CN102075119A - Lorentz force propeller - Google Patents
Lorentz force propeller Download PDFInfo
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- CN102075119A CN102075119A CN2009102191534A CN200910219153A CN102075119A CN 102075119 A CN102075119 A CN 102075119A CN 2009102191534 A CN2009102191534 A CN 2009102191534A CN 200910219153 A CN200910219153 A CN 200910219153A CN 102075119 A CN102075119 A CN 102075119A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a propeller. In the propeller, propulsive force is from Lorentz force in a magnetic field generated by kinetic charged particles in a variational electric field, so the propeller is named a Lorentz force propeller. In the Lorentz force propeller, a carrier of the kinetic charged particles and a device for generating the variational electric field are fixed together. The Lorentz force propeller can be propelled only by electric energy without propellants and external media, so the Lorentz force propeller can be widely applied to various propelling fields.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of propeller, specifically, relate to a kind of with the propeller of Lorentz force as propulsive force.
Background technology
The charged particle of motion and the electric field of variation can produce magnetic field, but the character in the magnetic field that they produce is different fully.
The charged particle of motion produces magnetic field, and the influence that particle institute carried charge is not moved.This explanation, the electric energy that charged particle has can not change because of the generation of magnetic field (magnetic energy in other words).What be subjected to motion effects only is the distribution of electric energy, i.e. the distribution of electric field.When one timing of particle institute carried charge, the movement velocity of particle is depended in the magnetic field that the charged particle of linear uniform motion produces fully.And magnetic field is the monotropic function of speed.That is to say, when the motion state one of charged particle determines that charged particle just has definite magnetic field corresponding with it.This shows that the magnetic field that the charged particle of motion produces is the quantity of state of describing the charging particle movement state.What quantity of state reflected is the state of object, and its can independently exist but can not break away from object because of the difference of referential is different.So the magnetic field that the charged particle of motion produces can be different because of the difference of referential, but it can not break away from charged particle and independently exist, and it is the own field of charged particle.
The same with kinetic energy, the magnetic field that the charged particle of motion produces also is the motion state that reflects object with the form of energy.Different is, kinetic energy is described motion state by quality, and kinetic energy concentrates on the object; And motion state is described by electric weight in the magnetic field that the charged particle of motion produces, and Distribution of Magnetic Field is in the space around the particle.
The electric field that changes also can produce magnetic field.According to conservation of energy principle, produce in the process in magnetic field at the electric field that changes, the gross energy of electromagnetic field remains unchanged.In other words, when magnetic energy constantly produced, electric energy was in continuous minimizing---and magnetic energy is transformed by the electric energy that disappears.The electric field that changes produces the process in magnetic field, and an energy is the process of magnetic energy form from the electric energy formal transformation exactly.And electric energy and magnetic energy difference localization are in electric field and magnetic field.According to electric field superposition principle, in the arbitrary moment in said process, initial electric field all can be considered by two separate electric fields and is formed by stacking: one is the electric field that has been converted into the electric energy localization of magnetic energy; Another is the magnetic field of remaining electric energy localization.Obviously, previous electric field has produced magnetic field, but it has disappeared.Though the electric field in back still exists, it does not also produce magnetic field.Because two electric fields are separate, so a magnetic field and a back electric field that previous electric field produces are also separate.In other words, produce in the process in magnetic field at the electric field that changes, magnetic field and electric field are separate.Previous electric field still connects magnetic field and the tie of the device of the electric field that changes.Along with its disappearance, the magnetic field that the electric field of variation produces not only is independent of electric field, and is independent of the device of the electric field that changes.(contrast in this, produce in the process in magnetic field, exist all the time as the electric field of the tie that connects magnetic field and particle at the charged particle of motion.) electric field that changes, and the device of the electric field that changes only is the initial condition that produces magnetic field.The magnetic field that the electric field that changes produces is radiation field, and it and referential have nothing to do.
Relation between the magnetic field that the electric field that changes produces and the device of the electric field that changes is similar to the relation between electromagnetic wave and the antenna.Antenna only is the initial condition that generates electromagnetic waves.When electromagnetic wave in case produce, it just with antenna without any having concerned---electromagnetic wave disengaging antenna independently exists.
Note, produce radiation field, electric field just must " really " change.Such as following two kinds of situations, the variation of electric field is a superficial phenomenon, so can not produce radiation field.
First kind of situation: the electric field of charged particle, its distribution meeting changes because of the difference of charging particle movement speed.As if the magnetic field of the charged particle of motion generation comes from the variation of electric field.In fact, the variation of the electric field of Fa Shenging here comes from observer's angle.The electric field that charged particle produces is own of particle, judges that whether it changes should be object of reference with the charged particle.With respect to charged particle, the electric field that particle produces and the movement velocity of particle are irrelevant.When charged particle produced magnetic field because of motion, with respect to charged particle, electric field did not change.Why observing the movement velocity variation of the distribution meeting of electric field with particle, is because the residing referential of observer with respect to charged particle variation has taken place, and is that the observer " thinks " that variation has taken place electric field.The magnetic field that the charged particle of motion produces is not the variation that comes from electric field.Comparatively speaking, can think that it comes from the motion of electric field.
Second kind of situation:, can not produce magnetic field by the change variation of the particle electric field that causes of particle institute carried charge.This be because, particle institute carried charge changes, essence is that variation has taken place the quantity that particle carries electric charge.And the electric field of each charge generation that particle carries does not all change with respect to the electric charge and the charged particle that produce it.
The magnetic field that changes also can produce electric field, but this is the another one problem, is the problem that magnetic energy is converted into electric energy.In like manner, the electric field of the magnetic field of variation generation is independent of magnetic field.The electric field that changes produces magnetic field, and the magnetic field of variation produces electric field, and modal example is exactly an electromagnetic wave.Exactly because the electric field that the magnetic field that the electric field that changes produces and the magnetic field of variation produce all is a radiation field, has just formed electromagnetic wave, and has made electromagnetic wave to propagate.
The electric field of the charged particle of static or linear uniform motion all is radially, and electric field line all is straight.With respect to charged particle, the distribution of electric field also is identical.Below this state of particle electric field is called " normality ".When charged particle had acceleration, the electric field of particle no longer all was radially---the cross stream component perpendicular to radially will appear in electric field.The generation of cross stream component and the movement velocity of particle are irrelevant, and it only depends on the acceleration that particle has.With respect to charged particle, variation has taken place in electric field.Because particle institute carried charge remains unchanged, so when cross stream component produced, radial component had reduced.According to electric field superposition principle, cross stream component and radial component can be considered as two separate electric fields: transverse electric field and radial electric field.They below are discussed respectively.
Regardless of the movement velocity of charged particle, the electric field of charged particle all presents normality.This has disclosed, and because of charged particle has the electric field that the charged particle that changes taken place acceleration the trend that returns normality is arranged.That is to say that transverse electric field has the trend of disappearance.The transverse electric field that disappears will produce magnetic field---and the electric field of variation produces magnetic field.As previously mentioned, this magnetic field is radiation field---charged particle has produced electromagnetic radiation.Illustrate that a bit when the acceleration of charged particle remained unchanged or increases, transverse electric field did not only reduce, disappears, remain unchanged on the contrary or increase.Electromagnetic radiation simultaneously still exists.As if this contradict with " magnetic field produces, and electric field disappears ".This is because the cause that external force effect (charged particle has the reason of acceleration) and electromagnetic radiation are carried out simultaneously in fact.External force constantly changes the electric field of charged particle, and electric field line is constantly crooked, and transverse electric field constantly increases; And electromagnetic radiation makes the electric field of charged particle constantly return normality, and it is straight that electric field line constantly returns, and transverse electric field constantly reduces.When the effect of external force is equal to or greater than time spent of doing of electromagnetic radiation, the transverse electric field of increase just equals or more than the transverse electric field that reduces.Electromagnetic radiation just occurred constantly produced this moment, and transverse electric field remains unchanged or the phenomenon that increases.
Radial electric field changes, and is because under external force, and the part electric field of charged particle is by original radially having become laterally.Suppose that the electric charge that charged particle can be carried is divided into two parts: the electric field of a part of electric charge has all become laterally; The electric field of another part electric charge still keeps radially.The electric field of a part of charge generation in back does not change, and all presents normality.The quantity of this part electric charge has determined the size of radial electric field.As seen, the variation of radial electric field is equivalent to because of particle and carries the electric field change that the quantity of electric charge changes and causes.As previously mentioned, this can not produce electromagnetic radiation.
Though having the charged particle generation electromagnetic radiation of acceleration is because variation has taken place the electric field of charged particle, the essence of radiation is that the electric field of the charged particle of variation has the trend that returns normality.
In sum, the magnetic field that the charged particle of motion produces is own of particle, and it and charged particle are the integral body of an interwoveness; And the electric field that changes generation magnetic field is radiation field, the device that it is independent of electric field and produces electric field.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of propeller, it neither needs propellant, also need not only rely on electric energy just can realize advancing by external agency.
For achieving the above object, the present invention mainly comprises two parts: a part is as the carrier of the charged particle of motion; Another part is by the electric field that changes and then produces the device in magnetic field.These two parts are fixed together, and form a system.Relative position between them, in the magnetic field that the electric field that makes the charged particle that moves be in variation produces, and the direction in the direction of motion of charged particle and magnetic field is not parallel.The magnetic field that the electric field that changes produces is independent of the device of the electric field that changes, and therefore also just is independent of said system.When the charged particle of motion was subjected to Lorentz force in the magnetic field of the electric field generation of variation, the device of the electric field that changes can not be subjected to reaction force.For said system, this Lorentz force is an external force.Because the device of the carrier of charged particle and the electric field that changes is fixed together, so when the carrier of charged particle moves under this Lorentz force effect, the change device of electric field of drive is together moved.System has realized propelling thus.
Because the propeller utilization is Lorentz force, be the active force that in magnetic field, is subjected to of charged particle of motion, so with its called after " Lorentz force propeller ".
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of front view of Lorentz force propeller operation principle.
Fig. 2 is a kind of left view of Lorentz force propeller operation principle.
Fig. 3 is a kind of schematic diagram by preferred embodiment.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 operation principle of the present invention is described.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.L
0It is an air core coil.I
0Be one from coil L
0In the conductor that passes.Conductor I
0With coil L
0Be fixed together, form a Lorentz force propeller.Conductor I
0With coil L
0Between the insulation.Discuss for convenient, suppose coil L
0Be desirable, promptly do not have internal resistance.
Time-dependent current was from coil L at that time
0In when flowing through, coil L
0In will produce magnetic field, will produce induced electric field in the coil windings.Become when generally speaking, induced electric field also is.During stable state and since extra electric field stop that induced electric field can not form electric current.The induced electric field that changes will produce magnetic field.At this moment, the magnetic field in the coil is formed by two magnetic field superposition.They one be the magnetic field that electric current produces, just the magnetic field that produces of the charged particle of motion is the magnetic field that produces because of the movement velocity of charged particle.It depends on the size of electric current.Another is the magnetic field that induced electric field produces, and the magnetic field of the electric field that just changes generation is the magnetic field that produces because of the acceleration that charged particle has.It depends on the frequency of electric current.Outwardly, the magnetic field that produces of induced electric field the same, all linked with one another with the magnetic field that electric current produces with coil, closely link to each other.But in fact, the magnetic field that induced electric field produces is radiation field, and it is independent of coil L
0
As conductor I
0In when also having electric current to flow through, conductor I
0To be subjected to two Ampere forces (macro manifestations of Lorentz force).For by conductor I
0With coil L
0The system that forms, conductor I
0The Ampere force that is subjected in the magnetic field that electric current produces is system's internal force, and the Ampere force that is subjected in the magnetic field that induced electric field produces is system's external force.Because conductor I
0With coil L
0Be fixed together, so as conductor I
0In the magnetic field that induced electric field produces, during stressed motion, will drive coil L
0Together motion.System has realized propelling thus.
Though the magnetic field that induced electric field produces is radiation field, generally speaking, coil is radiated electromagnetic wave outwards.This is because coil as transmitting antenna the time, is again that a reception antenna---the magnetic field of its radiation has all been received by oneself.Coil receives the phenomenon in the magnetic field of own radiation, is exactly the self inductance of coil.
Note, can not be at coil L
0In magnetic core (iron core) is set.Because the magnetic field of magnetic core is produced by the charged particle of motion.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 3 a preferred embodiment of the present invention is described.
Referring to Fig. 3.L
1It is a ring-like air core coil.I
1, I
2, I
3, I
4, I
5, I
6Be 6 from coil L
1In the conductor that passes, they are divided into two-layer up and down: I
1, I
2, I
3On the upper strata; I
4, I
5, I
6In lower floor.Conductor I
1, I
2, I
3, I
4, I
5, I
6Respectively with coil L
1Be fixed together, form a Lorentz force propeller.F is the direction of propulsive force.
Illustrate:
1, for as depicted in figs. 1 and 2 coil L
0, when electric current therefrom flows through, coil L
0Inside and outside all can produce magnetic field.For eliminating the issuable adverse effect of coil external magnetic field, among Fig. 3, preferred embodiment has been selected an end to end annular coil L for use
1If the influence of coil external magnetic field is less, perhaps there is other method to eliminate its adverse effect, coil L
1Can select ring-like.
2, because the direction in the magnetic field that induced electric field produces becomes when being, for realizing effective propelling, conductor I
1, I
2, I
3, I
4, I
5, I
6In sense of current become also should be the time.Conductor answers frequency identical with the electric current in the coil, and phase difference is the integral multiple in 1/2 cycle.When phase difference was odd-multiple or even-multiple, the direction of propulsive force was opposite.
3, because conductor I
1, I
2, I
3With conductor I
4, I
5, I
6Residing magnetic direction is opposite, thus arbitrary moment, conductor I
1, I
2, I
3With conductor I
4, I
5, I
6Middle sense of current also should be opposite.
4, Fig. 3 only is the schematic diagram of preferred embodiment.Wherein, parameters such as the shape of coil, the number of turn, the quantity of conductor, position etc. all can change according to actual needs.
Claims (3)
1. a propeller is characterized in that, the Lorentz force that propulsive force comes the charged particle of autokinesis to be subjected in the magnetic field that the electric field that changes produces, and the device of the carrier of the charged particle of motion and the electric field that changes is fixed together.
2. propeller according to claim 1, wherein, with the carrier of conductor as the charged particle of motion.
3. propeller according to claim 1, wherein, with the device of coil as the electric field that changes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009102191534A CN102075119A (en) | 2009-11-25 | 2009-11-25 | Lorentz force propeller |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009102191534A CN102075119A (en) | 2009-11-25 | 2009-11-25 | Lorentz force propeller |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102075119A true CN102075119A (en) | 2011-05-25 |
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ID=44033496
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009102191534A Pending CN102075119A (en) | 2009-11-25 | 2009-11-25 | Lorentz force propeller |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102075119A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106428497A (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2017-02-22 | 东南大学 | Electromagnetic fluid surface vectored thruster and underwater device adopting thruster |
| CN106800097A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-06-06 | 扬州大学 | A kind of space flight self start type propeller |
-
2009
- 2009-11-25 CN CN2009102191534A patent/CN102075119A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106428497A (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2017-02-22 | 东南大学 | Electromagnetic fluid surface vectored thruster and underwater device adopting thruster |
| CN106428497B (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2018-07-17 | 东南大学 | Electromagnetic fluid surface vector propeller and the underwater units for using the propeller |
| CN106800097A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-06-06 | 扬州大学 | A kind of space flight self start type propeller |
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Application publication date: 20110525 |