CN102100147B - Vertical type axial flow threshing machine specially designed for breeding soybeans - Google Patents

Abstract

The vertical axial-flow thresher for soybean breeding belongs to agricultural machinery; the machine consists of a frame, a cantilever beam, a visible combination cover, a threshing drum, a blade-type cleaning drum, a straw fan, a separation screen drum, a straw box, and a centrifugal fan. , feeding port, collecting port and grain outlet; the visual combination cover is hinged at both ends of the frame and can be opened and closed freely, and the surface of the cover is fixed with plexiglass; the threshing drum, blade type cleaning drum and straw fan are fixedly connected in sequence , The cleaning air duct is set in the middle of the threshing drum; this machine can complete the threshing, separation and cleaning operations at one time. It has the characteristics of small size, light weight, reasonable structure, easy and fast cleaning, and good mobility. Accurate production requirements.

Description

Vertical axial flow special thresher for soybean breeding

Technical field:

The invention belongs to agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to a special thresher for vertical axial flow soybean breeding.

Background technique:

In terms of scientific research, soybean yield measurement and soybean breeding must go through three steps: threshing, separation and cleaning. Traditional breeding threshers mostly use tangential flow drum threshing, and fans and reciprocating vibrating screens are used for separation and cleaning. These parts have complex structures, large volumes, and they vibrate violently and make noise during operation. The concave plate separation screen of the horizontal axial flow thresher has a smaller separation area, and at the same separation efficiency, the volume increases compared with the vertical axial flow thresher. The cleaning system of the existing small vertical axial flow threshing machine mostly adopts the combination of upper and lower fans and rotary wheels, the structure is relatively complicated, and the straw box is mainly supported by a metal outer cover, which limits the possibility of making the entire outer cover. The mechanism of free opening and closing affects the rapid cleaning of the stalks and grains remaining in the body, and cannot meet the requirements of soybean yield measurement and soybean breeding in scientific research.

Invention content:

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and solve the shortcomings of the current breeding threshers, such as large volume, complex structure, inability to quickly clean up, high impurity content in grains, and unreliable operation.

The basic design created by the present invention is that the special thresher for vertical axial flow soybean breeding includes a frame and walking wheels and push rods fitted on the frame; On the outer side, the main shaft is vertically and rotatably equipped on the inner side of the cantilever beam, the pulley is fixed on the upper side of the main shaft, the transmission belt is assembled on the motor and the pulley, and the straw fan is fixed on the lower side of the main shaft , the straw box is fixed on the inner lower part of the cantilever beam, and is located outside the straw fan to contain it as a whole; on the lower side of the straw fan, the blade type cleaning drum and the threshing drum are fixed in turn, and the straw fan and the blade The type cleaning drum and the threshing drum are integrated; the separation screen drum is assembled on the outside of the blade type cleaning drum and the threshing drum, the upper end of the separation screen drum is fixed on the lower side of the straw discharge box, and the lower end of the separation screen drum is equipped with a grain filter. The collecting port of the outlet; the cleaning air duct is set inside the threshing drum, the centrifugal fan is installed on the frame, and the upper and lower ends of the cleaning air duct are respectively connected with the blade type cleaning drum and the centrifugal fan; On the upper end; the right visible combined outer cover and the left visible combined outer cover can be assembled on the outside of the separation screen drum to seal and contain the separation screen drum as a whole; the left visible combined outer cover is composed of the left support frame and the left support frame The upper feed port, hinge plate, short plexiglass plate and locking plate are assembled, and the right visible combination cover is composed of the right support frame and the hinge plate, locking plate and long plexiglass plate assembled on the right support frame. The fastener group fixes the locking plate on the left support frame and the locking plate on the right support frame, and the hinge plate on the left support frame and the hinge plate on the right support frame are respectively hinged with the hinge seat on the frame.

The invention has reasonable structural design, good threshing, separation and cleaning effects, safe and reliable use, and high social and economic benefits.

Description of drawings:

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a vertical axial flow soybean breeding special thresher.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a vertical axial flow thresher specially used for soybean breeding.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the left visible combination cover.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the right visible combined outer cover.

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the straw fan.

Description of part number in the figure:

1. Right visible combined cover 2. Hinged seat 3. Feeding port 4. Left visible combined cover 5. Motor 6. Transmission belt 7. Pulley 8. Main shaft 9. Cantilever beam 10. Straw discharge box 11. Straw discharge fan 12. Blade type cleaning drum 13. Cleaning air duct 14. Threshing drum 15. Separation screen cylinder 16. Collecting port 17. Rack 18. Grain outlet 19. Centrifugal fan 20. Walking wheel 21. Push rod 22. Hinge Plate 23, short plexiglass plate 24, left support frame 25, locking plate 26, right support frame 27, long plexiglass plate 28 row of straw fan blades

Detailed ways:

The best embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Vertical axial-flow thresher for soybean breeding, including frame 17, traveling wheels 20 and push rods 21 mounted on frame 17; cantilever beam 9 is fixed on the upper part of frame 17, and motor 5 is fixed on On the outer side, the main shaft 8 is rotatably assembled vertically on the inner side of the cantilever beam 9, the belt pulley 7 is fixed on the upper side of the main shaft 8, the transmission belt 6 is assembled on the motor 5 and the pulley 7, and under the main shaft 8 The straw fan 11 is fixed on the side, and the straw box 10 is fixed on the lower part of the inner side of the cantilever beam 9, and is positioned outside the straw fan 11 to contain it as a whole; the blades are fixed on the lower side of the straw fan 11 type cleaning drum 12 and threshing drum 14, straw fan 11 is integrated with blade type cleaning drum 12 and threshing drum 14; The upper end is fixed on the lower side of the straw box 10, and the lower end of the separation screen drum 15 is equipped with a collection port 16 with a grain outlet 18; the cleaning air duct 13 is set inside the threshing drum 14, and the centrifugal fan 19 is installed on the machine. On the frame 17, the upper end and the lower end of the cleaning air duct 13 communicate with the blade type cleaning drum 12 and the centrifugal fan 19 respectively; the hinged seat 2 is arranged on the upper end of the frame 17; The right visible combined outer cover 1 and the left visible combined outer cover 4 seal and contain the separation screen cylinder 15 as a whole; Plate 22, short plexiglass plate 23, locking plate 25 are assembled and constituted, and the right visible combined outer cover 1 is assembled by right support frame 26 and hinged plate 22, locking plate 25, long plexiglass plate 27 fitted on the right support frame 26 Constitute, the fastener group fixes the locking plate 25 on the left supporting frame 24 and the locking plate 25 on the right supporting frame 26, the hinged plate 22 on the left supporting frame 24 and the hinged plate 22 on the right supporting frame 26 are respectively connected with the machine The articulated seat 2 on the frame 17 is hingedly connected; the feed port 3 is installed downwardly at the bottom right of the left support frame 24, and the center line of the feed port 3 is at an angle of 65° to 75° with the axis of the main shaft 8; the straw fan 11 The straw fan blade 28 on the top is twisted as a whole.

When the vertical axial-flow soybean breeding special thresher is working, the output power of the motor 5 fixed on the cantilever beam 9 is transmitted to the main shaft 8 through the transmission belt 6 and the pulley 7, and the main shaft 8 drives the threshing drum 14, the blade type cleaning drum 12 and the The straw fan 11 rotates synchronously; the material to be removed is fed through the downwardly inclined feeding port 3, and under the centrifugal force of the high-speed rotating threshing drum 14, the material to be removed is brought into the threshing chamber, and the material to be removed passes through the threshing drum 14 The threshing nail teeth on the top are repeatedly hit for threshing. Due to the structural design of the feeding port 3, there will be no material regurgitation; at the same time, the material is transported upward under the action of the threshing drum 14 and the blade-type cleaning drum 12; under the centrifugal force Under the action of the sieve, the grains, chaff and short stalks are separated from the sieve holes of the separation screen cylinder 15 and enter the settling chamber, and the long stalks are transported to the straw discharge box 10, and then discharged out of the machine by the high-speed rotating straw discharge fan 11 ; under the effect of the high-speed rotating grass-discharging fan 11, the negative pressure generated by the whole twisted grass-discharging fan blade 28 passes through the sieve hole of the separation screen drum 15 to form a rising suction airflow in the settling chamber, and the lesser grasses of the specific gravity The miscellaneous material is brought into the straw discharge box 10 by the rising airflow, and is discharged out of the machine through the straw discharge fan 11; the grains, chaff and short stalks with a larger specific gravity fall to the top of the grain outlet 18 through the collection port 16, and the grain outlet 18 is provided with a There is a centrifugal fan 19 that produces an updraft, and the high-pressure vertical airflow generated by the centrifugal fan 19 blows most of the chaff and short stalks into the threshing chamber through the cleaning air duct 13 and the blade-type cleaning drum 12. The straw is transported into the straw discharge box 10 under the action of the straw discharge fan 11, and the grain enters the collection box along the inclined grain outlet 18; after the threshing is completed, the left and right visible combined outer covers are opened, and the residue in the shell is removed. The stalks and kernels in the body are cleaned quickly.

Claims (2)

1. A special thresher for vertical axial flow soybean breeding, comprising a frame (17) and walking wheels (20) and push rods (21) fitted on the frame (17); it is characterized in that the frame ( 17) The upper part is fixed on the cantilever beam (9), the motor (5) is fixed on the outer side of the cantilever beam (9), and the main shaft (8) is rotatably equipped on the inner side of the cantilever beam (9). (7) Fixed on the upper side of the main shaft (8), the transmission belt (6) is assembled on the motor (5) and the pulley (7), and the straw fan (11) is fixed on the lower side of the main shaft (8). , the straw box (10) is fixed on the inner lower part of the cantilever beam (9), and is positioned outside the straw fan (11) to contain it as a whole; on the lower side of the straw fan (11), the blade type The cleaning drum (12) and the threshing drum (14), the straw fan (11) are integrated with the blade type cleaning drum (12) and the threshing drum (14); the separating screen drum (15) is assembled on the blade type cleaning drum (12) and the outside of the threshing drum (14), the upper end of the separation screen drum (15) is fixed on the lower side of the straw box (10), and the lower end of the separation screen drum (15) is equipped with a grain outlet (18) Collection mouth (16); Cleaning air passage (13) is set in threshing cylinder (14) inside, and centrifugal fan (19) is installed on the frame (17), and the upper end and the lower end of cleaning air passage (13) are respectively connected with The blade-type cleaning drum (12) communicates with the centrifugal fan (19); the hinged seat (2) is arranged on the upper end of the frame (17); and the right visible combined outer cover is assembled on the outside of the separating screen drum (15) (1) and the left visible combined outer cover (4), the separation screen drum (15) is integrally sealed and contained; the left visible combined outer cover (4) is assembled on the left supporting frame (24) by the left supporting frame (24) The feeding port (3), hinged plate (22), short plexiglass plate (23), locking plate (25) are assembled and formed, and the feeding port (3) is installed downwardly at the bottom right of the left supporting frame (24). , the center line of the feeding port (3) and the axial direction of the main shaft (8) form an angle of 65° to 75°, and the right visible combined outer cover (1) is assembled on the right support frame (26) by the right support frame (26) The hinged plate (22), locking plate (25), and long plexiglass plate (27) are assembled, and the fastener group connects the locking plate (25) on the left supporting frame (24) and the locking plate (25) on the right supporting frame (26). The locking plate (25) is fixed, and the hinge plate (22) on the left support frame (24) and the hinge plate (22) on the right support frame (26) are respectively hinged with the hinge seat (2) on the frame (17) . 2. The special thresher for vertical axial flow soybean breeding according to claim 1, characterized in that the straw fan blades (28) on the straw fan (11) are twisted as a whole.

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