CN102038276B - Green walnut dehuller - Google Patents

Green walnut dehuller Download PDF

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CN102038276B
CN102038276B CN2009101134784A CN200910113478A CN102038276B CN 102038276 B CN102038276 B CN 102038276B CN 2009101134784 A CN2009101134784 A CN 2009101134784A CN 200910113478 A CN200910113478 A CN 200910113478A CN 102038276 B CN102038276 B CN 102038276B
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peeling
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green
walnut
cylinder
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CN102038276A (en
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史建新
石鑫
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Xinjiang Agricultural University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种青核桃脱皮机,属于农业机械技术领域。该机包括机架(2)、喂料斗(10)、剥皮滚筒(13)、剥皮凹板(6)、隔板(21)、扭簧(7)、栅条分离板(3)、搅笼(4)、青皮出料斗(18)和核桃出料斗(20)等。剥皮凹板(6)、隔板(21)与剥皮滚筒(13)构成剥皮通道,剥皮凹板(6)与剥皮滚筒(13)之间的间距可调,以适应不同尺寸的核桃,剥皮滚筒(13)外表面固接耐磨橡胶板(12),剥皮凹板(6)上压有扭簧(7),核桃经过剥皮通道时受到压力和摩擦力,在剥皮滚筒(13)和剥皮凹板(6)的作用下将核桃青皮剥离,搅笼(4)位于剥皮通道出口处,搅笼(4)的正下方安装栅条分离板(3),用来将核桃与青皮分离开。

Figure 200910113478

The invention discloses a green walnut peeling machine, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The machine includes a frame (2), a feeding hopper (10), a peeling drum (13), a peeling concave plate (6), a partition (21), a torsion spring (7), a bar separation plate (3), a stirring cage (4), green peel hopper (18) and walnut hopper (20) etc. The peeling concave plate (6), the dividing plate (21) and the peeling cylinder (13) constitute the peeling channel, and the distance between the peeling concave plate (6) and the peeling cylinder (13) is adjustable to adapt to walnuts of different sizes, and the peeling cylinder (13) the outer surface is fixedly connected with a wear-resistant rubber plate (12), and a torsion spring (7) is pressed on the peeling concave plate (6). Under the effect of plate (6) walnut green skin is peeled off, and stirring cage (4) is positioned at the peeling channel outlet, and the grating strip separation plate (3) is installed directly below stirring cage (4), is used for walnut and green peel are separated.

Figure 200910113478

Description

青核桃脱皮机Green walnut peeling machine

技术领域 technical field

本发明涉及一种青核桃脱皮机,尤其是涉及一种应用于核桃青皮剥离的机械,属于农业机械技术领域。The invention relates to a green walnut peeling machine, in particular to a machine for peeling green walnut peels, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.

背景技术 Background technique

在核桃收获期大批成熟的青核桃急需脱皮。传统采用池堆自然腐化剥青皮法和手工剥青皮法,这些方法不仅工效低,劳动强度大,对手和皮肤有较大伤害,而且核桃易被真菌污染。目前,国内少数地区采用了机械脱皮设备。国内已研究开发的青核桃脱皮设备有:(1)专利号为02206407.9,6BXH-800型核桃青皮剥离、清洗机,这种剥离装置有耗水量大的问题;(2)专利号为200720105163.1,200720112411.5和200520012972.9的核桃脱青皮机。这三种机具主要工作部件都是由旋转的硬橡胶辊子和辊子外同心套装的栅条组成,利用挤压揉搓原理剥离青皮。由于核桃外形尺寸差异较大,而上述机具橡胶辊子和栅条的相对位置不可调或较难调整,在脱青皮时会出现去青皮效果不佳、破损率高和安装调整复杂等问题,因此使用该装置需提前将青核桃分级;(3)专利号为03244924.0的核桃去皮机。该机具工作部件由输送带、压紧铁板和割刀组成,电机驱动输送带运动时,核桃在输送带、压紧铁板的挤压作用下强行通过割刀,脱去青皮。该机具的缺点是尺寸较大的青核桃无法进入工作区,对于尺寸较小的核桃,由于挤压作用力太小不易脱青皮;(4)专利号为200820130420.1的青核桃脱皮机。该机具利用剥皮割刀切割和旋转滚筒与剥皮凹板的挤压作用脱青皮,该机具的缺点是剥皮割刀易造成核桃破碎。During the walnut harvest period, a large number of mature green walnuts are in urgent need of peeling. Traditionally, the method of natural decay and peeling of green skins in the pool and manual peeling is used. These methods not only have low work efficiency, high labor intensity, great damage to hands and skin, but also walnuts are easily contaminated by fungi. At present, mechanical peeling equipment has been adopted in a few areas in China. Green walnut peeling equipment that has been researched and developed in China includes: (1) Patent No. 02206407.9, 6BXH-800 walnut green peel peeling and cleaning machine. This peeling device has the problem of large water consumption; (2) Patent No. 200720105163.1, 200720112411.5 And 200520012972.9 walnut peeling machine. The main working parts of these three machines are composed of rotating hard rubber rollers and grid bars concentrically set outside the rollers, and use the principle of extrusion and rubbing to peel off the green skin. Due to the large difference in the shape and size of walnuts, and the relative positions of the rubber rollers and grid bars of the above-mentioned machines cannot be adjusted or are difficult to adjust, problems such as poor peeling effect, high breakage rate and complicated installation and adjustment will occur during peeling off. The device needs to grade green walnuts in advance; (3) the walnut peeling machine whose patent number is 03244924.0. The working parts of the machine are composed of a conveyor belt, a pressing iron plate and a cutter. When the motor drives the conveyor belt to move, walnuts are forced to pass through the cutter under the extrusion of the conveyor belt and the pressing iron plate to remove the green skin. The shortcoming of this implement is that the bigger green walnuts of size can't enter the working area, for the lesser walnuts of size, because the extruding force is too little and difficult to take off the green skin; (4) the green walnut peeling machine that the patent No. is 200820130420.1. The machine utilizes the peeling knife to cut and remove the green bark by the extrusion of the rotating drum and the peeling concave plate. The disadvantage of this machine is that the peeling knife is easy to cause the walnuts to break.

由于我国核桃品种繁杂,尺寸差异较大,形状不规则,核桃壳的厚度和强度也有较大差异,核桃的外形大都是非球体,现有的青核桃脱皮机脱皮效果不理想,很难保证核桃青皮脱净率和破碎率。Due to the variety of walnut varieties in our country, the size difference is large, the shape is irregular, and the thickness and strength of the walnut shell are also quite different. Most of the walnut shapes are non-spherical. Clean rate and broken rate.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

针对现有技术中存在的不足之处,本发明提供了一种结构简单、去青皮效率高、操作方便,能实现对核桃青皮进行机械化剥离的装置。Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a device with simple structure, high green skin removal efficiency, convenient operation and the ability to mechanized peeling off walnut green skins.

本发明为达到以上目的,是通过以下技术方案来实现的:提供一种青核桃脱皮机,包括机架、喂料斗、剥皮滚筒、耐磨橡胶板、滚筒轴、剥皮凹板、隔板、凹板支撑杆、扭簧、扭簧固定杆、支撑盘、栅条分离板、搅龙、青皮出料斗和核桃出料斗;剥皮凹板、隔板与剥皮滚筒构成3~10个剥皮通道;剥皮凹板与剥皮滚筒之间的间距可通过调节机构调整;剥皮滚筒由带座轴承支撑于机架上,滚筒轴由电机通过带传动驱动;扭簧固定杆与凹板支撑杆固接于支撑盘上,支撑盘固定在机架上;搅龙位于剥皮通道出口处,搅龙的正下方安装栅条分离板,搅龙通过带传动驱动。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a green walnut peeling machine is provided, including a frame, a feeding hopper, a peeling drum, a wear-resistant rubber plate, a drum shaft, a peeling concave plate, a partition, a concave Board support rod, torsion spring, torsion spring fixing rod, support plate, grid separation plate, auger, green peel hopper and walnut hopper; peeling concave plate, partition and peeling roller constitute 3 to 10 peeling channels; peeling concave The distance between the plate and the peeling roller can be adjusted by the adjustment mechanism; the peeling roller is supported on the frame by the bearing with seat, and the roller shaft is driven by the motor through the belt transmission; the torsion spring fixing rod and the concave plate supporting rod are fixed on the supporting plate , the support plate is fixed on the frame; the auger is located at the exit of the peeling channel, and the grid separation plate is installed directly under the auger, and the auger is driven by a belt drive.

作为本发明的青核桃脱皮机的一种设计:剥皮滚筒的外表面上固接耐磨橡胶板,耐磨橡胶板表面带有人字形或波浪形花纹,人字形花纹倾角为0~45度,波浪形花纹圆角半径为3~30毫米,花纹深度为2~10毫米。As a design of the green walnut peeling machine of the present invention: the outer surface of the peeling cylinder is fixed with a wear-resistant rubber plate, and the surface of the wear-resistant rubber plate has a herringbone or wave pattern, and the inclination angle of the herringbone pattern is 0-45 degrees, and the wave The rounded corner radius of the shaped pattern is 3-30 mm, and the depth of the pattern is 2-10 mm.

作为本发明的青核桃脱皮机的一种设计:耐磨橡胶板表面带有人字形或波浪形花纹,人字形花纹倾角为0~45度,波浪形花纹圆角半径为3~30毫米,花纹深度为2~10毫米。As a design of the green walnut peeling machine of the present invention: the surface of the wear-resistant rubber plate has a herringbone or wave pattern, the inclination angle of the herringbone pattern is 0-45 degrees, the fillet radius of the wave pattern is 3-30 mm, and the depth of the pattern is 2 to 10 mm.

作为本发明的青核桃脱皮机的一种设计:隔板为90~220度的弧板,沿剥皮滚筒轴线与剥皮滚筒同心布置。As a design of the green walnut peeling machine of the present invention: the dividing plate is an arc plate of 90 to 220 degrees, arranged concentrically with the peeling cylinder along the axis of the peeling cylinder.

作为本发明的青核桃脱皮机的一种设计:支撑盘为90~220度的弧板。As a kind of design of green walnut peeling machine of the present invention: the support plate is the arc plate of 90~220 degree.

本发明的青核桃脱皮机,除了一般机械所具备的动力部分、传动部分和喂料部分之外,发明的核心部分是:本发明采用带花纹的耐磨橡胶滚筒剥离青皮,剥皮凹板和扭簧是青核桃脱皮机的辅助装置。本发明改变了以往的去青皮方式带来的诸多弊端,如:手工劳动强度大,效率低,破碎率高,青皮剥净率低以及青皮汁液对手的腐蚀问题等,实现了核桃青皮剥离的机械化。本发明的青核桃脱皮机,机械结构简单,整体成本低,工作效率高,操作方便,节省人力和时间,改善了卫生条件,提高了核桃外观质量和内在品质。Green walnut peeling machine of the present invention, in addition to the power part, the transmission part and the feeding part that general machinery possesses, the core part of the invention is: the present invention adopts the wear-resisting rubber roller with pattern to peel green peeling, peeling concave plate and twisting The spring is an auxiliary device of the green walnut peeling machine. The present invention has changed many disadvantages brought by the previous way of peeling green peels, such as: high manual labor intensity, low efficiency, high breakage rate, low peeling rate of green peels and corrosion of green peels, etc., and realizes the mechanization of walnut green peels . The green walnut peeling machine of the present invention has simple mechanical structure, low overall cost, high work efficiency, convenient operation, saves manpower and time, improves hygienic conditions, and improves the appearance quality and internal quality of walnuts.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1是本发明的主视结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a front view structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

图2是本发明的右视结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a right view structure diagram of the present invention.

图3是本发明的俯视局部结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a top view partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

图中1.电机,2.机架,3.栅条分离板,4.搅龙,5.支撑盘,6.剥皮凹板,7.扭簧,8.扭簧固定杆,9.凹板支撑杆,10.喂料斗,11.控制阀板,12.耐磨橡胶板,13.剥皮滚筒,14.大带轮,15.滚筒轴,16.三角带,17.三角带,18.青皮出料斗,19.小带轮,20.核桃出料斗,21.隔板,22.调节机构。In the figure 1. Motor, 2. Rack, 3. Bar separation plate, 4. Auger, 5. Support plate, 6. Peeling concave plate, 7. Torsion spring, 8. Torsion spring fixing rod, 9. Concave plate Support rod, 10. Feeding hopper, 11. Control valve plate, 12. Wear-resistant rubber plate, 13. Peeling drum, 14. Large pulley, 15. Roller shaft, 16. V-belt, 17. V-belt, 18. Green leather Discharge hopper, 19. small pulley, 20. walnut discharge hopper, 21. dividing plate, 22. regulating mechanism.

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

参照上述附图,对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明,如图1所示的青核桃脱皮机由喂料斗、动力部件、传动部件、工作部件、机架、青皮出料斗和核桃出料斗组成。在机架2上方设喂料斗10,喂料斗一侧装有控制阀板11用于控制物料喂入量;隔板21为90~220度的弧板,分3~10组沿剥皮滚筒13轴线与剥皮滚筒同心布置,剥皮凹板6、隔板21与剥皮滚筒13组成3~10个通道;剥皮凹板6与剥皮滚筒13之间的间距可通过调节机构22调整;剥皮滚筒13由带座轴承支撑于机架2上,剥皮滚筒的外表面上固接带花纹的耐磨橡胶板12,滚筒轴15由电机1通过带传动驱动;扭簧固定杆8与凹板支撑杆9固接于支撑盘5上,支撑盘5固定在机架2上;支撑盘5为90~220度的弧板,在弧板的圆周上自上而下固接3~8根凹板支撑杆9,凹板支撑杆上铰接剥皮凹版6,剥皮凹版与剥皮滚筒13的间隙逐渐减小;剥皮凹板6上压有扭簧7,通过调整扭簧对剥皮凹板6的压力大小,以适应不同品种和不同尺寸的核桃青皮剥离;搅龙4位于剥皮通道的出口,搅龙4下方安装栅条分离板3,用来将核桃与青皮分离开。With reference to above-mentioned accompanying drawing, specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, green walnut peeling machine as shown in Figure 1 is made up of feeding hopper, power unit, transmission part, working part, frame, green peel hopper and walnut hopper. A feeding hopper 10 is arranged above the frame 2, and a control valve plate 11 is installed on one side of the feeding hopper to control the amount of material feeding; the partition 21 is an arc plate of 90-220 degrees, divided into 3-10 groups along the axis of the peeling cylinder 13 Arranged concentrically with the peeling drum, the peeling concave plate 6, the separator 21 and the peeling drum 13 form 3 to 10 channels; the distance between the peeling concave plate 6 and the peeling drum 13 can be adjusted by the adjustment mechanism 22; the peeling drum 13 is composed of a belt seat The bearing is supported on the frame 2, the outer surface of the peeling cylinder is fixedly connected with a patterned wear-resistant rubber plate 12, and the cylinder shaft 15 is driven by the motor 1 through a belt transmission; the torsion spring fixing rod 8 and the concave plate support rod 9 are fixed on the On the support plate 5, the support plate 5 is fixed on the frame 2; the support plate 5 is an arc plate of 90 to 220 degrees, and 3 to 8 concave plate support rods 9 are fixed on the circumference of the arc plate from top to bottom. The peeling gravure 6 is hinged on the plate support rod, and the gap between the peeling gravure and the peeling cylinder 13 gradually decreases; the peeling gravure 6 is pressed with a torsion spring 7, and the pressure of the torsion spring on the peeling gravure 6 is adjusted to adapt to different varieties and The walnut green skins of different sizes are peeled off; the auger 4 is located at the outlet of the peeling channel, and the grid separation plate 3 is installed below the auger 4 to separate the walnuts from the green skins.

本发明的工作过程及原理如下:Working process and principle of the present invention are as follows:

青核桃脱皮机在工作时电机1通过皮带17带动滚筒轴15旋转,滚筒轴15与剥皮滚筒13联接,喂料斗10内的青核桃由喂料斗出口进入剥皮通道进行剥皮,剥皮通道由剥皮凹板6、隔板21与剥皮滚筒13组成,相邻的隔板之间的间距限定了每一条通道一次只能进入一个青核桃。剥皮滚筒13转动时,进入剥皮通道的青核桃在剥皮滚筒13的带动下,沿切线方向运动并与剥皮凹板6接触,由于青核桃尺寸大于剥皮滚筒与剥皮凹板之间的间隙,青核桃运动时将剥皮凹板6顶起,压在剥皮凹板上的扭簧7阻止剥皮凹板向上翻转,因此,青核桃在剥皮通道中运动时有较大的压力、摩擦力等运动阻力,在剥皮凹板6和剥皮滚筒13的共同作用下将核桃青皮剥离。剥皮凹板6与剥皮滚筒13之间的间距可通过调节机构22调整,以适应不同外形尺寸的核桃。剥离后的核桃与青皮从剥皮凹板6排出,进入搅龙4,搅龙的正下方安装栅条分离板3,用来将核桃与青皮分离。搅龙旋转时将核桃推出机具外,青皮从栅条分离板的间隙挤出,经青皮出料斗18排出。压在剥皮凹板6上扭簧7的预紧力大小可调,用于不同品种和不同尺寸的核桃青皮剥离。When the green walnut peeling machine is working, the motor 1 drives the drum shaft 15 to rotate through the belt 17. The drum shaft 15 is connected with the peeling drum 13. The green walnuts in the feeding hopper 10 enter the peeling channel from the feeding hopper outlet for peeling. The peeling channel is formed by the peeling concave plate. 6, dividing plate 21 is formed with peeling cylinder 13, and the spacing between adjacent dividing plates has limited every passage once and can only enter a green walnut. When the peeling cylinder 13 rotates, the green walnuts entering the peeling passage move along the tangential direction and contact the peeling concave plate 6 under the drive of the peeling cylinder 13. Because the green walnut size is greater than the gap between the peeling cylinder and the peeling concave plate, the green walnut The peeling concave plate 6 is jacked up during motion, and the torsion spring 7 pressed on the peeling concave plate prevents the peeling concave plate from turning upwards. Under the joint action of peeling concave plate 6 and peeling cylinder 13, walnut green skin is peeled off. The spacing between the peeling concave plate 6 and the peeling cylinder 13 can be adjusted by an adjustment mechanism 22, so as to adapt to walnuts of different external dimensions. Peeled walnuts and green peels are discharged from the peeling concave plate 6, and enter the auger 4, and the grid separation plate 3 is installed directly below the auger, which is used for separating walnuts and green peels. When the auger rotates, the walnuts are pushed out of the machine tool, and the green skins are extruded from the gap of the grid bar separation plate, and discharged through the green skin discharge hopper 18. The preload size of torsion spring 7 that is pressed on the peeling concave plate 6 is adjustable, and is used for peeling off green walnut skins of different varieties and different sizes.

最后,还需要注意的是,以上列举的仅是本发明的一个具体实施例。显然,本发明不限于以上实施例,还可以有许多变形,本领域的普通技术人员能从本发明公开的内容直接导出或联想到的所有变形,均认为是本发明的保护范围。Finally, it should also be noted that what is listed above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention. Apparently, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and many variations are possible, and all variations that can be directly derived or associated by those skilled in the art from the content disclosed in the present invention are considered to be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1.青核桃脱皮机,其特征是:包括机架(2)、喂料斗(10)、剥皮滚筒(13)、耐磨橡胶板(12)、滚筒轴(15)、剥皮凹板(6)、隔板(21)、凹板支撑杆(9)、扭簧(7)、扭簧固定杆(8)、支撑盘(5)、栅条分离板(3)、搅龙(4)、青皮出料斗(18)和核桃出料斗(20);所述剥皮凹板(6)、隔板(21)与剥皮滚筒(13)构成3~10个剥皮通道;所述剥皮凹板(6)与剥皮滚筒(13)之间的间距可通过调节机构(22)调整;所述剥皮滚筒(13)由带座轴承支撑于机架(2)上,滚筒轴(15)由电机(1)通过带传动驱动;所述扭簧固定杆(8)与凹板支撑杆(9)固接于支撑盘(5)上,支撑盘(5)固定在机架(2)上;所述搅龙(4)位于剥皮通道出口处,搅龙(4)的正下方安装栅条分离板(3),搅龙(4)通过带传动驱动。1. Green walnut peeling machine, characterized by: including frame (2), feeding hopper (10), peeling roller (13), wear-resistant rubber plate (12), roller shaft (15), peeling concave plate (6) , clapboard (21), concave plate support rod (9), torsion spring (7), torsion spring fixing rod (8), support plate (5), grid separation plate (3), auger (4), green skin Discharge hopper (18) and walnut discharge hopper (20); described peeling concave plate (6), dividing plate (21) and peeling cylinder (13) constitute 3~10 peeling channels; described peeling concave plate (6) and The distance between the peeling cylinders (13) can be adjusted by an adjustment mechanism (22); the peeling cylinders (13) are supported on the frame (2) by bearings with seat belts, and the cylinder shaft (15) is driven by the motor (1) through the belt transmission drive; the torsion spring fixed rod (8) and the concave plate support rod (9) are fixedly connected on the support plate (5), and the support plate (5) is fixed on the frame (2); the auger (4 ) is located at the exit of the peeling channel, and the grid separation plate (3) is installed directly below the auger (4), and the auger (4) is driven by a belt drive. 2.根据权利要求1所述的青核桃脱皮机,其特征是:剥皮滚筒(13)的外表面上固接耐磨橡胶板(12),耐磨橡胶板(12)表面带有人字形或波浪形花纹,人字形花纹倾角为0~45度,波浪形花纹圆角半径为3~30毫米,花纹深度为2~10毫米。2. The green walnut peeling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer surface of the peeling cylinder (13) is fixed with a wear-resistant rubber plate (12), and the surface of the wear-resistant rubber plate (12) has a herringbone or wave The inclination angle of the herringbone pattern is 0-45 degrees, the fillet radius of the wavy pattern is 3-30 mm, and the depth of the pattern is 2-10 mm. 3.根据权利要求1所述的青核桃脱皮机,其特征是:隔板(21)为90~220度的弧板,沿剥皮滚筒(13)轴线与剥皮滚筒同心布置。3. The green walnut peeling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the partition (21) is an arc plate of 90-220 degrees, arranged concentrically with the peeling cylinder along the axis of the peeling cylinder (13). 4.根据权利要求1所述的青核桃脱皮机,其特征是:支撑盘(5)为90~220度的弧板。4. The green walnut peeling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the support plate (5) is an arc plate of 90-220 degrees.
CN2009101134784A 2009-10-10 2009-10-10 Green walnut dehuller Expired - Fee Related CN102038276B (en)

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CN108835649B (en) * 2018-08-03 2020-05-22 惠安佳瑞汽车销售服务有限公司 Be used for walnut green seedcase remove device
CN109588751A (en) * 2019-02-08 2019-04-09 辣妹子食品股份有限公司 A kind of exposure capsicum rejuvenator
KR102340788B1 (en) * 2019-11-29 2021-12-17 주식회사 대풍 A Manufacturing Method of the Whole Cottonseed which is inhibited germination using by cracking method.
CN113439854A (en) * 2021-07-24 2021-09-28 邱兆刚 Green walnut peeling machine
CN113927445A (en) * 2021-09-30 2022-01-14 亳州市中泰药业有限公司 Peeling machine convenient to adjust
CN115444147B (en) * 2022-09-09 2024-05-31 麦盖提县杰品种植农民专业合作社 Walnut sheller and shelling method thereof

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