CN102001026A - Free-form surface processing device - Google Patents
Free-form surface processing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102001026A CN102001026A CN 201010299036 CN201010299036A CN102001026A CN 102001026 A CN102001026 A CN 102001026A CN 201010299036 CN201010299036 CN 201010299036 CN 201010299036 A CN201010299036 A CN 201010299036A CN 102001026 A CN102001026 A CN 102001026A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a free-form surface processing device which comprises a workpiece shaft unit, a drive unit for driving the workpiece shaft unit to rotate, a workpiece shaft feeding unit for driving the workpiece shaft unit to rapidly axially displace, a cutter unit and a cutter feeding unit for driving the cutter unit to slowly axially and radially displace. The free-form surface processing device also comprises a coupler arranged between the workpiece shaft unit and the drive unit, wherein the drive unit is fixedly arranged and the workpiece shaft unit can axially displace relative to the drive unit. Compared with the prior art, the drive unit used for driving the workpiece shaft unit to rotate is relatively fixedly arranged, and the coupler is arranged between the workpiece shaft unit and the drive unit, therefore, the workpiece shaft feeding unit can drive the workpiece shaft unit to axially displace relative to the drive unit, the mass of the rapid displacing part is reduced furthest, thus the rapid feeding acceleration can be reliably improved when in same power, and the purposes of improving the workpiece rotating speed and further enhancing the processing efficiency can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mechanical manufacturing field, be specifically related to a kind of Free-Form Surface Machining device.
Background technology
Free form surface comprises the curved surface of the Any shape that non-traditional arbitrarily, asymmetrical curved surface, micro structure array and parameter vector are represented, it can concentrate on a plurality of optical functions on the optical element.Based on these characteristics, free form surface has obtained application more and more widely in optical system.Such as, progressive many intersection points eyeglass can combine correcting presbyopia's eyesight and myopia strength effectively, uses a pair of glasses can be clear that the distant place with nearby, is very easy to lens wearer simultaneously.
At present, be used for the lathe of Free-Form Surface Machining, particularly the lathe of progressive multi-focal lenses eyeglass processing mainly contains three types:
1, based on the Free-Form Surface Machining lathe of lathe.Its cutter is arranged on the cross table, realize with respect to workpiece axially with move radially; Simultaneously, can the different cutter of assortment on the workbench, as lathe tool, milling cutter and bistrique.In process, usually the chipping allowance of workpiece is divided into rough lumber and essence and cuts two procedures and carry out, to improve working (machining) efficiency; Like this, for satisfying the technological requirement of processing free form surface, each cutter all has the fast driving of oneself, thereby causes the lathe cost higher.
2, based on the Free-Form Surface Machining lathe of milling lathe.Its workpiece spindle is arranged on one and can realizes on the slide unit that quick straight line moves, and cutter is arranged on the slide unit that moves at a slow speed.During the processing free form surface, the workpiece spindle slide unit drives workpiece spindle fast moving vertically, and peak acceleration that it moves and positioning accuracy directly influence working (machining) efficiency and quality.Because the workpiece spindle of the lathe of this layout adopts electric main shaft, the quality of fast moving comprises that workpiece spindle itself and drive motors and workpiece clamp associated components such as cylinder and slide block; That is to say, need the quality of acceleration bigger; Like this, restrict the peak acceleration that can realize in actual use, had the lower defective of working (machining) efficiency.
3, based on the extraordinary lathe of processing free form surface.This type of lathe approaches Free-Form Surface Machining lathe based on milling lathe from principle, and its main distinction is that a workpiece spindle slide unit is arranged on the gyroaxis.But the quality of need quickening is still identical with lathe based on milling lathe, has the lower defective of working (machining) efficiency equally.
In view of this, demand urgently being optimized design, to overcome the problem that the lathe manufacturing cost is too high and working (machining) efficiency is lower at existing Free-Form Surface Machining lathe.
Summary of the invention
At above-mentioned defective, the technical problem that the present invention solves is, a kind of Free-Form Surface Machining device of structure optimization is provided, and with effectively controlling on the basis of lathe manufacturing cost, improves working (machining) efficiency.
Free-Form Surface Machining device provided by the invention, comprise the workpiece spindle unit, drive described workpiece spindle unit rotational driver element, drive workpiece spindle feed unit, the knife unit of described workpiece spindle unit rapid axial displacement and drive described knife unit slow axis to the tool feeding unit of radial displacement; Also comprise the shaft coupling that is arranged between described workpiece spindle unit and the described driver element, described driver element fixedly installs and described workpiece spindle unit can be with respect to described driver element axial displacement.
Preferably, described shaft coupling is specially the coupling band that is fixed on the described workpiece spindle unit, can endwisely slip between the output shaft of described coupling band and described driver element, and both cross sections is suitable polygon.
Preferably, described workpiece spindle unit comprises workpiece spindle nose, workpiece spindle and collet; Wherein, described workpiece spindle nose links to each other with described workpiece spindle feed unit, and described workpiece spindle is connected with described driver element by described coupling band; One end of described collet has the jaw of holding workpiece, and the outer of its other end compresses mutually with the outer face of described workpiece spindle nose, and the free end of described workpiece spindle links to each other with described collet after described workpiece spindle nose passes; And under the effect of workpiece spindle feed unit, described workpiece spindle nose is to workpiece direction or workpiece rightabout displacement first distance, and described collet compresses and produces the strain clamping work pieces with the outer face of described workpiece spindle nose or separates with described workpiece spindle nose and unclamp workpiece.
Preferably, described workpiece spindle unit also comprises limiting component and elastomeric element; Wherein, described limiting component is arranged on the described workpiece spindle of described workpiece spindle nose opposite side; Described elastomeric element precommpression is arranged between described workpiece spindle nose and the described limiting component, and the jaw of described collet is the clamping work pieces shape; And have default second distance between the output shaft of described driver element and the described workpiece spindle, described second distance is less than described first distance; When described workpiece spindle nose to workpiece rightabout displacement second distance, described workpiece spindle and described output shaft offset, when described workpiece spindle nose continues to workpiece rightabout displacement first distance, described workpiece spindle nose compresses described elastomeric element and separates with described collet and unclamp workpiece; When described workpiece spindle nose to workpiece direction displacement first distance, described elastomeric element acts on described limiting component and workpiece spindle nose, the jaw of described collet is the clamping work pieces shape.
Preferably, described limiting component is threaded with described workpiece spindle.
Preferably, described elastomeric element is specially the disk spring that is sleeved on the described workpiece spindle.
Preferably, have the static pressure gap of circumferential setting between the output shaft of described coupling band and described driver element, and described static pressure gap is communicated with the pressure medium pipeline.
Preferably, described pressure medium is specially gases at high pressure, and described static pressure gap is the 5-30 micron; Perhaps described pressure medium is specially highly pressurised liquid, and described static pressure gap is the 10-50 micron.
Preferably, described knife unit has at least a cutter.
Preferably, described driver element is specially servomotor; And described servomotor is provided with angular encoder, with angle signal that obtains described workpiece spindle and the driver that feeds back to described servomotor, with the turned position of the described workpiece spindle of closed-loop control.
In the use, the present invention during with processing curve cutter and workpiece be decomposed into the motion of the rapid movement and the knife unit of workpiece spindle unit in axial relative motion, thereby knife unit can be provided with multiple cutter simultaneously, has effectively controlled the production cost of lathe.Compared with prior art, be used to drive the driver element relative fixed setting of workpiece spindle unit rotational, and between workpiece spindle unit and driver element, be provided with shaft coupling, like this, the workpiece spindle feed unit can drive described workpiece spindle unit with respect to driver element axial displacement; That is to say, realize circumferentially rotating synchronously and can axially breaking away from of driver element and workpiece spindle.Because driver element fixedly installs, the quality of fast moving part farthest reduces, and has therefore improved the acceleration of fast feed reliably when equal-wattage, improves the purpose that workpiece rotational frequency improves working (machining) efficiency thereby can reach.
In preferred version of the present invention, the integrated collet that is provided with by the strain workpiece in the end of workpiece spindle, under the effect of workpiece spindle feed unit, when the workpiece spindle nose to workpiece direction or workpiece rightabout displacement first distance, this first distance is and makes collet produce the strain clamping work pieces to unclamp the required axial displacement of workpiece to recovering distortion.Collet compresses and produces the strain clamping work pieces with the outer face of described workpiece spindle nose or separates with described workpiece spindle nose and unclamp workpiece.This programme has reasonable in design, the advantage of easy operating.
In another preferred version of the present invention, between the output shaft of coupling band and driver element, has the static pressure gap, with under the effect of pressed gas or pressure fluid, keep axial sliding fit reliably between the two, possess the rigidity height, the gap is little, the high and good advantage of thermal diffusivity of damping.
In another preferred version of the present invention, the angular encoder that is used to obtain the workpiece spindle angle signal is arranged on servomotor, and further reducing needs the quality quickened, improves acceleration and working (machining) efficiency.
Free-Form Surface Machining device provided by the invention can be used for the processing of any free form surface, is specially adapted to process progressive multi-focal lenses eyeglass free form surface.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of Free-Form Surface Machining device described in first kind of specific embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the assembly relation schematic diagram of shaft coupling described in first kind of specific embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that Workpiece clamping head is positioned at releasing orientation described in first kind of specific embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of Free-Form Surface Machining device described in second kind of specific embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of Free-Form Surface Machining device described in the third specific embodiment;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of Free-Form Surface Machining device described in the 4th kind of specific embodiment.
Among the figure:
The specific embodiment
Core of the present invention provides a kind of Free-Form Surface Machining device of structure optimization, with effectively controlling on the basis of lathe manufacturing cost, improves working (machining) efficiency.Specify preferred embodiment below in conjunction with Figure of description.
See also Fig. 1, this illustrates a kind of structural representation of Free-Form Surface Machining device.
As shown in Figure 1, this Free-Form Surface Machining device comprise workpiece spindle unit 1, drive the driver element 2 that rotates workpiece spindle unit 1, the workpiece spindle feed unit (not shown) that drives workpiece spindle unit 1 rapid axial displacement, knife unit 3 and drive knife unit 3 slow axis to the tool feeding unit (not shown) of radial displacement; Also comprise the shaft coupling 4 that is arranged between workpiece spindle unit 1 and the driver element 2, this driver element 2 fixedly installs and workpiece spindle unit 1 can be with respect to driver element 2 axial displacements.
Need to prove, the related workpiece spindle feed unit of this programme is identical with prior art with the tool feeding unit, those skilled in the art can realize fully based on prior art, such as, the workpiece spindle unit is arranged on one can carry out on the straight-line slide unit, and slide unit drives by a quick linear moving mechanism; Be provided with one in the place ahead of workpiece spindle unit and drive knife unit relative to workpiece 10 carries out axially and radial alignment moves cutter slide unit etc.So this paper repeats no more.
Following the position of free form surface each point is described by the cylindrical coordinates system.
(C X), and is decomposed into rotation symmetric part Z1 and non-rotating symmetric part Z2 to the coordinate Z of free form surface to Z=f.The rotation symmetric part Z1=f1 (X) bigger the motion amplitude realize by slow traditional cutter slide unit, and the less non-rotating symmetric part Z2=f2 of motion amplitude (C X) realizes by the workpiece spindle unit.In fact, on the cutter slide unit, can car be installed simultaneously, mill, cutter such as grinding, realize that a clamping finishes roughing, operations such as semifinishing and fine finishining; Several cutting tools only need a cover fast feed system (Z2).All cutter is contained on the slow cutter slide unit, and non-rotating symmetric part is finished by the motion of workpiece spindle unit.In summary, Z1, Z2, C and X interlock can realize describing the integrated motion of free form surface:
Z＝Z1+Z2＝f1(X)+f2(C，X)。
In the course of work, because driver element and workpiece spindle can circumferentially rotate synchronously and can axially break away from, and driver element fixedly installs, and the quality of actual required fast moving part farthest reduces, thereby has improved the acceleration of fast feed when equal-wattage reliably.Particularly, please in the lump referring to Fig. 2, the figure shows the assembly relation schematic diagram of described shaft coupling.
This paper said " first distance " makes collet produce the strain clamping work pieces to unclamp in the process of workpiece to recovering distortion, the axial displacement that workpiece spindle nose 11 is required.
Further, workpiece spindle unit 1 also comprises limiting component 14 and elastomeric element 15; Wherein, be threaded between the workpiece spindle 12 of limiting component 14 and workpiece spindle nose 11 opposite sides, to regulate the axial distance between limiting component 14 and the workpiece spindle nose 11; Certainly, comparatively simply add the formula device, also can adopt the mode of fixedlying connected of non-dismountable formula between limiting component 14 and the workpiece spindle 12 for using operating mode.
As shown in Figure 2, elastomeric element 15 adopts the disk spring that is sleeved on the workpiece spindle 12.This disk spring is through being arranged on after the precommpression between workpiece spindle nose 11 and the limiting component 14, and under this state, collet 13 jaws 131 that are arranged on workpiece spindle nose 11 opposite sides are the clamping work pieces shape; That is, under the normality, jaw 131 is in the clamping shape.Should be appreciated that restriction, keep jaw under the normality to be in clamping shape must need to regulate axial distance between limiting component 14 and the workpiece spindle nose 11 for different workpieces, different grip size.
In addition, at the above-mentioned design of under the effect of workpiece spindle feed unit, finishing clamping workpiece, has default second distance in this programme between the output shaft of servomotor and the workpiece spindle, workpiece spindle 12 can axial displacement in the second distance scope with respect to motor output shaft, satisfies the processing needs of fast feed.Second distance need be less than aforementioned first distance.For ease of describing its operation principle, axial displacement first distance of unclamping workpiece 10 can be divided into two stages considerations: in the phase I, workpiece spindle nose 11 is behind workpiece 10 rightabout displacement second distances, and workpiece spindle and output shaft offset; Continuing to promote workpiece spindle nose 11 this moment continues to the displacement of workpiece rightabout, then enter second stage, until workpiece spindle nose 11 displacements first distance, workpiece spindle nose 11 will promote disk spring and produce compression, like this, thus workpiece spindle nose 11 separates with collet 13 and recovers distortion and unclamp workpiece.Matching relationship during releasing orientation between each parts sees also Fig. 3.Otherwise, when workpiece spindle nose 11 to workpiece 10 direction displacements first distance, disk spring acts on limiting component 14 and workpiece spindle nose 11, this moment collet 13 jaw 131 be the clamping work pieces shape.
Certainly, elastomeric element 15 is not limited to the disk spring shown in the figure, in fact also can select compression helical spring or other elastomeric materials to make; In addition, the shaft coupling that is used to connect servomotor and workpiece spindle also can adopt versions such as magnetic coupling or sliding friction spline to realize.As long as satisfy the demand all in the scope that the application asks for protection.
Axial between the two in order to satisfy relative to the use needs that slide and circumferentially rotate synchronously, have the static pressure gap of circumferential setting between the output shaft of coupling band 41 and driver element 2; Simultaneously, the pressure medium pipeline is communicated with this static pressure gap,, keeps axial sliding fit reliably between the two with under the effect of pressed gas or pressure fluid.Particularly, pressure medium is selected gases at high pressure, and then the static pressure gap should be set to the 5-30 micron; Pressure medium is selected highly pressurised liquid, and then the static pressure gap should be set to the 10-50 micron.
In addition, the angular encoder (not shown) in this programme is arranged on the servomotor, with angle signal that obtains workpiece spindle and the driver that feeds back to servomotor, with the turned position of the described workpiece spindle of closed-loop control.Compared with prior art, this programme can remove angular encoder on the workpiece spindle and read head, and directly uses the angular encoder of drive motors inside, thereby further reduces the quality that needs acceleration, improves acceleration and working (machining) efficiency.
Preferably, knife unit 3 has at least a cutter, such as, on cutter slide unit at a slow speed, lathe tool can be installed simultaneously, bistrique and milling head, and with the rough cut that can realize free form surface once cover fast driving system, half smart cutting and smart the cutting, thereby, reduce the production cost of lathe further can effectively improve machining accuracy and production efficiency.In aforementioned first embodiment, cutter can be selected milling head or bistrique, and three kinds of embodiment that different cutters are set below are provided.
See also Fig. 4, this figure is the structural representation of Free-Form Surface Machining device described in second kind of specific embodiment; Cutter in this scheme is that a lathe tool and one are around the rotating tool spindle of self axis.On the tool spindle milling cutter or bistrique can be installed, one time clamping workpiece just can carry out turning and milling or grinding, realizes that a clamping finishes roughing and accurately machined technology.Improve working (machining) efficiency and precision.
See also Fig. 5, this figure is the structural representation of Free-Form Surface Machining device described in the third specific embodiment; Cutter in this scheme is the combination of three cutters, such as three lathe tools, or milling tool of two lathe tools, or one milling tool of lathe tool and a grinding tool, thereby can select different tool combinations for use according to the material of workpiece to be machined, realize best machining accuracy and efficient.
See also Fig. 6, this figure is the structural representation of Free-Form Surface Machining device described in the 4th kind of specific embodiment; Cutter in this scheme is a lathe tool.
Above-mentioned three kinds of embodiments only are the different of cutter compound mode with the difference of first embodiment, and other compositions and annexation and first embodiment are identical, do not repeat them here.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Free-Form Surface Machining device comprises:
The workpiece spindle unit;
Drive the driver element of described workpiece spindle unit rotational;
Drive the workpiece spindle feed unit of described workpiece spindle unit rapid axial displacement;
Knife unit;
Drive described knife unit slow axis to the tool feeding unit of radial displacement; It is characterized in that, also comprise the shaft coupling that is arranged between described workpiece spindle unit and the described driver element, described driver element fixedly installs and described workpiece spindle unit can be with respect to described driver element axial displacement.
2. Free-Form Surface Machining device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described shaft coupling is specially the coupling band that is fixed on the described workpiece spindle unit, can endwisely slip between the output shaft of described coupling band and described driver element, and both cross sections is suitable polygon.
3. Free-Form Surface Machining device according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described workpiece spindle unit comprises:
The workpiece spindle nose that links to each other with described workpiece spindle feed unit;
Workpiece spindle is connected with described driver element by described coupling band; With
Collet, the one end has the jaw of holding workpiece, and the outer of its other end compresses mutually with the outer face of described workpiece spindle nose, and the free end of described workpiece spindle links to each other with described collet after described workpiece spindle nose passes; And
Under the effect of workpiece spindle feed unit, described workpiece spindle nose is to workpiece direction or workpiece rightabout displacement first distance, and described collet compresses and produces the strain clamping work pieces with the outer face of described workpiece spindle nose or separates with described workpiece spindle nose and unclamp workpiece.
4. Free-Form Surface Machining device according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described workpiece spindle unit also comprises:
Limiting component is arranged on the described workpiece spindle of described workpiece spindle nose opposite side; With
Elastomeric element, precommpression are arranged between described workpiece spindle nose and the described limiting component, and the jaw of described collet is the clamping work pieces shape; And
Have default second distance between the output shaft of described driver element and the described workpiece spindle, described second distance is less than described first distance;
When described workpiece spindle nose to workpiece rightabout displacement second distance, described workpiece spindle and described output shaft offset, when described workpiece spindle nose continues to workpiece rightabout displacement first distance, described workpiece spindle nose compresses described elastomeric element and separates with described collet and unclamp workpiece; When described workpiece spindle nose to workpiece direction displacement first distance, described elastomeric element acts on described limiting component and workpiece spindle nose, the jaw of described collet is the clamping work pieces shape.
5. Free-Form Surface Machining device according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described limiting component is threaded with described workpiece spindle.
6. Free-Form Surface Machining device according to claim 4 is characterized in that described elastomeric element is specially the disk spring that is sleeved on the described workpiece spindle.
7. according to each described Free-Form Surface Machining device in the claim 2 to 6, it is characterized in that having the static pressure gap of circumferential setting between the output shaft of described coupling band and described driver element, and described static pressure gap is communicated with the pressure medium pipeline.
8. Free-Form Surface Machining device according to claim 7 is characterized in that described pressure medium is specially gases at high pressure, and described static pressure gap is the 5-30 micron; Perhaps described pressure medium is specially highly pressurised liquid, and described static pressure gap is the 10-50 micron.
9. Free-Form Surface Machining device according to claim 1 is characterized in that described knife unit has at least a cutter.
10. Free-Form Surface Machining device according to claim 1 is characterized in that described driver element is specially servomotor; And described servomotor is provided with angular encoder, with angle signal that obtains described workpiece spindle and the driver that feeds back to described servomotor, with the turned position of the described workpiece spindle of closed-loop control.
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| CN103112493A (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2013-05-22 | 同济大学 | Cable-driven steer-by-wire mechanism system for independent suspensions |
| CN103567460A (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2014-02-12 | 鸿准精密模具（昆山）有限公司 | Curved surface turning method |
| CN105500152A (en) * | 2014-05-04 | 2016-04-20 | 东莞劲胜精密组件股份有限公司 | 3D processing method for glass, processing cutter and processing device |
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Application publication date: 20110406 Assignee: Beijing long Chuang Optical Machinery Co., Ltd. Assignor: Chen Yaolong Contract record no.: 2014990000661 Denomination of invention: Free-form surface processing device Granted publication date: 20130501 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20140815 |
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