CN102096023A - Device and method for testing power cable fault - Google Patents
Device and method for testing power cable fault Download PDFInfo
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- CN102096023A CN102096023A CN 201010594316 CN201010594316A CN102096023A CN 102096023 A CN102096023 A CN 102096023A CN 201010594316 CN201010594316 CN 201010594316 CN 201010594316 A CN201010594316 A CN 201010594316A CN 102096023 A CN102096023 A CN 102096023A
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- voltage
- detection
- potentiometer
- fault
- test
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000010205 computational analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 13
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon Chemical compound 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Abstract
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of proving installation and method of power cable fault, particularly a kind of device and method of testing of utilizing the power cable fault of resistance bridge principle.
Background technology
The method of testing of power cable fault is divided into bigness scale method and accurate measurement method two big classes substantially.Wherein bigness scale method is used maximum two kinds of methods that have at present in practice: resistance bridge method and pulse reflection method.With regard to the resistance bridge method, be mainly used in the lower class fault of single-phase insulation against ground resistance value of test cable, its principle is as shown in Figure 1a.
Traditional proving installation is high voltage to be exported E and testing circuit partly lumps together, and by the associated button on the adjusted instrument panel, calculates the distance of Method of Cable Trouble Point g to test lead (A or B) at last.Owing to be subjected to the influence of the sensitivity of instrument own, the fault detect electric current I in the test equivalent circuit diagram of traditional power cable fault (Fig. 1 b) in the bridge circuit gShould be greater than more than tens milliamperes, owing to consider operating personnel's safety problem, therefore the maximal value of high voltage output E knows the fault resstance R of test about 15kV usually gMaximum is about hundreds of kilo-ohms.And resistance only accounts for all cable faults 1/tens in the fault below hundreds of kilo-ohms.It is helpless adopting the proving installation and the method for testing of the traditional power cable fault shown in Fig. 1 a for resistance at the most of cable fault more than hundreds of kilo-ohms.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of resistance bridge principle of utilizing and test more the novel test device and the method for testing of the cable fault of high value.
For reaching above purpose, the present invention takes following technical scheme to be achieved:
A kind of proving installation of power cable fault, comprise the high voltage part and detect control section, detect control section and comprise a potentiometer and a Detection ﹠ Controling circuit, two stiff ends of described potentiometer connect any two-phase of tested cable, wherein one is the fault phase mutually, the sliding end of this potentiometer connects the output of high voltage part, it is characterized in that: the fault test current acquisition end of described Detection ﹠ Controling circuit connects the output of high voltage part; The control end of Detection ﹠ Controling circuit is connected to the sliding end of potentiometer, and the detection signal end and the high voltage of the test electric bridge both end voltage of Detection ﹠ Controling circuit partly separate, and is parallel to two stiff ends of potentiometer.
In the such scheme; described high voltage partly comprises a transformer, and its low-pressure side is electrically connected with the city by a pressure regulator, and the secondary loop, high-pressure side is passed through output HIGH voltage after the earth capacitance filtering by rectification silicon stack earlier again; wherein, the elementary holding circuit that is parallel with of pressure regulator.Described high voltage partly is the high direct voltage generating means.
Described Detection ﹠ Controling circuit comprises current acquisition circuit and the detection signal treatment circuit that is connected potentiometer two stiff ends, the output of described current acquisition circuit and detection signal treatment circuit is connected a high-speed a/d sample circuit, the high-speed a/d sample circuit has and shows and the computational analysis of outlet terminal and the input end of control system link to each other the sliding end of the control output connection potentiometer of this computational analysis and control system with one.
A kind of method with aforementioned proving installation testing power cable fault---the bridge balance method is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) two stiff ends of the potentiometer of proving installation is connected any two-phase of tested cable, wherein one is the fault phase mutually, the other end of this any two-phase links to each other with the tubbiness line, constitute the test electric bridge loop, the output of the slip termination high voltage part of described potentiometer, the fault test current acquisition end of Detection ﹠ Controling circuit connects the output of high voltage part; The control end of Detection ﹠ Controling circuit is connected to the sliding end of potentiometer, and the test electric bridge both end voltage detection signal end and the high voltage of Detection ﹠ Controling circuit partly separate, and is parallel to two stiff ends of potentiometer; Output by high voltage part applies high pressure to the sliding end of potentiometer then;
(2) the fault test current acquisition end of Detection ﹠ Controling circuit partly takes out the fault current test signal from high voltage, sample by high-speed a/d, computational analysis wherein and control system automatic fault detection measuring current Ig, when Ig＞15mA, the Detection ﹠ Controling circuit carries out data acquisition, calculates post analysis and judge whether balance of test electric bridge test electric bridge two end signals, if test electric bridge balance, then Ug=0, directly calculate fault distance, L g=L cIf the test electric bridge imbalance, Ug ≠ 0 then, the Detection ﹠ Controling circuit makes test electric bridge reach balance by the sliding end of the automatic regulator potentiometer in control output end, calculates the fault distance L of tested cable at last according to following formula g:
In the formula: R 1The resistance that potentiometer changes during for bridge balance, R 1+ R 2Be the resistance of potentiometer, L cBe cable length.
Another kind of method with aforementioned proving installation testing power cable fault---the electric bridge imbalance method is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) two stiff ends of the potentiometer of proving installation is connected any two-phase of tested cable, wherein one is the fault phase mutually, the other end of this any two-phase links to each other with the tubbiness line, constitute the test electric bridge loop, the output of the slip termination high voltage part of described potentiometer, the fault test current acquisition end of Detection ﹠ Controling circuit connects the output of high voltage part; The control end of Detection ﹠ Controling circuit is connected to the sliding end of potentiometer, and the test electric bridge both end voltage detection signal end and the high voltage of Detection ﹠ Controling circuit partly separate, and is parallel to two stiff ends of potentiometer; Output by high voltage part applies high pressure to the sliding end of potentiometer then;
(2) the fault test current acquisition end of Detection ﹠ Controling circuit partly takes out the fault current test signal from high voltage, sample by high-speed a/d, computational analysis wherein and control system detection failure measuring current Ig, when Ig＞15mA, Detection ﹠ Controling circuit measuring and recorded stream are crossed the electric current and the test electric bridge both end voltage in test electric bridge loop, are designated as I respectively 21, UG 1
(3) change the sliding end high voltage output that is added in potentiometer by the output that changes high voltage part low voltage regulation device, the Detection ﹠ Controling circuit is measured once more and recorded stream is crossed the electric current and the test electric bridge both end voltage in test electric bridge loop, is designated as I respectively 22, UG 2
(4), be calculated as follows the fault distance L of tested cable according to twice survey record value g:
In the formula: ρ and S are respectively the resistivity and the sectional area of tested cable conductor heart yearn, R AgBe the resistance of test lead to trouble spot cable conductor heart yearn.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is:
Owing to use the high voltage part and detect the method for testing that control section separates, operating personnel can be safe and reliable come to apply than the high pressure of higher scope in the past to tested failure cable by regulating the low voltage regulation device, Ce Shi fault resstance value can be very high like this, and the test specification of simultaneous faults improves very big.
Owing to adopt the high voltage part and detect the mode that control section separates, detect control circuit and directly be added between power output end and the failure cable phase line, be in vacant state, do not have direct earth point, so need not to consider Insulation Problems, so whole test process safety, reliable.Because the volume of instrument own is little, in light weight, can directly be placed on the cable end of the output termination of high-voltage power supply or tested cable, simple to operate, easy to connect.
Except that pressure process was artificial control, all the other test processs were automatic control.
Description of drawings
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is existing a kind of power cable fault method of testing synoptic diagram.Wherein, Fig. 1 a is test philosophy figure; Fig. 1 b is the equivalent circuit diagram of Fig. 1 a.
Fig. 2 is the method for testing synoptic diagram of power cable fault of the present invention.Wherein, Fig. 2 a is test philosophy figure; Fig. 2 b is a kind of bridge balance method synoptic diagram that utilizes Fig. 2 a test philosophy; Fig. 2 c is the another kind of electric bridge imbalance method synoptic diagram that utilizes Fig. 2 a test philosophy.
Fig. 3 is the functional block diagram of the Detection ﹠ Controling circuit among Fig. 2 a.
Fig. 4 is the physical circuit schematic diagram of Fig. 3.
Embodiment
Shown in Fig. 2 a, a kind of proving installation of power cable fault, comprise the high voltage part and detect control section, detect control section and comprise a potentiometer and a Detection ﹠ Controling circuit, two stiff ends of described potentiometer connect any two-phase A, the B (other end links to each other with the tubbiness line) of tested cable, wherein one is the fault phase mutually, the output of the sliding end connection high voltage part of this potentiometer, the fault test current acquisition end of Detection ﹠ Controling circuit passes through to connect high voltage output partly behind current sampling resistor RR of series connection; The control end of Detection ﹠ Controling circuit is connected to the sliding end of potentiometer, and the detection signal end and the high voltage of the test electric bridge both end voltage of Detection ﹠ Controling circuit partly separate, and is parallel to two stiff ends of potentiometer.
High voltage part claims GZF power frequency high voltage proving installation again by being connected holding circuit, the transformer TV that links to each other with pressure regulator T on the pressure regulator T, being connected the elementary voltage table PV of transformer TV, being connected on reometer PA, the rectification silicon stack V in the transformer TV secondary loop and earth capacitance filtering C etc. formed.If there is not GZF power frequency high voltage proving installation, also available usually high direct voltage generating means replaces GZF power frequency high voltage proving installation to finish.
As shown in Figure 3, the Detection ﹠ Controling circuit comprises with high voltage partly exports the current acquisition circuit of the fault current test signal of the current sampling resistor two ends of series connection taking out and the detection signal treatment circuit of the test electric bridge both end voltage that is connected potentiometer two stiff ends, wherein, the detection signal treatment circuit comprises one-level amplifying circuit, filtering circuit and the second amplifying circuit of series connection successively.The current acquisition circuit comprises the sample resistance and the one-level amplifying circuit of series connection successively and the follow circuit that links to each other with the one-level amplifying circuit that connects high voltage output.The output of the second amplifying circuit in the detection signal treatment circuit is connected a high-speed a/d sample circuit with the output of follow circuit in the current acquisition circuit, the high-speed a/d sample circuit has and shows and the computational analysis of outlet terminal and the input end of control system link to each other the sliding end of a control output connection potentiometer of this computational analysis and control system with one; Another control output links to each other with second amplifying circuit input end in the detection signal treatment circuit by digital regulation resistance.
As shown in Figure 4, Detection ﹠ Controling circuit of the present invention specific embodiment comprises treatment circuit that the detection signal of the test electric bridge both end voltage that connects potentiometer two stiff ends is concrete and partly exports the concrete current acquisition circuit of fault current test signal that take out at the current sampling resistor two ends of connecting with high voltage.Wherein, the concrete treatment circuit of detection signal that connects the test electric bridge both end voltage of potentiometer two stiff ends is composed in series successively by three-stage operational amplifier; the input end of the detection signal of the test electric bridge both end voltage that two stiff ends of self-potential device are obtained links to each other with the earth terminal of first order operational amplifier and the inverting input that has a described first order operational amplifier of bidirectional protective respectively; the output of described first order operational amplifier links to each other with the in-phase input end of the second level operational amplifier of the detection signal of test electric bridge both end voltage after through a second-order low-pass filter circuit; the inverting input of described second level operational amplifier links to each other with the earth terminal of operational amplifier at the corresponding levels by a resistance; the output of described second level operational amplifier links to each other with the in-phase input end of third level operational amplifier through a resistance; the in-phase input end of third level operational amplifier links to each other with the output terminal of digital regulation resistance simultaneously; the input end of digital regulation resistance links to each other as operational amplifier automatic zero set (AZS) input end with an output terminal of single-chip microcomputer; the inverting input of the third level operational amplifier of the detection signal of test electric bridge both end voltage links to each other with the earth terminal of operational amplifier at the corresponding levels by a resistance, and the input end of high-speed a/d sample circuit is directly received in the output of described third level operational amplifier.
It is connected a sample resistance RR of current acquisition of the output of high voltage part that high voltage is partly exported the concrete current acquisition circuit of fault current test signal that the current sampling resistor two ends of series connection takes out, the fault test current acquisition end of Detection ﹠ Controling circuit connects the two ends of current sampling resistor RR respectively, obtains signal from the two ends of current sampling resistor RR.Described current acquisition physical circuit is composed in series successively by two-stage calculation amplifier, and first order operational amplifier mainly is an enlarging function, and second level operational amplifier mainly is to follow function.The inverting input of the first order operational amplifier of that termination current acquisition circuit that described sample resistance RR links to each other with the output of high voltage part, the in-phase input end of the first order operational amplifier of another termination current acquisition circuit of described sample resistance RR, the output of first order operational amplifier links to each other through the in-phase input end of a resistance with the second level operational amplifier of current acquisition circuit, the inverting input of second level operational amplifier directly connects the output terminal of operational amplifier at the corresponding levels, finish the following of the first order operational amplifier output signal of current acquisition circuit, the input end of high-speed a/d sample circuit is directly received in the output that connects second level operational amplifier then.
The input end of high-speed a/d sample circuit directly links to each other with an input end of single-chip microcomputer.
Single-chip microcomputer through to the detection signal of the test electric bridge both end voltage that connects potentiometer two stiff ends and with high voltage partly export the fault current test signal of the current sampling resistor two ends of connecting taking out accurate Calculation, analyze after, output on the display screen connecting the test electric bridge both end voltage detection signal of potentiometer two stiff ends and the current acquisition signal of high voltage part.
An output terminal of single-chip microcomputer links to each other with the control output that detects control section, and the sliding end of described potentiometer is directly received in the control output that detects control section, reaches regulating and controlling bridge balance purpose.
Another output terminal of single-chip microcomputer directly links to each other with the input end of digital regulation resistance, the output terminal of digital regulation resistance is directly received the in-phase input end of the third level operational amplifier of the detection signal circuit that connects potentiometer two stiff ends, single-chip microcomputer detects the drift of amplifier and the input value of regulating digital regulation resistance according to testing result automatically, the change of the input value of digital regulation resistance causes the change of digital regulation resistance output valve, realize amplifier automatic zero set (AZS) function, make measurement result more accurate.
Method with proving installation testing power cable fault shown in Fig. 2 a comprises two kinds, below gives division
Embodiment 1
Shown in Fig. 2 b, the bridge balance method.Comprise the steps:
(1) two stiff ends of the potentiometer of proving installation is connected any two-phase A, the B of tested cable, wherein one is the fault phase mutually, the other end of any two-phase of tested cable links to each other with the tubbiness line, constitute the test electric bridge loop, current sampling resistor RR of sliding end series connection of described potentiometer meets the output E of high voltage part, and the fault test current acquisition end of Detection ﹠ Controling circuit connects the two ends of current sampling resistor RR respectively; The control output end of Detection ﹠ Controling circuit is connected to the sliding end of potentiometer, and the detection signal end and the high voltage of the test electric bridge both end voltage of Detection ﹠ Controling circuit partly separate, and is parallel to two stiff ends of potentiometer; Output E by high voltage part applies high pressure to the sliding end of potentiometer then;
(2) the Detection ﹠ Controling circuit is by the current sampling resistor RR both end voltage number of winning the confidence of connecting with the sliding end of potentiometer, amplification tracking through the current acquisition circuit directly enters the high-speed a/d sample circuit, computational analysis and control system automatic fault detection measuring current Ig, when Ig＞15mA, the Detection ﹠ Controling circuit carries out judging after data acquisition, the computational analysis whether balance of test electric bridge to the test electric bridge both end voltage, if test electric bridge balance, then Ug=0, directly calculate fault distance, L g=L cIf Ug ≠ 0, the Detection ﹠ Controling circuit makes test electric bridge reach balance by the sliding end of the automatic regulator potentiometer in control output end.
(3), calculate the distance value of tested failure cable according to measurement result.Computing method are as follows:
By Fig. 2 a as can be known, establishing cable length is Lc, and trouble spot g is Lg to the distance of test lead (A), regulator potentiometer R1, R2, and when test electric bridge both end voltage=0 (when galvanometer G is designated as zero), bridge balance, at this moment
And ρ and S are respectively the resistivity and the sectional area of tested cable conductor heart yearn, 1. the formula of bringing into gets: Solve
In the formula: R 1The resistance that potentiometer changes during for bridge balance, R 1+ R 2Be the resistance of potentiometer, L cFor cable length is known, therefore can calculate the distance L of trouble spot g to test lead (A) g
Embodiment 2
The uneven method of electric bridge.Comprise the steps:
(1) two stiff ends of the potentiometer of proving installation is connected any two-phase of tested cable, wherein one is the fault phase mutually, the other end of any two-phase of tested cable links to each other with the tubbiness line, constitute the test electric bridge loop, current sampling resistor RR of sliding end series connection of described potentiometer meets the output E of high voltage part, and the fault test current acquisition end of Detection ﹠ Controling circuit connects the two ends of current sampling resistor RR respectively; The control end of Detection ﹠ Controling circuit is connected to the sliding end of potentiometer, and the detection signal end and the high voltage of the test electric bridge both end voltage of Detection ﹠ Controling circuit partly separate, and is parallel to two stiff ends of potentiometer; Output E by high voltage part applies high pressure to the sliding end of potentiometer then;
(2) the Detection ﹠ Controling circuit is by the current sampling resistor RR both end voltage number of winning the confidence of connecting with the sliding end of potentiometer, amplification tracking through the current acquisition circuit directly enters the high-speed a/d sample circuit, computational analysis and control system detection failure measuring current Ig, when Ig＞15mA, Detection ﹠ Controling circuit measuring and recorded stream are crossed the electric current and the test electric bridge both end voltage in test electric bridge loop, are designated as I respectively 21, UG 1
(3) change the sliding end high voltage output E that is added in potentiometer by the output that changes high voltage part low voltage regulation device, the Detection ﹠ Controling circuit is measured once more and recorded stream is crossed the electric current and the test electric bridge both end voltage in test electric bridge loop, is designated as I respectively 22, UG 2
(4), calculate the fault distance of tested cable according to twice survey record value.Computing method are as follows:
By Fig. 2 b as can be known, establish: flow through R 2And R AgElectric current be I 1, flow through R 1And R BgElectric current be I 2, U then G=I 2R 2-I 1R 12.
Order: R 1=aR 2, R Bg=bR Ag, again 3. substitution 2.:
I with the actual measurement of twice difference 21, UG 1, I 22, UG 2Substitution 5. and 6.,
A, R 2Known, obtain two about b and R AgEquation, solving an equation obtains b and R AgValue.Because (ρ and S are respectively the resistivity and the sectional area of tested cable conductor heart yearn), so:
In the formula: ρ and S are respectively the resistivity and the sectional area of tested cable conductor heart yearn, R AgBe the resistance of tested wireline test end to trouble spot cable conductor heart yearn.
Claims (6)
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Cited By (8)
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| CN102981112A (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2013-03-20 | 北京动力源科技股份有限公司 | A method, an apparatus and a circuit for fault detection |
| CN103513153A (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2014-01-15 | 上海富欣智能交通控制有限公司 | Input and output channel mixed wire detecting circuit |
| CN103675556A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-03-26 | 兰州众邦电线电缆集团有限公司 | Electric wire load test device |
| CN103743997A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-04-23 | 柳州职业技术学院 | Low-voltage cable fault flaw detector |
| CN104076244A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2014-10-01 | 西安电子科技大学 | Cable fault detection device based on industrial control board and FPGA |
| CN105158645A (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2015-12-16 | 许昌华元电工器材有限公司 | Method for testing electromagnetic wire |
| CN106353643A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-01-25 | 雷细军 | Resistance proportion cable fault tester |
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| CN102981112A (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2013-03-20 | 北京动力源科技股份有限公司 | A method, an apparatus and a circuit for fault detection |
| CN102981112B (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2015-04-22 | 北京动力源科技股份有限公司 | A method, an apparatus and a circuit for fault detection |
| CN103513153A (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2014-01-15 | 上海富欣智能交通控制有限公司 | Input and output channel mixed wire detecting circuit |
| CN103513153B (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2016-05-04 | 上海富欣智能交通控制有限公司 | I/O channel swinging cross testing circuit |
| CN103743997A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-04-23 | 柳州职业技术学院 | Low-voltage cable fault flaw detector |
| CN103675556A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-03-26 | 兰州众邦电线电缆集团有限公司 | Electric wire load test device |
| CN104076244A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2014-10-01 | 西安电子科技大学 | Cable fault detection device based on industrial control board and FPGA |
| CN105158645A (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2015-12-16 | 许昌华元电工器材有限公司 | Method for testing electromagnetic wire |
| CN106353643A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-01-25 | 雷细军 | Resistance proportion cable fault tester |
| CN106353643B (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2019-05-28 | 雷细军 | Resistance ratio electric cable failure detector |
| CN109507540A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-03-22 | 孟小晶 | High value ground short circuit fault point is pressed to search instrument and lookup method in one kind |
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