CN102075785A - Method for correcting wide-angle camera lens distortion of automatic teller machine (ATM) - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of image processing, in particular relating to a method for correcting wide-angle camera lens distortion of an automatic teller machine (ATM). The method comprises the following steps: establishing a database in accordance with correction parameters for the wide-angle camera lens distortions of ATMs of different types from different manufacturers; shooting a wide-angle image in a scene containing a plurality of straight lines; manually extracting curves in the image; determining a group of optimal correction parameters for the wide-angle camera lens of the ATM; and correcting the wide-angle image in accordance with the optimal parameters. By utilizing the method provided by the invention, the optimal correction parameters can be acquired fast and accurately, and the wide-angle lens images can be accurately corrected based on the optimal parameters.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of image processing, in particular to a method for correcting the distortion of a wide-angle camera lens of an ATM (automatic Teller machine).
Background
The image correction technology can establish a corresponding mathematical model according to the image distortion reason, extract required information from the distorted image signal, and recover the original undistorted image by solving the inverse process of image distortion. The wide-angle lens distortion image correction technology can effectively recover distortion information of distortion images in the monitoring video, improves accuracy of key clue identification of the monitoring images such as human faces and the like, and has important significance for improving depth application capability of criminal investigation images, further improving case solving rate of public security departments and maintaining social public safety.
In the existing method, the method based on the calibration plate solves the internal and external parameters of the camera by establishing the relationship between the three-dimensional coordinates and the feature point set of the image plane coordinates, thereby correcting the distorted image. This type of method has a high correction accuracy, but it requires a high accuracy calibration block or plate, which is difficult to implement in many practical applications. The other method is based on the existing geometric characteristics in the scene, and the original geometric characteristic information of the distorted image scenery is used for correction. As suggested in document 1 by Moumen Ahmed et al in 2005, a set of parameters is obtained to correct a curve in an image into a straight line by minimizing a distortion measure objective function according to the characteristic that a straight line in a scene corresponds to a curve in a perspective image, and this method may fall into local optimality due to the need of multiple iterations. In 2010, JunFujiki et al, the japan industrial complex technology institute, proposed a model selection-based radial symmetric distortion correction method in document 2. The method comprises the steps of linearly representing a distortion model through a group of model basis functions, taking correction precision of straight characteristic points in an image as coefficients of linear combination of basis functions of a target solving model, and finally correcting the image according to the linearly combined distortion model. However, the algorithm does not constrain the search space of the parameters in the optimization process, the optimal parameters are difficult to converge to the global optimal solution due to the overlarge search space, and the image correction precision is difficult to improve.
Document 1: moumen Ahmed, Aly Farag. nometric Calibration of Camera Lens departure: IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, Vol.14, No.8, Aug 2005
Document 2: jun Fujiki, Hideitsuhino, YumiUsami, ShotaroAkahol, Nobouu Murata.Self-simulation of radial symmetry diagnosis by model selection.20 th International Conference on Pattern recognition.2010, pp.1812-1815
Document 3: ZHengyou Zhang. A Flexible New Technique for Camera calibration. IEEE Transactions on Pattern analysis and Machine analysis, Vol.22, No.11, pages 1330-
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a wide-angle camera lens distortion correction method for an ATM machine, so as to achieve fast and efficient wide-angle lens distortion correction for the ATM machine.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
according to a camera calibration method based on a moving plane template, the wide-angle camera lens correction parameters of ATM machines of different manufacturers and different models are solved, wherein the parameters comprise a transverse distortion parameter k1Longitudinal distortion parameter k2Center of transverse distortion u0And a center of longitudinal distortion v0Establishing a library according to the distortion correction parameters of the wide-angle camera lens of the ATM of different manufacturers and different models:
shooting a wide-angle image in a scene containing a plurality of straight lines, and taking M curves L on the image1,L2,...,Lj,...,LMJ is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M, manual marking is carried out, LjFrom NjDotI is not less than 1 and not more than NjLet a straight lineAnd a straight lineAt a point of intersection ofCoordinates of (2)Is the center of distortion of the wide-angle image;
According to the correction parameterAnd assigning a pixel value of the distorted image coordinate (u, v) to a corresponding point of the corrected image coordinate (u ', v') by the following formula:
Determining a group of optimal parameters for correcting the wide-angle camera lens of the ATMComprises the following substeps:
to a certain set of parameters in the distortion correction parameter libraryAll the feature occupancies on each curve were calculated using the following formulaCorrected image coordinates
Wherein,the distortion measure of the image after the image is corrected by the set of coefficients is:
the smallest of these s distortion measures is denoted DE _ k*The set of parameters to which it corresponds is notedIf DE _ k*Less than a predetermined threshold value epsilon, the groupThe optimal correction parameters of the wide-angle camera lens of the ATM are obtained; otherwise, the parameters are setIs set to an initial value, i.e. At this time, the distortion center q0Has the coordinates ofMake a straight lineAnd a straight lineAt a point of intersection of
Secondly, the correction parameter k obtained in the previous step is adjusted by the following two formulas1,k2,u0,v0Value of }:
wherein alpha is1And alpha2Are each k1And k2Iteration step size of, beta1And beta2Are each u0And v0The iteration step size of (2);
thirdly, calculating characteristic points on each straight line according to the new correction parameter values obtained in the step (2)Corrected image coordinates
if DE _ k is less than the predetermined threshold ε Then this group isThe optimal correction parameters of the wide-angle camera lens of the ATM are obtained; otherwise, the process turns to step two.
The preset threshold epsilon is as follows: 10 ∈ ═ 10-2。
Establishing a library according to the distortion correction parameters of the wide-angle camera lens of the ATM of different manufacturers and different models:
s is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to S, and S groups of parameters are provided in total, wherein each group of parameters comprises the transverse distortion degreeDegree of longitudinal distortionCenter of distortionThe number of the four parameters is four,andrespectively, a transverse distortion center and a longitudinal distortion center.
When there is no pixel value at (u ', v'), the pixel value at (u ', v') is found by an interpolation algorithm.
The invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
1) the invention can effectively correct various ATM wide-angle lenses by establishing different types of ATM wide-angle lens correction parameter libraries of different manufacturers;
2) the invention can quickly and accurately obtain the optimal correction parameters, and based on the optimal parameters, the wide-angle lens image can be accurately corrected.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method for correcting the lens distortion of the wide-angle camera of the ATM.
Detailed Description
The method for correcting the lens distortion of the wide-angle camera of the ATM, as shown in figure 1, comprises the following steps:
1. establishing a wide-angle camera lens correction parameter library of ATM machines of different manufacturers and different models:
in this step, the calibration parameters of the wide-angle camera lens of the ATM machine of different manufacturers and models can be obtained according to the camera calibration method based on the moving plane template proposed by zhangying friend of microsoft research institute in document 3, and these parameters include the transverse distortion parameter k1Longitudinal distortion parameter k2Center of transverse distortion u0And a center of longitudinal distortion v0Establishing a library according to the distortion correction parameters of the wide-angle camera lens of the ATM of different manufacturers and different models:
s is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to S, and S groups of parameters are provided in total, wherein each group of parameters comprises the transverse distortion degreeDegree of longitudinal distortionCenter of distortionThe number of the four parameters is four,anda transverse distortion center and a longitudinal distortion center, respectively;
2. taking a wide-angle image in a scene containing a plurality of straight lines:
in a scene containing a plurality of straight lines, shooting a wide-angle image by using a wide-angle camera of an ATM (automatic Teller machine) of a certain model;
3. manually extracting the image of the scene straight line in the image:
for M curves L on the image shot in the step 21,L2,...,Lj,...,LMJ is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M, manual marking is carried out, LjFrom NjDotI is not less than 1 and not more than NjLet a straight lineAnd a straight lineAt a point of intersection ofCoordinates of (2)Is the center of distortion of the wide-angle image;
4. determining a set of optimal parameters for the wide-angle camera lens calibration of the ATM
(1) For a certain set of parameters in the distortion correction parameter libraryAll the characteristic points on each curve are calculated by using the following formulaCorrected image coordinates
Wherein,the distortion measure of the image after the image is corrected by the set of coefficients is:
the smallest of these s distortion measures is denoted DE _ k*The set of parameters to which it corresponds is notedIf DE _ k*Less than a predetermined threshold value of 10 ∈-2Then this groupThe optimal correction parameters of the wide-angle camera lens of the ATM are obtained. Otherwise, the parameters are setIs set to an initial value, i.e. At this time, the distortion center q0Has the coordinates ofMake a straight lineAnd a straight lineAt a point of intersection of
(2) The correction parameter k obtained in the previous step is adjusted by the following two formulas1,k2,u0,v0Value of }:
wherein alpha is1And alpha2Are each k1And k2Iteration step size of, beta1And beta2Are each u0And v0The iteration step size of.
(3) Calculating the characteristic points on each straight line according to the new correction parameter values obtained in the step (2)Corrected image coordinates
if DE _ k is smaller than the preset threshold value epsilon to 10-2Let us order Then this group isThe optimal correction parameters of the wide-angle camera lens of the ATM are obtained. Otherwise, turning to (2)
5. Correcting the wide-angle image of the ATM based on the optimal correction parameters obtained in the step 4:
according to the correction parameterAnd assigning a pixel value of the distorted image coordinate (u, v) to a corresponding point of the corrected image coordinate (u ', v') (if u ", v" is not an integer, they are made integer by rounding) by the following formula:
wherein,when the corrected image has no pixel value at (u ', v'), the pixel value at (u ', v') is obtained by an interpolation algorithm.
The invention can effectively correct various ATM wide-angle lenses by establishing different types of ATM wide-angle lens correction parameter libraries of different manufacturers. Particularly, if the correction parameter information of the wide-angle camera to be corrected is in the lens correction parameter library established by us, the wide-angle camera to be corrected can quickly and accurately correct the wide-angle image without iteration; if the correction parameter information of the wide-angle camera is not in a lens correction parameter library established by people, iteration can be carried out by taking the group of parameters with the minimum distortion measure as initial values, so that the optimal correction parameters can be quickly and accurately obtained, and the wide-angle lens image can be accurately corrected based on the group of optimal parameters.
The above embodiments are provided only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and therefore all equivalent technical solutions are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for correcting the distortion of a wide-angle camera lens of an ATM is characterized by comprising the following steps:
according to a camera calibration method based on a moving plane template, the wide-angle camera lens correction parameters of ATM machines of different manufacturers and different models are solved, wherein the parameters comprise a transverse distortion parameter k1Longitudinal distortion parameter k2Center of transverse distortion u0And a center of longitudinal distortion v0Establishing a library according to the correction parameters of the wide-angle camera lens of the ATM of different manufacturers and different models:
in the inclusion ofShooting a wide-angle image in a scene with a plurality of straight lines, and carrying out M curves L on the image1,L2,...,Lj,...,LMJ is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M, manual marking is carried out, LjFrom NjDotI is not less than 1 and not more than NjLet a straight lineAnd a straight lineAt a point of intersection ofCoordinates of (2)Is the center of distortion of the wide-angle image;
determining a set of optimal parameters for the wide-angle camera lens calibration of the ATM
According to the correction parameterAnd assigning a pixel value of the distorted image coordinate (u, v) to a corresponding point of the corrected image coordinate (u ', v') by the following formula:
2. An ATM wide-angle camera lens distortion correction method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
determining a group of optimal parameters for correcting the wide-angle camera lens of the ATMComprises the following substeps:
to a certain set of parameters in the distortion correction parameter libraryAll the feature occupancies on each curve were calculated using the following formulaCorrected image coordinates
Wherein,and correcting the image by using the set of coefficients, wherein the distortion measure of the corrected image is as follows:
the smallest of these s distortion measures is denoted DE _ k*The set of parameters to which it corresponds is notedIf DE _ k*Less than a predetermined threshold value epsilon, the groupThe optimal correction parameters of the wide-angle camera lens of the ATM are obtained; otherwise, the parameters are setIs set to an initial value, i.e. At this time, the distortion center q0Has the coordinates ofMake a straight lineAnd a straight lineAt a point of intersection of
Secondly, the correction parameter k obtained in the previous step is adjusted by the following two formulas1,k2,u0,v0Value of }:
wherein alpha is1And alpha2Are each k1And k2Iteration step size of, beta1And beta2Are each u0And v0The iteration step size of (2);
thirdly, calculating characteristic points on each straight line according to the new correction parameter values obtained in the step (2)Corrected image coordinates
3. An ATM wide-angle camera lens distortion correction method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the preset threshold epsilon is as follows: 10 ∈ ═ 10-2。
4. An ATM wide-angle camera lens distortion correction method according to claim 1, wherein:
establishing a library according to the distortion correction parameters of the wide-angle camera lens of the ATM of different manufacturers and different models:
s is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to S, and S groups of parameters are provided in total, wherein each group of parameters comprises the transverse distortion degreeDegree of longitudinal distortionCenter of distortionThe number of the four parameters is four,andrespectively, a transverse distortion center and a longitudinal distortion center.
5. An ATM wide-angle camera lens distortion correction method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: when there is no pixel value at (u ', v'), the pixel value at (u ', v') is found by an interpolation algorithm.
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