CN102051534A - Damping wear-resistant copper alloy material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Damping wear-resistant copper alloy material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a damping wear-resistant copper alloy material and a preparation method thereof. In the damping wear-resistant copper alloy material, copper alloy serves as a matrix; steel wire rolls and carbon fibers are distributed in the matrix; the diameter of each steel wire roll is 10 to 15 centimeters; each steel wire has a rectangular section and the section size is 0.1-0.4 mm*0.5-1.5 mm; the weight ratio of the steel wires to the carbon fibers is 25-30:1; and the steel wires and the carbon fibers account for 20 to 40 percent of the volume of the material. The damping wear-resistant copper alloy material prepared by the method has high toughness and wear resistance, and is simple in process and low in production cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material field, relate to a kind of damping wear-resistant copper alloy material, be specifically related to a kind of steel wire and carbon fiber and strengthen damping wear-resistant copper alloy material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In metal material field, the damping wear-resistant copper alloy is subjected to generally paying attention to as low-cost high-abrasive material always.
CN200810243568.0 number application discloses a kind of brass alloys smelting technology, and its preparation method has following steps: a. early-stage preparations: the baking metallic surface; B. Metal Melting: in corundum crucible, add manganese successively, cobalt and iron, the fusing back adds copper in liquation, zinc and aluminium, the melting sampling analysis is come out of the stove and is obtained high-strength wear resistant brass, add in the brass cobalt is arranged, the mass content 58～65% of copper wherein, the mass content 2～8% of iron, the mass content 20～26% of zinc, the mass content 2～6% of manganese, the mass content 3～9% of aluminium, the mass content of cobalt are 0.03%, can solve existing brass alloys and can not satisfy problem as the parts of bearings requirement, hardness can arrive more than the 235HB, tensile strength etc. and 780MPa, yield strength is greater than 680MPa, and unit elongation is more than 12%, be greatly improved than national standard, can improve the crushing resistance and the frictional property of bearing greatly.Yet its complicated process of preparation, and the wear resisting property of gained material improves limited.
CN200710158225.X number application discloses the good copper-based multicomponent alloy of a kind of wear resistance, form by copper, zinc, aluminium, magnesium, silicon, nickel, chromium, niobium and cerium, the content of each component is respectively: zinc 25-30%, aluminium 3-5%, magnesium 0.25-0.5 %, silicon 2-3%, nickel 0.5-2%, chromium 4-6%, niobium 0.08-0.12%, cerium 0.05-0.15%, all the other are the content of copper.Wherein be added with rare-earth element cerium, make the crystal structure sex change of copper base alloy, solved the problem of machine wearing piece wear resisting property difference in the past, also have hardness height, characteristics that wear resistance is good.
Although added in the above technology such as special elementses such as niobium, cerium, nickel, cobalts, it is limited that the copper alloy wear resistance improves.
Chen Yisheng etc. discuss the research and development present situation of copper damping alloy at the Shanghai of 2007 the 3rd phases metal magazine.Cu21015Al26Mn, Cu21115Al26Mn, Cu211Al28Mn alloy are that 23.85-25.03PHz, stress amplitude are the in-fighting Q of 4.05-40.5MPa scope at resonant frequency
-1(* 10
-2) be 3.981-12.415.But the wear resistance of material is little.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly at above-mentioned technological deficiency, and a kind of damping wear-resistant copper alloy material is provided.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of damping wear-resistant copper alloy preparation methods.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of damping wear-resistant copper alloy material, this material is a matrix with the copper alloy, the steel wire that distributing in matrix group and carbon fiber; It is 10～15cm that described steel wire is rolled into a ball diameter, and used section of steel wire is a rectangle, and specification is 0.1～0.4mm * 0.5～1.5mm; The weight ratio of described steel wire and carbon fiber is 25～30:1, and the volume percent that steel wire and carbon fiber account for material altogether is 20-40%;
The following chemical components in percentage by weight of copper alloy matrix: Al is 10%～12%, and Sn is 1%～3%, and Si is 1%～2%, and Mn is 3%～5%, and Fe is 0.04%～0.06%, and Zr is 0.05%～0. 1%, and all the other are Cu;
The following chemical components in percentage by weight of steel wire is: C is 0.55%～0.75%, and Si is 0.2%～0.3%, and Mn is 0.25%～0.35%, P＜0.02%, and S＜0.025%, all the other are Fe;
Carbon fiber is T300, and diameter is 7 microns, and length-to-diameter ratio is 100～400:1.
Also be distributed with Cu on the above-mentioned matrix
3N, Si
3N
4Compound particle.
A kind of damping wear-resistant copper alloy preparation methods, it may further comprise the steps:
The preparation of nitriding steel wire group and carbon fiber: getting the cross section is rectangle, and specification is that 0.1～0.4mm * 0.5～1.5mm, composition are that C is 0.55%～0.75%, Si is 0.2%～0.3%, Mn is 0.25%～0.35%, P＜0.02%, S＜0.025%, all the other are the steel wire of Fe, and diameter is that 7 microns, length-to-diameter ratio are the T300 carbon fiber of 100～400:1; The weight ratio of described steel wire and carbon fiber is 25～30:1, and the volume percent that steel wire and carbon fiber account for material altogether is 20～40%; Steel wire is pressed the ordinary method preparation cleaning globular steel wire group that cleaning ball is produced, and the diameter of steel wire group is 10～15cm, and the method for thermo-chemical treatment routinely prepares nitriding steel wire group at its surface carburization, and the thickness of described nitrided case is 50～100 μ m;
Nitriding steel wire group adheres to the preparation of carbon fiber: water glass solution is immersed in group with the nitriding steel wire, and the concentration of water glass solution is 1.3～1.5 g/cm
3, modulus is 2.6～3.0; Steel wire group is taken out from water glass solution, and then carbon fiber rubbed spread in the steel wire group that has water glass solution, make carbon fiber evenly be bonded at Steel Wire Surface; After treating that water glass solidifies, the steel wire group that adheres to carbon fiber is put into the casting mold die cavity; The tightness of steel wire group accounts for the volume percent decision of material by steel wire and carbon fiber, and guarantees that steel wire group just in time piles casting mold; Mo(u)ld top half with casting mold is placed on the mo(u)ld bottom half then, waits for the cast of copper alloy water after mould assembling finishes;
The preparation of damping wear-resistant copper alloy matrix: percentage composition Al is 10%～12% by weight, and Sn is 1%～3%, and Si is 1%～2%, and Mn is 3%～5%, and Fe is 0.04%～0.06%, and Zr is 0.05%～0. 1%, and all the other are prepared burden for Cu; The damping copper alloy matrix melted in induction furnace obtain damping copper alloy water, temperature of fusion is 1120～1150 ℃;
Above-mentioned damping copper alloy water is poured into the casting mold that the steel wire group that is stained with carbon fiber is housed, liquid copper alloy water enters steel wire group gap carbon fiber and steel wire is surrounded, cooled and solidified then, forming with the damping copper alloy is the material that wherein is distributed with carbon fiber and steel wire group of matrix.
The present invention's beneficial effect compared to existing technology is as follows:
(1) steel wire self has suitable intensity and high toughness in the material of the present invention.Because of iron and copper have certain solubleness each other, so steel wire and copper alloy be easy to combine, and forms good metallurgical binding.Like this, steel wire is distributed in the copper alloy, and material is had good enhancing toughening effect, and the steel wire carbon content is higher simultaneously, has wear-resisting effect.
(2) be distributed with carbon fiber in the material, carbon fiber not only has antifriction function, and and the steel wire acting in conjunction, therefore the toughness of strongthener and intensity help the alloy wear-resisting performance and improve.
(3) copper alloy water enters casting mold die cavity and nitriding steel wire connection after touch, and the nitrogen of Steel Wire Surface is fused to copper water and forms Cu
3N, Si in the copper water and the N of Steel Wire Surface reaction form the high Si of a small amount of hardness
3N
4Special compound.Formed this special compound disperse is distributed in the matrix, has further improved the wear resistance of material.
(4) in addition, the section of steel wire in the material is a rectangle, and contains tiny carbon fiber, so the alloy median surface is many, and surface-area is big, and this material has good damping vibration attenuation performance; And it is spherical in shape that steel wire is made steel wire group, the carbon fiber uniform distribution in material that is beneficial to steel wire and adheres on it.
(5) alloy material of the present invention need not valuable rare earth element, and the cost of material is low, and preparation technology is easy, and production cost is low, and the alloy material performance of production is good, and is convenient to very much suitability for industrialized production.
Alloy property of the present invention sees Table 1.
Description of drawings
The metallographic structure of steel wire that Fig. 1 makes for the embodiment of the invention one and the compound enhancing damping of carbon fiber wear-resistant copper alloy material.
Fig. 1 can see at copper alloy and combining well with steel wire.
Embodiment
Below each embodiment only as explanation of the present invention, weight percent wherein all can change weight g, kg or other weight unit into.Among each embodiment used steel wire and carbon fiber be commercial, boride layer self-control.
Embodiment one
The following chemical components in percentage by weight of damping wear-resistant copper alloy matrix: Al is 10%, and Sn is 1%, and Si is 1%, and Mn is 3%, and Fe is 0.04%, and Zr is 0.05%, and all the other are Cu.
The following chemical components in percentage by weight of steel wire is: C is 0.55%, and Si is 0.2%, and Mn is 0.25%, P＜0.02%, and S＜0.025%, all the other are Fe; The cross section of steel wire is a rectangle, and specification is 0.1mm * 0.5mm.
Carbon fiber is T300, and diameter is 7 microns, and length-to-diameter ratio is 100:1.
The weight ratio of steel wire and carbon fiber is 25:1, and the volume percent that control steel wire and carbon fiber account for material altogether is 20%.
Get ordinary method that steel wire produces according to cleaning ball or steel wire lump and form the steel wire group of cleaning ball shape, the diameter of steel wire group is 10cm, and the method for thermo-chemical treatment routinely on its surface altogether nitriding obtain nitriding steel wire group, the thickness of described nitrided case is 50 μ m.
Preparation process is as follows: water glass solution is immersed in group with the nitriding steel wire, and the concentration of described water glass solution is 1.3 g/cm
3, modulus is 2.6; Steel wire group is taken out from water glass solution, and then carbon fiber rubbed spread in the steel wire group that has water glass solution, make carbon fiber evenly be bonded at the surface of steel wire; After treating that water glass solidifies, some steel wire groups that are stained with carbon fiber are put into the casting mold die cavity; The tightness of steel wire group guarantees that by the volume percent decision that steel wire and carbon fiber account for material steel wire group just in time piles casting mold; Mo(u)ld top half with casting mold is placed on the mo(u)ld bottom half then, waits for the cast of copper alloy water after mould assembling finishes;
Damping wear-resistant copper alloy matrix melted in induction furnace obtain damping wear-resistant copper alloy water, temperature of fusion is 1135～1145 ℃;
Above-mentioned damping wear-resistant copper alloy water is poured in the casting mold that the steel wire group that is stained with carbon fiber is housed, liquid copper alloy water enters steel wire group gap carbon fiber and steel wire is surrounded, cooled and solidified then, forming with the damping wear-resistant copper alloy is the material that wherein is distributed with carbon fiber and steel wire group of matrix.
Embodiment two
The following chemical components in percentage by weight of damping wear-resistant copper alloy matrix: Al is 12%, and Sn is 3%, and Si is 2%, and Mn is 5%, and Fe is 0.06%, and Zr is 0. 1%, and all the other are Cu.
The following chemical components in percentage by weight of steel wire is: C is 0.75%, and Si is 0.3%, and Mn is 0.35%, P＜0.02%, and S＜0.025%, all the other are Fe; The cross section of steel wire is a rectangle, and specification is 0.4mm * 1.5mm.
Carbon fiber is T300, and diameter is 7 microns, and length-to-diameter ratio is 400:1.
The weight ratio of steel wire and carbon fiber is 30:1, and the volume percent that control steel wire and carbon fiber account for material altogether is 40%.
Get ordinary method that steel wire produces according to cleaning ball or steel wire lump and form the steel wire group of cleaning ball shape, the diameter of steel wire group is 15cm, and the method for thermo-chemical treatment routinely on its surface altogether nitriding obtain nitriding steel wire group, the thickness of described nitrided case is 100 μ m.
Preparation process is with embodiment one, and wherein the concentration of water glass solution is 1.5 g/cm
3, modulus is 3.0.
Embodiment three
The following chemical components in percentage by weight of damping wear-resistant copper alloy matrix: Al is 11%, and Sn is 2%, and Si is 1.5%, and Mn is 4%, and Fe is 0.05%, and Zr is 0.07%, and all the other are Cu.
The following chemical components in percentage by weight of steel wire is: C is 0.6%, and Si is 0.25%, and Mn is 0.3%, P＜0.02%, and S＜0.025%, all the other are Fe; The cross section of steel wire is a rectangle, and specification is 0.3mm * 0.7mm.
Carbon fiber is T300, and diameter is 7 microns, and length-to-diameter ratio is 190:1.
The weight ratio of steel wire and carbon fiber is 27:1, and the volume percent that control steel wire and carbon fiber account for material altogether is 35%.
Get ordinary method that steel wire produces according to cleaning ball or steel wire lump and form the steel wire group of cleaning ball shape, the diameter of steel wire group is 13cm, and the method for thermo-chemical treatment routinely on its surface altogether nitriding obtain nitriding steel wire group, the thickness of described nitrided case is 70 μ m.
Preparation process is with embodiment one, and wherein the concentration of water glass solution is 1.4 g/cm
3, modulus is 2.8.
The comparative example four
The following chemical components in percentage by weight of damping wear-resistant copper alloy matrix: Al is 9%, and Sn is 0.5%, and Si is 0.5%, and Mn is 2%, and Fe is 0.06%, and Zr is 0. 1%, and all the other are Cu.
The following chemical components in percentage by weight of steel wire is: C is 0.3%, and Si is 0.1%, and Mn is 0.2%, P＜0.02%, and S＜0.025%, all the other are Fe; The cross section of steel wire is circular, and radius is 0.1mm.
Carbon fiber is T300, and diameter is 7 microns, and length-to-diameter ratio is 50:1.
The weight ratio of steel wire and carbon fiber is 25:1, and the volume percent that control steel wire and carbon fiber account for material altogether is 10%.
Get the steel wire group of steel wire according to the ordinary method formation cleaning ball shape of cleaning ball or steel wire lump production, the diameter of steel wire group is 10cm, and not nitriding of surface.
Preparation process is with embodiment one.
The comparative example five
The following chemical components in percentage by weight of damping wear-resistant copper alloy matrix: Al is 13%, and Sn is 4%, and Si is 3%, and Mn is 6%, and Fe is 0.07%, and Zr is 0.2%, and all the other are Cu.
The following chemical components in percentage by weight of steel wire is: C is 0.8%, and Si is 0.4%, and Mn is 0.4%, P＜0.02%, and S＜0.025%, all the other are Fe; The cross section of steel wire is a rectangle, and specification is 0.5mm * 2mm.
Carbon fiber is T300, and diameter is 7 microns, and length-to-diameter ratio is 600:1.
The weight ratio of steel wire and carbon fiber is 25:1, and the volume percent that control steel wire and carbon fiber account for material altogether is 60%.
Get ordinary method that steel wire produces according to cleaning ball or steel wire lump and form the steel wire group of cleaning ball shape, the diameter of steel wire group is 10cm, and the method for thermo-chemical treatment routinely on its surface altogether nitriding obtain nitriding steel wire group, the thickness of described nitrided case is 200 μ m.
Preparation process is with embodiment one.
Product performance are analyzed:
By following table as seen, the content of Al, Sn, Si, Mn, Fe, Zr improves in the copper alloy of material of the present invention, is beneficial to alloy strength and improves.But these elements are excessive, are unfavorable for the toughness of alloy.The increase of Zr in the copper alloy, the quantity that forms compound increases, but too much can obviously reduce the toughness of material.
Section of steel wire is that rectangle is convenient to the bonded carbon fiber.Sectional dimension is too small, is unfavorable for the bonded carbon fiber; Otherwise oversize, isolating the matrix tendency increases.
The carbon fiber length-to-diameter ratio is too little and too mostly be unfavorable for bonding with parallel wire.
The increase of steel wire and carbon fiber volume per-cent is beneficial to the raising of toughness of material.But excessive, reduce the hardness of material, so also reduced the wear resistance of material, as product 5, and copper alloy water is difficult for surrounding steel wire and carbon fiber; Otherwise the volume percent that steel wire and carbon fiber account for material is too little, then is unfavorable for the performance of steel wire and carbon fibre acts.
The thickness of nitrided case increases, and is beneficial to the alloying of copper alloy water; But thickness is excessive, and nitrogen is difficult for fusing into copper alloy water in short-term, causes the waste of element, and the cost of thermal treatment simultaneously increases; Otherwise the thickness of the nitrided case of Steel Wire Surface is too little, and steel wire hardness reduces, and is unfavorable for forming the compound of disperse.
The performance comparison of each product of table 1 gained
Claims (3)
1. damping wear-resistant copper alloy material, it is characterized in that: this material is a matrix with the copper alloy, the steel wire that distributing in matrix group and carbon fiber; It is 10～15cm that described steel wire is rolled into a ball diameter, and used section of steel wire is a rectangle, and specification is 0.1～0.4mm * 0.5～1.5mm; The weight ratio of described steel wire and carbon fiber is 25～30:1, and the volume percent that steel wire and carbon fiber account for material altogether is 20-40%;
The following chemical components in percentage by weight of copper alloy matrix: Al is 10%～12%, and Sn is 1%～3%, and Si is 1%～2%, and Mn is 3%～5%, and Fe is 0.04%～0.06%, and Zr is 0.05%～0. 1%, and all the other are Cu;
The following chemical components in percentage by weight of steel wire is: C is 0.55%～0.75%, and Si is 0.2%～0.3%, and Mn is 0.25%～0.35%, P＜0.02%, and S＜0.025%, all the other are Fe;
Carbon fiber is T300, and diameter is 7 microns, and length-to-diameter ratio is 100～400:1.
2. damping wear-resistant copper alloy material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also be distributed with Cu on the described matrix
3N, Si
3N
4Compound particle.
3. damping wear-resistant copper alloy preparation methods, it is characterized in that: it may further comprise the steps:
The preparation of nitriding steel wire group and carbon fiber: getting the cross section is rectangle, and specification is that 0.1～0.4mm * 0.5～1.5mm, composition are that C is 0.55%～0.75%, Si is 0.2%～0.3%, Mn is 0.25%～0.35%, P＜0.02%, S＜0.025%, all the other are the steel wire of Fe, and diameter is that 7 microns, length-to-diameter ratio are the T300 carbon fiber of 100～400:1; The weight ratio of described steel wire and carbon fiber is 25～30:1, and the volume percent that steel wire and carbon fiber account for material altogether is 20～40%; Steel wire is pressed the ordinary method preparation cleaning globular steel wire group that cleaning ball is produced, and the diameter of steel wire group is 10～15cm, and the method for thermo-chemical treatment routinely prepares nitriding steel wire group at its surface carburization, and the thickness of described nitrided case is 50～100 μ m;
Nitriding steel wire group adheres to the preparation of carbon fiber: water glass solution is immersed in group with the nitriding steel wire, and the concentration of water glass solution is 1.3～1.5 g/cm
3, modulus is 2.6～3.0; Steel wire group is taken out from water glass solution, and then carbon fiber rubbed spread in the steel wire group that has water glass solution, make carbon fiber evenly be bonded at Steel Wire Surface; After treating that water glass solidifies, the steel wire group that adheres to carbon fiber is put into the casting mold die cavity; The tightness of steel wire group accounts for the volume percent decision of material by steel wire and carbon fiber, and guarantees that steel wire group just in time piles casting mold; Mo(u)ld top half with casting mold is placed on the mo(u)ld bottom half then, waits for the cast of copper alloy water after mould assembling finishes;
The preparation of damping wear-resistant copper alloy matrix: percentage composition Al is 10%～12% by weight, and Sn is 1%～3%, and Si is 1%～2%, and Mn is 3%～5%, and Fe is 0.04%～0.06%, and Zr is 0.05%～0. 1%, and all the other are prepared burden for Cu; The damping copper alloy matrix melted in induction furnace obtain damping copper alloy water, temperature of fusion is 1120～1150 ℃;
Above-mentioned damping copper alloy water is poured into the casting mold that the steel wire group that is stained with carbon fiber is housed, liquid copper alloy water enters steel wire group gap carbon fiber and steel wire is surrounded, cooled and solidified then, forming with the damping copper alloy is the material that wherein is distributed with carbon fiber and steel wire group of matrix.
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| CN102952964A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-03-06 | 无锡常安通用金属制品有限公司 | Corrosion-resisting and wear-resisting copper alloy |
| CN112458325A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-09 | 江西众晶源科技有限公司 | Preparation method of high-strength high-wear-resistance copper alloy |
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| CN112458325B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-05-06 | 深圳市明鑫工业材料有限公司 | Preparation method of high-strength high-wear-resistance copper alloy |
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