CN101954732A - 具有平行螺杆头段的锥形单螺杆挤出机 - Google Patents

具有平行螺杆头段的锥形单螺杆挤出机 Download PDF

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CN101954732A
CN101954732A CN2010102972832A CN201010297283A CN101954732A CN 101954732 A CN101954732 A CN 101954732A CN 2010102972832 A CN2010102972832 A CN 2010102972832A CN 201010297283 A CN201010297283 A CN 201010297283A CN 101954732 A CN101954732 A CN 101954732A
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screw
section
parallel
conical
extruder
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王克俭
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Beijing University of Chemical Technology
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Beijing University of Chemical Technology
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Priority to CN2010102972832A priority Critical patent/CN101954732A/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/397—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using a single screw
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/40—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft
    • B29B7/42—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with screw or helix
    • B29B7/424—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with screw or helix with conical screw surrounded by conical casing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/82—Heating or cooling
    • B29B7/826—Apparatus therefor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及具有平行螺杆头段的锥形单螺杆挤出机，主要由加料装置、机筒、螺杆、机头口模、加热冷却装置、排气装置、电机、传动装置组成。螺杆头段为平行段，后段为锥形段。螺杆可以是整体式螺杆，也可以是组合式螺杆(前后两部分通过螺纹连接)。螺杆锥形段，保证了物料连续平稳塑化；螺杆平行段，有利于物料的稳定挤出。机筒加料处可设置多个加料口，在排气段开有排气口。该挤出机结构简单、操作方便，可广泛用于蓬松、高填充、高挥发、热敏性物料的加工，也可用于成型这些物料的制品。

Description

具有平行螺杆头段的锥形单螺杆挤出机
技术领域
本发明涉及具有平行螺杆头段的锥形单螺杆挤出机，既可用于蓬松、高填充、高挥发、热敏性物料的塑炼和混合，如塑料及其填充复合材料、橡胶、火药等物料的加工；也因锥形螺杆前段的平行螺杆头段具有稳压作用而可直接用于成型这些物料的制品。
背景技术
在聚合物等物料加工中，对于蓬松物料、高填充物料、热敏性物料加工比较困难。目前对此类物料的挤出大多利用平行双螺杆或锥形双螺杆挤出装置进行加工。但平行双螺杆或锥形双螺杆所用的设备投资较大、能耗大。而普通平行单螺杆挤出机加工此类物料时出现塑化质量不好、产量低的问题。
挤出机螺杆为锥形时，螺杆尾部直径大，加料量大，提高了挤出机挤出产量；螺杆尾部直径大也增大了螺杆的承载能力；加料段螺槽容积大，易加入较大体积的松密度粉料，也有利于热传导，更易实现对物料加热或冷却；排料段螺杆直径小，圆周速度较小，产生的剪切较低，摩擦热也较小，热损伤的危险性小；螺槽容积沿挤出方向逐渐减小，物料逐渐得到压缩，从而使螺槽更快充满物料，保证物料连续平缓地塑化；在同样的生产能力下，背压可较低。因此多用于塑炼和混合。专利200420039774.7和200820056183.9分别提供了锥形单螺杆挤出机，可用于塑炼和混合，但螺杆全长均为锥形，在排料计量段挤出不稳定，用塑炼物料直接成型产品时不均匀。
发明内容
为解决已有分别提供了锥形单螺杆挤出机中排料计量段挤出不稳定、用塑炼物料直接成型产品时不均匀的问题，提出下列发明内容。
本发明中，螺杆头段为平行段，螺杆后段为锥形段。两部分可以制造在一根整体螺杆上；也可以分别制造，然后通过螺纹连接组成一根螺杆。螺杆锥形段，保证了物料连续平稳塑化和混合；螺杆平行段，有利于物料的稳定挤出成型。在加料处机筒上可开设多个加料口，可在不同阶段加入多种物料。在排气段，机筒上开有排气口，以便脱挥气体或水分。
上述当螺杆的锥形段和平行段采用组合方式时，可以根据不同物料及所需要的不同加工工艺进行前后两段的组合。两段连接处的螺纹旋向与螺杆的旋转方向相反。也根据不同的物料加工要求，可选择加料口的个数和位置。
本发明的效果：与目前使用的平行双螺杆挤出机或锥形双螺杆挤出机相比，结构简单、操作方便、设备造价低、生产成本低。与现有的锥形单螺杆挤出机相比，可以根据不同的工艺配套不同组合的加料口，开设排气装置，可以脱挥气体和水分。选择不同的锥形段和平行段组合，在保证良好塑炼效果和高产量的同时，实现更稳定的计量挤出，用于直接成型板、异型材和管等不同截面的制品。
附图说明
图1为本发明的具有平行螺杆头段锥形单螺杆挤出机的结构示意图
具体实施方案
本发明具有平行螺杆头段的锥形单螺杆挤出机主要包括：传动装置(1)，电机(7)，机筒(9)，螺杆(8)，加料装置(2，3)，加热冷却装置(5)，排气装置(4)，机头口模(6)。螺杆(8)分为两段，锥形段(8a)和平行段(8b)。机筒内腔与螺杆(8)螺纹外直径相一致。
工作原理：将物料A从加料口2加入到挤出机中，物料B从加料口3加入到挤出机中。在电机带动下，经减速箱减速，螺杆做旋转运动。物料经螺杆锥形段逐渐压实，连续平稳塑化和排出。在排气段气体和水分经排气装置排到机筒外部。然后物料经螺杆平行段计量输送。最后物料经一定形状口模稳定挤出而成型为制品。

Claims (2)

1.具有平行螺杆头段的锥形单螺杆挤出机，主要由加料装置、机筒、螺杆、机头口模、加热冷却装置、排气装置以及电机和传动装置组成，其特征在于：螺杆头段为平行段，后段为锥形段，机筒加料段可设置多个加料口，机筒在排气段开有排气口。
2.根据权利要求1所述具有平行螺杆头段的锥形单螺杆挤出机，其特征在于：锥形段和平行段可以在一整体螺杆上，也可以分别制造然后通过螺纹连接组合成一根螺杆。
CN2010102972832A 2010-09-30 2010-09-30 具有平行螺杆头段的锥形单螺杆挤出机 Pending CN101954732A (zh)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102248655A (zh) * 2011-06-10 2011-11-23 北京化工大学 锥形行星螺杆挤出机
CN103057070A (zh) * 2012-11-30 2013-04-24 宁波市鄞州风名工业产品设计有限公司 窗帘塑料导轨模具
CN103144266A (zh) * 2013-01-01 2013-06-12 天蓝颜料(山东)有限公司 原材料成型用系统装置
CN103568254B (zh) * 2013-09-13 2017-10-10 南安泉鸿孵化器管理有限公司 一种安全气囊民用火药挤出机口模加热装置
CN110126236A (zh) * 2019-06-14 2019-08-16 深圳市畅形增材科技有限公司 变径螺杆及采用变径螺杆的热塑性颗粒材料熔融挤出装置

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA749859A (en) * 1967-01-03 Vanzo Marcello Device for feeding extruders for plastic materials
US3386131A (en) * 1961-07-19 1968-06-04 Pirelli Apparatus for the continuous treatment of rubber and plastic material in general
CN86103191A (zh) * 1986-05-08 1987-11-18 维什化学工艺研究所 用于单螺杆挤压机的螺杆
JPH0459220A (ja) * 1990-06-28 1992-02-26 Idemitsu Petrochem Co Ltd 押出成形装置
CN2183868Y (zh) * 1994-01-20 1994-11-30 北京新特化工装备科技公司 废旧塑料用再生挤出机
CN1511695A (zh) * 2002-12-30 2004-07-14 北京化工大学 螺杆挤出机稳流调节装置
CN201792480U (zh) * 2010-09-30 2011-04-13 北京化工大学 具有平行螺杆头段的锥形单螺杆挤出机

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA749859A (en) * 1967-01-03 Vanzo Marcello Device for feeding extruders for plastic materials
US3386131A (en) * 1961-07-19 1968-06-04 Pirelli Apparatus for the continuous treatment of rubber and plastic material in general
CN86103191A (zh) * 1986-05-08 1987-11-18 维什化学工艺研究所 用于单螺杆挤压机的螺杆
JPH0459220A (ja) * 1990-06-28 1992-02-26 Idemitsu Petrochem Co Ltd 押出成形装置
CN2183868Y (zh) * 1994-01-20 1994-11-30 北京新特化工装备科技公司 废旧塑料用再生挤出机
CN1511695A (zh) * 2002-12-30 2004-07-14 北京化工大学 螺杆挤出机稳流调节装置
CN201792480U (zh) * 2010-09-30 2011-04-13 北京化工大学 具有平行螺杆头段的锥形单螺杆挤出机

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102248655A (zh) * 2011-06-10 2011-11-23 北京化工大学 锥形行星螺杆挤出机
CN103057070A (zh) * 2012-11-30 2013-04-24 宁波市鄞州风名工业产品设计有限公司 窗帘塑料导轨模具
CN103057070B (zh) * 2012-11-30 2015-08-26 宁波市鄞州风名工业产品设计有限公司 窗帘塑料导轨模具
CN103144266A (zh) * 2013-01-01 2013-06-12 天蓝颜料(山东)有限公司 原材料成型用系统装置
CN103568254B (zh) * 2013-09-13 2017-10-10 南安泉鸿孵化器管理有限公司 一种安全气囊民用火药挤出机口模加热装置
CN110126236A (zh) * 2019-06-14 2019-08-16 深圳市畅形增材科技有限公司 变径螺杆及采用变径螺杆的热塑性颗粒材料熔融挤出装置

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Application publication date: 20110126