CN101962255B - Method for effective sterilization and efficient hydration of primary sludge - Google Patents
Method for effective sterilization and efficient hydration of primary sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN101962255B CN101962255B CN2010102800959A CN201010280095A CN101962255B CN 101962255 B CN101962255 B CN 101962255B CN 2010102800959 A CN2010102800959 A CN 2010102800959A CN 201010280095 A CN201010280095 A CN 201010280095A CN 101962255 B CN101962255 B CN 101962255B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for effective sterilization and efficient hydration of primary sludge, which comprises the following steps of: (1) primary sludge acidifying treatment for preparing slurry; (2) microwave heating sterilization: heating the slurry to between 30 and 90 DEG C; (3) mechanical filtration: performing solid-liquid separation on the microwave heated slurry, and washing the solid by using water to obtain dry sludge residue and new slurry; and (4) adjusting pH value of the new slurry to be between 6.0 and 8.5 by using lime, wherein the new slurry can be used as circulating water for sludge acidification for preparing the slurry and separation and washing of the mechanical filtration, and the rest recycled partial new slurry can be returned to a sewage treatment system of a sewage treatment plant. The method realizes direct effective sterilization and efficient hydration of the primary sludge generated by the sewage treatment plant without the processes of secondary deposition, concentration, digestion and the like, and can save a large amount of operating cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the primary sludge dehydration of sewage work and the method for effective germicidal treatment, be specially the method for effective sterilization of a kind of primary sludge and high-efficiency dehydration.
Background technology
At present, in the ever-increasing while of wastewater treatment in China ability, town sewage is handled the mud that produces and is also constantly increased.Original most mud own do not obtain appropriate disposal; The phenomenon of arbitrarily abandoning, toppling over is ubiquity also; The secondary pollution problem that causes thus can not be ignored; To a certain extent even offset the achievement of pollution emission reduction, some areas are also improper because of sludge disposal, caused the environmental pollution incident.
Mud is the solidliquid mixture that in each unit of Sewage treatment systems, is produced, and is the accessory products of sewage treatment process, and its fundamental characteristics is following:
1) mud contains the hazardous and noxious substances of a large amount of organic matters, pathogenic agent, parasite and difficult degradation except that containing ash content.In treating processes, be difficult to bacterium is thoroughly eliminated.Mud is to be that main mikrobe is mingled in formed umbrinaceous flocs unit with suspended matter, colloidalmaterial by bacterium, microfauna.Mikrobe wherein mainly is made up of bacterium; Bacterium mainly contains zoogloea bacterium and thread fungus, and quantity can account for about 90%～95% of mikrobe total amount in the mud, and bacterium plays most important effect in the processing of organic waste water; As in follow-up A-B activated sludge process; The A section is moved under very high load, and the residence time, mud are all shorter relatively the length of time, in this case; Higher eukaryotic microorganisms can't be survived, and the protokaryon bacterium that has only some to lack the generation could adapt to, survive and be able to growth and breeding.In addition, also have microfaunas such as protozoon and metazoan in the active sludge.Handling life
SewageActive sludge in have a large amount of protozoons and the miniature metazoan of part, assert its kind through distinguishing, therefore quality that in view of the above can juggling water quality is called the indicator organism in the Sludge System with microfauna.
2) moisture percentage in sewage sludge is high, and the primary sludge water ratio reaches 97～99.5%, still moisturely after the concentration reaches 80～85%, and volume is bigger, transportation inconvenience, and landfill inconvenience brings serious secondary pollution and potentially contaminated.
3) compound that contains of mud itself produces gas and forms the foreign odor flavor, under action of microorganisms, produces a large amount of stenches especially, is difficult to remove.This problem has all been avoided in general sludge treatment base.
In the mud of dirty (giving up) water treatment, particle is thinner, and density is less, the high and difficult water of removing of water ratio; Organic soil ulmin (preliminary sedimentation tank mud contains 33%, and digested sludge contains 35%, and active sludge contains 41%, and rotten mud contains 47%) content is high, degenerates smellyly easily, has built the good environment of existence and breeding for various a large amount of pathogenic bacteria, parasite, mikrobes; Owing to be mixed with hospital's draining and some trade effluent in the municipal effluent, usually contain a large amount of hazardous and noxious substances such as heavy metal in the mud, and these materials be wrapped in by mikrobe, bacterium again, thereby be difficult to remove.Can cause bigger harm to environment and the mankind and animal health, the eubiosis.
If mud can not carry out harmlessness disposing; Under certain conditions; This transformation even possibly make some noxious pollutant (as the mikrobe that contains heavy metal ion, carries the germs of a disease) enrichment, and cause serious secondary pollution and potential pollution with modes such as carriers such as water, air, mosquitos and flies muroid animal, biochemical decompositions of solid permeate, spread, dissociate because it contains poisonous objectionable constituent; It is relevant to cause the reason of this situation and existing sludge treatment disposal technology in the world to be not suitable for China's national situation, also because sewage merges with trade effluent handles, thereby makes the composition of mud very complicated, is difficult to processing.
The notable attribute of mud is that water ratio is high, and is therefore bulky, its major cause be exactly staple in the mud be to be that carrier exists with the bacterium, the interstitial water of bacterium generally will account for 65%～85% of total water content in the mud; Next be capillary water account for total water content in the mud 15%～25%.Because the bonding force between capillary water and the mud granule is stronger; Inspissated can not leave the capillary combined moisture, needs by higher mechanicals efforts and energy, like vacuum filtration; Filtering under pressure and spinning could be removed this part moisture will remove this part moisture; Must destroy cytolemma, enchylema is oozed out, become outside liquid by the internal junction Heshui.Lean on conventional concentrate, digestion, mechanical filter is difficult to remove the general still moisture 60-85% of mud after dewatering.
This for the long distance transhipment of mud with subsequent disposal disposal brought economically, on the environment, on the safety and technical great difficulty.At present, the treatment technology of domestic sludge dewatering and method mainly contain mud just heavy (two is heavy), concentrate, technologies such as digestion, mechanical dehydration, physics mummification.And find that through practical application these technology investments are big, and occupation of land is big, and energy consumption is big, and the running cost height needs to add multiple a large amount of flocculations (coagulation) agent and processing brings difficulty to subsequent technique, still exists the difficulty of dewatering very big.Under existing technical qualification, generally be to carry out germicidal treatment in the active sludge that in digestive process, produces, do not carry out sterilization in the starting stage (primary sludge).
Mud purposes after dehydration is extensively sent out, and can be used for composting, feed, building materials, fuel etc.Therefore, research and development utilize the novel method of effective sterilization of a kind of primary sludge and high-efficiency dehydration, for innoxious, the minimizing and the follow-up recycling treatment thereof of mud is very necessary.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solved is to provide the method for effective sterilization of a kind of primary sludge and high-efficiency dehydration, to solve the problem in the background technology:
The technical problem that the present invention solved adopts following technical scheme to realize:
The method of effective sterilization of a kind of primary sludge and high-efficiency dehydration may further comprise the steps:
(1) primary sludge acidification: the primary sludge of getting urban wastewater treatment firm; Water ratio 97%～99.5%; Add entry in the mass ratio of water and primary sludge in 0.2: 1～1: 1 ratio; The mass ratio that in mass concentration is 93%～98% technical grade sulfuric acid and primary sludge adds technical grade sulfuric acid in 0.02: 0.1～0.1: 1 ratio, stir 5～10min after, by the mass ratio of concentration 27.5%～35% technical grade ydrogen peroxide 50 and primary sludge ratio adding technical grade ydrogen peroxide 50 in 0.02: 0.1～0.1: 1; Stirring reaction 5～10min processes slurries;
(2) microwave pasteurization: slurries are heated to 30 ℃～90 ℃, heat-up time 15～90min;
(3) mechanical filter: the slurries after the microwave heating treatment are carried out solid-liquid separation and use water washing, get dewatered sludge slag and new slurries, the mass ratio of washing water consumption and primary sludge 0.3: 1～1: 1;
(4) new slurries are regulated pH value to 6.0～8.5 with lime, and new slurries can be used as cycling use of water reuse to mud acidifying slurrying liquid and mechanical filter separating, washing, the Sewage treatment systems that the remaining new slurries of part can be sent sewage work back to after the reuse.
The microwave pasteurization principle;
Show with the existing many researchs of medical field biological; Microwave heating is different with traditional heating; It does not need thermal conduction from outward appearance to inner essence, but through temperature field and EM field that microwave produces, can directly and effectively produce heat in whole material inside; Promote the molecule high-speed motion of bacterium; According to the difference of material properties (specific conductivity, magnetic permeability, specific inductivity), heating comes the direct heating material in the inner waste of energy of material, and microwave heating is quickened the extruding of its cytolemma and broken and reach germ-resistant purpose.The mud molecule that contains large quantity of moisture is that mikrobe and cell thereof are separated out moisture by " moment pulverizing ".
The EM field that microwave produces is the lethal principal element of bacterium, particularly when lesser temps.A kind of enlightenment of people is given in experiment, the EM field that makes full use of variation will obtain a kind of newly, germ-resistant means and technology at a lower temperature, start effective sterilization approach." non-hot factor becomes the lethal essential factor of bacterium " that EM field shows in sterilization process broken the general layout of conventional heat-sterilization, and the bacterium desire is survived and needed the object of fight to change " electromagnetic force " into.The sterilization mechanism of pulse electromagnetic mainly shows following two aspects: electric field action: the main biological research of molecule shows; Biological intravital most of molecules have polarity (equivalent electric dipole) and magnetic (molecular current model) with atom, so add EM field and will inevitably exert an influence or act on biology.Add outside under the effect of EM field, electricdipole and molecular current can be along with the direction orientations of EM field.In the electromagnetostatic field, just set up a new terminal state; But the time power transformation magnetic field in, electricdipole and molecular current can vibrate along with the variation of EM field.Obviously, the EM field that adds that varying strength distributes is different to different biological influence degrees.Medical circle finds that under study for action cell paste has unusual performance in EM field, and typical performance is to the electromagnetic phenomenon of replying.This biological response phenomenon occurs in away from equilibrium state, and organism is non-linear to the influence of the EM field that satisfies certain condition, and shows specific frequency function and power specificity.The energy of effect is sometimes from biosystem inside, and external electromagnetic field just plays trigger action.Cell is the most basic bion, and in cell, cytolemma is the part of studying at most.Certain potential difference is all arranged inside and outside each cytolemma, and under the effect of extra electric field, the inside and outside potential difference of film can increase; Permeability can increase, and cell permeates, and continues appropriateness and handles; When EM field reaches certain value (E＞EO; During H＞HO), what cytolemma just took place to repair breaks, and this phenomenon is called electroporation.Simultaneously, because EM field changes, in the extremely short time, great variation all can take place in the frequency of EM field, intensity, on cytolemma, produces oscillation effect.Irreversible electroporation can make cell rupture with fierce oscillation effect, and this breaking causes cellularstructure disorderly, thereby reaches the purpose of cell killing, and then killing bacteria.Ionizing event: the dielectric barrier that changes EM field is inhibited to the mikrobe of food.Add outside under the effect of EM field, the charged particle in the mud space will produce high-speed motion, and bump mud molecule makes the mud molecular breakdown, produces the yin, yang ion, and simultaneously, the ionogen electrolysis goes out the yin, yang ion.These yin, yang ions are very active under the effect of strong-electromagnetic field, pass the original cytolemma that has just improved permeability, with living matter in the mikrobe such as protein, RNA effect, thereby blocked in the cell normal biochemical and reacted and metabolic carrying out.In addition, EM field can make the hydrogen-oxygen bond rupture of water molecules, in water, generates excessive ultra-oxygen anion free radical, hydrogen peroxide and free proton.And hydrogen peroxide has the intensive oxygenizement, acts on biomolecules, can destroy DNA, causes necrocytosis.The ozone that ionizing event produces in the liquid medium has the intensive oxygenizement equally, can with intracellular matter generation series reaction.More than two kinds of effects unite the principal element that has constituted the killing bacteria body.
Beneficial effect
1, the present invention has realized primary sludge that sewage work is produced directly carrying out effective sterilization and high-efficiency dehydration, no longer through two heavy, concentrate, technology such as digestion, can practice thrift great amount of investment, land used and running cost thereof.
2, after the present invention takes acidification, realized changing the purpose of bacteria live environment, for final microwave hyperthermia sterilization provides condition.
3, the present invention takes microwave heating, has realized cold sterilization, sterilization uniform and complete, and the time is short, and the purpose that efficient is high has realized that selectivity adds thermal material, keeps the constant purpose of material component.
4, the primary sludge handled of the present invention can high-efficiency dehydration, drops to 10%～20% by its former water ratio 97%～99.5%, the precondition that facilitates for the following process of mud and commercialization simultaneously.
5 the present invention can adopt the conventional equipment facility of Chemical Manufacture, and one-time investment is few, and the construction period is short, and production cost is low, and Working environment is good, and the operation number is few, the easy master operation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1 primary sludge sample is taken from husky certain sewage work of Hunan star, and water ratio is 97.5%, and solid content is 2.5%.Evaluation is taken in June, 2010 with sample; The sampling treatment stage of five of extended aeration, the aeration tank mixed solution of active sludge, the excess sludges of the initial stage of primary sludge, active sludge aeration, underload Sludge System respectively; Through the full-automatic fast microbiological assessing instrument of MicroStation, identify and initially at first isolate purebred by conventional mikrobe working method.Authentication step is following:
1, dull and stereotyped enlarged culturing: with the BIOLOG special culture media with purebred enlarged culturing;
2, preparation bacteria suspension: the bacteria suspension of preparing certain turbidity (cell concn) on request;
3, inoculation culture:, cultivate certain hour with bacterial suspension inoculation to micropore identification plate (Microplate);
4, obtain the result: the identification plate after will cultivating is put into the readout instrument reading, and software provides qualification result automatically.
Contain microbial population and quantitative measurement result such as table 1 in its mud; Can find that in primary sludge microbial population is main with bacterium mainly, and successively decrease gradually with the variation in the stage of processing; And protozoon, metazoan begin showed increased, and fungi, algae occur under given conditions.
Can know as above-mentioned microwave pasteurization principle; In sludge system, constitute the microbial population survival pressure and mainly comprise the type of final electron acceptor(EA) with the final factor of selecting and utilize ability, obtainable matrix and utilizing ability, whether have the flocculation sediment characteristic, can survive at ambient temperature and growth, growth velocity height, whether having the growth suspending power matrix.Weigh from living weight, heterotrophic bacterium is the main bacteria seed (Pike and Curds, 1971) in the sludge microbe group bacterium.Heterotrophic bacterium utilizes the organism in the sewage, carries out the growth of self, thereby the amount of organic pollutant is reduced.Microbial population breeding, the alternately situation that increases, disappears occur, and are to change with envrionment conditionss such as the nutritional condition in the mud (kind of waste water, chemical constitution, concentration), temperature, oxygen supply, pH, then can cause predominantly bacteria population (dominant bacteria) to change.
Microbial population generation alternation procedure has reflected that variation has taken place for the condition of mud and character, and dead mikrobe is flocculated again and combines; Or and become the food chain of another kind of mikrobe; Cause its metabolism and more increased the weight of the complex construction of mud, and in this process because action of microorganisms is aided with combination reaction; Generation is such as more poisonous and harmful elements such as foreign odor flavors, and sludge dewatering is also more difficult to be realized.
Table 1 is taken from husky certain sludge of sewage treatment plants of Hunan star and is contained microbial population and quantitative measurement
(annotate: "--" is illustrated in this sub-sampling, and undetermined goes out temporarily, possibly exist in the other times section.)
Based on this, microwave pasteurization experimentizes to primary sludge described in employing the present invention, and experimental procedure is following:
Get primary sludge 2.0Kg and place beaker, add water 0.5L, add mass concentration and be 93% technical grade sulfuric acid 0.04L, stir, send in the microwave device and heat, make slurry temperature reach certain temperature and keep certain hour.Make an experiment for continuous 3 times by differing temps and time conditions, slurries are measured as stated above, measure the result and show that microwave pasteurization is main relevant to temperature table 2.
Then slurries are carried out solid-liquid separation, and wash, get dewatered sludge slag and new slurries with 0.5L water.
The dewatered sludge slag that obtains, weight in wet base and the dry weight such as the table 3 of the dewatered sludge slag that continuous 3 experiments obtain.This dewatered sludge slag can according to local reality voluntarily deep processing manufacture a product, also can be sent to other processing bases and manufacture a product.
New slurries are regulated pH value to 6.0～8.5 with lime, and new slurries can be used as cycling use of water reuse to mud acidifying slurrying liquid and mechanical filter separating, washing, the Sewage treatment systems that the remaining new slurries of part can be sent sewage work back to after the reuse.
The microbial population number change is measured before and after the table 2 primary sludge microwave pasteurization
The weight in wet base and the dry weight (Kg) of the dewatered sludge slag that continuous 3 experiments of table 3 obtain
| Sequence number | The primary sludge source | The primary sludge weight in wet base | Dewatered sludge slag weight in wet base | Dewatered sludge slag dry weight |
| 1 | Sewage work | 2.0 | 0.722 | 0.431 |
| 2 | Sewage work | 2.0 | 0.713 | 0.425 |
| 3 | Sewage work | 2.0 | 0.687 | 0.424 |
Can know that by table 2 and table 3 primary sludge has been realized effective germ-resistant purpose after adopting present method to handle; Also realized simultaneously the purpose of high-efficiency dehydration; The dewatered sludge slag that produces, can according to local reality voluntarily deep processing manufacture a product, also can be sent to other processing bases and manufacture a product.
More than show and described ultimate principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technician of the industry should understand; The present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; That describes in the foregoing description and the specification sheets just explains principle of the present invention; Under the prerequisite that does not break away from spirit and scope of the invention, the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these variations and improvement all fall in the scope of the invention that requires protection.The present invention requires protection domain to be defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (1)
1. the method for effective sterilization of primary sludge and high-efficiency dehydration is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) primary sludge acidification: the primary sludge of getting urban wastewater treatment firm; Water ratio 97%～99.5%; Add entry in the mass ratio of water and primary sludge in 0.2: 1～1: 1 ratio; The mass ratio that in mass concentration is 93%～98% technical grade sulfuric acid and primary sludge adds technical grade sulfuric acid in 0.02: 0.1～0.1: 1 ratio, stir 5～10min after, by the mass ratio of concentration 27.5%～35% technical grade ydrogen peroxide 50 and primary sludge ratio adding technical grade ydrogen peroxide 50 in 0.02: 0.1～0.1: 1; Stirring reaction 5～10min processes slurries;
(2) microwave pasteurization: slurries are heated to 30 ℃～90 ℃, heat-up time 15～90min;
(3) mechanical filter: the slurries after the microwave heating treatment are carried out solid-liquid separation and use water washing, get dewatered sludge slag and new slurries, the mass ratio of washing water consumption and primary sludge 0.3: 1～1: 1;
(4) new slurries are regulated pH value to 6.0～8.5 with lime, and new slurries are as cycling use of water reuse to mud acidifying slurrying liquid and mechanical filter separating, washing, and the Sewage treatment systems that the remaining new slurries of part are sent sewage work back to after the reuse gets final product.
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| CN102432145A (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2012-05-02 | 长沙华清泰污泥处理科技有限公司 | Tannery sludge treatment method for sterilizing, deodorizing and removing heavy metals |
| CN102491551A (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2012-06-13 | 浙江嘉澳环保科技股份有限公司 | Treatment method for hydrogen peroxide-containing organic wastewater |
| CN103013613B (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2014-04-09 | 西安科技大学 | Clean fuelization system and fuelization method for urban sludge |
| CN103708689B (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2015-07-01 | 湖南大学 | Sterilization, deodorization and deep-dehydration method for livestock excrements |
| TWI582050B (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2017-05-11 | Yan-Xing Wu | Sludge no row (sewage) recovery of biological, physical degradation of regeneration methods |
| CN116282808B (en) * | 2023-05-24 | 2023-10-20 | 江苏亿洲再生资源科技有限公司 | Sludge uniform drying treatment equipment |
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| CN101050037A (en) * | 2007-04-04 | 2007-10-10 | 济南大陆机电有限公司 | Method for treating paper making sewage |
| CN101580334A (en) * | 2008-05-13 | 2009-11-18 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Method for recovering sludge phosphorus from urban sewage treatment plant |
| CN101698561A (en) * | 2009-10-23 | 2010-04-28 | 宁波工程学院 | Silt pretreatment method for enhancing dehydration property and digestibility of silt |
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| JP2000026180A (en) * | 1998-07-07 | 2000-01-25 | Asano Koji Kk | Method for composting organic sludge |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101050037A (en) * | 2007-04-04 | 2007-10-10 | 济南大陆机电有限公司 | Method for treating paper making sewage |
| CN101580334A (en) * | 2008-05-13 | 2009-11-18 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Method for recovering sludge phosphorus from urban sewage treatment plant |
| CN101698561A (en) * | 2009-10-23 | 2010-04-28 | 宁波工程学院 | Silt pretreatment method for enhancing dehydration property and digestibility of silt |
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