CN102025318A - Inverter and air-conditioner, washing machine and refrigerator adopting the same - Google Patents
Inverter and air-conditioner, washing machine and refrigerator adopting the same Download PDFInfo
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- CN102025318A CN102025318A CN2010102593643A CN201010259364A CN102025318A CN 102025318 A CN102025318 A CN 102025318A CN 2010102593643 A CN2010102593643 A CN 2010102593643A CN 201010259364 A CN201010259364 A CN 201010259364A CN 102025318 A CN102025318 A CN 102025318A
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Abstract
The invention provides an inverter and an air-conditioner, a washing machine and a refrigerator adopting the same. The inverter aims to provide a method of inhibiting motor current riple when the rate between a PWM frequency and a voltage frequency applied by a motor is an integral multiple, and develops a method of inhibiting the motor current riple without possibly changing the PWM frequency. When the rate between the PWM frequency and the voltage frequency is around the integral multiple, the PWM frequency will be higher or lower than a basic PWM frequency. The motor applies a voltage frequency when the rate between the PWM frequency and the motor applied voltage frequency is around an integral multiple, thereby the phase of the voltage applied by the motor will slightly change.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to drive the inverter of permanent magnet synchronous motor, particularly relate to use PWM and control inverter that carries out high rotating speed driving and air-conditioning, washing machine, the refrigerator that uses this inverter.
Background technology
Generally, for variable speed drive permanent magnet synchronous motor (hereinafter referred to as motor), use direct current power is transformed to the inverter of frequency and voltage arbitrarily.Inverter is made of the controller of main circuit that uses thyristor and the above-mentioned switch element of control, by above-mentioned switch element being carried out pulse width modulation control (PWM control), control applies voltage and frequency to motor, carries out the rotating speed control of motor thus.
In addition, using air-conditioning, washing machine and the refrigerator of above-mentioned inverter to be called as white domestic appliances, is the product that occupies the main positions of the power consumption in the family.Therefore, these products energy-conservation becomes important research and development problem.On the other hand, these products constantly carry out height outputization and high capacity, so the inverter that is applied to these products is to take into account energy-conservationization and high outputization in from now on research and development problem.
At this, when considering high outputization, come drive motor to get final product with high speed rotating, but the induced voltage of permanent magnet synchronous motor and rotating speed increase pro rata, so can't more than direct voltage, drive as the input of inverter.
As the method that solves above-mentioned problem, generally use low-intensity magnetic field control or ovennodulation PWM control.Low-intensity magnetic field control is by flowing through the d shaft current as idle current, eliminate the control method that the magnet magnetic flux carries out high speed rotating, but need flow through idle current, the problem that the increase of generation loss and the current capacity of inverter are restricted.
Relative therewith, ovennodulation PWM control is by improving the modulation rate of pwm signal, the mode that the basic wave composition that makes motor apply voltage increases.At this moment, motor applies voltage does not become sine wave, but becomes trapezoidal waveform, but the basic wave composition increases.The manner is different with low-intensity magnetic field control, is the mode of effectively utilizing direct voltage, so the increase of loss reduces, can realize the high speed rotating of motor.
In current white domestic appliances product, a lot of products adopt above-mentioned low-intensity magnetic field control and ovennodulation PWM control in the lump.
As mentioned above, ovennodulation PWM control is one of effective ways of high rotating speedization, but the known ratio that applies electric voltage frequency at PWM frequency and motor is near the unstable region that has the motor current change integral multiple.Particularly in ovennodulation PWM control area, take place significantly.
As the mode of the pulsation that suppresses above-mentioned motor current, in large capacity equipments such as railway or elevator, used synchronous PWM control mode.As patent documentation 1 record, the PWM control mode is that output applies the synchronous pwm signal of electric voltage frequency (change of PWM frequency) with motor synchronously, so that PWM frequency and motor apply the mode that the ratio of electric voltage frequency must become integral multiple, be to be the technology that develop at the center with the large capacity equipment that is difficult to carry out the HF switch action.
On the other hand, in the middle low capacity equipment headed by the white domestic appliances, asynchronous PWM control mode is a main flow, and the solution when controlling as asynchronous PWM has proposed patent documentation 2,3.Fundamental method is a change PWM frequency, so that PWM frequency and motor apply the mode that the ratio of electric voltage frequency does not become integral multiple.
In the manner, the pulsation of the motor current that produces in the time of also can being suppressed at ratio that PWM frequency and motor apply electric voltage frequency for integral multiple.
But, when above-mentioned dual mode is used for the white domestic appliances product, have the problem that must solve.
That is exactly the variation of PWM frequency.No matter in above-mentioned which kind of mode, all put down in writing the mode that applies electric voltage frequency change PWM frequency for the pulsation that suppresses motor current according to motor, but in the product of reality, produce the resonance that mechanical system such as pipe arrangement and PWM frequency cause, become the generation reason of noise or extraordinary noise.Particularly in the white domestic appliances product, the sense of hearing also is important project, fine setting decision PWM frequency when the final research of product.
Therefore, can't change the PWM frequency in the running on a large scale, the air-conditioning that the driving scope of motor speed is big etc. especially can not adopt synchronous PWM control mode.In addition, the mode of patent documentation 2,3 records of asynchronous PWM control mode is not put down in writing the variation of concrete PWM frequency, considers actual product application.
In other words, be used for to change the PWM frequency significantly, need in predetermined small scope, change the PWM frequency, but described prior art is not studied at the product application of reality with the inverter of the product headed by the white domestic appliances.
As mentioned above, as prior art, narrated the mode of change PWM frequency, but the method for the motor current pulsation when suppressing PWM frequency and motor and apply electric voltage frequency and be integral multiple also considers to change minutely the mode that motor applies the voltage-phase of electric voltage frequency.
The generation reason of motor current pulsation is, PWM cycle and motor apply voltage cycle become predetermined during synchronous regime, this moment, the actual motor voltage that applies had deviation, produced error thus in control system.
Use Fig. 6 to carry out specific description.Fig. 6 is that the ratio that PWM frequency and motor apply electric voltage frequency is an integral multiple, especially the key diagram of the reason that has significantly taken place when having carried out ovennodulation PWM control.
Fig. 6 represents that the pwm signal generation applies voltage instruction value (1 phase signal of ovennodulation state of a control) with triangular signal (being called carrier wave) and motor.More above-mentioned carrier wave and above-mentioned motor apply voltage instruction value and generate pwm signal (pwm pulse).
As shown in Figure 6, under the ovennodulation state, become motor and apply voltage instruction value and almost reach peaked trapezoidal wave state, so pwm signal as shown in the figure, becomes the signal that does not almost have pulse to add.
At this, the phase difference of Fig. 6 (a) expression carrier wave and voltage instruction is 0 pwm signal when spending, the phase difference of Fig. 6 (b) expression carrier wave and voltage instruction is 180 pwm signals when spending, and the phase difference of Fig. 6 (c) expression carrier wave and voltage instruction is 270 pwm signals when spending.In addition, represent motor is applied positive voltage when pwm signal is " 1 ", represent to apply negative voltage during for " 0 ".
When Fig. 6 (a), to the voltage that applies of motor, the adding of pulse is every the half period of voltage and difference, so apply the motor voltage that has negative skew as a whole.Then, when Fig. 6 (b), the adding of pulse becomes evenly, so do not produce skew in applying voltage.In addition, opposite with Fig. 6 (a) when Fig. 6 (c), in applying voltage, produce positive skew.
So, in PWM control, particularly when ovennodulation is controlled etc. in the pwm pulse PWM control after a little while, because the pass of carrier wave and voltage-phase ties up to motor and applies generation skew in the voltage, but the ratio that applies electric voltage frequency at PWM frequency and motor is an integral multiple, and when promptly synchronous, motor applies error (skew) extended immobilization of voltage, because the influence of its accumulation produces pulsation in motor current.
Therefore, asynchronous in order to make PWM frequency and motor apply voltage, make motor apply voltage-phase and change minutely and get final product, but in described prior art, do not put down in writing this method.
[patent documentation 1] spy opens flat 7-227085 communique
[patent documentation 2] spy opens the 2002-101684 communique
[patent documentation 3] spy opens flat 5-161364 communique
[non-patent literature 1] river end か ら work " position
The self-criticism of the セ Application サ レ ス モ one タ Electricity stream セ Application サ レ ス permanet magnet モ same period one タ に Seki The Ru " put down into the 14 years industry ying Yong Bu Door of Electricity mood association conference No.171 2002
[non-patent literature 2] rock road work " Jia Electricity System product に Zhan Open The Ru レ ス ﹠amp; レ ス system Yu Ji Intraoperative Move to " 2006 モ, one タ Ji Intraoperative シ Application Port ジ ウ system 2006
[non-patent literature 3] Kobe Zhang work " セ Application サ pays I/セ Application サ レ ス to the new De ラ of ying magnetite モ one タ イ Block system Yu Ji Intraoperative " 2005 モ one タ Ji Intraoperative シ Application Port ジ ウ system 2005
Summary of the invention
As mentioned above, problem to be solved by this invention is, when considering that product is used, has the resonance point as product, and the PWM frequency is changed significantly.In other words, exploitation does not change the method that PWM frequency ground suppresses the pulsation of motor current as far as possible.
In order to solve above-mentioned problem, be characterized as: when near the motor the ratio that basic PWM frequency (set point) and motor apply electric voltage frequency becomes integral multiple applies electric voltage frequency, small change PWM frequency.
In addition, above-mentioned small change is made as, the ratio that applies electric voltage frequency at described basic PWM frequency and motor is that integral multiple is when following, the PWM frequency is changed to higher than described basic PWM frequency, the ratio that applies electric voltage frequency at described basic PWM frequency and motor is integral multiple when above, the PWM frequency is changed to lower than described basic PWM frequency.
In addition, when near the motor the ratio that described basic PWM frequency and motor apply electric voltage frequency becomes integral multiple applies electric voltage frequency, change motor minutely and apply voltage-phase.
And, carry out above-mentioned small variations in the time of only near the ratio that described basic PWM frequency and motor apply electric voltage frequency is integral multiple.
In addition, together use said PWM frequency change means and above-mentioned motor to apply voltage-phase small variations means.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the Motor Control summary block diagram of first embodiment.(embodiment 1)
Fig. 2 is the summary structure chart of inverter.(embodiment 1)
Fig. 3 is the flow chart that the PWM frequency setting is handled.(embodiment 1)
Fig. 4 is PWM frequency change action specification figure.(embodiment 1)
Fig. 5 is the real machine action waveforms of present embodiment.(embodiment 1)
Fig. 6 is motor current pulsation cause description figure.(embodiment 2)
Fig. 7 is the Motor Control summary block diagram of second embodiment.(embodiment 2)
Fig. 8 is a voltage-phase small variations image.(embodiment 2)
Fig. 9 is voltage-phase small variations action specification figure.(embodiment 2)
Figure 10 is the flow chart that the voltage-phase small variations is handled.(embodiment 2)
Figure 11 is the module outside drawing as the type of service of present embodiment.(embodiment 2)
Figure 12 is the HIC outside drawing as the type of service of present embodiment.(embodiment 2)
Figure 13 is the Motor Control summary block diagram of the 3rd embodiment.(embodiment 3)
Figure 14 is the Motor Control summary block diagram of the 4th embodiment.(embodiment 4)
Figure 15 is the action specification figure of the 4th embodiment.(embodiment 4)
Figure 16 is the outside drawing of room air conditioner.(embodiment 4)
Figure 17 is the outside drawing of washing machine.(embodiment 4)
Figure 18 is the outside drawing of refrigerator.(embodiment 4)
Symbol description
1 DC power supply; 2 converter main circuits; 3 permanent magnet synchronous motors; 4 current detection circuits; 5 direct voltage testing circuits; 6 controllers; The control basal plate of 10 modules; The converter main circuit of 11 modules; 61d shaft current instruction generator; 62 speed controls; 63 voltage instruction arithmetic units; The 64dq/3 phasing commutator; The 65PWM controller; 66 electric currents reproduce arithmetic unit; 673 phases/dq converter; 68 Su Du ﹠amp; The phase estimating device; 69A, 69B PWM frequency setter; 70 voltage-phase small variations instruction devices
Embodiment
(first embodiment)
Use Fig. 1 to Fig. 5 that first embodiment is described.
Fig. 2 represents the summary structure of the inverter of drive motor.This inverter is transformed to alternating electromotive force after the frequency and voltage arbitrarily by motor is applied with direct current power, carries out the variable speed drive of motor.
General direct current power carries out rectification to industrial power and generates, but omits in this figure, describes as DC power supply.
This inverter is made of following each one: the direct current power of DC power supply 1 as input, is supplied with converter main circuit 2 alternating electromotive forces, that be made of thyristor to motor 3; Detection is to the direct voltage testing circuit 5 of the direct voltage of described converter main circuit 2 inputs; Detect the current detection circuit 4 of the dc bus current that flows into described converter main circuit 2; And according to above-mentioned direct voltage, dc bus current and from the speed value of upper system, the controller 6 that carries out the rotating speed control of described motor 3.
Fig. 1 represents the summary block diagram of the Motor Control of being undertaken by above-mentioned controller 6.Though not shown, this control example is as realizing by the software processes of using semiconductor arithmetic elements such as microcomputer or DSP.
The control structure of Fig. 1 is described simply.The no motor current sensor of non-patent literature 1～3 record and the vector control of position-sensor-free are used in this control, when reproducing motor current according to the dc bus current that flows into converter main circuit, carry out the rotary speed of motor and inferring of phase place, carry out SPEED CONTROL OF MOTOR.At this, omit the detailed explanation relevant with Motor Control.
D shaft current instruction generator 61 is the command value Idc that generate the d shaft current on the dq coordinate
*Processing, being fixed as 0 usually when the non-salient-pole motor, when being salient-pole motor, export some negative values, control so that motor becomes the best state of efficient.
Voltage instruction arithmetic unit 63 is according to described current-order (Idc
*, Iqc
*) and motor current (Idc Iqc), uses Current Control and motor voltage Model Calculation to apply voltage instruction (Vdc
*, Vqc
*) processing.
Dq/3 phasing commutator 64 is to apply voltage instruction (Vdc to what described voltage instruction arithmetic unit 63 calculated
*, Vqc
*) be transformed to three-phase voltage instruction (Vu
*, Vv
*, Vw
*) processing.
It is according to the processing of reproducing motor current (Iu, Iv, Iw) from the dc bus current Ish of described dc bus current testing circuit 4 that electric current reproduces arithmetic unit 66.
3 phases/dq converter 67 is the processing that described motor current (Iu, Iv, Iw) are transformed to the current value (Idc, Iqc) on the dq coordinate.
Su Du ﹠amp; Phase estimating device 68 is according to the described voltage instruction (Vdc that applies
*, Vqc
*) and described motor current detected value (Idc, Iqc) infer the rotary speed f1 of motor 3 and the estimator of phase place Θ dc.
Then, use Fig. 3 that the contents processing of described PWM frequency setter 69A is described.Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the calculation process of carrying out in described PWM frequency setter 69A inside.This calculation process is calculated basic PWM frequency f pwm in step 1
*Integer part N and fractional part n with the ratio of described rotary speed f1.
In step 2, above-mentioned fractional part n and predefined PWM frequency variation d (0＜d＜0.5) are compared, when n＜d, in step 3_A, calculate PWM frequency signal fpwm according to formula (1), when 1-d＜n, in step 3_B, calculate PWM frequency signal fpwm according to formula (2).
Mathematical expression 2
Except above-mentioned situation, in step 3_C, with described basic PWM frequency f pwm
*Fpwm exports as the PWM frequency signal.
When repeating above processing, shown in Fig. 4 (a), move like that.Fig. 4 applies electric voltage frequency (rotating speed) in transverse axis power taking motivation, gets the PWM frequency at the longitudinal axis, the action specification figure of the change motion imagesization of the PWM frequency that applies electric voltage frequency corresponding to motor.
As shown in the drawing, the PWM frequency increases and decreases in the front and back that fundamental frequency and motor apply the integral multiple (N time, N+1 inferior) of electric voltage frequency.In other words, before the motor that becomes integral multiple applies electric voltage frequency, make the small increase of PWM frequency, on the contrary, make after the motor that becomes integral multiple applies electric voltage frequency that the PWM frequency is small to be reduced.
When carrying out such action, because in the zone before the motor that becomes integral multiple applies electric voltage frequency, the PWM frequency increases, and moves to the B point so in fact become the rotating speed of integral multiple from the A point.On the contrary, because in the zone after the motor that becomes integral multiple applies electric voltage frequency, the PWM frequency reduces, and moves to the C point so in fact become the rotating speed of integral multiple from the A point.
As mentioned above, the motor before becoming integral multiple applies in the electric voltage frequency, increases the PWM frequency, motor after becoming integral multiple applies in the electric voltage frequency, reduces the PWM frequency, thus, move to a distant place in the zone that motor current is pulsed, so can carry out more stable control.The increase and decrease amplitude of PWM frequency can be less value in addition, can realize the minimizing of variable quantity of PWM frequency.
At this, the action waveforms of the real machine when Fig. 5 represents to use present embodiment (motor current waveform: 1 phase).Fig. 5 (a) is the situation that does not change the PWM frequency, and Fig. 5 (b) is a situation of having used present embodiment.This experimental condition is: motor speed is 6363rpm, and the PWM frequency is that 4.8783kHz (be set at speed-frequency 23 times), PWM frequency variation d are 0.2.
As shown in Figure 5, by using present embodiment, suppressed the pulsation of motor current.
Apply the motion images of changing method of the PWM frequency of electric voltage frequency with respect to motor in Fig. 4 (b) expression to Fig. 4 (d).Omit the explanation of concrete operation method, but can repeat processing shown in Figure 3.
At this, Fig. 4 (b) and (d) be the situation that PWM frequency linearity ground is changed, Fig. 4 (c) is the situation that in whole zone the PWM frequency is changed big or smallly.In other words, be that d illustrated in fig. 3 is set to 0.5 situation.Fig. 4 (d) also is the situation that changes the PWM frequency as d=0.5 linearly.Can be according to the product that uses, be system, select the variation of PWM frequency.
In addition, in the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, use above-mentioned calculation process to calculate the PWM frequency that applies electric voltage frequency corresponding to motor, store as the table data but will carry out calculated result in advance, carry out table search and decide the PWM frequency also no problem by apply electric voltage frequency according to motor.
In addition, PWM frequency setter 69A handle is as Su Du ﹠amp; The rotary speed f1 of the output of phase estimating device 68 directly uses as input, but in fact, the rotary speed that use has applied after certain Filtering Processing can be carried out more stable control.
In addition, when thinking that speed control 62 correctly moves, the operating speed instruction f1 even replace rotary speed fl
*Also no problem.
In addition, illustrated that basic PWM frequency is predefined fixed value, but also can in the system that uses, set a plurality of basic PWM frequencies, the basic PWM frequency of change in action.So, in the system of the resonance point that has a plurality of and mechanical system, also can easily tackle.
As mentioned above, by using present embodiment, not quite amplitude change PWM frequency ground suppresses to pulse owing to PWM frequency and motor apply the motor current that the relation of electric voltage frequency produces.In addition, apply in the zone of electric voltage frequency before being integral multiple at motor the PWM frequency is changed to high value, apply in the zone of electric voltage frequency after being integral multiple at motor the PWM frequency is changed to low value, can enlarge stable control area thus, PWM frequency change amplitude can be suppressed to improve applicability at system for Min..
(second embodiment)
Use Fig. 7 to Figure 12 that second embodiment is described.
The ratio that PWM frequency and motor apply electric voltage frequency is integral multiple and the reason that produces pulsation in motor current as above use Fig. 6 explanation.
Thus, if the ratio that can make PWM frequency and motor apply electric voltage frequency is not an integral multiple, promptly be always asynchronous regime, then the pulsation of motor current can not produce yet.In above-mentioned first embodiment, the method for small change PWM frequency has been described.
But, when inverter is used for product, as mentioned above,, do not want to change the PWM frequency from avoiding the viewpoint with the resonance of the mechanical system of product with doing one's utmost.Therefore, in a second embodiment, illustrate and do not change the PWM frequency, but small change motor applies the method for voltage-phase.
Fig. 7 is identical with first embodiment, the controlling party block diagram of expression summary.The symbol identical with Fig. 1 carries out identical action.At this, only be to have deleted PWM frequency setter 69A with Fig. 1 different, appended voltage-phase small variations instruction device 70.Therefore, the action of account for voltage phase place small variations instruction device 70.
Voltage-phase small variations instruction device 70 is input with predefined basic PWM frequency and rotary speed f1, output voltage phase place small variations command value Δ Θ v
*
Fig. 8 represents the image of voltage-phase small variations action, and Fig. 9 represents the action specification figure identical with Fig. 4.Fig. 8 is the phase diagram that the motor represented in the dq coordinate system applies voltage.As shown in Figure 8, if according to voltage-phase small variations command value Δ Θ v
*Make the motor of basic fixed apply the voltage-phase change, then as by Fig. 6 explanation like that, the phase place of carrier wave and voltage instruction dissimilates the step, that is, synchronous during shortening, generation for a long time applies the situation disappearance of voltage deviation.Can be according to predetermined amplitude, by the predetermined cycle or change voltage-phase small variations command value Δ Θ v randomly
*
In addition, the moment of change shown in Fig. 9 (a), even only near PWM frequency and motor apply the integral multiple of electric voltage frequency, also can satisfy, but shown in Fig. 9 (b), can also be in the predetermined change minutely all the time more than the electric voltage frequency that applies.
At this, the contents processing of the described voltage-phase small variations instruction device 70 the during action of use Figure 10 key diagram 9 (a).Figure 10 is the flow chart of the calculation process of carrying out in described voltage-phase small variations instruction device 70 inside.Elemental motion is identical with the Fig. 3 that illustrates in first embodiment.
In step 1, calculate basic PWM frequency f pwm
*Integer part N and fractional part n with the ratio of described rotary speed f1.
In step 2, above-mentioned fractional part n and predetermined PWM frequency variation d (0＜d＜0.5) are compared, when n＜d or 1-d＜n, in step 3A, apply the small variations command value Δ Θ v of voltage-phase according to predetermined motor
*Make the voltage-phase change.Except above-mentioned situation, make motor apply the small variations command value Δ Θ v of voltage-phase
*Be zero.
If above-mentioned such motor of exporting is applied the small variations command value Δ Θ v of voltage-phase
*With from Su Du ﹠amp; Described dq/3 phasing commutator 64 is imported the result in the phase place addition of phase estimating device 68 then, and then described dq/3 phasing commutator 64 calculates with small variations command value Δ Θ v
*3 carry out the three-phase voltage instruction (Vu of small variations
*, Vv
*, Vw
*).
At this, wish small variations command value Δ Θ v
*Amplitude of fluctuation be calculated as below 10 degree with electrical degree, variable cycle is about 10 times of speed, variable cycle no matter be periodically or aperiodicity (at random) can.
As mentioned above, shown in Fig. 9 (a), can make motor apply the voltage-phase small variations, can similarly suppress the pulsation of motor current with first embodiment.In addition, if use present embodiment, then because do not change the PWM frequency, so the problems such as noise when not having commercialization.
At this, in the present embodiment, motor is applied the small variations command value Δ Θ v of voltage-phase
*With from Su Du ﹠amp; The phase place addition of phase estimating device 68, the structure of importing described dq/3 phasing commutator 64 then is illustrated, even but from Su Du ﹠amp; The phase place of phase estimating device 68 and small variations command value Δ Θ v
*Import the dq/3 phasing commutator respectively, make the structure of voltage-phase change also not have any problem in dq/3 phasing commutator inside.In addition, so long as structure that can the small variations voltage-phase can use.
The occupation mode of Figure 11,12 expression present embodiments.Figure 11 is the form with converter main circuit and the incorporate module of control circuit.As shown in figure 11,, become simply, improve the speed of commercialization easily or enlarge the scope of application to the application of product by modularization.
Figure 12 is the form with the control circuit portion HICization of present embodiment.When so only control circuit partly being carried out HICization, can use the cheap modules such as IPM of selling on the market as converter main circuit, can reduce the cost of product.
This occupation mode is not limited to present embodiment, can use in whole embodiment of the present invention.
(the 3rd embodiment)
Use Figure 13 that the 3rd embodiment is described.Figure 13 is the summary control structure figure of the 3rd embodiment.The symbol identical with the symbol of Fig. 1 and Fig. 7 record carries out identical action.At this, difference only is PWM frequency setter 69B.
Though omit detailed explanation, the pulsation reason of motor current is as by Fig. 6 explanation like that, the generation when synchronous regime that applies electric voltage frequency at PWM frequency and motor continues for a long time.In other words, because influence is little in acceleration-deceleration, so it is comparatively stable not change the words Motor Control of PWM frequency.
Therefore, operating speed deviation delta f1 carries out stopping/starting of PWM frequency change processing.
At this, present embodiment operating speed deviation delta f1 judges whether rotating speed is certain stable state, even but use other indexs also no problem.For example, if Su Du ﹠amp; Output valve (the Iqc of the amplitude of fluctuation of the phase place of phase estimating device 68 or speed control 62
*) the stable value of rotating speed is just no problem in such can judging.
By using this structure, need in acceleration-deceleration, not change the PWM frequency continually, as Motor Control, also can carry out stable action.In addition, the influences such as noise as product also reduce.
In the present embodiment, be illustrated, even but in change motor such as described second embodiment apply the mode of voltage-phase, also obtain identical effect by change PWM frequency.
(the 4th embodiment)
Use Figure 14, Figure 15 that the 4th embodiment is described.Present embodiment is and has used the mode of described first embodiment and second embodiment, puts down in writing the identical symbol of symbol with Fig. 1 and Fig. 7 and carry out identical action.
Figure 14 represents the summary block diagram of control structure.The action of each square frame is identical with the action of explanation in the above-described embodiments, so in this description will be omitted.Places different in Figure 14 are, also described 3 phases/dq converter 67 have been imported the small variations command value Δ Θ v that motor is applied voltage-phase
*With from Su Du ﹠amp; Value after the phase place Θ dc addition of phase estimating device 68.In a second embodiment, be only to make to apply the structure that voltage-phase changes minutely, but in the present embodiment, be purpose, also input to described 3 phases/dq converter 67 to improve current detection accuracy.Thus, because the current phase of current detecting is also with to apply voltage consistent, so can detect more correct current value.
In the project of second embodiment, narrate, even described 3 phases/dq converter 67 is imported respectively from described Su Du ﹠amp; The phase place Θ dc of phase estimating device 68 and small variations command value Δ Θ v
*Also no problem.
Motion images when Figure 15 represents to use present embodiment.Present embodiment and with first embodiment and second embodiment, as shown in Figure 15, the ratio that PWM frequency and motor apply electric voltage frequency become integral multiple near, not only change the PWM frequency but also voltage-phase changed minutely.
By using this mode, can reduce the change amplitude of PWM frequency and the zone that makes its variation, can realize the reduction of noise of accompanying with the variation of PWM frequency etc. and the raising of the sense of hearing.
In addition, in Figure 15 and used regional A and area B, promptly carried out identical action, but for example also can in regional A, be made as and only carry out the voltage-phase small variations, in area B and with change of PWM frequency and voltage-phase small variations etc., the size that applies electric voltage frequency according to motor switch and with, also do not use.Do not illustrate about this point.
In addition, in above embodiment, especially in first embodiment, the change amplitude that the PWM frequency has been described is almost constant, but, raise along with motor applies electric voltage frequency fixedly the time at described PWM frequency variation d, the absolute value of the change amplitude of PWM frequency strictly slowly increases.Thus, when having fixed described PWM frequency variation d, reach the change amplitude that high rotating speed needs to increase the PWM frequency.At this, the ratio of variable quantity d is identical.
But, in the purposes of product, want to limit the change amplitude of PWM frequency sometimes.At this moment, as the 4th embodiment,, can also reduce the change amplitude of PWM frequency by together using with the small variations mode of voltage-phase.
At this,, apply electric voltage frequency corresponding to motor and make the structure of described PWM frequency variation d variation also no problem even according to the system that uses.
Embodiment has been described as mentioned above, the effect when using Figure 16 to Figure 18 explanation to be used for actual product.
Figure 16 is the outside drawing of air-conditioning, room air conditioner, and Figure 17 is the outside drawing of washing machine, and Figure 18 is the outside drawing of refrigerator.Illustrated product is to use the equipment of motor driven compressor or Wash tub (tube), is arranged in the family basically and near equipment, must avoid producing noise or extraordinary noise.
The present invention not quite amplitude change PWM frequency ground suppresses because PWM frequency and motor apply the motor current pulsation that the integral multiple of electric voltage frequency causes.In addition, in the mode that makes the voltage-phase small variations, do not need to change the PWM frequency, also do not damage the sense of hearing.
At this, the effect when above present embodiment is used for each product is described.At first, when being used for air-conditioning or refrigerator, because the drive area in the ovennodulation PWM control enlarges and control stability improves, so can take into account higher efficient and high output.Specifically, drive, so, can further carry out the design of raising the efficiency at low-speed region about the design of motor because can carry out the high speed high load capacity.In addition, because do not need to carry out the boost action of direct voltage, circuit efficiency also improves.And, because paramount rotating speed one side is moved in the low-intensity magnetic field control area,, can reduce the loss of circuit and motor so can also reduce the amount of idle current, help to suppress global warming.
Then, in washing machine, when identical direct voltage, ovennodulation PWM control can be used,, under dehydration mode, dewatering time can be shortened so can improve motor speed.And, so also can save the energy because can shorten dewatering time.
Be that the center is illustrated when controlling, when modulation control usually, also take place but PWM frequency and motor apply motor current pulsation that the integral multiple of electric voltage frequency causes with ovennodulation PWM.Specifically,, motor low in the PWM frequency applies electric voltage frequency when high, and the pwm pulse number that each motor applies voltage cycle reduces, so become state identical when control with ovennodulation PWM, produces motor current and pulses.
In other words, the technology of explanation is the mode that can also use in the equipment that does not use ovennodulation PWM control in the present embodiment.Especially be suitable for most improving the mode of the system of PWM frequency.
Claims (15)
1. inverter, its with direct current power as input, use PWM control to apply the alternating electromotive force of optional frequency and voltage to motor, come described motor is carried out variable speed drive, it changes described PWM frequency when near the motor the ratio that PWM frequency and motor apply electric voltage frequency reaches integral multiple applies electric voltage frequency at least, described inverter is characterised in that
The motor that the ratio that applies electric voltage frequency at predefined basic PWM frequency and motor becomes the front and back of integral multiple applies electric voltage frequency, and the PWM frequency is increased and decreased from basic PWM frequency.
2. inverter according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
The ratio that applies electric voltage frequency at described basic PWM frequency and described motor is during below the integral multiple or less than integral multiple, described PWM frequency is changed to be higher than described basic PWM frequency.
3. inverter according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
The ratio that applies electric voltage frequency at described basic PWM frequency and described motor is greater than integral multiple or be integral multiple when above, described PWM frequency is changed to be lower than described basic PWM frequency.
4. inverter according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
The ratio that applies electric voltage frequency at described basic PWM frequency and described motor is during below the integral multiple or less than integral multiple, described PWM frequency changed to be higher than described basic PWM frequency, the ratio that applies electric voltage frequency at described PWM frequency and described motor is greater than integral multiple or be integral multiple when above, described PWM frequency is changed to be lower than described basic PWM.
5. according to any described inverter of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that,
Described basic PWM frequency applies electric voltage frequency according to described motor and comes change setting.
6. according to any described inverter of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that,
The change of described PWM frequency is changed when described motor speed stable status.
7. according to any described inverter of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that,
The change of described PWM frequency is changed when the state of described motor speed deviation in preset range.
8. inverter, it as input, uses PWM control to apply the alternating electromotive force of optional frequency and voltage to motor with direct current power, comes described motor is carried out variable speed drive, and described inverter is characterised in that,
When near the motor the ratio that predefined basic PWM frequency and motor apply electric voltage frequency reaches integral multiple applies electric voltage frequency at least, make motor apply voltage-phase and change.
9. inverter according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
When near the motor the ratio that described basic PWM frequency and described motor apply electric voltage frequency reaches integral multiple applies electric voltage frequency, also make motor apply voltage-phase and change.
10. according to Claim 8 or 9 described inverters, it is characterized in that,
Described motor applies the change of voltage-phase, changes when described motor speed stable status.
11. inverter, its with direct current power as input, use PWM control to apply the alternating electromotive force of optional frequency and voltage to motor, come described motor is carried out variable speed drive, it changes described PWM frequency when near the motor the ratio that PWM frequency and motor apply electric voltage frequency reaches integral multiple applies electric voltage frequency at least, described inverter is characterised in that
Possess: the motor that the ratio that applies electric voltage frequency at predefined basic PWM frequency and motor reaches the front and back of integral multiple applies electric voltage frequency, makes the unit of PWM frequency from basic PWM frequency increase and decrease; And
When near the motor the ratio that described basic PWM frequency and described motor apply electric voltage frequency reaches integral multiple applies electric voltage frequency, make motor apply the unit that voltage-phase changes,
Described inverter is carried out at least one side's change unit.
12. inverter module or HIC is characterized in that,
On same substrate, be equipped with claim 1,8, any described inverter of 11.
13. an air conditioner, it is used for Driven Compressor with claim 1,8, any described inverter of 11, it is characterized in that,
Carry out the motor current pulsation and suppress, and carry out ovennodulation PWM control so that realize the height outputization of compressor.
14. a refrigerator, it is used for Driven Compressor with claim 1,8, any described inverter of 11, it is characterized in that,
Carry out the motor current pulsation and suppress, and carry out ovennodulation PWM control so that realize the height outputization of compressor.
15. a washing machine, it is used to drive Wash tub or tube with claim 1,8, any described inverter of 11, it is characterized in that,
Carry out the motor current pulsation and suppress, and carry out ovennodulation PWM control so that shorten the dewatering time of dehydration mode.
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| JP2009212631A JP5075892B2 (en) | 2009-09-15 | 2009-09-15 | Inverter device and air conditioner, washing machine, refrigerator using the same |
| JP2009-212631 | 2009-09-15 |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN102647147A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-08-22 | 东方日立(成都)电控设备有限公司 | Self-adapting synchronous modulation method |
| WO2022048100A1 (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2022-03-10 | 江苏大学 | Ultra-high-speed electric air compressor variable-voltage stability expansion control system and method for improving large-range speed regulation response capability |
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| JP5862125B2 (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2016-02-16 | 富士電機株式会社 | Control device for power converter |
| JP5780982B2 (en) * | 2012-03-02 | 2015-09-16 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Power conversion device and compressor, blower, air conditioner and refrigerator provided with the same |
| CN103840688B (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2017-05-24 | 北京工业大学 | Brushless direct-current generator controllable rectification method |
| CN107925377B (en) | 2015-08-12 | 2021-01-01 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Motor drive device and refrigeration and air-conditioning device |
| CN107925373B (en) | 2015-09-04 | 2020-10-30 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Power conversion device and heat pump device |
| TR201610873A2 (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2018-02-21 | Arcelik As | Household appliance having a power module with dynamically controlled switching frequency |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN102025318B (en) | 2014-06-18 |
| JP2011066949A (en) | 2011-03-31 |
| JP5075892B2 (en) | 2012-11-21 |
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