CN102049695B - Processing method and technological equipment for cylindrical thin and long thin-walled workpiece - Google Patents
Processing method and technological equipment for cylindrical thin and long thin-walled workpiece Download PDFInfo
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- CN102049695B CN102049695B CN 201010537337 CN201010537337A CN102049695B CN 102049695 B CN102049695 B CN 102049695B CN 201010537337 CN201010537337 CN 201010537337 CN 201010537337 A CN201010537337 A CN 201010537337A CN 102049695 B CN102049695 B CN 102049695B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a processing method and technological equipment for a cylindrical thin and long thin-walled workpiece, which comprises positioning technological equipment and aligning technological equipment, wherein the positioning technological equipment consists of a connecting cylinder, a connecting flange, a positioning cylinder, a compression block, a compression screw, a stop nut and a connection screw; and the aligning technological equipment consists of an aligning technological equipment bottom plate, a bearing pedestal, a core shaft and a ball bearing. The processing method of the invention comprises a processing method suitable for manual operation of ordinary lathe and a processing method for operation of a hydraulic clamping center rest. The invention has the advantages that the deformation of the cylindrical thin and long thin-walled workpiece brought by clamping can be effectively reduced, the influence of workpiece clamping force on the workpiece processing precision is reduced, the processing quality is improved, the processing procedure is simplified, the processing time is shortened, the processing efficiency is improved, the high-quality product rate reaches 100%, the cost is saved at the same time, and the effect in batch production is more obvious.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to machine industry, relate to processing method and the technological equipment of the elongated thin-wall part of a kind of tubular.
Background technology
According to the requirement of some product performance, mechanical component requires higher future development towards lighter and thinner, crudy at present, and this just has higher requirement to the machining of thin-wall part.In the processing of the elongated thin-wall part of tubular, require frock will have good clamping performance, enough clamping power can be provided, can not allow between workpiece and the frock relative displacement occur, can not make again workpiece cause that owing to chucking power is excessive clamping deformation affects the final crudy of workpiece simultaneously.
In the technical scheme of the former prior art 200820054382.6 of the present invention " hoop rise spring precise positioning and clamping device ", 200820057322.3 " a kind of annular thin wall processing special toolings ", 200910227050.2 " stepped thin-wall tubular positioning clamping device " Patent Application Publication, all related to the process technology problem of thin-wall part more.But above-mentioned these technology all are only applicable to processing excircles, and draw ratio is smaller, and material belongs to the workpiece of general steel, and for the elongate tubular thin-wall part, especially material is superpower hardness stainless steel, parent metal percentage elongation σ
sThe processing problems of 〉=6 special steel, Maraging steel etc. is helpless.Simultaneously, above-mentioned frock causes the qualification rate of workpiece low because own wt needs workpiece to bear so can cause elongated thin-wall workpiece distortion, and the technique ring all inquires for light behind each centering, belongs to running stores, has increased manufacturing cost.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly be exclusively used in that draw ratio is large, processing method and the technological equipment of spinning cylinder, elongate tubular thin-wall part.
Now design of the present invention and technical solution are described below:
Thin-wall part is difficult processing why, mainly is because the thin-wall part work in-process produces distortion easily, and transmutative force divides two kinds of internal stress and external carbuncles.Internal stress mainly is the residual stress that the thermal stress that causes of the heat that produces in the working angles and metal are torn rear inside workpiece, this two aspect can be by increasing the feed number of times, reduce back engagement of the cutting edge and reduce as far as possible, simultaneously increasing cooling is also helpful to reducing thermal deformation.External carbuncle mainly comes from fixture system, usually elastic deformation has well later just occured because of situations such as discontinuity at the inner clamping of frock in the present workpiece of deformable body of workpiece, its state is different with the workpiece under the free state, the state that affranchises after the workpiece completion of processing unloads from frock, distortion has just occured in the size that processes like this.Therefore; the key of thin-wall part frock is that frock will have good clamping performance, and enough clamping power can be provided, and can not allow between workpiece and the frock relative displacement occur; can not make again workpiece cause clamping deformation owing to chucking power is excessive simultaneously, thereby affect the final crudy of workpiece.For the frock that solves existing process technology causes that easily thereby workpiece deformation causes the problem that the workpiece qualification rate is low and manufacturing cost is high when processing the elongated thin-wall part of tubular, the present invention has proposed a kind of processing method and technological equipment that is exclusively used in the elongated thin-walled parts processing of tubular according to the characteristic of the elongated thin-walled parts of tubular.
The processing method of the elongated thin-wall part of a kind of tubular of the present invention is applicable to the manual operation of engine lathe, it is characterized in that: step solves the problem on deformation of the elongated thin-wall part process of tubular by the following method:
Step 1: the elongated thin-wall part of tubular passes the frock endoporus, and Working position is reserved at two ends, compresses compact heap by housing screw workpiece is fixed in the frock;
Step 2: lathe spindle chuck clamping tool one end location cylinder, tailstock four paws or secondary main shaft claming frock other end location cylinder;
Step 3: centering spindle chuck one end location cylinder is coaxial with main shaft, and centering tailstock four paws or secondary main shaft one end location cylinder are coaxial with tailstock four paws or secondary main shaft;
Step 4: rotary main shaft, follow rest in position clamp the location cylinder of tailstock four paws or secondary main shaft one end to tailstock four paws or secondary main shaft one end with centre frame, the clamping dynamics is with other axial workpieces;
Step 5: stop the machine tool chief axis rotation after centre frame clamps, remove tailstock four paws or secondary main shaft;
Step 6: at the center frame end, utilize the housing screw on the cylinder of location to adjust the position of compact heap, thereby adjust the position of workpiece in frock, make workpiece and frock coaxial;
Step 7: tighten the retainer nut, prevent from adding man-hour owing to vibrations cause that housing screw is loosening;
Step 8: the frock tune, make the other end of workpiece and frock coaxial, begin machine after the operation of repeating step 2～6 and add.
The processing method of the elongated thin-wall part of a kind of tubular of the present invention is applicable to the operation of hydraulic clamp centre frame, and it is characterized in that: step solves the problem on deformation of the elongated thin-wall part process of tubular by the following method:
Step 1: the elongated thin-wall part of tubular passes the frock endoporus, and Working position is reserved at two ends, compresses compact heap by housing screw workpiece is fixed in the frock;
Step 2: lathe spindle chuck clamping tool one end location cylinder, hydraulic clamp centre frame clamping tool other end location cylinder;
Step 3: centering spindle chuck one end location cylinder is coaxial with main shaft;
Step 4: at the center frame end, utilize the housing screw on the cylinder of location to adjust the position of compact heap, thereby adjust the position of workpiece in frock, make workpiece and frock coaxial;
Step 5: tighten the retainer nut, prevent from adding man-hour owing to vibrations cause that housing screw is loosening;
Step 6: the frock tune, make the other end of workpiece and frock coaxial, begin machine after the operation of repeating step 2～6 and add;
The present invention is a kind of for the elongated thin-wall part technological equipment of tubular, it is characterized in that: comprise positioning tool and centering frock; Described positioning tool is made of connection cylinder, adpting flange, location cylinder, compact heap, housing screw, retainer nut, attachment screw; Connecting cylinder is fixedly connected with the location cylinder by adpting flange, attachment screw; Connecting equidistant distribution through hole on the cylinder circumference, housing screw screws in respectively installing hole and the compact heap of the housing screw on retainer nut, the location cylinder; Described centering frock is made of centering frock base plate, bearing block, mandrel, ball bearing; Ball bearing is enclosed within on the mandrel, and mandrel is contained in the dead eye of bearing block 10, and two one group of four bearing block is installed in respectively on the both ends of the surface of centering frock base plate, forms " V " shape centering bearing of placement positioning frock.
The present invention further provides a kind ofly for the elongated thin-wall part technological equipment of tubular, it is characterized in that: described connection cylinder 1 internal diameter is slightly larger than the workpiece external diameter, and thickness will satisfy and connects the cylinder rigidity requirement.
The present invention further provides a kind of for the elongated thin-wall part technological equipment of tubular, it is characterized in that: the adpting flange internal diameter is with connecting barrel bore, external diameter and the end face seam matched in clearance of locating on the cylinder, thickness need satisfy the flange coupling stiffness to be asked, and is evenly equipped with 4～24 through holes at adpting flange.
The present invention further provides a kind ofly for the elongated thin-wall part technological equipment of tubular, it is characterized in that: location cylinder pipe diameter is slightly larger than the workpiece external diameter, and steel pipe thickness is can guarantee that frock has enough rigidity and is advisable.
The present invention further provides a kind of for the elongated thin-wall part technological equipment of tubular, it is characterized in that: the location cylinder processes in the interior profile near the connection cylinder and alleviates groove, process for the cannelure that compact heap is installed near correct position place, other end in interior profile, width is slightly larger than the thickness of compact heap; Cylinder is evenly equipped with 4～24 radially tapped through holes in the location, and its position is in the cannelure middle; The location barrel bore is with connecting cylinder.
The present invention further provides a kind ofly for the elongated thin-wall part technological equipment of tubular, it is characterized in that: the location cylinder is being provided with near the end face that connects cylinder 1 and is being connected the seam that cylinder cooperates, the seam end face process with adpting flange on the thread Pilot hole that matches of through hole.
The present invention further provides a kind of for the elongated thin-wall part technological equipment of tubular, it is characterized in that: 4～24 compact heaps are shaped as the fan-like pattern chunk, its inner arc surface radius is with the workpiece external diameter, and compact heap exterior arc surface radius and thickness will guarantee that compact heap has enough compressional stiffness; At place, compact heap exterior arc surface centre, be processed with the tapped blind hole that is connected for housing screw.
The present invention further provides a kind ofly for the elongated thin-wall part technological equipment of tubular, it is characterized in that: housing screw is that standard screws is opened the V-type groove in the front end appropriate location.
The superiority that the present invention compares with prior art is: can effectively reduce the elongated thin-wall part of tubular because the distortion that clamping causes, reduce clamping workpiece power to the impact of Workpiece Machining Accuracy, improved the crudy of product, simplified manufacturing procedure, shortened process time, improved working (machining) efficiency, made quality percentage reach at one stroke 100%, saved simultaneously cost, effect is more obvious in batch production.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: tool structure schematic diagram of the present invention
The side view of Fig. 2: Fig. 1
Fig. 3: the schematic diagram behind connection cylinder and the adpting flange assembly welding
The P of Fig. 4: Fig. 3 is to schematic diagram
Fig. 5: the schematic diagram of location cylinder
Fig. 6: the schematic diagram of compact heap
The side view of Fig. 7: Fig. 6
Fig. 8: the schematic diagram of housing screw
Fig. 9: the exploded perspective view of positioning tool
Figure 10: the exploded perspective view of centering frock
Figure 11: the centering frock is used schematic diagram
Figure 12: frock fundamental diagram.
Wherein:
1. connect cylinder 2. adpting flanges 3. location cylinder 4. compact heaps
5. housing screw 6. retainer nuts 7. attachment screws 8. workpiece
9. centering frock base plate 10. bearing blocks 11. mandrels 12. ball bearings
13. hold-down screw 14. chucks 15. central frame rollers
The specific embodiment
Further set forth the present invention below in conjunction with the specific embodiment.
Embodiment one
Referring to Fig. 1,9,10: the present invention includes positioning tool and centering frock; Described positioning tool is made of connection cylinder 1, adpting flange 2, location cylinder 3, compact heap 4, housing screw 5, retainer nut 6, attachment screw 7; Connecting cylinder 1 is fixedly connected with location cylinder 3 by adpting flange 2, attachment screw 7; Connecting equidistant distribution through hole on cylinder 1 circumference, housing screw 5 screws in respectively installing hole and the compact heap 4 of the housing screw 6 on retainer nut 6, the location cylinder 3; Described centering frock is made of centering frock base plate 9, bearing block 10, mandrel 11, ball bearing 12; Ball bearing 12 is enclosed within on the mandrel 11, and mandrel 11 is contained in the dead eye of bearing block 10, and 10 two one group of four bearing block is installed in respectively on the both ends of the surface of centering frock base plate 9, forms " V " shape centering bearing of placement positioning frock.
Connect cylinder 1 and made by No. 45 steel pipes, internal diameter is slightly larger than the workpiece external diameter, and thickness will satisfy connection cylinder rigidity requirement.Adpting flange 2 is that No. 45 steel are made, and internal diameter connects together cylinder 1 internal diameter, external diameter and the end face seam matched in clearance of locating on the cylinder 3, and thickness need satisfy the flange coupling stiffness to be asked, and is evenly equipped with some through holes at adpting flange.Location cylinder 3 is that No. 45 steel pipes are made, and pipe diameter is slightly larger than the workpiece external diameter, and steel pipe thickness is can guarantee that frock has enough rigidity and is advisable; Location cylinder 3 processes in the interior profile near connection cylinder 1 and alleviates groove, processes for the cannelure that compact heap 4 is installed near correct position place, other end in interior profile, and width is slightly larger than the thickness of compact heap 4; Cylinder 3 is evenly equipped with some radially tapped through holes in the location, and its position is in the cannelure middle; Location cylinder 3 is being processed with near the end face that connects cylinder 1 and is being connected the seam that cylinder 1 cooperates, the seam end face process with adpting flange 2 on the thread Pilot hole that matches of through hole.Compact heap 4 is aluminium, and LY12 makes, and is shaped as the fan-like pattern chunk, and its inner arc surface radius is with the workpiece external diameter, and compact heap 4 exterior arc surface radiuses and thickness will guarantee that compact heap 4 has enough compressional stiffness; At place, compact heap 4 exterior arc surface centres, be processed with the tapped blind hole that is connected for housing screw.Housing screw 5 is opened the V-type groove for standard screws in the front end appropriate location.Retainer nut 6 and attachment screw 7 are standard component.During installation, will connect the welding of cylinder and adpting flange, the location cylinder is fixed with attachment screw and adpting flange, can adopt the mode of machining to make two location cylinders guarantee coaxial and equal diameter requirement after fixing; Housing screw screws in respectively housing screw installing hole and the compact heap on retainer nut, the location cylinder.
Embodiment two
With rapidoprint 30Si2MnCrMoVE, external diameter
Internal diameter
(+0.05/0), workpiece overall length 1700, draw ratio 1700/137=12.4, external diameter is 137/1.0=137 with the ratio of wall thickness, processing two-port length about 80, add section's endoporus line as axis take two terminals, axiality is that 0.1 the elongated thin-wall part of tubular is example, illustrates how to process and use the elongated thin-wall part processing of tubular of the present invention special apparatus for working.
Be applicable to the manual operation of engine lathe, it is characterized in that: step solves the problem on deformation of the elongated thin-wall part process of tubular by the following method:
Step 1: the elongated thin-wall part of tubular passes the frock endoporus, and Working position is reserved at two ends, compresses compact heap by housing screw workpiece is fixed in the frock;
Step 2: lathe spindle chuck clamping tool one end location cylinder, tailstock four paws or secondary main shaft claming frock other end location cylinder;
Step 3: centering spindle chuck one end location cylinder is coaxial with main shaft, and centering tailstock four paws or secondary main shaft one end location cylinder are coaxial with tailstock four paws or secondary main shaft;
Step 4: rotary main shaft, follow rest in position clamp the location cylinder of tailstock four paws or secondary main shaft one end to tailstock four paws or secondary main shaft one end with centre frame, the clamping dynamics is with other axial workpieces;
Step 5: stop the machine tool chief axis rotation after centre frame clamps, remove tailstock four paws or secondary main shaft;
Step 6: at the center frame end, utilize the housing screw on the cylinder of location to adjust the position of compact heap, thereby adjust the position of workpiece in frock, make workpiece and frock coaxial;
Step 7: tighten the retainer nut, prevent from adding man-hour owing to vibrations cause that housing screw is loosening;
Step 8: the frock tune, make the other end of workpiece and frock coaxial, begin machine after the operation of repeating step 2～6 and add.
Hand-operated clamping centre frame when operation key point is in step 6, the centering that the workpiece of twice center frame end and frock are coaxial, and the dynamics that housing screw is tightened behind this twice centering is different.The dynamics that the first time, housing screw was tightened wants large, and the dynamics of tightening under the prerequisite that does not make workpiece generation plastic deformation is large as much as possible, and the tight screw-driving power of this side pressure is 5NM～7NM in the present embodiment.Away from Working position, according to Saint Venant's principle, the elasticity modification that herein produces can not affect zone to be processed by this end after the frock tune, and take clamping action as main, positioning action is auxiliary at this compact heap.In step 8, repeating step 2～6 after the frock tune, during for the second time to step 6, first with free-hand workpiece pressing, allow workpiece centering symmetric points in stressed hardly situation in claimed range, observe, the record workpiece circumference situation of beating, to guarantee between workpiece and frock thrust workpiece pressing as far as possible little under the prerequisite of relative displacement not occuring, compressing in the present embodiment moment of torsion is 2NM～3NM again.It is identical and less to guarantee that circumference compresses distortion, and circumference compression deflection is 0.01～0.03 in the present embodiment.Reduce so as much as possible the elastic deformation that workpiece causes owing to clamping, thereby improve crudy, take positioning action as main, clamping action is auxiliary at this compact heap.
Claims (10)
1. the processing method of the elongated thin-wall part of tubular is applicable to the manual operation of engine lathe, it is characterized in that: step solves the problem on deformation of the elongated thin-wall part process of tubular by the following method:
Step 1: the elongated thin-wall part of tubular passes the frock endoporus, and Working position is reserved at two ends, compresses compact heap by housing screw workpiece is fixed in the frock;
Step 2: lathe spindle chuck clamping tool one end location cylinder, tailstock four paws or secondary main shaft claming frock other end location cylinder;
Step 3: centering spindle chuck one end location cylinder is coaxial with main shaft, and centering tailstock four paws or secondary main shaft one end location cylinder are coaxial with tailstock four paws or secondary main shaft;
Step 4: rotary main shaft, follow rest in position clamp the location cylinder of tailstock four paws or secondary main shaft one end to tailstock four paws or secondary main shaft one end with centre frame, the clamping dynamics is with other axial workpieces;
Step: 5: stop the machine tool chief axis rotation after centre frame clamps, remove tailstock four paws or secondary main shaft;
Step 6: at the center frame end, utilize the housing screw on the cylinder of location to adjust the position of compact heap, thereby adjust the position of workpiece in frock, make workpiece and frock coaxial;
Step 7: tighten the retainer nut, prevent from adding man-hour owing to vibrations cause that housing screw is loosening;
Step 8: the frock tune, make the other end of workpiece and frock coaxial, begin machine after the operation of repeating step 2～6 and add.
2. the processing method of the elongated thin-wall part of tubular is applicable to the operation of hydraulic clamp centre frame, and it is characterized in that: step solves the problem on deformation of the elongated thin-wall part process of tubular by the following method:
Step 1: the elongated thin-wall part of tubular passes the frock endoporus, and Working position is reserved at two ends, compresses compact heap by housing screw workpiece is fixed in the frock;
Step 2: lathe spindle chuck clamping tool one end location cylinder, hydraulic clamp centre frame clamping tool other end location cylinder;
Step 3: centering spindle chuck one end location cylinder is coaxial with main shaft;
Step 4: at the center frame end, utilize the housing screw on the cylinder of location to adjust the position of compact heap, thereby adjust the position of workpiece in frock, make workpiece and frock coaxial;
Step 5: tighten the retainer nut, prevent from adding man-hour owing to vibrations cause that housing screw is loosening;
Step 6: the frock tune, make the other end of workpiece and frock coaxial, begin machine after the operation of repeating step 2～5 and add.
3. one kind is used for the elongated thin-wall part technological equipment of tubular, it is characterized in that: comprise positioning tool and centering frock; Described positioning tool is by connecting cylinder (1), adpting flange (2), location cylinder (3), compact heap (4), housing screw (5), retainer nut (6), attachment screw (7) formation; Connecting cylinder (1) is fixedly connected with location cylinder (3) by adpting flange (2), attachment screw (7); Equidistant distribution through hole on cylinder (3) circumference of location, this through hole is the installing hole of housing screw (5), housing screw (5) screws in respectively installing hole and the compact heap (4) on retainer nut (6), the location cylinder (3); Described centering frock is made of centering frock base plate (9), bearing block (10), mandrel (11), ball bearing (12); Ball bearing (12) is enclosed within on the mandrel (11), mandrel (11) is contained in the dead eye of bearing block (10), (10) two one group of four bearing block is installed in respectively on the both ends of the surface of centering frock base plate (9), forms " V " shape centering bearing of placement positioning frock.
4. according to claim 3 a kind of for the elongated thin-wall part technological equipment of tubular, it is characterized in that: described connection cylinder (1) internal diameter is slightly larger than the workpiece external diameter, and thickness will satisfy connection cylinder rigidity requirement.
5. according to claim 3 a kind of for the elongated thin-wall part technological equipment of tubular, it is characterized in that: adpting flange (2) internal diameter is with connecting cylinder (1) internal diameter, external diameter and the end face seam matched in clearance of locating on the cylinder (3), thickness need satisfy the requirement of flange coupling stiffness, is evenly equipped with 4～24 through holes at adpting flange.
6. according to claim 3 a kind of for the elongated thin-wall part technological equipment of tubular, it is characterized in that: location cylinder (3) pipe diameter is slightly larger than the workpiece external diameter, and steel pipe thickness is can guarantee that positioning tool has enough rigidity and is advisable.
7. according to claim 3 a kind of for the elongated thin-wall part technological equipment of tubular, it is characterized in that: location cylinder (3) processes in the interior profile near connection cylinder (1) and alleviates groove, be fit to the position in interior profile near the other end and process for the cannelure that compact heap (4) is installed, width is slightly larger than the thickness of compact heap (4); Be evenly equipped with 4～24 radially tapped through holes at location cylinder (3), its position is in the cannelure middle; The internal diameter of location cylinder (3) is with connecting cylinder.
8. according to claim 3 a kind of for the elongated thin-wall part technological equipment of tubular, it is characterized in that: location cylinder (3) is being provided with and the seam that is connected cylinder (1) cooperation near the end face that connects cylinder (1), and the seam end face processes the thread Pilot hole that matches with the upper through hole of adpting flange (2).
9. according to claim 3 a kind of for the elongated thin-wall part technological equipment of tubular, it is characterized in that: 4～24 compact heaps (4) are shaped as the fan-like pattern chunk, its inner arc surface radius is with the workpiece external diameter, and compact heap (4) exterior arc surface radius and thickness will guarantee that compact heap (4) has enough compressional stiffness; At place, compact heap (4) exterior arc surface centre, be processed with the tapped blind hole that is connected for housing screw.
10. according to claim 3 a kind of for the elongated thin-wall part technological equipment of tubular, it is characterized in that: housing screw (5) is opened the V-type groove for standard screws in the front end appropriate location.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201010537337 CN102049695B (en) | 2010-11-10 | 2010-11-10 | Processing method and technological equipment for cylindrical thin and long thin-walled workpiece |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010537337 CN102049695B (en) | 2010-11-10 | 2010-11-10 | Processing method and technological equipment for cylindrical thin and long thin-walled workpiece |
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| CN102049695B true CN102049695B (en) | 2013-01-02 |
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| RO103277B1 (en) * | 1988-12-23 | 1993-03-19 | Institutul Politehnic | Self-centered device with elastic faucet with ribs |
| CN2633502Y (en) * | 2003-05-22 | 2004-08-18 | 汪苏 | Integrated clamp for cutting and welding multiple section thin wall tubular part |
| CN201287270Y (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2009-08-12 | 中国北车集团大连机车研究所有限公司 | Mandrel body for lathe work of pressure booster primary shaft |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3816371A1 (en) * | 1987-05-14 | 1988-11-24 | Skf Gmbh | Method of producing a thin-walled sleeve |
| RO103277B1 (en) * | 1988-12-23 | 1993-03-19 | Institutul Politehnic | Self-centered device with elastic faucet with ribs |
| CN2633502Y (en) * | 2003-05-22 | 2004-08-18 | 汪苏 | Integrated clamp for cutting and welding multiple section thin wall tubular part |
| CN201287270Y (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2009-08-12 | 中国北车集团大连机车研究所有限公司 | Mandrel body for lathe work of pressure booster primary shaft |
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| CN102049695A (en) | 2011-05-11 |
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