CN101954574A - Method for machining output shaft assembly - Google Patents

Method for machining output shaft assembly Download PDF

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CN101954574A
CN101954574A CN 201010291862 CN201010291862A CN101954574A CN 101954574 A CN101954574 A CN 101954574A CN 201010291862 CN201010291862 CN 201010291862 CN 201010291862 A CN201010291862 A CN 201010291862A CN 101954574 A CN101954574 A CN 101954574A
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output shaft
processing
machining
blank
oiliness bearing
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韩济才
车路长
彭树杰
熊德龙
张焕莲
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No 59 Research Institute of China Ordnance Industry
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No 59 Research Institute of China Ordnance Industry
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for machining an output shaft assembly. The method comprises the following steps of: machining an output shaft; and assembling a gear shaft, an oil-retaining bearing and the output shaft. The process flow for machining the output shaft comprises blank preparation, blank fabrication, machining, non-traditional machining and auxiliary treatment, and is characterized in that the blank fabrication comprises blank prefabrication and blank fabrication by adopting cold extrusion forming technology. In the method, a blank is fabricated by adopting the cold extrusion forming technology; an involuting spiral spline is machined by adopting cold roll forming technology; machining is performed by adopting a computerized numerical control (CNC) lathe; punching and assembly are performed by adopting a special punching die and a riveting extrusion assembly die; and specific machining steps and method are adopted. Therefore, the fabricating precision and the machining efficiency of the output shaft assembly are improved; the comprehensive quality and the yield of products are improved; raw material and energy consumption is reduced; and environmental protection is reduced.

Description

一种输出轴组件的加工方法 A processing method of an output shaft assembly

技术领域technical field

    本发明涉及一种输出轴组件的加工方法,尤其涉及一种汽车起动电机输出轴组件的加工方法。The present invention relates to a processing method of an output shaft assembly, in particular to a processing method of an output shaft assembly of an automobile starter motor.

背景技术Background technique

目前,汽车行业应用最广泛的起动电机是减速传动型起动电机,而其中占比最大是行星齿轮式减速传动型起动电机,其在轿车的应用达到70~80%,在整个汽车行业的应用达到60%以上。At present, the most widely used starter motor in the automotive industry is the reduction transmission starter motor, and the planetary gear reduction transmission starter motor accounts for the largest proportion. Its application in cars reaches 70-80%, and its application in the entire automotive industry reaches More than 60%.

汽车起动电机输出轴组件是行星齿轮式减速传动型起动电机最重要的零部件之一,其加工的质量好坏和精度高低,直接决定了整个起动电机的装配、传动、振动噪音、耐久,以及起动等诸多关键性能。The output shaft assembly of the automobile starter motor is one of the most important parts of the planetary gear reduction transmission type starter motor. The quality and precision of its processing directly determine the assembly, transmission, vibration, noise, durability, and Starting and many other key performances.

图1所示为一种典型的汽车起动电机输出轴组件。汽车起动电机输出轴组件是由输出轴、齿轮轴及含油轴承组装而成,其加工过程包括输出轴的加工及齿轮轴、输出轴与所述输出轴的组装,所述输出轴的加工工序包括坯料准备、制坯、机械加工和特种加工等,所述制坯包括采用温热锻造技术制坯,该加工方法不仅消耗能源,污染环境,而且加工余量大,精度低,加工效率低。Figure 1 shows a typical automotive starter motor output shaft assembly. The output shaft assembly of the automobile starter motor is assembled from an output shaft, a gear shaft and an oil-impregnated bearing. The processing process includes the processing of the output shaft and the assembly of the gear shaft, the output shaft and the output shaft. The processing steps of the output shaft include Billet preparation, billet making, mechanical processing and special processing, etc. The billet making includes using warm forging technology to make billets. This processing method not only consumes energy, pollutes the environment, but also has large processing allowance, low precision and low processing efficiency.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于提供一种加工精度高和加工效率高的输出轴组件的加工方法。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a processing method of an output shaft assembly with high processing precision and high processing efficiency.

本发明的目的是这样实现的,一种输出轴组件的加工方法,包括输出轴的加工及齿轮轴、含油轴承与所述输出轴的组装,所述输出轴的加工流程包括坯料准备、制坯、机械加工、特种加工及辅助处理,其特征在于,所述制坯包括采用冷挤压成形技术预制坯和制坯。The purpose of the present invention is achieved in this way, a processing method of the output shaft assembly, including the processing of the output shaft and the assembly of the gear shaft, the oil bearing and the output shaft, the processing flow of the output shaft includes blank preparation, blank making . Mechanical processing, special processing and auxiliary treatment, characterized in that the billet making includes prefabricated billet and billet made by adopting cold extrusion forming technology.

为了提高加工效率及螺旋花键的综合质量,解决无退刀槽渐开线齿形零件无法滚铣机械加工的难题,上述特种加工包括渐开线螺旋花键的加工,所述渐开线螺旋花键的加工为采用冷滚轧成形技术。采用冷滚轧成形技术,加工出的螺旋花键的齿面粗糙度较高,可达Ra0.4以上;因为齿形部分金属纤维是完整、连续的,不像机械加工齿形的金属纤维被切断,以及齿形表面的金属颗粒变小、细化,因此冷滚轧齿形具有较高的抗疲劳应力和抗弯强度,综合强度可提高15~20%;滚轧成形模具寿命长,可达十多万至数十万件;另外,采用冷滚轧工艺可以节省大量机床设备、厂房面积及生产操作人员,且便于生产管理,易于实现生产过程自动化;因而应用冷滚轧成形技术可以大幅度降低生产制造成本。In order to improve the processing efficiency and the overall quality of the helical spline, and solve the problem that the involute tooth-shaped parts without undercuts cannot be machined by hobbing, the above-mentioned special processing includes the processing of the involute helical spline, and the involute helical The splines are processed by cold rolling forming technology. Using the cold rolling forming technology, the processed helical spline has a high roughness of the tooth surface, which can reach above Ra0.4; because the metal fibers of the tooth shape are complete and continuous, unlike the metal fibers of the mechanically processed tooth shape Cutting off, and the metal particles on the surface of the tooth profile become smaller and more refined, so the cold rolled tooth profile has higher fatigue resistance and bending strength, and the overall strength can be increased by 15-20%; the roll forming die has a long life and can In addition, the use of cold rolling technology can save a lot of machine tools, plant area and production operators, and is convenient for production management and easy to realize the automation of the production process; therefore, the application of cold rolling forming technology can be large Significantly reduce manufacturing costs.

上述特种加工还包括冲孔,为了提高齿轮轴底孔的冲孔合格率,所述冲孔为使用申请号为201020055240.9的专利公开的冲孔模具在上述输出轴上冲压出三个齿轮轴底孔,冲孔时以上述含油轴承座孔作为定位基准,所述三个齿轮轴底孔的尺寸误差≤0.02,且相对于两个基准小端中心孔和含油轴承座孔的位置误差≤0.03。较普通冲孔技术产品合格率提高15~20%,冲孔模具寿命达到30000件以上。The above-mentioned special processing also includes punching. In order to improve the punching pass rate of the bottom hole of the gear shaft, the punching is to punch out three bottom holes of the gear shaft on the output shaft using the punching die disclosed in the patent application number 201020055240.9. When punching, the above-mentioned oil-impregnated bearing seat hole is used as a positioning reference, the size error of the three gear shaft bottom holes is ≤0.02, and the position error relative to the two reference small end center holes and the oil-impregnated bearing seat hole is ≤0.03. Compared with ordinary punching technology, the qualified rate of products is increased by 15-20%, and the life of punching dies reaches more than 30,000 pieces.

为了保持基准的一致性和进一步提高输出轴的加工质量,上述机械加工的工艺过程均是以所述小端中心孔和大端60°锥孔作为定位基准。In order to maintain the consistency of the benchmarks and further improve the processing quality of the output shaft, the above-mentioned machining processes all use the central hole at the small end and the 60° taper hole at the big end as positioning benchmarks.

为了提高加工精度,上述机械加工包括粗车、半精车和精车,所述粗车、半精车和精车均采用数控车床。In order to improve machining accuracy, the above-mentioned mechanical processing includes rough turning, semi-finishing turning and finishing turning, and the rough turning, semi-finishing turning and finishing turning all adopt numerical control lathes.

为了提高输出轴组件的装配合格率,降低生产成本,上述齿轮轴、含油轴承与上述输出轴的组装为使用申请号为201020055282.2的专利公开的铆挤装配模具在液压机床上一次将含油轴承和三根齿轮轴铆挤装配到所述输出轴,所述三根齿轮轴相对于两个基准小端中心孔和含油轴承内孔的位置误差≤0.04。产品合格率提高20%以上,降低制造成本15~20%,铆挤装配模具寿命达到30000~50000件。In order to improve the assembly qualification rate of the output shaft assembly and reduce the production cost, the assembly of the above-mentioned gear shaft, the oil-impregnated bearing and the above-mentioned output shaft is to use the riveting assembly die disclosed in the patent application number 201020055282. The shaft is riveted and assembled to the output shaft, and the position error of the three gear shafts relative to the center holes of the two reference small ends and the inner hole of the oil-impregnated bearing is ≤0.04. The pass rate of the product is increased by more than 20%, the manufacturing cost is reduced by 15-20%, and the life of the riveting assembly die reaches 30,000-50,000 pieces.

为了提高产品的综合质量、成品率和加工效率,本发明输出轴采用以下加工步骤:In order to improve the overall quality, yield and processing efficiency of the product, the output shaft of the present invention adopts the following processing steps:

上述坯料准备具体包括The above blank preparation specifically includes

(1)下料:热轧棒料采用剪切或锯割的工艺方法下料;               (1) Cutting: hot-rolled bars are cut by cutting or sawing; 

(2)抛丸:去除所下材料表面的氧化皮;      (2) Shot blasting: remove the oxide skin on the surface of the material;

(3)车坯:车去下料时材料两端所形成的塌角并倒角,提高冷挤压预制坯时的工艺稳定性;(3) Car billet: the collapse and chamfering formed at both ends of the material when the car is removed for blanking, which improves the process stability of the cold extrusion preform;

(4)表面处理:通过表面磷化皂化处理,在坯料表面均匀覆盖一层磷化皂化膜,从而减小冷挤压预制坯时的摩擦阻力和成形抗力,提高工艺稳定性。(4) Surface treatment: Through surface phosphating and saponification treatment, a layer of phosphating and saponification film is uniformly covered on the billet surface, thereby reducing frictional resistance and forming resistance during cold extrusion of preforms, and improving process stability.

上述制坯具体包括The above blanks specifically include

(1)预制坯:采用冷挤压成形技术预制坯,为下一步成形出最终坯件做准备;          (1) Prefabricated billet: Prefabricated billet using cold extrusion forming technology to prepare for the final billet formed in the next step;  

(2)表面处理:通过表面磷化皂化处理,在预制坯件表面均匀覆盖一层磷化皂化膜,从而减小冷挤压成形时的摩擦阻力和成形抗力,提高工艺稳定性;    (2) Surface treatment: Through surface phosphating and saponification treatment, a layer of phosphating and saponification film is evenly covered on the surface of the preform, thereby reducing friction resistance and forming resistance during cold extrusion forming, and improving process stability;

(3)预镦坯:采用冷挤压成形技术来预镦坯,为下一步成形出最终坯件做进一步准备;           (3) Pre-upsetting billet: use cold extrusion forming technology to pre-upset the billet, and make further preparations for the next step of forming the final billet;  

(4)退火;通过退火处理降低之前预制坯和预镦坯件因加工硬化所产生的硬度提高与去除应力,从而使冷挤压成形力大幅度降低,减小设备吨位,同时提高后续冷挤压成形的工艺稳定性;(4) Annealing: through annealing treatment, the hardness increase and stress removal of the preform and pre-heading blank due to work hardening are reduced, so that the cold extrusion forming force is greatly reduced, the tonnage of the equipment is reduced, and the subsequent cold extrusion is improved. Process stability of press forming;

(5)抛丸:去除之前退火坯件表面的氧化皮;          (5) Shot blasting: remove the scale on the surface of the previously annealed blank;

(6)表面处理:通过表面磷化皂化处理,在预镦坯件表面均匀覆盖一层磷化皂化膜,从而减小冷挤压成形时的摩擦阻力和成形抗力,提高工艺稳定性;            (6) Surface treatment: Through surface phosphating and saponification treatment, a layer of phosphating and saponification film is uniformly covered on the surface of pre-heading blanks, thereby reducing friction resistance and forming resistance during cold extrusion forming, and improving process stability;

(7)冷挤压:采用冷挤压成形技术,成形出和输出轴很接近的最终坯件,提高金属材料利用率,将后续机械加工的金属余量减小到较低水平,提高加工效率;                (7) Cold extrusion: adopt cold extrusion forming technology to form the final blank that is very close to the output shaft, improve the utilization rate of metal materials, reduce the metal allowance for subsequent machining to a lower level, and improve processing efficiency ;

(8)正火;正火处理的目的是降低冷挤压成形坯件因加工硬化所产生的较高硬度,去除因加工硬化所产生的应力,同时提高后续机械加工工艺的稳定性;(8) Normalizing: The purpose of normalizing is to reduce the high hardness of the cold extrusion forming blank due to work hardening, remove the stress caused by work hardening, and improve the stability of the subsequent machining process;

(9)校直;如果正火坯件出现过度弯曲,则需要通过校直工艺校正,为后续机械加工工序做准备;     (9) Straightening; if there is excessive bending of the normalizing blank, it needs to be corrected by the straightening process to prepare for the subsequent machining process;

上述机械加工包括粗车、半精车和精车,所述粗车、半精车和精车均采用数控车床且均是以小端中心孔(1)和大端60°锥孔(12)作为定位基准,上述机械加工和特种加工具体包括The above-mentioned mechanical processing includes rough turning, semi-finishing turning and finishing turning. The rough turning, semi-finishing turning and finishing turning all adopt CNC lathes and are all centered on the small end center hole (1) and the big end 60° tapered hole (12). As a positioning reference, the above-mentioned mechanical processing and special processing specifically include

(1)车大端面:去除大端面两端以及大端外圆的多余金属材料,为后续机械加工工序做准备;         (1) Turning the large end face: remove the excess metal material at both ends of the large end face and the outer circle of the large end to prepare for the subsequent machining process; 

(2)车小端面:加工去除小端面的多余材料,为后续机械加工工序做准备;  (2) Turning small end face: processing to remove excess material on the small end face to prepare for the subsequent machining process;

(3)加工大端中心孔:加工大端中心孔,作为后续机械加工工序的过渡基准,最终会被加工去掉;   (3) Machining the center hole of the big end: machining the center hole of the big end, as the transition benchmark of the subsequent machining process, will eventually be removed by machining;

(4)加工小端中心孔:加工小端中心孔,作为后续机械加工工序的基准之一;   (4) Machining the center hole of the small end: machining the center hole of the small end as one of the benchmarks for the subsequent machining process;

(5)粗车基准面:粗加工后续机械加工工序的夹持基准,去除多余材料;(5) Rough turning datum surface: the clamping datum of the subsequent machining process of rough machining to remove excess material;

(6)精车基准面:加工出后续机械加工工序的夹持基准;(6) Finishing datum plane: the clamping datum for the subsequent machining process;

(7)车大端面及含油轴承座孔:加工大端面两端、外圆,去除多余材料,加工含油轴承座孔及60°锥孔,以此作为后续机械加工、冷滚轧渐开线螺旋花键、冲压齿轮轴底孔、以及铆挤装配等工序的多重定位基准;(7) Turning the large end face and oil bearing seat hole: process both ends of the large end face and the outer circle, remove excess material, process the oil bearing seat hole and 60° tapered hole, and use it as a follow-up machining, cold rolling involute spiral Multiple positioning datums for processes such as splines, stamping gear shaft bottom holes, and riveting assembly;

(8)粗车外圆:粗加工各外圆以及渐开线螺旋花键(6)滚轧前的外圆,去除多余材料;(8) Rough turning outer circle: rough machining of each outer circle and involute helical spline (6) The outer circle before rolling to remove excess material;

(9)半精车外圆:进一步加工各外圆,去除多余材料,加工渐开线螺旋花键滚轧成形段坯料形状和尺寸,包括倒角、斜角和渐开线螺旋花键滚轧前的外圆直径,以及卡簧槽和退刀槽;(9) Semi-finishing outer circle: further processing each outer circle, removing excess material, processing the shape and size of the blank of the involute spiral spline rolling forming section, including chamfering, bevel and involute spiral spline rolling The outer diameter of the front, as well as the ring groove and the relief groove;

(10)冷滚轧:应用冷滚轧成形技术加工制造渐开线螺旋花键,解决了无退刀槽齿形零件无法机械加工的难题,减少机械加工工序,加工效率大幅度提高20倍以上;(10) Cold rolling: apply cold rolling forming technology to process and manufacture involute spiral splines, which solves the problem that tooth-shaped parts without undercut grooves cannot be machined, reduces machining processes, and greatly improves processing efficiency by more than 20 times ;

(11)精车外圆:精加工各外圆以及渐开线螺旋花键齿顶圆,去除多余材料,只留热处理后的磨削余量;(11) Finishing outer circle: finishing each outer circle and involute spiral spline tooth tip circle, removing excess material, leaving only the grinding allowance after heat treatment;

(12)冲孔:使用申请号为201020055240.9的专利公开的冲孔模具在输出轴上冲压出三个齿轮轴底孔,冲孔时以上述含油轴承座孔作为定位基准,所述三个齿轮轴底孔的尺寸误差≤0.02,且相对于两个基准小端中心孔和含油轴承座孔的位置误差≤0.03;(12) Punching: use the punching die disclosed in the patent application number 201020055240.9 to punch out three gear shaft bottom holes on the output shaft. The size error of the bottom hole is ≤0.02, and the position error relative to the center hole of the two datum small ends and the oil bearing seat hole is ≤0.03;

(13)精车大端两面:加工大端面两侧以及大端外圆,去除多余材料和冲孔塌角,保证盘厚尺寸及形位公差要求;         (13) Finish turning both sides of the big end: process both sides of the big end face and the outer circle of the big end, remove excess material and punching slump, and ensure the disc thickness and shape tolerance requirements;

(14)车总长:加工去除小端面的多余材料,保证总长尺寸;   (14) The overall length of the vehicle: processing and removing the excess material on the small end face to ensure the overall length;

(15)加工含油轴承座孔:加工含油轴承座孔,保证孔深尺寸;(15) Process the oil-impregnated bearing seat hole: process the oil-impregnated bearing seat hole to ensure the hole depth;

(16)孔口倒角:孔口倒角去除毛刺,以利于齿轮轴铆挤装配,保证总成装配的质量;(16) Orifice chamfering: the orifice is chamfered to remove burrs, so as to facilitate the riveting assembly of the gear shaft and ensure the quality of the assembly assembly;

(17)打标记:打上要求的标机;(17) Marking: mark the required marking machine;

(18)渗碳淬火;通过渗碳淬火处理提高输出轴心部和表面的硬度,改善组织,使表面的有效渗碳层深度达到要求;(18) Carburizing and quenching: through carburizing and quenching treatment, the hardness of the output shaft center and surface can be improved, the structure can be improved, and the effective carburized layer depth on the surface can meet the requirements;

(19)研磨基准孔:研磨用以提高基准孔表面粗糙度,清除孔内沙石等杂物;(19) Grinding reference hole: Grinding is used to improve the surface roughness of the reference hole and remove debris such as sand and stones in the hole;

(20)磨外圆:磨削使各外圆的尺寸、表面粗糙度、以及形位公差均达到要求;(20) Grinding the outer circle: Grinding to make the size, surface roughness, and shape tolerance of each outer circle meet the requirements;

上述辅助处理包括对已磨削产品进行清洗除污和防锈处理。The above-mentioned auxiliary treatment includes cleaning, decontamination and anti-rust treatment of the ground product.

本发明具有如下有益效果,本发明采用冷挤压成形技术制坯,采用冷滚轧成形技术加工渐开线螺旋花键,采用数控车床进行机械加工,采用专用的冲孔模具和铆挤装配模具进行冲孔和组装,并采用特有的加工步骤和方法,不仅提高了输出轴组件的制造精度和加工效率,提高了产品综合质量和成品率,而且降低了原材料和能源消耗,减少了环境污染。The present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention adopts cold extrusion forming technology to make blank, adopts cold rolling forming technology to process involute spiral spline, adopts numerical control lathe for machining, and adopts special punching die and riveting assembly die Punching and assembly, and the use of unique processing steps and methods, not only improve the manufacturing accuracy and processing efficiency of the output shaft assembly, improve the overall quality and yield of products, but also reduce raw materials and energy consumption, and reduce environmental pollution.

 the

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明输出轴组件结构示意图;Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the output shaft assembly of the present invention;

图2为图1的侧视图。FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1 .

具体实施方式Detailed ways

实施例1,一种输出轴组件的加工方法,包括输出轴19的加工及齿轮轴17、含油轴承18与输出轴19的组装,输出轴19的加工流程包括坯料准备、制坯、机械加工、特种加工及辅助处理;Embodiment 1, a processing method of the output shaft assembly, including the processing of the output shaft 19 and the assembly of the gear shaft 17, the oil bearing 18 and the output shaft 19, the processing flow of the output shaft 19 includes blank preparation, blank making, machining, Special processing and auxiliary processing;

制坯包括采用冷挤压成形技术预制坯和制坯;Billet making includes preform and billet making by cold extrusion forming technology;

特种加工包括渐开线螺旋花键6的加工,渐开线螺旋花键6的加工为采用冷滚轧成形技术;Special processing includes the processing of involute helical spline 6, and the processing of involute helical spline 6 adopts cold rolling forming technology;

特种加工还包括冲孔,该冲孔为使用申请号为201020055240.9的专利公开的冲孔模具在上述输出轴上冲压出三个齿轮轴底孔,冲孔时以含油轴承座孔作为定位基准,该三个齿轮轴底孔的尺寸误差≤0.02,且相对于作为基准的小端中心孔和含有轴承座孔的位置误差≤0.03;The special processing also includes punching. The punching is to use the punching die disclosed in the patent application number 201020055240.9 to punch out three bottom holes of the gear shaft on the output shaft. The size error of the bottom holes of the three gear shafts is ≤0.02, and the position error of the center hole of the small end and the hole containing the bearing seat is ≤0.03;

机械加工的工艺过程均是以小端中心孔1和大端60°锥孔12作为定位基准;The machining process is based on the central hole 1 at the small end and the 60° taper hole 12 at the large end as the positioning reference;

机械加工包括粗车、半精车和精车,所述粗车、半精车和精车均采用数控车床;Mechanical processing includes rough turning, semi-finishing turning and finishing turning, and the rough turning, semi-finishing turning and finishing turning all adopt numerical control lathe;

辅助处理包括为已磨削产品进行清洗除污和防锈处理;Auxiliary treatment includes cleaning, decontamination and anti-rust treatment for ground products;

齿轮轴17、含油轴承18与输出轴19的组装为使用申请号为201020055282.2的专利公开的铆挤装配模具在液压机床上一次将含油轴承18和三根齿轮轴17铆挤装配到输出轴19上,三根齿轮轴17相对于两个作为基准的小端中心孔和含油轴承内孔的位置误差≤0.04。The gear shaft 17, the oil bearing 18 and the output shaft 19 are assembled by riveting the oil bearing 18 and three gear shafts 17 onto the output shaft 19 once on the hydraulic machine using the riveting assembly die disclosed by the patent application number 201020055282.2, three The position error of the gear shaft 17 relative to the two center holes at the small end and the inner hole of the oil-impregnated bearing is ≤0.04.

实施例2,一种输出轴组件的加工方法,包括输出轴19的加工及齿轮轴17、含油轴承18与输出轴19的组装,输出轴19的加工流程包括坯料准备、制坯、机械加工和特种加工及辅助处理;Embodiment 2, a processing method of the output shaft assembly, including the processing of the output shaft 19 and the assembly of the gear shaft 17, the oil bearing 18 and the output shaft 19, the processing flow of the output shaft 19 includes blank preparation, blank making, machining and Special processing and auxiliary processing;

输出轴19的加工具体操作步骤如下:The specific operation steps of the machining of the output shaft 19 are as follows:

坯料准备包括Billet preparation includes

(1)下料:热轧棒料采用剪切或锯割的工艺方法下料;               (1) Cutting: hot-rolled bars are cut by cutting or sawing; 

(2)抛丸:去除所下材料表面的氧化皮;      (2) Shot blasting: remove the oxide skin on the surface of the material;

(3)车坯:车去下料时材料两端所形成的塌角并倒角,提高冷挤压预制坯时的工艺稳定性;(3) Car billet: the collapse and chamfering formed at both ends of the material when the car is removed for blanking, which improves the process stability of the cold extrusion preform;

(4)表面处理:通过表面磷化皂化处理,在坯料表面均匀覆盖一层磷化皂化膜;(4) Surface treatment: Through surface phosphating and saponification treatment, a layer of phosphating and saponification film is evenly covered on the surface of the billet;

制坯包括Billets include

(1)预制坯:采用冷挤压成形技术预制坯;       (1) Prefabricated billets: prefabricated billets using cold extrusion forming technology;

(2)表面处理:通过表面磷化皂化处理,在预制坯件表面均匀覆盖一层磷化皂化膜;       (2) Surface treatment: Through surface phosphating and saponification treatment, a layer of phosphating and saponification film is evenly covered on the surface of the prefabricated blank;

(3)预镦坯:采用冷挤压成形技术来预镦坯;         (3) Pre-upset billet: adopt cold extrusion forming technology to pre-upset billet; 

(4)退火;(4) Annealing;

(5)抛丸:去除之前退火坯件表面的氧化皮;          (5) Shot blasting: remove the scale on the surface of the previously annealed blank;

(6)表面处理:通过表面磷化皂化处理,在预镦坯件表面均匀覆盖一层磷化皂化膜;          (6) Surface treatment: Through surface phosphating and saponification treatment, a layer of phosphating and saponification film is evenly covered on the surface of the pre-heading blank;

(7)冷挤压:采用冷挤压成形技术,成形出和输出轴19很接近的最终坯件;             (7) Cold extrusion: using cold extrusion forming technology to form a final blank that is very close to the output shaft 19;

(8)正火;(8) normalizing;

(9)校直;    (9) straightening;

机械加工包括粗车、半精车和精车,所述粗车、半精车和精车均采用数控车床且均是以小端中心孔1和大端60°锥孔12作为定位基准,机械加工和特种加工具体包括Machining includes rough turning, semi-finishing turning and finishing turning, and described rough turning, semi-finishing turning and finishing turning all adopt numerical control lathe and all take the small end central hole 1 and the big end 60° taper hole 12 as positioning datum, mechanical Processing and special processing specifically include

(1)车大端面:去除大端面两端13、15以及大端外圆14的多余金属材料;         (1) Turning the large end face: remove the excess metal material at both ends 13 and 15 of the large end face and the outer circle 14 of the large end; 

(2)车小端面:加工去除小端面16的多余材料;   (2) Car small end face: process to remove excess material of small end face 16;

(3)加工大端中心孔:加工大端中心孔,作为后续机械加工工序的过渡基准,最终会被加工去掉;   (3) Machining the center hole of the big end: machining the center hole of the big end, as the transition benchmark of the subsequent machining process, will eventually be removed by machining;

(4)加工小端中心孔:加工小端中心孔1,作为后续机械加工工序的基准之一;   (4) Machining the center hole of the small end: machining the center hole 1 of the small end as one of the benchmarks of the subsequent machining process;

(5)粗车基准面:粗加工后续机械加工工序的夹持基准,去除多余材料;(5) Rough turning datum surface: the clamping datum of the subsequent machining process of rough machining to remove excess material;

(6)精车基准面:加工出后续机械加工工序的夹持基准;(6) Finishing datum plane: the clamping datum for the subsequent machining process;

(7)车大端面及含油轴承座孔:加工大端面两端13、15及外圆14,去除多余材料,加工含油轴承座孔8和大端60°锥孔12,以此作为后续机械加工、冷滚轧渐开线螺旋花键6、冲压齿轮轴底孔、以及铆挤装配等工序的多重定位基准;(7) Turn the big end face and oil bearing seat hole: process the two ends of the big end face 13, 15 and the outer circle 14, remove excess material, process the oil bearing seat hole 8 and the big end 60° taper hole 12, as follow-up machining , cold rolling involute helical spline 6, stamping gear shaft bottom hole, and multiple positioning references for riveting and extrusion assembly processes;

(8)粗车外圆:粗加工各外圆2、4、9以及渐开线螺旋花键6滚轧前的外圆,去除多余材料;(8) Rough turning outer circle: rough machining each outer circle 2, 4, 9 and the outer circle of the involute helical spline 6 before rolling, and remove excess material;

(9)半精车外圆:进一步加工各外圆2、4、9,去除多余材料,加工渐开线螺旋花键6滚轧成形段坯料形状和尺寸,包括倒角5、斜角7和渐开线螺旋花键6滚轧前的外圆直径,以及卡簧槽3和退刀槽10;(9) Semi-finished outer circle: further process each outer circle 2, 4, 9, remove excess material, process the shape and size of the blank of the involute helical spline 6 rolling forming section, including chamfer 5, bevel 7 and The diameter of the outer circle of the involute helical spline 6 before rolling, as well as the circlip groove 3 and the relief groove 10;

(10)冷滚轧:应用冷滚轧成形技术加工制造渐开线螺旋花键6;(10) Cold rolling: apply cold rolling forming technology to process and manufacture involute helical spline 6;

(11)精车外圆:精加工各外圆2、4、9以及渐开线螺旋花键6齿顶圆,去除多余材料,只留热处理后的磨削余量;(11) Finishing outer circle: finish machining each outer circle 2, 4, 9 and involute spiral spline 6 tooth tip circle, remove excess material, and only leave the grinding allowance after heat treatment;

(12)冲孔:使用申请号为201020055240.9的专利公开的冲孔模具在输出轴19上冲压出三个齿轮轴底孔11;冲孔时以含油轴承座孔作为定位基准,该三个齿轮轴底孔的尺寸误差≤0.02,且相对于作为基准的小端中心孔和含有轴承座孔的位置误差≤0.03;(12) Punching: Use the punching die disclosed in the patent application number 201020055240.9 to punch out three gear shaft bottom holes 11 on the output shaft 19; when punching, use the oil bearing seat hole as the positioning reference, and the three gear shafts The size error of the bottom hole is ≤0.02, and the position error relative to the center hole of the small end and the hole containing the bearing seat is ≤0.03;

(13)精车大端两面:加工大端面两侧13、15以及大端外圆14,去除多余材料和冲孔塌角,保证盘厚尺寸及形位公差要求;         (13) Finish turning both sides of the big end: process the two sides 13, 15 of the big end and the outer circle 14 of the big end, remove excess material and punching slump, and ensure the disc thickness and shape tolerance requirements;

(14)车总长:加工去除小端面16的多余材料,保证总长尺寸;   (14) The overall length of the car: machining and removing the excess material on the small end face 16 to ensure the overall length;

(15)加工含油轴承座孔:加工含油轴承座孔8,保证孔深尺寸;(15) Process the oil-impregnated bearing seat hole: process oil-impregnated bearing seat hole 8 to ensure the hole depth;

(16)孔口倒角:孔口倒角去除毛刺,以利于齿轮轴17铆挤装配,保证总成装配的质量;(16) Orifice chamfering: the orifice is chamfered to remove burrs, so as to facilitate the riveting assembly of the gear shaft 17 and ensure the assembly quality of the assembly;

(17)打标记:打上要求的标机;(17) Marking: mark the required marking machine;

(18)渗碳淬火;(18) Carburizing and quenching;

(19)研磨基准孔:研磨用以提高基准孔表面粗糙度,清除孔内沙石等杂物;(19) Grinding reference hole: Grinding is used to improve the surface roughness of the reference hole and remove debris such as sand and stones in the hole;

(20)磨外圆:磨削使各外圆2、4、9的尺寸、表面粗糙度、以及形位公差均达到要求;(20) Grinding the outer circle: Grinding to make the size, surface roughness, and shape and position tolerance of each outer circle 2, 4, and 9 meet the requirements;

辅助处理包括为已磨削产品进行清洗除污和防锈处理;Auxiliary treatment includes cleaning, decontamination and anti-rust treatment for ground products;

齿轮轴17、含油轴承18与输出轴19的组装为使用申请号为201020055282.2的专利公开的铆挤装配模具在液压机床上一次将含油轴承18和三根齿轮轴17铆挤装配到输出轴19上,三根齿轮轴17相对于两个作为基准的小端中心孔和含油轴承内孔的位置误差≤0.04。The gear shaft 17, the oil bearing 18 and the output shaft 19 are assembled by riveting the oil bearing 18 and three gear shafts 17 onto the output shaft 19 once on the hydraulic machine using the riveting assembly die disclosed by the patent application number 201020055282.2, three The position error of the gear shaft 17 relative to the two center holes at the small end and the inner hole of the oil-impregnated bearing is ≤0.04.

Claims (10)

1. the processing method of an output shaft assembly, comprise the processing of output shaft (19) and the assembling of gear shaft (17), oiliness bearing (18) and described output shaft (19), the work flow of described output shaft (19) comprises blank preparation, base, machining, the special process and aid in treatment, it is characterized in that described base comprises employing cold-extrusion shaping technology prefabricated blank and base.
2. the processing method of output shaft assembly as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the described special process comprises the processing of involute helical spline (6), and being processed as of described involute helical spline (6) adopts cold rolling shaping technology to process.
3. the processing method of output shaft assembly as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the described special process also comprises punching, described punching stamps out three gear shaft bottom outlets (11) for using punching die on described output shaft (19), during punching with described oiliness bearing seat hole (8) as the location benchmark, scale error≤0.02 of described three gear shaft bottom outlets (11), and with respect to as the small end centre bore (1) of benchmark and site error≤0.03 in described oiliness bearing seat hole (8).
4. the processing method of output shaft assembly as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described punching die is that application number is the punching die of 201020055240.9 patent disclosure.
5. the processing method of output shaft assembly as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: the technical process of described machining all is with small end centre bore (1) and holds 60 ° of taper holes (12) as the location benchmark greatly.
6. the processing method of output shaft assembly as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: described machining comprises rough turn, half finish turning and finish turning, and described rough turn, half finish turning and finish turning all adopt numerically controlled lathe.
7. the processing method of output shaft assembly as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: described gear shaft (17), oiliness bearing (18) and being assembled into of described output shaft (19) use riveting squeeze the assembling mould on the hydraulic machine once with oiliness bearing (18) with three rooted tooth wheel shaft (17) rivetings are crowded is assembled on the described output shaft (19), described three rooted tooth wheel shafts (17) are with respect to as the small end centre bore (1) of benchmark and site error≤0.04 of oiliness bearing endoporus.
8. the processing method of output shaft assembly as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that: it is that application number is the mould of 201020055282.2 patent disclosure that the assembling mould is squeezed in described riveting.
9. the processing method of output shaft assembly as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the procedure of processing of described output shaft is specific as follows:
Described blank is prepared to comprise
(1) blanking: the hot rolling bar adopts the process blanking of shearing or sawing;
(2) ball blast: the oxide skin of removing the material surface that descends;
(3) car base: formed angle and the chamfering of collapsing in material two ends when car goes blanking, the technology stability when improving the cold extrusion prefabricated blank;
(4) surface treatment: handle by the alramenting saponification, evenly cover one deck phosphatization saponification film in blank surface;
Described base comprises:
(1) prefabricated blank: adopt cold-extrusion shaping technology prefabricated blank;
(2) surface treatment: handle by the alramenting saponification, evenly cover one deck phosphatization saponification film on prefabricated blank surface;
(3) base of upsetting in advance: adopt the cold-extrusion shaping technology to come pre-rammer base;
(4) annealing;
(5) ball blast: the oxide skin on the blank surface of annealing before removing;
(6) surface treatment: handle by the alramenting saponification, evenly cover one deck phosphatization saponification film on pre-rammer blank surface;
(7) cold extrusion: adopt the cold-extrusion shaping technology, be shaped and final blank that output shaft (19) is very approaching;
(8) normalizing;
(9) alignment;
That described machining comprises is rough turn, half finish turning and finish turning, described rough turn, half finish turning and finish turning all adopts numerically controlled lathe and all be with small end centre bore (1) and big 60 ° of taper holes of end (12) as locating benchmark, the described machining and the special process comprise:
(1) car large end face: the excess metal material of removing large end face two ends (13,15) and holding cylindrical (14) greatly;
(2) car small end face: the excess stock of small end face (16) is removed in processing;
(3) the big end of processing centre bore: the big end of processing centre bore, as the transition baseline of follow-up machining operation, finally can processedly remove;
(4) processing small end centre bore: processing small end centre bore (1), as one of benchmark of follow-up machining operation;
(5) rough turn datum level: the clamping benchmark of the follow-up machining operation of roughing, remove excess stock;
(6) finish turning datum level: the clamping benchmark that processes follow-up machining operation;
(7) car large end face and oiliness bearing seat hole: processing large end face two ends (13,15), cylindrical (14), remove excess stock, processing oiliness bearing seat hole (8) and big end 60 ° of taper holes (12) squeeze the location benchmark of operations such as assembling with this as follow-up machining, cold rolling involute helical spline (6), three gear shaft bottom outlets of punching press (11) and riveting;
(8) rough turn cylindrical: the cylindrical before each cylindrical of roughing (2,4,9) and involute helical spline (6) rolling, remove excess stock;
(9) half finish turning cylindricals: further process each cylindrical (2,4,9), remove excess stock, processing involute helical spline (6) rollforming section blank shape and size, comprise the outside diameter that chamfering (5), oblique angle (7) and involute helical spline (6) rolling are preceding, and jump ring groove (3) and escape (10);
(10) cold rolling: use cold rolling shaping technology processing and manufacturing involute helical spline (6);
(11) finish turning cylindrical: each cylindrical of fine finishining (2,4,9) and involute helical spline (6) outside circle, remove excess stock, only stay the grinding allowance after the heat treatment;
(12) punching: request for utilization number is that the punching die of 201020055240.9 patent disclosure stamps out three gear shaft bottom outlets (11) on output shaft (19); During punching with described oiliness bearing seat hole (8) as the location benchmark, scale error≤0.02 of described three gear shaft bottom outlets (11), and with respect to as the small end centre bore (1) of benchmark and site error≤0.03 in described oiliness bearing seat hole (8);
(13) the big end of finish turning two sides: processing large end face both sides (13,15) and hold cylindrical (14) greatly, remove excess stock and the punching angle of collapsing, thick size and Geometrical Tolerance Principle are coiled in assurance;
(14) car length overall: the excess stock of small end face (16) is removed in processing, guarantees the length overall size;
(15) processing oiliness bearing seat hole: processing oiliness bearing seat hole (8) guarantees depth size;
(16) aperture chamfering: the aperture chamfering is removed burr, is beneficial to gear shaft (17) riveting and squeezes assembling, guarantees the quality of assembly assembling;
(17) marking: the mark machine of stamping requirement;
(18) carburizing and quenching;
(19) grind datum hole: grind in order to improve the datum hole surface roughness, foreign material such as the interior sandstone of cleaning hole;
(20) cylindrical grinding: grinding cylindrical (2,4,9) makes its size, surface roughness and form and position tolerance all reach requirement;
Described aid in treatment is for cleaning scrubbing and antirust processing to abrasive product.
10. the processing method of output shaft assembly as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: described gear shaft (17), oiliness bearing (18) and described output shaft (19) be assembled into request for utilization number be the riveting of 201020055282.2 patent disclosure squeeze the assembling mould on the hydraulic machine once with oiliness bearing (18) with three rooted tooth wheel shaft (17) rivetings are crowded is assembled on the described output shaft (19), described three rooted tooth wheel shafts (17) are with respect to as the small end centre bore (1) of benchmark and site error≤0.04 of oiliness bearing endoporus.
CN 201010291862 2010-09-26 2010-09-26 Method for machining output shaft assembly Pending CN101954574A (en)

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CN103801914A (en) * 2014-03-05 2014-05-21 沈阳航天新乐有限责任公司 Combined machining method for hollow shaft assembly
CN104339126A (en) * 2013-08-07 2015-02-11 超捷紧固系统(上海)股份有限公司 Manufacturing method of wear-resistant flat pull adapter
CN104493437A (en) * 2014-11-25 2015-04-08 浙江铂达科技有限公司 Oil pump shaft machining process
CN105170782A (en) * 2015-09-30 2015-12-23 江苏森威集团飞达股份有限公司 Punching mold for P shafts and machining method for P shafts
CN106167367A (en) * 2016-07-12 2016-11-30 合肥新沪屏蔽泵有限公司 A kind of production technology of canned motor pump special graphite bearing
CN108343709A (en) * 2018-01-18 2018-07-31 杭州樱太传动机械有限公司 High-torque wear-resistant gear reducer and manufacturing method thereof
CN108857268A (en) * 2018-05-30 2018-11-23 昆山名威精密工业有限公司 A kind of processing technology of high abrasion oil pressure mandril
CN109290744A (en) * 2018-10-30 2019-02-01 安徽东升达精密机件有限公司 A kind of rotating shaft and rotating shaft processing method
CN114135565A (en) * 2021-10-12 2022-03-04 宁波镇明转轴有限公司 Novel automobile oil pump driving shaft and machining process thereof
CN117047426A (en) * 2023-10-11 2023-11-14 万向钱潮股份公司 Transmission shaft processing method

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CN102225503A (en) * 2011-04-02 2011-10-26 翁振栋 Method and mould for manufacturing floor spring rotating shaft head
CN102225503B (en) * 2011-04-02 2013-08-14 翁振栋 Method and mould for manufacturing floor spring rotating shaft head
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CN102962637A (en) * 2012-11-01 2013-03-13 宁波镇明转轴有限公司 Manufacturing method for anti-cracking automobile oil pump drive shaft
CN102962637B (en) * 2012-11-01 2015-06-03 宁波镇明转轴有限公司 Manufacturing method for anti-cracking automobile oil pump drive shaft
CN104339126A (en) * 2013-08-07 2015-02-11 超捷紧固系统(上海)股份有限公司 Manufacturing method of wear-resistant flat pull adapter
CN103624503A (en) * 2013-11-15 2014-03-12 重庆渝青机械配件制造有限公司 Middle shaft machining technology
CN103737255A (en) * 2013-12-04 2014-04-23 大连洁能重工机械有限公司 Carburized layer depth deviation control method
CN103753130B (en) * 2013-12-23 2018-09-28 西安西航集团莱特航空制造技术有限公司 A kind of machining process of High Pressure Turbine Rotor axis
CN103753130A (en) * 2013-12-23 2014-04-30 西安西航集团莱特航空制造技术有限公司 Method for machining rotor spindle of high pressure turbine
CN103801914A (en) * 2014-03-05 2014-05-21 沈阳航天新乐有限责任公司 Combined machining method for hollow shaft assembly
CN104493437A (en) * 2014-11-25 2015-04-08 浙江铂达科技有限公司 Oil pump shaft machining process
CN105170782A (en) * 2015-09-30 2015-12-23 江苏森威集团飞达股份有限公司 Punching mold for P shafts and machining method for P shafts
CN106167367A (en) * 2016-07-12 2016-11-30 合肥新沪屏蔽泵有限公司 A kind of production technology of canned motor pump special graphite bearing
CN108343709A (en) * 2018-01-18 2018-07-31 杭州樱太传动机械有限公司 High-torque wear-resistant gear reducer and manufacturing method thereof
CN108857268A (en) * 2018-05-30 2018-11-23 昆山名威精密工业有限公司 A kind of processing technology of high abrasion oil pressure mandril
CN108857268B (en) * 2018-05-30 2020-03-27 昆山名威精密工业有限公司 Machining process of high-abrasion-resistance oil pressure ejector rod
CN109290744A (en) * 2018-10-30 2019-02-01 安徽东升达精密机件有限公司 A kind of rotating shaft and rotating shaft processing method
CN114135565A (en) * 2021-10-12 2022-03-04 宁波镇明转轴有限公司 Novel automobile oil pump driving shaft and machining process thereof
CN117047426A (en) * 2023-10-11 2023-11-14 万向钱潮股份公司 Transmission shaft processing method

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