thin, light characteristics.
The basic principle of the vibration sounding part of most piezoelectric speaker is: electrode is connected alternating current, because inverse piezoelectric effect, piezoelectric ceramic piece produces vibration, metal vibration diaphragm is occured bending and deformation, thereby produce vibration, and then promote air vibration, produce acoustic pressure, sound.
Compare with traditional moving-coil speaker, piezoelectric speaker has following some advantage:
1. do not need magnet in the piezoelectric speaker structure, do not disturb and impact thereby can not exist any magnetic field that circuit is on every side produced yet, can not receive grit from surrounding space yet.
2. the thickness ultrathin of piezoelectric speaker is compared coil-moving speaker, and piezoelectric speaker can be installed in the more flat space, and this point makes it have competitiveness in current market;
3. piezoelectric speaker has light characteristics, and weight is generally all less than 1g, than the light 50%-80% of traditional moving-coil speaker;
4. piezoelectric speaker is low in energy consumption, is generally less than 15mW, is the 1/5-1/2 of coil-moving speaker consumed power, and this has prolonged the battery life of device greatly;
5. the acoustic design of piezoelectric speaker is simple, and the back side only needs little room, need to be for the necessary cavity for improving sound pressure level of moving-coil speaker.
Possessing very large advantage than conventional loudspeakers when, also there are some shortcomings in common piezoelectric speaker, and this is mainly manifested on the tonequality relatively poor.Studies show that, the loud speaker that most of tonequality are good, its frequency response curve is smooth.And the first rank resonance frequency of traditional piezoelectric speaker (frequency that the peak is corresponding of frequency response curve) is generally higher, and low frequency characteristic is slightly poor, and namely the replaying bass effect is slightly poor.For example generally between 1.2kHz～1.4kHz, the first rank resonance frequency of the piezoelectric speaker of 20 * 20 specifications is generally between 600Hz～1kHz for the first rank resonance frequency of the piezoelectric speaker of 13 * 19 specifications.The the first rank resonance frequency mainly overall dimension with piezoelectric ceramic piece, basement membrane, tunicle is relevant with concrete the way of restraint.Traditional piezoelectric speaker generally has darker paddy at midband in addition, and distortion is large, lower tone thereby cause.For example the piezoelectric speaker of 13 * 19 specifications is near 10kHz, and the piezoelectric speaker of 20 * 20 specifications is near 5kHz, because the Mid Frequency acoustic radiation at the phase cancellation in space, directly causes sound pressure level to reduce more than the 30db.Typical piezoelectric speaker frequency response curve can find out that curve has an obvious deep valley about 5.5kHz be intermediate frequency paddy as shown in Figure 1, and the similarly not obvious intermediate frequency paddy of most of coil-moving speaker.In general, the first rank resonance frequency can be adjusted by optimizing the methods such as material, size, boundary condition, thereby expands the low frequency bandwidth, improves low frequency characteristic.And the improvement of intermediate frequency paddy generally has two kinds, or will move on to (for example more than the 10kHz) outside the voiceband of being concerned about behind the intermediate frequency paddy, or reduces and even eliminate intermediate frequency paddy in current frequency.With migration behind the intermediate frequency paddy toward will be from aspects such as structure, sizes, and the parameters such as structure, size are many-sided on the impact of speaker performance, when being postponed, intermediate frequency paddy is difficult to look after the performance index that other has been adjusted, usually to break existing design, and merely that several KHz of intermediate frequency paddy pusher are just very difficult.And reduce and even eliminate aspect the intermediate frequency paddy in current frequency, industry never has the method for simple general-purpose, the difficult problem that becomes that the restriction piezoelectric speaker applies and bottleneck.Because people's ear is relatively more responsive to the sound of Mid Frequency, the intermediate frequency paddy distortion that reduces piezoelectric speaker becomes the very crucial technology of designs.In addition, no matter be piezoelectric speaker or conventional loudspeakers, the importance that higher acoustic pressure is exported for loud speaker under certain driving voltage is self-evident.The correlation technique that overcomes the above problems also becomes the patent content that each enterprise lays special stress on protecting.
It is generally acknowledged that reason that intermediate frequency paddy produces is that vibrating diaphragm at loud speaker produces special mode of oscillation in some frequency range of intermediate frequency, the vibration of the vibrating diaphragm different piece vibration that the test point place produces single spin-echo on the axis of far field, thereby cause sound wave interference and cancel out each other, thereby the valley point of acoustic radiation appears.Can reduce and even eliminate intermediate frequency paddy by improving vibrating diaphragm in the mode of midband.Mode of oscillation is often closely related with the mass distribution of vibrating diaphragm, it is not only simple to remove some materials at the ad-hoc location (such as four corners or mid portion) of vibrating diaphragm, and can reach and improve piezoelectric vibrator vibrating diaphragm mode, reduce and even eliminate the purpose of intermediate frequency paddy.In addition, owing to improved rigidity, the mass distribution of vibrating diaphragm, in some cases, the method that this ad-hoc location at vibrating diaphragm is removed material can make the sound pressure level output of piezoelectric speaker medium and low frequency section significantly increase.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the deficiency in view of prior art, a kind of piezoelectric flat-panel speaker that adopts vibrating diaphragm punching type structure is proposed pointedly, can obviously improve the conventional piezoelectric loud speaker in the distortion in medium and low frequency district, and significantly improve the acoustic pressure output of conventional piezoelectric loud speaker frequency response curve medium and low frequency section, the combination property of loud speaker is greatly improved.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: the structure of described piezoelectric speaker comprises vibrating diaphragm, be bonded in the piezoelectric ceramic piece on the vibrating diaphragm, the electrode on piezoelectric ceramic piece surface, be used for retraining the frame of vibrating diaphragm, wherein, have the hole on the described vibrating diaphragm, this hole is single hole, single hole axially symmetric structure, single hole centrosymmetric structure, porous, porous array, porous shaft symmetrical structure or poriferous circular symmetrical structure, described hole is greatly improved the sound pressure level curve flattening degree of piezoelectric speaker, and the distortion of Mid Frequency can be adjusted into zero or be close to zero.
Described hole be shaped as circular hole, square hole, rectangular opening, slotted eye, bar-shape hole, cruciform vent, scallop hole or other polygonal hole.
The position distribution in described hole is near the center of vibrating diaphragm, four corners or near the position of frame.
The axial cross section of described vibrating diaphragm is circle, ellipse, rectangle or other polygons.
The axial cross section of described piezoelectric ceramic piece is circle, ellipse, rectangle or other polygons.
Described electrode is bonded in the surface of piezoelectric ceramic piece or embeds in the piezoelectric ceramic piece.
Described vibrating diaphragm is bond piezoelectric ceramic piece or the two-sided piezoelectric ceramic piece that all bonds of one side only.
It is the metal material that comprises dilval, stainless steel that described vibrating diaphragm adopts material.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: no matter calculate or the present product of having prepared by theory, by the single hole on the vibrating diaphragm, the single hole axially symmetric structure, the single hole centrosymmetric structure, porous, porous array, porous shaft symmetrical structure or poriferous circular symmetrical structure, except having kept the existing good characteristic of conventional piezoelectric loud speaker, loadspeaker structure of the present invention has been avoided the phase cancellation of Mid Frequency acoustic radiation in the space simultaneously, the sound pressure level curve flattening degree of piezoelectric speaker is greatly improved, and the conventional piezoelectric loud speaker no longer occurs in the phenomenon that the Mid Frequency sound pressure level reduces more than the 30db.By position and big or small adjustment to the hole, the distortion of Mid Frequency can reach zero, makes piezoelectric speaker tonequality better.On the other hand, owing to improved rigidity, the mass distribution of vibrating diaphragm, under the conditions such as some physical dimension, the sound pressure level output with piezoelectric speaker medium and low frequency section of perforation structure vibrating diaphragm has remarkable increase than the conventional piezoelectric loud speaker.Its structure of diaphragm perforating type piezoelectric flat speaker of the present invention has novelty and cost is low, excellent performance, has the market competitiveness.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is typical piezoelectric speaker frequency response curve figure;
Fig. 2 is the audible segment structural representation of existing piezoelectric speaker;
Fig. 3 (a) is the front view of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 3 (b) is the explosive view of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 4 is the frequency response curve of the embodiment of the invention 1 and the comparison diagram of traditional frequency response curve;
Fig. 5 (a) is the front view of the embodiment of the invention 2;
Fig. 5 (b) is the explosive view of the embodiment of the invention 2;
Fig. 6 is the frequency response curve of the embodiment of the invention 2 and the comparison diagram of traditional frequency response curve;
Fig. 7 (a) is the front view of the embodiment of the invention 3;
Fig. 7 (b) is the explosive view of the embodiment of the invention 3;
Fig. 8 is the frequency response curve of the embodiment of the invention 3 and the comparison diagram of traditional frequency response curve;
Fig. 9 (a) is the front view of the embodiment of the invention 4;
Fig. 9 (b) is the explosive view of the embodiment of the invention 4;
Figure 10 is the frequency response curve of the embodiment of the invention 4 and the comparison diagram of traditional frequency response curve;
Figure 11 (a) is the front view of the embodiment of the invention 5;
Figure 11 (b) is the explosive view of the embodiment of the invention 5;
Figure 12 (a) is the front view of the embodiment of the invention 6;
Figure 12 (b) is the explosive view of the embodiment of the invention 6;
Figure 13 is that the present invention is at the typical frequency response curve that improves medium and low frequency acoustic pressure output facet.
Number in the figure:
The 1-electrode; 1a-positive electrode lead-in wire; 1b-negative electrode lead-in wire; The 2-piezoelectric ceramic piece; The 3-vibrating diaphragm; 3a-vibrating diaphragm ad-hoc location hole; The 4-frame.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of diaphragm perforating type piezoelectric flat speaker, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with description of drawings and embodiment.
The vibration deformation of the metal vibration diaphragm of piezoelectric speaker normally causes owing to the stretching motion of piezoelectric ceramic in the vibrating diaphragm plane.Accompanying drawing 2 is the audible segment structural representation of existing piezoelectric speaker, and the electrode 1 of piezoelectric speaker is positioned at the upper and lower surface of piezoelectric ceramic piece 2, and polarised direction is perpendicular to vibrating diaphragm 3 planes, and the strain in vibrating diaphragm 3 planes and the relation of electric field strength are as follows: x
1=d
31E
3, wherein, x
1Be the strain vertical with polarised direction (being the strain in the vibrating diaphragm plane), d
31Be piezoelectric strain coefficient, E
3Electric field strength for polarised direction.
Below among each embodiment, electrode material is the conducting metals such as silver or silver palladium alloy.
Fig. 3 (a) and Fig. 3 (b) are front view and the explosive view of the embodiment of the invention 1.Electrode 1 is divided into positive electrode and negative electrode, is distributed in upper surface and the lower surface of piezoelectric ceramic piece 2, and piezoelectric ceramic piece 2 is pasted on the vibrating diaphragm 3, and retrains fixedly vibrating diaphragm 3 with frame 4.The positive electrode lead-in wire 1a 1b that is connected with negative electrode is connected positive electrode respectively on the frame corresponding solder joint and is convenient to connect external circuit with negative electrode.Vibrating diaphragm 3 adopts the materials such as dilvals or stainless steel, and layer thickness control is at 10 microns to 50 microns, respectively is distributed with one by the porous array 3a of 5 L-shaped arrangements of rectangular opening at 4 edges of rectangle vibrating diaphragm, and is symmetrical in the vibrating diaphragm center.Piezoelectric ceramic piece 2 adopts the rectangular tab consistent with vibrating diaphragm 3 profiles, perhaps adopts oval thin slice, and perhaps thin rounded flakes perhaps adopts two piezoelectric ceramic pieces to be bonded in respectively the upper and lower surface of vibrating diaphragm 3.Accompanying drawing 4 is the frequency response curve of the embodiment of the invention 1 and the comparison diagram of traditional frequency response curve.As can be seen from the figure, porous array 3a in adopting embodiment 1, then Mid Frequency distortion situation improves, and the effect in hole improves more than the sound pressure level 10db of distortion place at least, is equivalent to 4 times of sound pressure level effects that produce of institute's making alive raising on distortion place frequency band.The variation that other frequency range of curve occurs has hardly kept the advantage of other frequency range high sound pressure level.
Fig. 5 (a) and Fig. 5 (b) are front view and the explosive view of the embodiment of the invention 2.Most of structure of present embodiment piezoelectric speaker is identical with embodiment 1.4 edges of rectangle vibrating diaphragm bar hole 3a of " L " shape that respectively distributes just, and be symmetrical in the vibrating diaphragm center.Accompanying drawing 6 is the frequency response curve of the embodiment of the invention 2 and the comparison diagram of traditional frequency response curve.As can be seen from the figure, the bar hole 3a in adopting embodiment 2, its effect is substantially the same with the effect of the porous array 3a of embodiment 1, and Mid Frequency distortion situation improves, and improves at least more than the sound pressure level 10db of distortion place.The variation that other frequency range of curve occurs has hardly kept the advantage of other frequency range high sound pressure level.
Fig. 7 (a) and Fig. 7 (b) are front view and the explosive view of the embodiment of the invention 3.Most of structure of present embodiment piezoelectric speaker is identical with embodiment 1.4 edges of rectangle vibrating diaphragm, 1 the single hole 3a that respectively distributes just, and be symmetrical in the vibrating diaphragm center.Accompanying drawing 8 is the frequency response curve of the embodiment of the invention 3 and the comparison diagram of traditional frequency response curve.As can be seen from the figure, original intermediate frequency distortion disappears, even the notching curve of former distortion place becomes convex curves, and sound pressure level promotes more than the 25db, is equivalent to that institute's making alive improves 16 times of sound pressure level effects that produce on distortion place frequency band.The variation that the curve low-frequency range occurs hardly, high band curve generation slight jitter has kept the advantage of other frequency range high sound pressure level basically.
Fig. 9 (a) and Fig. 9 (b) are front view and the explosive view of the embodiment of the invention 4.Most of structure of present embodiment piezoelectric speaker is identical with embodiment 1.Just the position of opening on the rectangle vibrating diaphragm is in the center of vibrating diaphragm 3, or is centered around the center of vibrating diaphragm 3.Present embodiment is to have cross hole 3a in the center of vibrating diaphragm 3, and symmetrical and vibrating diaphragm center.Accompanying drawing 10 is the frequency response curve of the embodiment of the invention 4 and the comparison diagram of traditional frequency response curve.As can be seen from the figure, the effect in hole improves more than the sound pressure level 10db of distortion place at least, be equivalent to 4 times of sound pressure level effects that produce of institute's making alive raising on distortion place frequency band, but some little fluctuations occurs the curve at intermediate frequency paddy place.The variation that the curve low-frequency range occurs hardly, high band curve generation slight jitter, but substantially kept generally the advantage of other frequency range high sound pressure level.
Accompanying drawing 11 is front view and the explosive view of the embodiment of the invention 4.Most of structure of present embodiment piezoelectric speaker is identical with embodiment 1.Just electrode 1, potsherd 2, vibrating diaphragm 3, frame 4 be shaped as circle, that the corner location of vibrating diaphragm 3 distributes is 4 fan-shaped single hole 3a, and symmetrical and vibrating diaphragm center.
Embodiment 6
Accompanying drawing 12 is front view and the explosive view of the embodiment of the invention 4.Most of structure of present embodiment piezoelectric speaker is identical with embodiment 1.Just electrode 1, potsherd 2, vibrating diaphragm 3, frame 4 be shaped as circle, what the center of vibrating diaphragm 3 distributed is circular single hole, and symmetrical and vibrating diaphragm center.
Above embodiment, by introducing single hole, porous, porous array, porous symmetrical structure on rectangle or the circular membrane, adjusted the Mid Frequency characteristic of piezoelectric speaker of the present invention, distortion rate is reduced, reduced the phase cancellation of medium and low frequency section acoustic radiation in the space, the sound pressure level curve flattening degree of piezoelectric speaker is greatly improved, even the sound pressure level of distortion place is improved more than the 25db, be equivalent to 16 times of institute's produce an effects of institute's making alive raising on distortion place frequency band.On the other hand, owing to improved rigidity, the mass distribution of vibrating diaphragm, under some physical dimension condition, the sound pressure level output with piezoelectric speaker medium and low frequency section of perforation structure vibrating diaphragm has remarkable increase than the conventional piezoelectric loud speaker.Figure 13 is that the present invention is at the typical frequency response curve that improves medium and low frequency acoustic pressure output facet.Can find out, piezoelectric speaker with perforation structure vibrating diaphragm improves about about 4dB than the conventional piezoelectric loud speaker in the sound pressure level of medium and low frequency section, this reduces driving voltage for the sound output that improves piezoelectric speaker, and the scope of application of expanding piezoelectric speaker is significant.The present invention reach the purpose of improving loudspeaker performance, and technique is simple, cost is low by the innovation of piezoelectric speaker structure, and market prospects are good.
Above-described embodiment is several better embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. diaphragm perforating type piezoelectric flat speaker, its structure comprises vibrating diaphragm (3), be bonded in the piezoelectric ceramic piece (2) on the vibrating diaphragm (3), the electrode (1) on piezoelectric ceramic piece (2) surface, be used for retraining the frame (4) of vibrating diaphragm (3), it is characterized in that, have hole (3a) on the described vibrating diaphragm (3), this hole (3a) is the single hole axially symmetric structure, the single hole centrosymmetric structure, porous shaft symmetrical structure or poriferous circular symmetrical structure, described hole (3a) is distributed near the center or four corners of vibrating diaphragm (3), and be symmetrical in the vibrating diaphragm center, the sound pressure level curve flattening degree of piezoelectric speaker is significantly improved, the distortion of medium and low frequency section can be adjusted into zero or be close to zero, and the acoustic pressure output of piezoelectric speaker is improved significantly.
2. a kind of diaphragm perforating type piezoelectric flat speaker according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the bar hole, cruciform vent or the scallop hole that are shaped as circular hole, square hole, rectangular opening, slotted eye, " L " shape of described hole (3a).
3. a kind of diaphragm perforating type piezoelectric flat speaker according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described vibrating diaphragm (3) is circular, oval or polygon.
4. a kind of diaphragm perforating type piezoelectric flat speaker according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described piezoelectric ceramic piece (2) is circular, oval or polygon.
5. a kind of diaphragm perforating type piezoelectric flat speaker according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described electrode (1) is bonded in the surface of piezoelectric ceramic piece (2) or embeds in the piezoelectric ceramic piece (2).
6. a kind of diaphragm perforating type piezoelectric flat speaker according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described vibrating diaphragm (3) is bond piezoelectric ceramic piece (2) or the two-sided piezoelectric ceramic piece (2) that all bonds of one side only.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009102442180A CN102111703B (en) | 2009-12-28 | 2009-12-28 | Diaphragm perforating type piezoelectric flat speaker |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009102442180A CN102111703B (en) | 2009-12-28 | 2009-12-28 | Diaphragm perforating type piezoelectric flat speaker |
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| CN102111703A CN102111703A (en) | 2011-06-29 |
| CN102111703B true CN102111703B (en) | 2013-03-20 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| TWI621359B (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2018-04-11 | 大陸商東莞泉聲電子有限公司 | Piezoelectric speaker |
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| TWI621359B (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2018-04-11 | 大陸商東莞泉聲電子有限公司 | Piezoelectric speaker |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102111703A (en) | 2011-06-29 |
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