CN101964148B

CN101964148B - Road traffic information recording server and GPS (Global Positioning System) user terminal

Info

Publication number: CN101964148B
Application number: CN200910090009.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘勃; 王文佳
Original assignee: Hitachi China Research and Development Corp
Current assignee: Hitachi China Research and Development Corp
Priority date: 2009-07-24
Filing date: 2009-07-24
Publication date: 2013-06-19
Anticipated expiration: 2029-07-24
Also published as: CN101964148A

Abstract

The invention provides a road traffic information recording server and a GPS user terminal. In the invention, a traffic information acquisition system based on user information establishes files of each user by collecting the information of common routes of users, driving preference and the like, provides individualized traffic information service to the users and collects the information of the position and the speed of vehicles of the users in the course of traveling to generate the jam information of a road, wherein the user information is used for enhancing the precision of data acquisition so that the generated jam information of the road is more accurate than the traditional floating car system in the course.

Description

Traffic Information records server and GPS user terminal

Technical field

The present invention relates to the acquisition of road traffic information system, more specifically, relate to a kind of Traffic Information and record server and a kind of GPS user terminal, wherein based on user preference and/or history information, realize the record of effective Traffic Information.The present invention has introduced a kind of method and system that utilizes float user data and unsteady user preference information generation Traffic Information.Particularly introduced a kind of method and system that utilizes float user data and unsteady user preference information generation congestion in road information.In the present invention, unsteady user is mobile on road and can crosses terminal device to people or the car of center uploading data, unsteady user data is the data that provided by unsteady user mobile on road, and it comprises three kinds of information, Customs Assigned Number, temporal information, positional information at least.Common route when unsteady user preference information is unsteady user's steering vehicle, driving preference etc., for example, defining route on and off duty is common route.

Background technology

Existing a lot of known patents have been discussed the method and system that utilizes Floating Car to carry out the traffic congestion information acquisition.For example, Japanese documentation JP-A-7-29098 discloses the system of the congestion status of a kind of position that utilizes Floating Car and velocity information, calculating road.Vehicle sends oneself position and velocity information to the center in this type systematic, system will go out according to the positional information calculation of vehicle the residing road of vehicle, if the positional information of vehicle has error, vehicle may be matched on wrong path, cause system-computed traffic congestion information out to be reacted on wrong path, its result is exactly the precise decreasing of the congestion in road information of system's output.In existing floating vehicle system mainly with taxi as Floating Car, and the GPS equipment on Chinese taxi belongs to low side devices more, precision is not very high, test the precision that obtains probably 30 meters to 50 meters left and right by reality, and the elevation information precision of vertical direction is also very poor, can't distinguish the road of differing heights in overpass, viaduct in reality.If the positional information of vehicle is to be obtained by the GPS device that hangs down precision, the positional information of vehicle often error is just larger; In addition, in the big city due to high building, overpass, complicated viaduct etc. to the blocking of gps signal, Vehicle Driving Cycle the gps signal drift also often can occur in time around these buildings, cause vehicle by system matches to wrong path.Very common in the above problem of China at present.

In order to address this problem, the present invention introduces user preference information the positional information of vehicle is verified, utilizes position, the velocity information of vehicle, calculates the congestion status of road.Everyone has the preference of oneself, and for example, for identical destination, some driver likes the loop walking to have a lot of social connections, and some driver likes the few path of mule carriage.For another example, for the working clan, route on and off duty may be relatively-stationary at ordinary times, and the route that goes to the cinema weekend may be relatively-stationary, and these all depend on user's preference.If these users' preference is collected and is kept in system as user profile; so when system utilizes data that vehicle is uploaded to calculate; even some error of vehicle position information; system also can make correct judgement to the position of vehicle; because system has obtained priori, know the route that route that vehicle will pass through or driver can select usually.

United States Patent (USP) 7,424, mentioned in 363 (Method and system for adaptive navigationusing a driver ' s route knowledge) according to the driver and provide the respective paths navigation to the familiarity in path, when the driver is familiar to some highway section, just omit the path navigation on this section way, only provide path navigation in the highway section that the driver is not familiar with to the driver, this needs navigating instrument to preserve the driver to the experimental knowledge in path.United States Patent (USP) 7,257, mentioned in 484 (Method forsearching car navigation path by using log file) and utilized the path record that navigating instrument is preserved that navigation is provided, navigating instrument is before being user's calculating path, at first search from historical record, seeing if there is the identical route record in destination can directly select.The history information of how having mentioned in these two patents with driver's posterior infromation and navigating instrument goes to provide navigation feature, but these information all only are kept on single navigating instrument, do not upload to the center, carry out classification analysis by the center, more do not propose these information is used for the method and system of traffic information collection.System proposed by the invention all is kept at user preference and vehicle operation data in centring system, is used for calculating road congestion conditions and providing the Extraordinary transport information to the user.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a kind of Traffic Information and record server and a kind of GPS user terminal.In the present invention, pass through to collect user's common route based on the traffic information acquisition system of user profile, the information such as driving preference are set up each user's archives, provide the Extraordinary traffic-information service to the user, and the congestion information of the position in collection user Vehicle Driving Cycle process and velocity information generation road, in this process, user profile is used to improve the precision of data acquisition, makes the congestion in road information of generation more accurate than present floating vehicle system.

According to the first scheme of the present invention, propose a kind of Traffic Information and recorded server, comprising: R-T unit, for the GPS information of the described GPS user terminal that receives GPS user terminal real-time report; Memory storage is used for storing map information, the prediction route of described GPS user terminal and effective GPS information of described GPS user terminal; And screening plant, be used for according to described cartographic information, the GPS information of the described GPS user terminal that will conform to the prediction route of described GPS user terminal as effective GPS information recording/of described GPS user terminal in described memory storage.

Preferably, the prediction route of described GPS user terminal is to set in advance and report described Traffic Information by the user under described GPS user terminal by described GPS user terminal to record server, and described R-T unit also is used for receiving the prediction route by the described GPS user terminal of described GPS user terminal to send up.

Preferably, described R-T unit also is used for receiving starting point and the terminal point that is reported in advance by described GPS user terminal, described Traffic Information records server and also comprises: prediction Route Generation device, be used for according to described starting point and described terminal point, generate in advance the prediction route of described GPS user terminal, and described R-T unit also is sent to described GPS user terminal for the prediction route of the described GPS user terminal that described prediction Route Generation device is generated.

Preferably, described Traffic Information records server and also comprises: prediction Route Generation device, be used for the historical effectively GPS information according to described GPS user terminal, and generate the prediction route of described GPS user terminal by cluster operation.

Preferably, described Traffic Information records server and also comprises: prediction Route Generation device, for the GPS information that historical effectively GPS information and described GPS user terminal according to described GPS user terminal report, generate the prediction route of described GPS user terminal.

Preferably, described Traffic Information records server and also comprises: prediction Route Generation device, be used for the GPS information that reports according to route of user preference information and the described GPS user terminal of the user under described GPS user terminal, generate the prediction route of described GPS user terminal.Further preferably, described R-T unit also is used for receiving the described route of user preference information that is reported in advance by described GPS user terminal.Perhaps, described route of user preference information is to cross cluster operation by described prediction Route Generation device according to the historical effectively GPS information exchange of described GPS user terminal to obtain.

Preferably, described Traffic Information records server and also comprises: estimation device is used for extrapolating the Traffic Information on every road according to the effective GPS information that is currently located at all the GPS user terminals on every road.

Preferably, described prediction Route Generation device upgrades the prediction route of described GPS user terminal also according to the Traffic Information on every road.

Preferably, the GPS information of described GPS user terminal comprises at least: the current location of described GPS user terminal, and effective GPS information of described GPS user terminal comprises at least: the position corresponding with the current location of described GPS user terminal on the prediction route of described GPS user terminal.More preferably, the GPS information of described GPS user terminal also comprises: call time on corresponding with the current location of described GPS user terminal, and effective GPS information of described GPS user terminal also comprises: call time on corresponding with the current location of described GPS user terminal.

Preferably, if the bee-line between the prediction route of the current location of described GPS user terminal and described GPS user terminal is less than or equal to predetermined threshold value, described screening plant determines that the current location of described GPS user terminal conforms to the prediction route of described GPS user terminal.

Preferably, if the bee-line between the prediction route of the current location of described GPS user terminal and described GPS user terminal is less than or equal to the bee-line between every other route in the current location of described GPS user terminal and described cartographic information, described screening plant determines that the current location of described GPS user terminal conforms to the prediction route of described GPS user terminal.

Preferably, described screening plant comprises: matching unit, be used for according to described cartographic information, and the current location of described GPS user terminal is matched on route in described cartographic information, obtain one or more coupling route results; And selected cell, be used for the prediction route according to described GPS user terminal, select to be positioned at a coupling route result on the prediction route of described GPS user terminal from described one or more coupling route results, as effective GPS information of described GPS user terminal.

More preferably, described memory storage also is used for storing the affiliated user's of described GPS user terminal route of user preference information, if and any one in described one or more coupling route result all is not positioned on the prediction route of described GPS user terminal, described selected cell is according to described route of user preference information, select to meet a coupling route result of described route of user preference information from described one or more coupling route results, as effective GPS information of described GPS user terminal.Further preferably, the prediction route of described GPS user terminal is to set in advance and report described Traffic Information by the user under described GPS user terminal by described GPS user terminal to record server, and described R-T unit also is used for receiving the described route of user preference information by described GPS user terminal to send up.Perhaps, described route of user preference information is to cross cluster operation according to the historical effectively GPS information exchange of described GPS user terminal to obtain.

More preferably, if the bee-line between a route in the current location of described GPS user terminal and described cartographic information less than or equal to predetermined threshold value, described matching unit with described route as one of described one or more coupling route results.

According to alternative plan of the present invention, a kind of GPS user terminal has been proposed, comprising: the GPS unit is used for the GPS information of the described GPS user terminal of Real-time Collection; Memory storage is for the prediction route of storing map information and described GPS user terminal; Screening plant is used for according to described cartographic information, determines whether the GPS information that described GPS unit gathers conforms to the prediction route of described GPS user terminal; And R-T unit, the GPS information that is used for the described GPS user terminal that will conform to the prediction route of described GPS user terminal is sent to Traffic Information as effective GPS information of described GPS user terminal and records server.

Preferably, the prediction route of described GPS user terminal is to be set in advance by the user under described GPS user terminal.

Preferably, described R-T unit also is used for recording server to described Traffic Information and reports starting point and the terminal point that is set in advance by the user under described GPS user terminal, described Traffic Information records server according to described starting point and described terminal point, generate and send to described GPS user terminal in advance the prediction route of described GPS user terminal, and described R-T unit also is used for receiving the prediction route that is recorded the described GPS user terminal of server transmission by described Traffic Information.

Preferably, described GPS user terminal also comprises: prediction Route Generation device, be used for the historical effectively GPS information according to described GPS user terminal, and generate the prediction route of described GPS user terminal by cluster operation.

Preferably, described GPS user terminal also comprises: prediction Route Generation device for the GPS information that historical effectively GPS information and described GPS user terminal according to described GPS user terminal report, generates the prediction route of described GPS user terminal.

More preferably, described memory storage also is used for storing the historical effectively GPS information of described GPS user terminal.

More preferably, described R-T unit also is used for receiving the historical effectively GPS information that is recorded the described GPS user terminal of server transmission by described Traffic Information.

Preferably, described GPS user terminal also comprises: prediction Route Generation device, be used for the GPS information that reports according to route of user preference information and the described GPS user terminal of the user under described GPS user terminal, generate the prediction route of described GPS user terminal.

More preferably, described route of user preference information is to be set in advance by the user under described GPS user terminal.

More preferably, described R-T unit also is used for receiving by described Traffic Information recording the described route of user preference information that server sends.

More preferably, described route of user preference information is to cross cluster operation by described prediction Route Generation device according to the historical effectively GPS information exchange of described GPS user terminal to obtain.

Further preferably, described memory storage also is used for storing the historical effectively GPS information of described GPS user terminal.

Further preferably, described R-T unit also is used for receiving the historical effectively GPS information that is recorded the described GPS user terminal that server sends by described Traffic Information.

Preferably, described R-T unit also be used for to receive by described Traffic Information and records Traffic Information on every road that server sends.

More preferably, described prediction Route Generation device upgrades the prediction route of described GPS user terminal also according to the Traffic Information on every road.

Preferably, the GPS information of described GPS user terminal comprises at least: the current location of described GPS user terminal, and effective GPS information of described GPS user terminal comprises at least: the position corresponding with the current location of described GPS user terminal on the prediction route of described GPS user terminal.More preferably, the GPS information of described user terminal also comprises: the acquisition time corresponding with the current location of described GPS user terminal, and effective GPS information of described GPS user terminal also comprises: the acquisition time corresponding with the current location of described GPS user terminal.

More preferably, described memory storage also is used for storing the affiliated user's of described GPS user terminal route of user preference information, if and any one in described one or more coupling route result all is not positioned on the prediction route of described GPS user terminal, described selected cell is according to described route of user preference information, select to meet a coupling route result of described route of user preference information from described one or more coupling route results, as effective GPS information of described GPS user terminal.Further preferably, described route of user preference information is to be set in advance by the user under described GPS user terminal.Perhaps, described R-T unit also is used for receiving by described Traffic Information recording the described route of user preference information that server sends.Perhaps, described route of user preference information is to cross cluster operation according to the historical effectively GPS information exchange of described GPS user terminal to obtain.

According to the present invention, described GPS user terminal is vehicle GPS user terminal or hand-held GPS user terminal.More preferably, described vehicle GPS user terminal is bus vehicle GPS user terminal.

According to third party's case of the present invention, a kind of bus vehicle GPS user terminal has also been proposed, comprising: the GPS unit is used for the current location of the described GPS user terminal of Real-time Collection; Memory storage is for the fixed course of storing map information and described bus; Screening plant is used for according to described cartographic information, determines whether the GPS information that described GPS unit gathers conforms to the fixed course of described bus; And R-T unit, be used for position corresponding with the current location of described GPS user terminal on the fixed course of described bus and on call time active position dot information as described GPS user terminal be sent to Traffic Information and record server.

Preferably, the fixed course of described bus comprises many fixed courses, and described bus vehicle GPS user terminal also comprises: the fixed course selected cell, be used for the operation according to the user, and select the current fixed course as described bus from described many fixed courses.Wherein, described screening plant only determines whether the GPS information that described GPS unit gathers conforms to the current fixed course of described bus.

In the present invention, the customer-furnished vehicle operation data of definition is the user data (FUD, Floating User Data) that floats, and definition simultaneously provides the user of FUD to be the user (FloatingUser) that floats, or referred to as the user.The object of the invention is to utilize user preference information and unsteady user data jointly to generate congestion in road information, and provides the Extraordinary information service to the user.System obtains user preference information (as route commonly used, driving preference etc.), and namely system has first preserved the priori about the user; Then gather position, the velocity information of user in the actual travel process, the driving preference of synthetic user, vehicle location, velocity information are calculated, and generate the congestion information of road.

User's the trip mode of floating can be diversified, walking, self-driving, public transport, subway, but just relatively be concerned about the jam situation of road when generally only having user oneself driving or taking the public way vehicles.User's trip preference is that the history by the systematic analysis user goes out line item and generates, as the track by the analysis user vehicle, find the user to the preference of routing, the route of commonly using when for example the user is from place A to place B prefers to away main road rather than bypass.User's the trip preference of floating can be also by the unsolicited information of user, as common route on and off duty, and the route often walked of going to the cinema etc., the bus route of often taking to the B point from the A point etc.

Unsteady user's information is kept at the User Information Database that is arranged in centring system after setting up.When the user drives or goes on a journey by bus, if the user sends request to centring system, require arrive the transport information of a certain destination, the center just sends to current transport information on the terminal device that the user has so.And begin to gather position and velocity information in user's Vehicle Driving Cycle process, in conjunction with user preference (as route commonly used, to the selection preference of main road and bypass etc.) process gathering the user's vehicle data that comes, obtain the user the road congestion conditions of route of process.The road congestion conditions of whole road network obtains by all unsteady user's vehicle datas are processed.Even user (as unsteady users such as bus, taxis) is not to centring system request transport information, the user sends to centring system the user data that floats as long as float, and centring system just can be calculated road congestion conditions according to unsteady user data and unsteady user preference.

Unsteady user in native system can be both private car driver, bus driver, can be also the driver of the public transports such as taxi driver and bus driver, can be even common passenger or pedestrian.System analyzes out user's trip or drives preference from numerous historical tracks of the user that floats.Be to and from route commonly used between airport and railway station as the taxi driver.The user is the bus driver if float, the travel route of the bus of its driving is also relatively-stationary so, it can be driven preference as the user preserves, the user is bus itself if float, its travel route is also relatively-stationary so, it can be driven preference as the user and preserve.After the unsteady user's of system made trip or driving preference archives, will be with reference to the user's that floats trip or driving preference when the user data that floats is processed.

Be different from traditional floating vehicle system indiscriminate congestion in road information only is provided, native system can be very easily according to user's request, directly provide the transport information of asking based on the user to the user, and with the user to the request of transport information as trigger condition, trigger the driving information that ustomer premises access equipment is uploaded vehicle.When the driving information of the vehicle that the user is uploaded is processed, because centring system known users preference information, so also more traditional floating vehicle system is more accurate for result.

Description of drawings

By below in conjunction with description of drawings the preferred embodiments of the present invention, will make of the present invention above-mentioned and other objects, features and advantages are clearer, wherein:

Fig. 1 .1 is the system construction drawing (centring system---server) of one embodiment of the present of invention;

Fig. 1 .2 is the system construction drawing (terminal system---GPS user terminal) of another embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 .1 shows the schematic diagram of the data structure that comprises in User Information Database 100, wherein (a) is the schematic diagram that the user drives preference information, (b) be the schematic diagram of user's common route information, and (c) be to comprise the schematic diagram of road chain information in user's common route;

Fig. 2 .2 is the schematic diagram that the GPS point carries out road chain coupling;

When showing vehicle and be positioned at the intersection, Fig. 2 .3A～2.3D carries out the schematic diagram of road chain coupling;

Fig. 2 .4 shows the schematic diagram that carries out road chain coupling when vehicle is positioned on the road of distinguishing main and side road;

Fig. 3 is user profile harvester structural drawing;

Fig. 4 is float Users'Data Analysis device analysis user common route and the process flow diagram of driving the information such as preference;

Fig. 5 shows unsteady user data that the user that floats uploads and the schematic diagram of unsteady user trajectory, and wherein (a) is the unsteady user data example that the user uploads of floating, and (b) is the example of user trajectory of floating;

Fig. 6 example three tracks common route through forming after clusters of unsteady user;

Fig. 7 example how extract user habit information from user trajectory;

Fig. 8 is another client schematic diagram;

Fig. 9 is the user data harvester structural drawing that floats;

Figure 10 is that unsteady user generates the process flow diagram of road chain information for self driving user time channel chain information generating apparatus;

Figure 11 shows respectively the user according to the schematic diagram of uploading gps data when not travelling according to common route, wherein (a) is user's common route schematic diagram, (b) be that the user uploads the gps data schematic diagram when travelling by common route, and (c) be that the user uploads the gps data schematic diagram when not travelling by common route;

Figure 12 is an example of road chain information;

Figure 13 is the schematic diagram of the data structure that provides in order to manage public transport user (comprising public transit vehicle, public transit vehicle driver, passenger on public transport), wherein (a) is that public transport Customs Assigned Number and bus routes are numbered corresponding diagram, and (b) is bus routes numbering and road chain numbering corresponding diagram;

Figure 14 is the public transit vehicle data instance;

Figure 15 is another client schematic diagram that comprises bus route setting module 406;

Figure 16 is that unsteady user generates the process flow diagram of road chain information for bus (driver) or passenger's time channel chain information generating apparatus;

Figure 17 is the process flow diagram that floats and carry out data interaction between public transport user and centring system;

Figure 18 is that unsteady user is the process flow diagram that taxi user time channel chain information generating apparatus generates the road chain information;

Figure 19 is the route schematic diagram that changes once in a while the unsteady user of route, and wherein (a) is user's common route schematic diagram that floats, and (b) is unsteady user's Iterim Change route schematic diagram;

Figure 20 is the mutual benefit and collaboration schematic diagram between user and centring system that floats.

Embodiment

For clear detailed elaboration implementation procedure of the present invention, the below has provided some specific embodiments of the invention.Need to prove, the present invention is not limited to these and uses, but applicable to more other relevant unsteady user's road traffic systems.

To a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail, having omitted in the description process is unnecessary details and function for the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, obscures to prevent that the understanding of the present invention from causing.

Fig. 1 .1 is the system construction drawing (centring system---server) of one embodiment of the present of invention, comprise a User Information Database 100, be used for preserving user's preference information, for example: user's route commonly used, destination commonly used and some other driving preference; A user profile harvester 200, generate user's driving preference by the historical driving information of analysis user (for example GPS track), perhaps receive the manually information of input of user, the data that this information collecting device generates will be kept in aforementioned User Information Database 100; Unsteady user data harvester 300 and a unsteady customer data base 130 that is positioned at the center is for information such as the position that gathers and preserve vehicle, speed, directions; End-user system 400 uploads to information such as the real time position of vehicle, speed, directions the unsteady user data harvester 300 that is positioned at the center; Road chain information generating apparatus 500 and road chain information database 150, road chain information generating apparatus 500 is take User Information Database 100, the customer data base 130 that floats, map data base 120 as input, output is kept in road chain information database 150, and it mainly preserves the transport information of road chain.A user asks responding device 600 for the treatment of user's request, and returns results to the user, and user's request simultaneously will trigger the vehicle traveling information that centring system begins to gather the user, and user data namely floats.

Fig. 1 .2 is the system construction drawing (terminal system---GPS user terminal) of another embodiment of the present invention.Terminal system of the present invention can be both vehicle-mounted navigator, and the navigator that also can be of portable form or the miscellaneous equipments such as mobile phone of navigation feature are arranged is as shown in Fig. 1 .2.In Fig. 1 .2,420 is history data store parts, be used for route information that the storage user passes by in history and common route information (in certain embodiments, also referred to as " prediction route information "), user's common route can be both that the user sets by Man Machine Interface, also can be obtained by the analysis of history data by information processing apparatus 440.GPS module 433 is used for the information such as collection vehicle current location, speed.Information processing apparatus 440 comprises path computation function, and the function that GPS point and map road chain are mated.

Behind the destination that the user sets by Man Machine Interface 435, at first information processing apparatus carries out path computing, can only calculate an optimal path according to the map datum on terminal system during path computing, also can calculate according to the Real-time Traffic Information from centring system an optimal path (prediction route).After information processing apparatus 440 calculates optimal path, it is outputed on display unit 437.User's vehicle is during along this route running, the positional information that the GPS module can collection vehicle, and information processing apparatus 440 matches the GPS positional information on the road chain of map, and the GPS position of vehicle is outputed on display unit 437.Data receiver transmit block 450 uploads to centring system with the information of the real time GPS information of vehicle and the road chain that mated.After centring system receives the GPS information and road chain information of user's vehicle, just can use it for Real-time Traffic Information and calculate.Information processing apparatus is after matching the GPS point on the chain of road, whether the road chain at first judgement coupling belongs to the route (prediction route) that calculates, if do not belong to, illustrate that so drift has occured the GPS point or user's vehicle does not travel according to calculated route, this gps data and road chain data will be abandoned, and not upload to centring system.So just guaranteed that GPS information and road chain information that centring system obtains are accurately, reduced the error of being brought by the GPS drift.

User preference information refers to user's common route, driving preference, and as common route on and off duty, route of often walking etc. goes to the cinema.Fig. 2 .1 is an example of user preference information.In Fig. 2 .1, (a) be the exemplary plot that the user drives preference information, " average velocity " representative of consumer wherein is common travel speed on road smoothly; " selection of primary/secondary road " expression user prefers away main road and still prefers away bypass when driving; " preferred term " refers to the preference of user when selection schemer, time priority represents that the user always selects the fastest path, and distance priority represents that the user always selects shortest path, expense preferentially represent the user always sorting charge with minimum path, expense comprises fuel cost, road expense etc.Be familiar with often the drive area that occurs or pass through of region representation user.In Fig. 2 .1, (b) be the exemplary plot of user's common route information, wherein shown the information of several user's common route, as route on and off duty and the route that goes to the cinema.In Fig. 2 .1, be (c) to comprise the exemplary plot of road chain information in user's common route, wherein shown a road chain information that route comprises, a route is made of many road chains in map.After user's vehicle position information uploads to the center, be matched on the chain of map road.In this matching process, generally, if the ratio of precision of gps data is lower, drift has occured in gps signal, perhaps gps data has disappearance, and user's vehicle just may match on wrong road chain so, finally affects the computational accuracy that system generates the congestion in road degree.But in system of the present invention, because being recorded, user preference is kept at centring system, system has known which road chain user's vehicle can pass through, even so the ratio of precision of gps data is lower, drift has occured gps signal or gps data has disappearance, user's vehicle still can mate on correct road chain.

Fig. 2 .2 example the GPS point match the process of road chain, in general, the GPS point is to adopt the bee-line method to the coupling of road chain, is about to the GPS point and matches on the nearest road chain of this point.In Fig. 2 .2, (a) illustrated a common route L and two road chains 1,2, wherein road chain 1 is a road chain in common route L, and road chain 1 is a main road, and road chain 2 is bypasses, both close together, user's vehicle is actual to be on road chain 1.Suppose that user's vehicle uploaded a GPS point A when passing by on one's way chain 1, as shown in (b) in Fig. 2 .2, because the GPS point drifts about, make this point nearer to the distance of road chain 2.Mate when calculating, at first calculate the A point to the vertical range of road chain 1 and road chain 2, obtain distance and be respectively X1 and X2, A1 and A2 are respectively the A point to the vertical projection point of road chain 1 and road chain 2 simultaneously; Then compare the size of X1 and X2, the A point is more near road chain 2, so X2 is less than X1 in this example, generally, name a person for a particular job by match point road chain 2 according to shortest distance principle A, A2 is the vertical projection point of A point on road chain 2, so A2 is exactly the position of user on road chain 2 after coupling.But in fact, the user is on road chain 1, and matching result and actual conditions are not inconsistent.When adopting the method for the invention, because user's common route has been stored in centring system, system has preserved the user will be by road chain 1 this priori, even X2 is less than X1 so, matching process of the present invention can assert that also the A point matches on road chain 1, A1 will be the position of user on road chain 1 after coupling, and this conforms to actual conditions.

Certainly the user also may travel not according to common route once in a while, and as shown in (c) in Fig. 2 .2, the user travels on road chain 2, and what according to bee-line, the A point is matched that road chain 2 obtains so is correct result.But because road chain 1 is arranged in common route, road chain 2 is not the ingredient of common route, so user's actual travel, is about to the A point and matches accuracy on road chain 1 always greater than the accuracy that the A point is matched on road chain 2 greater than the statistical probability of travelling on road chain 2 in the statistical probability on road chain 1.

In the present invention, can process according to two kinds of methods the processing of match point.First method is, if near the GPS point, common route is arranged, it is not the shortest both having made the vertical range of the road chain of GPS point on this common route, the situation as shown in (b) in Fig. 2 .2, and the GPS point also is matched on common route so.This method can be processed the situation that larger drift occurs GPS, although the more traditional bee-line method of whole coupling accuracy is high, can not avoid fully judging by accident.Second method is, if GPS order near common route is arranged, and the vertical range of the road chain of GPS point on this common route is the shortest, just the GPS point matched on common route, otherwise this GPS point is abandoned, and is not used further to calculate Traffic Information.This method can reduce erroneous judgement, but may abandon for a moment originally available gps data, the data volume that the minimizing system can use.In addition, the situation of disappearance occurs for the GPS point, just can only adopt first method to judge, assert that namely the user travels according to common route, as shown in (d) in Fig. 2 .2, there is no the GPS point near road chain 1 and road chain 2, centring system according to common route information, assert that the user travels on road chain 1 so.

When vehicle was positioned at the corner of crossing, pre-determined route was just in time also a turning route simultaneously, and so aforementioned two kinds of matching process all mistake might occur.When showing vehicle and be positioned at the intersection, Fig. 2 .3A～2.3D carries out the schematic diagram of road chain coupling.For the sake of clarity, show the scene of real road here, but should be noted in the discussion above that in whole floating vehicle system, the road chain is the line segment with starting point and terminal point sign, does not have width.

For situation shown in Fig. 2 .3A and 2.3C, the vertical range of GPS point and terminal given line is the shortest, and matching result conforms to actual conditions; But for situation shown in Fig. 2 .3B and 2.3D, in the GPS that uploads point and terminal given line, the vertical range of road chain is the shortest longitudinally, judge to match longitudinally on the chain of road, but the actual position of vehicle is on horizontal road chain, and coupling is made mistakes.But this situation is very little on the accuracy impact that transport information is calculated, because system when calculating Traffic Information according to same route on before and after a plurality of points calculate, for situation shown in Fig. 2 .3B and 2.3D, although generation matching error, two road chains that front and back are connected but two wrong road chains occur, and be all to be on same pre-determined route, so this mistake is very little on the calculating impact of transport information.

When vehicle was positioned on the road of distinguishing main and side road, so aforementioned two kinds of matching process also mistake might occur.Fig. 2 .4 shows the schematic diagram that carries out road chain coupling when vehicle is positioned on the road of distinguishing main and side road.

Sight (A): terminal is travelled on pre-determined route, and GPS information also is positioned on pre-determined route, adopts two kinds of methods can carry out correct coupling.Sight (B) and (C): terminal is travelled on pre-determined route, and GPS information is not on pre-determined route, when adopting aforementioned the first matching process, can carry out correct coupling, when adopting aforementioned second method, two GPS information will be abandoned, and also can not introduce mistake.For sight (E), terminal is not travelled on pre-determined route, and GPS information also not on pre-determined route, when adopting aforementioned the first matching process, can be carried out wrong coupling, and when adopting aforementioned second method, this GPS information will be abandoned, and can not introduce mistake.For sight (D), terminal is not travelled on pre-determined route, but GPS information floats on pre-determined route, and aforementioned two kinds of methods all can't correctly be mated.This situation belongs to the situation of seldom counting, and is very little for the Accuracy of Traffic Information.Must judge according to the situation that GPS before and after this point is ordered in this case, prerequisite is that the coupling of GPS position before and after this point is correct, otherwise also can't obtain correct matching result.Had known technology to utilize the front and back point relation that GPS is ordered to correct the drift that GPS is ordered, this does not belong to content of the present invention, does not give unnecessary details at this.

User preference information can obtain by the analysis user data (effectively historical GPS information) that floats, and unsteady user data can be uploaded by user's the portable sets such as mobile phone, also can upload by the automatic navigator of user's vehicle.User preference information also can initiatively be inputted by man-machine interface by unsteady user, the user website that for example provides by the center, or be connected to centring system by automatic navigator.Fig. 3 has shown a user preference information acquisition subsystem, and float in this subsystem Users'Data Analysis device 220 or human-computer interface device 210 collect user preference information, are kept at the User Information Database 100 that is arranged in the center.Unsteady Users'Data Analysis device 220 and unsteady customer data base 202 can be positioned at the center, also can be arranged in the equipment of user side.Man-machine interface is distributed in center-side and user side.Subscriber equipment is connected with the center by network, transmits the user preference information of float user data and user's input.Include all information listed in Fig. 2 .1 in User Information Database 100, if the user is the private car driver, preference information that can the automatic analysis user except system, the user also can cross man-machine interface input user preference information, as average velocity, familiar zone, common route etc.And centring system can be upgraded user preference information automatically by the unsteady user data of continuous analysis.The user also can constantly upgrade by man-machine interface oneself trip, driving preference.The user is bus if float, the running route of bus is relatively-stationary, can automatic analysis except system go out the preference information such as lines of operation of bus, also lines of operation and the timetable of bus manually can be input in User Information Database as user preference information.

Fig. 4 example unsteady Users'Data Analysis device 220 how analyze the user's that obtains floating common route in the historical data from be kept at the customer data base that floats and drive the user profile such as preference.The example of the unsteady user data that (a) in Fig. 5 uploads for the user that floats, these data are kept in the customer data base that floats.It comprises Customs Assigned Number, route number, road chain numbering, longitude and latitude, speed, direction, time etc.Wherein Customs Assigned Number, longitude and latitude, time are essential, and other data content can be sky, and this depends on the demand of system and the content of the data that client can be uploaded.Customs Assigned Number is used for determining unsteady user's identity; Longitude and latitude and time be used for to determine are floated the user in residing position sometime.The route number route that the user travels that be used for to determine floats, the road chain numbering user current residing road chain that is used for determining to float.The comparison in equipment of subscription client is advanced if float, and is for example automatic navigator, and vehicle location may just directly match on the chain of road on navigating instrument, and the user data that floats so just can comprise unsteady user residing road chain information.The content of user data of floating is not limited to content and the form shown in (a) in Fig. 5, and centring system can increase or reduce the data item that be kept at the customer data base that floats according to the input of client.

In Fig. 4, step S221 classifies each unsteady user's the unsteady user data of uploading, and obtains many tracks, and every track forms (as the GPS point) by a series of positional information.(b) in Fig. 5 is the example of the user trajectory of floating.Comprised Customs Assigned Number in every track, longitude and latitude and temporal information that each GPS in track number and track is ordered.Every track might be all the track that a carrying is travelled for taxi, as certain hotel from the airport to the city center, or from certain hotel to the airport.For private car, a track may be once upper and lower class track.If the density ratio that the GPS in track is ordered is higher, can guarantee has the GPS point on every road chain in track, and the road chain that comprises in track so just can be decided.If the density ratio that the GPS in track is ordered is lower, disappearance has perhaps appearred, and can not guarantee has the GPS point on every road chain in track, and the road chain that comprises in track so just can not uniquely be determined, and this is a universal phenomenon.In order to address this problem, step S222 carries out cluster according to the longitude and latitude of the starting point of track to the track that obtains in S221, obtains the close track of a series of starting points.Step S223 carries out cluster according to the longitude and latitude of the terminal point of track to the track that obtains in S222, obtains all close tracks of a series of starting and terminal points.Step S224 carries out cluster according to time span and the course length of track to the track that obtains in S223, obtains a series of terminus, time span, track that length is close.Step S225 carries out cluster according to the starting time in track and terminal time to the track that obtains in S224, finally obtains a series of terminus, time span, apart from length, departure time, time of arrival close track.Step S226 merges into identical strip path curve with the track that S225 obtains.On every road chain in track requirement assurance track after merging, enough GPS points are arranged, the road chain that comprises in track so just can be decided, otherwise is exactly an invalid route.The route that the user is to and between certain 2 in case float is determined, and the frequency that this route is utilized reaches certain degree, and centring system just can be kept at the common route of this route as unsteady user in User Information Database.Step 227 is analyzed unsteady user's common route, extracts user's driving preference, is kept in User Information Database as user preference.After the Users'Data Analysis device 220 that floats has generated new unsteady user preference information, can automatically be kept at immediately in User Information Database 100, also can new preference information be fed back to the user that floats through communicator, allow unsteady user judge whether the preference information of system's generation is correct, if it is incorrect that the user thinks, so just do not preserve the New Consumers preference, otherwise the New Consumers preference is kept in User Information Database 100.At step S228, turn to next user, carry out similarly operation, to extract next user's user preference information.

Fig. 6 example three tracks common route through forming after clusters of unsteady user 1234.In Fig. 6, (a), (b) and (c) in three tracks in the GPS point all more sparse, these three tracks are respectively that the user 1234 that floats collects in through starting point and end point process at three times.Can find out that the GPS point that comprises in every track is more sparse, can not guarantee the GPS point is arranged on every road chain of process, centring system just can't according to a track in map unique definite vehicle from origin-to-destination the route of process.Traditional method is to extrapolate several from the route of origin-to-destination with the method for path culculating, then selects a most possible route as the route from origin-to-destination according to bee-line or shortest time principle.The accuracy of the method for this path culculating is not very high, particularly when GPS point precision and density itself are just not too high.In order to address this problem, the present invention improves with the method for trajectory clustering the density that GPS is ordered, GPS point in the track that forms after cluster is closeer, as shown in (d) in Fig. 6, all have a GPS point on every road chain at least, thereby a definite route that can be unique is as user's common route.Why being referred to as common route, is because only the user often on current route, system just might collect the track of mutual repetition between origin-to-destination, just might carry out cluster to track.Only used three tracks for example in Fig. 6, in fact common route can be formed by more user trajectory cluster, and the track that participates in cluster is more, and the GPS point in common route is just closeer, and route is just more accurate.(b) in Fig. 2 .1, (c) are the examples of user's common route of generating after cluster.(c) in Fig. 2 .1 shown every road chain situation that route comprises.

After the density that GPS is ordered improves, the error that in some situation, GPS is ordered still can affect system's determining route of user, as for two parallel adjacent roads (main and side road), be to represent with two parallel road chains on map, the gps data error might cause vehicle to be matched on wrong road chain.Classic method is to revise the not high map match mistake that causes of GPS point precision according to the topological relation of the direction of vehicle movement and map.But for two adjacent main and side roads, because the direction of its road chain is all the same with topological relation, so be difficult to distinguish with classic method.(a) in Fig. 7 shown two parallel adjacent road chain A and B, is respectively main road A and bypass B.User's the actual common route of supposing to float is bypass B, and unsteady user only uploads a GPS point during at every turn by road chain B, because the GPS error, system is difficult to judge the user's actual travel of floating on main road or on bypass from gps data.But through after aforementioned cluster calculation, the GPS dot density on this section road improves greatly, can obtain a large amount of GPS points, as shown in (b) in Fig. 7.Find by a large amount of measurement tests and observation analysis, along with the difference of time, the change of satellite distribution state and the variation of weather, gps data has the drift of different direction of a curve, but its distribution is close to normal distribution.When the user that namely floats travelled on certain road chain, its gps data of uploading should be the average chain both sides, road that are dispersed in.Calculate line and the angle of road chain A that the starting point of road chain A order to chain A both sides, road GPS, corner dimension is spent from negative 180 degree to positive 180, ask all angles with, be designated as SumA, as shown in (c) in Fig. 7.Line and the angle of road chain B that the same starting point of calculating road chain B order to all chain B both sides, road GPS, corner dimension is spent from negative 180 degree to positive 180, ask all angles with, be designated as SumB, as shown in (d) in Fig. 7.Because the error of GPS is near normal distribution, if float user's actual travel on the chain B of road, the absolute value of SumB should level off to zero so, and less than the absolute value of SumA.User's actual travel is on the chain A of road if float, and the absolute value of SumA should level off to zero so, and less than the absolute value of SumB.So can judge that by the absolute value that compares SumA and SumB the user's that floats common route is through main road A or through bypass B.In case determined that in common route unsteady user often walks bypass B, so when unsteady user passes through this section way again, even only uploaded GPS point data or do not uploaded any GPS point data, that system also can walk by the information judgement user who preserves in common route is bypass B, and this method than traditional path culculating is many accurately.

In general, not only one of each unsteady user's common route after device 220 has obtained one or more unsteady users' common route, is further analyzed the user's that floats common route, extracts user's driving preference.Because all comprised the GPS positional information in the Vehicle Driving Cycle process in user's common route, and the GPS dot density is higher, so combining cartographic information can be than the driving preference that is easier to extract the user, be familiar with zone, user to the preference on primary/secondary road etc. as the user.The example of user preference data is as shown in (a) in Fig. 2 .1, (b), (c).

Not only can analyze the user's that floats common route by the Users'Data Analysis device that floats, can also analyze other driving preference of the user that floats, as the selection to main and side road, frequent movable zone etc.The Users'Data Analysis device that floats not only can be used for generating the user's that floats preference, can also be used for centring system and regularly automatically upgrade the user's that floats preference, like this when the user's that floats preference changes, can not go to revise user profile by man-machine interface, but calculate the New Consumers preference by centring system from history is floated user data, from the variation of motion tracking user preference.

Centring system will generate real-time congestion in road information, just must Real-time Collection to the unsteady running data of user on road, as position, speed etc., be referred to as unsteady user data.The uploading of user data of floating can be completed by the location and the communication facilities that are arranged on vehicle, also can complete by driver or passenger's the portable sets such as mobile phone.Float the user by various clients, will float user data upload to centring system via various wireless networks.Fig. 8 has shown the structure of another kind of client.GPS module 403 is for information such as the position that gathers the user that floats, speed, and communication module 419 is used for data are uploaded to centring system in real time.GPS module and communication module both can independently be arranged on user's vehicle, can be also the flush bonding modules as the portable sets such as user mobile phone, PDA or navigating instrument or mobile unit.Communication module 419 can with the user data upload of floating to the unsteady user data harvester 300 that is positioned at the center, also can upload to user's request the user who is positioned at the center and ask responding device 600.Client terminal device can be various ways, can be mobile phone, PDA, portable/automatic navigator etc., can become client as long as embedded the electronic equipment of locating module (as the GPS receiving instrument) and communication module (as SMS/GPRS/CDMA/).The user can also input user preference information by the man-machine interface of these clients, and uploads to the center.

The real time data that unsteady user uploads is received by the unsteady user data harvester 300 at center, and Fig. 9 has shown and installs a kind of structure of 300.It comprises communication module 319, is used for receiving the unsteady user data that unsteady user uploads by various communication modes.The data that the user uploads may be multiple formats.Data conversion module 309 is responsible for the data that receive are converted to the consolidation form that can be identified by road chain information generating apparatus 500, and after change, data are kept in unsteady customer data base 130.The current user data that floats in real time of preserving in unsteady customer data base 130 is used for generating real-time road chain information by road chain information generating apparatus 500, and then generates the Real-time Road transport information.The unsteady user data of the history of preserving in unsteady customer data base can be utilized by the unsteady Users'Data Analysis device 220 in Fig. 3, is used for update user information database 100.

The unsteady user data that is kept in database 130 and the user preference information that is kept in database 100 have been arranged, and road chain information generating apparatus 500 just can generate information such as the congestion status of road chain, and the road chain information is kept in road chain information database 150.Unsteady user can be both the self-driving car owner, can be also taxi driver and bus driver etc.Link information generating apparatus 500 is basic identical to these three kinds of unsteady users' processing procedure, is all first to check the priori of whether having preserved in centring system about the user that floats.

The below illustrates as unsteady user when the self-driving car owner, and centring system is the link generation transport information how.For example the unsteady user 1234 of self driving has preserved the own route of often walking on and off duty at the User Information Database 100 that is arranged in the center, and as (b) in Fig. 2 .1 with (c), user's common route on and off duty may be also to have many.The common route that is kept in database 100 can be namely that the user initiatively inputs, and can be also that unsteady Users'Data Analysis device 220 obtains by the analysis user vehicle operation data, and this user that need to float uploads vehicle operation data for a long time certainly.

After setting common route, user's personalized traffic-information service of forward direction center requests of going to work every day, for example morning, 9 the bests from the family to the office were gone to work route and the shortest hourages, centring system will be utilized current Real-time Road transport information, in many working routes commonly used that the calculating user preserves, which bar route is the most unimpeded, then best route is returned to the user.Set because route on and off duty is user oneself, so in the simplest situation, centring system only needs to send the best route numbering with textual form to the user, the user just can understand the particular content of route.For example send a SMS that comprises route number to the user, this mode makes user's the terminal device can be very simple, if subscriber terminal equipment has the route Presentation Function certainly, also can send more detailed route or navigation information to the user.When system returns to user 1234 with result, can ask the user data upload of floating to the user simultaneously.If the user agrees uploading data, in a single day the user travels on the route that is on duty so, its client just should with the information such as the position of vehicle, speed as unsteady user data upload in the unsteady customer data base of centring system, these data generate Real-time Traffic Informations through the road chain information generating apparatus 500 of centring system again.

Figure 10 floats the user during for the self-driving car owner, and the device 500 that is positioned at the center calculates the process flow diagram of the Real-time Traffic Information of road chain.Unsteady user data comprises latitude and longitude information at least, and user data matches on road chain in map so first step S511 will float: generally, and corresponding several the possible matching results of each unsteady user data.Step S513 judges whether route of user (common route or prediction route) is known, if route of user is kept in database 100 as user preference, for example on unsteady user's current driving route 1, and route 1 is one of common route of user, is used as user preference and is kept in User Information Database 100.According to the example shown in (c) in Fig. 2 .1, can further comprise the information of road chain in the information of route 1.If the known unsteady user of system will by which road chain, step S515 just can from a plurality of matching results of user data on map that float, calculate the actual residing road chain of the user that floats and the position on the chain of road accurately so.

System can run into two kinds of situations when execution in step S515.A kind of situation is, known users can operate on certain common route, and for example route 1, and the user also travels by common route 1 really, and this moment is definite fairly simple to the user present position, and only need are sought match point with the gps data that the user upload in route 1.Another kind of situation is, known users can operate on certain common route, for example route 1, but the travel route that the user changes midway, route running according to schedule not just can not find the match point of the gps data that the user uploads so in route 1, can adopt two kinds of disposal routes this moment: 1. the Current GPS data are abandoned, be left intact, the disappearance of the gps data of indivedual vehicles can not have much impact to whole road network.2. use the bee-line method, determine the residing position of user, be about to the gps data that the user uploads and match on nearest road chain.(a) in Figure 11 is user's common route 1, (b) in Figure 11 is the position of gps data on map that the user uploads when travelling according to route 1, (c) in Figure 11 is the position of gps data on map that the user uploads when not travelling according to route 1, for the situation shown in (b) in Figure 11, although GPS has drift, but the user is according to route running, the road chain of process known, so the coupling of GPS position can be very accurate.For the situation shown in (c) in Figure 11, it is too far away that part GPS point departs from route 1, can not be caused by the GPS drift, illustrated that the user is not according to route running, the road actual of living in chain of vehicle can only recently judge to GPS point distance according to each road chain, or simply this gps data be abandoned.

If the user does not set common route, system does not know to float the user will by which road chain.In Figure 10, step S517 is kept at other in database 100 according to the user and drives the prioris such as preference (user profile except common route) so, calculate best match point from a plurality of match points, obtain float user's residing road chain and the position on the chain of road.Because gps signal drift, buildings block, large etc. the reason in data upload interval, can not guarantee to obtain on each road chain the user data that floats, the road chain that is current calculating gained may not be connected with a upper road chain that calculates gained, and there is disappearance the centre.At this moment, step S515 or S517 can or drive preference according to known route of user and calculate the road chain that lacks.In case float user's reality the road chain of process be determined, step S519 calculate the user that floats the real-time information of road chain of process, as congestion status etc., and the road chain information is kept in road chain information database 150.

In general, article one, the Real-time Traffic Information of road chain is that data by all the unsteady users by this road chain calculate, not to be determined by a unsteady user's data, unless only have a unsteady user to pass through on (for example 5 minutes) certain road chain within a period of time.Centring system is calculated the Real-time Traffic Information of road chain, is also time segment, and namely the Real-time Traffic Information of road chain upgrades once (for example calculating once every 5 minutes) at set intervals.Figure 12 is an example of road chain information, represents the road chain degree of blocking up with the average velocity of road chain in figure, but the road chain degree of blocking up can also be expressed the degree of blocking up with road chain hourage etc., and the road chain information also is not limited only to the degree of blocking up etc.

Unsteady user can also be bus (driver) or bus passenger, the below illustrate when the user data that floats be bus (driver) or passenger on public transport upload data the time, centring system is the link generation transport information how.Because bus routes (fixed course) is relatively fixing, can directly obtains from public transport company the road chain information that every route comprises, and be kept in User Information Database 100.The user only need upload a bus routes numbering, and centring system is just known all road chains that the user will pass through.For bus (driver), it (he) may be scheduled for the enterprising every trade of different routes and sail, for bus passenger, he may also have many bus routes often to walk, so corresponding many bus routes of Customs Assigned Number possibility, as shown in (a) in Figure 13, the road chain information that every bus routes comprises can be preserved according to the form shown in (b) in Figure 13.As shown in (a) in Figure 13, when the user is bus (driver), the inception point title of " user's starting point title " corresponding bus routes, the terminus title of " user's terminal point title " corresponding bus routes.When the user is bus passenger, the site name that " user's starting point title " respective user is got on the bus, the site name that " user's terminal point title " respective user is got off.

The unsteady user data that below will come from public transit vehicle is called the public transit vehicle data, comprises the data that bus, bus driver and bus passenger are uploaded.Figure 14 shows that the content of public transit vehicle data.Because comprise Customs Assigned Number and bus routes numbering in the public transit vehicle data of uploading, so if the route information of public transit vehicle is kept in database 100, the GPS point (latitude and longitude information) that just can be easy to calculate in the public transit vehicle data by Customs Assigned Number or bus routes numbering so is to correspond on which road chain, due to bus routes Iterim Change seldom, therefore this coupling is very accurately.If the lines of operation information of public transit vehicle is unknowable, be not stored in information database 100, just ignore this public transit vehicle data, do not process, namely be not used in the generation road chain real-time traffic information.

Because the route of public transit vehicle and the moment of setting out are all relatively-stationary, if the user that floats is public transit vehicle or passenger on public transport, the user preference collection is just relatively simple many.Passenger on public transport can provide by the man-machine interface in Fig. 3 the bus routes of oneself often taking, and public transit vehicle (driver) also can provide the route of vehicle and time of departure etc. by man-machine interface.Because the operation of public transit system has a whole set of route and arrangement of time, so the route of bus and temporal information can concentrate batch input in centring system.Even manually do not input the lines of operation of bus, as long as the bus uploading data, the Users'Data Analysis device 220 that floats also can go out by the analysis of history data analysis lines of operation of bus, and then sets the user's that floats preference information.

Consider that a bus may be alloted on different bus routes, so be arranged on the lines of operation that client device on bus must be able to be set current bus, and the latitude and longitude information of current route information and bus is real-time transmitted to center-side, the bus route setting module is as shown in 406 in Figure 15, and the data of uploading as shown in figure 14.If uploading the client device of public transit vehicle data is Bus driver or passenger's portable set, as mobile phone etc.Also must there be so corresponding module can allow the user set current route in these equipment and numbers and upload to the center.

After centring system obtains bus routes information and a real-time bus data, generate the process flow diagram of road chain information as shown in figure 16.First step S711 is with the public transit vehicle Data Matching on the road chain in the map: generally, corresponding several the possible matching results of each public transit vehicle data, this coupling can not obtain road chain accurately.Step S713 judges whether the route (fixed course) of public transit vehicle is known, namely whether is kept in User Information Database 100.If the route information of public transit vehicle is kept in database 100, step S715 can be from the public transit vehicle data a plurality of matching results on map so, calculate accurately the road chain of the actual process of public transit vehicle, current residing road chain and the position on the chain of road.Step S719 calculate to float public transit vehicle the real-time information of road chain of process, as congestion status etc., and the road chain information is kept in road chain information database 150.

In addition, because public transit vehicle might be on loan on other routes temporarily, can allow public transport company or Bus driver that fixed course is selected.

When unsteady user is public transit vehicle or Bus driver, this user uploads a real-time bus data to the center, do not need centring system feedback Real-time Traffic Information to the user that floats, because no matter whether traffic blocks up, public transit vehicle is only used by pre-determined route and is travelled.Certainly public transit vehicle also can receive Real-time Traffic Information and is used for that passenger on the bus reacts current traffic condition or prediction reaches next website required time, but this function can be realized by existing other technology, be not emphasis of the present invention, so no longer describe in detail.

When unsteady user was bus passenger, the user went to the best bus routes of destination to center requests by terminal device.If the user has set oneself bus routes commonly used in centring system, and there are many bus routes commonly used to arrive at the destination, so centring system according to every bus routes the traffic congestion situation on the road of process, or the degree of crowding of bus itself, select the route of a route the fastest or the most comfortable for the user.Bus degree of crowding information can be set by the terminal device on the driver operation bus, and upload to centring system; Also can realize with existing other technology, because this function is not the emphasis of this discovery, thus do not describe in detail in this manual, but the hypothesis centring system can be obtained the degree of crowding of each bus.If the user does not have to set in advance the common route of being to and between the destination, centring system can calculate a route for the user according to Real-time Traffic Information or public transport congestion information so, and gathers the GPS information that subscriber terminal equipment is uploaded when the user rides.The route that centring system offers the user at this moment must be that number of transfer is minimum, because the GPS information that the passenger uploads in the transfer process can not be used for calculating traffic condition, so must reduce the number of times of transfer, preferably not transfer as far as possible.

After the user selects to take the bus routes of recommending at the center, can send route number to centring system, centring system is calculated the user and is estimated the time that arrives and feed back to the user.In the bus driving process, centring system gathers the GPS information that subscriber terminal equipment is uploaded, and the user also can select not upload GPS information certainly, still, and time that so on the road also just can't real-time update expectation arrival on subscriber terminal equipment.If subscriber terminal equipment can be uploaded GPS information in real time, even the frequency of uploading is slow, for example per minute is uploaded once, and centring system also can according to the step process gps data in Figure 16, be used for calculating Real-time Traffic Information.Figure 17 has shown the flow process of carrying out data interaction between bus user and centring system.In this course, centring system and public transport user are actually and have adopted the mutual reciprocity and mutual benefit modality for co-operation.

When unsteady user data was the public transit vehicle data, the Real-time Road transport information that centring system is calculated can directly send to bus passenger to use, but can not directly send to the self driving user to use, and needed to reject the error that bring at the Public Transit Bus Stopping station.When only having unsteady user for self driving or taxi user, the Real-time Traffic Information that the user data that floats calculates gained just can directly send to the self driving user to use.

Because bus routes is relatively-stationary, service time every day of bus routes is also different in size, if only have the public transit vehicle data can not all urban roads of ensuring coverage as the user data that floats, so can process as the user data that floats with the taxi uploading data.Figure 18 shown when the user data that floats be taxi upload data the time, road chain information generating apparatus 500 is processed the flow process of taxi data.Step S911 is with the taxi Data Matching on the road chain in the map: corresponding several the possible matching results of each taxi data.Whether step S913 judges the route of hiring a car is known by centring system.If taxi is equipped with navigating instrument, and the driver by navigating instrument to the centring system request path, then travel according to the path of centring system feedback, centring system is just known the route of taxi accurately so, the road chain that namely passes through, the unsteady user data that taxi is uploaded can be matched on the chain of road accurately, thereby calculates the transport information of outlet chain.Namely next can process according to step S915 and S923.If the taxi driver is not to the center requests path navigation, centring system is to know the destination of travelling of taxi so, also just can not as the common route of utilizing the user that floats, utilize the taxi driver's common route that is kept at centring system.Forward step S919 to and process this moment, because taxi may constantly uploaded the user data that floats, the road chain information generating apparatus 500 of centring system begins the carrying each time of taxi, is considered as once complete travelling to passenger getting off car.Then will travel each time is divided into some sections tracks, because the GPS that these tracks comprise point may be more rare, and the therefore road chain that passes through of unique definite track reality accurately.In step S919, starting point and the terminal point of these tracks and the driver's user preference (common route) that is kept in User Information Database 100 are compared, if can find the close route of terminus, just illustrate that this is driver's common route, help the road chain of inferring that it comprises.Again forward step S915 to, just can accurately calculate hire a car the road chain of process, current residing road chain and the position on the chain of road.If can not find the close route of terminus, just illustrate that this is not driver's common route, just need to judge in conjunction with taxi driver's other driving preference information, namely by step S921 calculate the user that floats the road chain of process, current residing road chain and the position on the chain of road, but the possibility of result that obtains is poorer than the precision as a result that step S915 obtains.Step S923 calculate hire a car the Real-time Traffic Information of road chain of process, as congestion status.

User's common route is the habitual route that unsteady user often walks although float, and the user that floats also may travel not according to common route once in a while, as runs into interim traffic restricted driving.(a) in Figure 19 is the common route of the user's working 1234 every day of floating; In (b) in Figure 19, dotted portion is by the restrict driving Iterim Change of user's 1234 working routes of causing of interim traffic, when the user 1234 that floats travels on this section road, its gps data of uploading can't mate common route, this time channel chain information generating apparatus 500 both can have been rejected this part data, this part data is not calculated road chain congestion information, can calculate the congestion information of road chain with conventional map-matching method in conjunction with the user's that floats driving preference yet.Because centring system can receive a large amount of unsteady user data in real time, and the calculating of the Real-time Traffic Information of every road chain is based on a plurality of unsteady users' data, so for every unsteady user, its data of uploading have excalation can't affect centring system to the calculating of the jam situation of whole road network.

In addition, the change of chronicity also may occur in the user's that floats preference, and for example road is constructed for a long time, and the user has to change route; Or the user has found better route; Or bus has changed lines of operation etc.The user changes because of preference if float, the unsteady user data that causes it to upload is regular not to be mated with known common route, road chain information generating apparatus 500 will feed back to this information user profile harvester 200 so, be used for upgrading user's preference information.

After having generated road chain congestion information, system just can provide to the user degree of blocking up or the hourage of various routes.The user asks responding device 600 to be used for the unsteady user's of response services request.for example, as the user to the hourage of a centring system request route or when reaching the hourage of certain destination, the user can send the destination title by SMS or other communication mode, the title of the route that he will walk or numbering, if the route of user's request is common route, and be kept at as user preference the User Information Database 100 that is arranged in the center, centring system only needs route name or number information so, just know all road chains that this route comprises, offer the user that floats the hourage that can generate whole route from road chain information database 150, and can constantly provide traffic behavior up-to-date on this route in user's driving procedure.The common route that the user is to and between some place may have many, and centring system just can by installing 600 information that feed back to many routes of user, be selected for the user so.If comprised required road chain information in user's request, for example the navigating instrument on user's vehicle calculates the route that arrives the destination, the details of this route are sent to centring system, even this route never is kept in centring system so, the user asks responding device 600 that information hourage of this route also can be provided, and can select for the user to better other routes of user feedback when route relatively blocks up.If do not comprise the road chain information in user request information, the destination of asking also never is kept in User Information Database, and centring system still can be asked responding device 600 to generate one or more route by the user and be offered the user.And constantly provide traffic behavior up-to-date on this route in user's driving procedure.

The user of system of the present invention can be both a request service, the domestic consumer of the user data that floats is not provided, also can be to provide the unsteady user of the user data that floats, unsteady user also can only provide the not request service of user data that floats, as taxi driver, bus driver etc.Float the user because unsteady user data is provided, so can enjoy more abundant Extraordinary traffic-information service than domestic consumer.Domestic consumer is during to centring system request traffic-information service, just mean that also the user will drive to go on a journey, the user can upload running data to centring system by client device under steam, this moment, he was just changed for the user that floats by domestic consumer, provide unsteady user data to system, and the unsteady user data that he provides will generate user's service that follow-up transport information is other for centring system.His own transport information received before setting out and in driving process is again by being calculated by centring system based on other unsteady user data.

Figure 20 has shown between unsteady user in the present embodiment and centring system it is mutual benefit and collaboration how.When the personalized traffic-information service of unsteady user A request, for example 7 the best working route and the shortest hourages from the family to the office of morning, centring system will utilize the unsteady user data that obtains from other unsteady users to calculate the information that user A wants.When system returns to user A with result, simultaneously can be to the unsteady user data upload of user A request, if user A agrees uploading data, in case user A travels on the route that is on duty, in the unsteady customer data base of centring system, the data that the centring system utilization is kept at the customer data base that floats generate transport information to the information such as the position that its client just can be ridden user A, speed as unsteady user data upload.Centring system both can provide the Extraordinary transport information to the user according to route of user, also can provide to the user transport information of whole road network.But the situation on the route that the common only care of user is walked oneself is very important so provide the Extraordinary transport information to the user.For example, may be different the hourage that the hourage that same route bus passenger receives and self driving driver receive, because comprised the time of bus stop the hourage that bus passenger receives.

The congestion in road situation of being calculated by the public transit vehicle data can comprise the time of bus stop station, and there are difference in this and the inquisitive information of self driving user, and the impact that needs to reject bus stop station could be utilized by the self driving user.But by the congestion in road situation that the public transit vehicle data are calculated, can directly directly be utilized by passenger on public transport.For example bus passenger B many bus routes of having gone to work from the family to the office are available, and passenger B is the unsteady user of system, and the bus routes from the family to the office has been kept in centring system as user preference.Send request as passenger B to the center, wish to know when reaching the bus routes of office.The user asks responding device 600 to calculate every time from passenger B family to the required cost of bus routes of office, and the route of the best is returned to the user.Ask simultaneously passenger B to upload the public transit vehicle data when taking bus.Because be to take mass transportation facilities, the individual privacy of bus passenger can be protected.The uploading data even bus passenger is unwilling, the data that a large amount of public transit vehicles itself are uploaded also enough are the bus passenger service.

In the present embodiment, if obtain the transport information of whole road network, need to have in system abundant unsteady user that unsteady user data is provided.In order to address this problem, in the present embodiment, the user that floats also comprises public transit vehicle, passenger on public transport, taxi etc. except the self driving user.

In system of the present invention, user's form can be diversified, no matter is the domestic consumer that the user data that floats is not provided, and also is to provide the unsteady user of the user data that floats, and all is not limited to above mentioned several types.Anyone or thing as long as ride public transportation means, or the participant of traffic, can become domestic consumer and the unsteady user of system of the present invention.Previous embodiment is a kind of specific implementation form of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to previous embodiment.The different system that produces because of domestic consumer in system or unsteady user's difference realizes, all belongs to the scope that the present invention describes.

Although in the above description, Fig. 4, Figure 10, Figure 16 and Figure 18 describe in detail the present invention as carrying out entity take centring system, and these method flows only are not limited to and realize in centring system, also can be implemented by client.Such embodiment is that those of ordinary skills easily realize according to above enlightenment, in order to read smoothly with succinct, in the detailed description of this omission to these embodiment.

In addition, in above description, for each embodiment, a plurality of cellular construction examples or step example have been enumerated, although the inventor indicates example associated with each other as much as possible, this does not also mean that must there be corresponding relation in these examples according to corresponding label.Need only between the given condition of selected cellular construction example or step example and do not have contradiction, can be in different embodiments, select the not corresponding example of label to consist of corresponding technical scheme, such technical scheme also should be considered as within the scope of the invention involved.

So far invention has been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments.Should be appreciated that, those skilled in the art can carry out various other change, replacement and interpolations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, scope of the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific embodiment, and should be limited by claims.

Claims

1. a Traffic Information records server, comprising:

R-T unit, be used for to receive the GPS information of the described GPS user terminal of GPS user terminal real-time report, the GPS information of described GPS user terminal comprises at least: the current location of described GPS user terminal, call time on corresponding with the current location of described GPS user terminal;

Memory storage is used for storing map information, the prediction route of described GPS user terminal and effective GPS information of described GPS user terminal;

Screening plant, be used for according to described cartographic information, in described memory storage, effective GPS information of described GPS user terminal comprises the GPS information of the described GPS user terminal that will conform to the prediction route of described GPS user terminal at least as effective GPS information recording/of described GPS user terminal: the position corresponding with the current location of described GPS user terminal on the prediction route of described GPS user terminal, with the current location of described GPS user terminal corresponding on call time; And

Prediction Route Generation device is used for the historical effectively GPS information according to described GPS user terminal, generates the prediction route of described GPS user terminal by cluster operation,

Described prediction Route Generation device in described cluster operation,

Longitude and latitude according to the starting point of track carries out cluster to the effective GPS information of history, obtains the close track of a series of starting points;

According to the longitude and latitude of the terminal point of track, the track close to described a series of starting points carries out cluster, obtains all close tracks of a series of starting and terminal points;

According to time span and the course length of track, to described a series of starting and terminal points all close track carry out cluster, obtain a series of terminus, time span, track that length is close;

According to the starting time in track and terminal time, described a series of terminus, time span, track that length is close are carried out cluster, finally obtain a series of terminus, time span, apart from length, departure time, time of arrival close track;

With described a series of terminus, time span, apart from length, departure time, time of arrival, close track was merged into identical strip path curve, as the prediction route of described GPS user terminal.

2. Traffic Information according to claim 1 records server, also comprises:

Estimation device is used for extrapolating the Traffic Information on every road according to the effective GPS information that is currently located at all the GPS user terminals on every road.

3. Traffic Information according to claim 1 records server, it is characterized in that:

If the bee-line between the prediction route of the current location of described GPS user terminal and described GPS user terminal is less than or equal to predetermined threshold value, described screening plant determines that the current location of described GPS user terminal conforms to the prediction route of described GPS user terminal.

4. Traffic Information according to claim 1 records server, it is characterized in that:

If the bee-line between the prediction route of the current location of described GPS user terminal and described GPS user terminal is less than or equal to the bee-line between every other route in the current location of described GPS user terminal and described cartographic information, described screening plant determines that the current location of described GPS user terminal conforms to the prediction route of described GPS user terminal.