CN101948225B - Method for quickly dewatering and effectively removing heavy metals from primary sludge - Google Patents
Method for quickly dewatering and effectively removing heavy metals from primary sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN101948225B CN101948225B CN2010102801114A CN201010280111A CN101948225B CN 101948225 B CN101948225 B CN 101948225B CN 2010102801114 A CN2010102801114 A CN 2010102801114A CN 201010280111 A CN201010280111 A CN 201010280111A CN 101948225 B CN101948225 B CN 101948225B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for quickly dewatering and effectively removing heavy metals from primary sludge, which comprises the following steps: (1) acidifying the primary sludge and preparing slurry liquor; (2) heating by microwaves: heating the slurry liquor to 30 to 90 DEG C; (3) mechanically filtering; and (4) adjusting the pH value of the slurry liquor with lime to 6.0 to 8.5, adding 8 to 12 grams of CaS, stirring for 25 to 35 minutes to precipitate heavy metals, and mechanically filtering and separating to obtain clear liquor and filter residue, wherein the clear liquor can be reused for acidifying the sludge, preparing slurry liquor, mechanically filtering, separating and washing as circulating water; and the clear liquor left after the reuse is returned to the sewage treatment systems of sewage treatment plants. In the invention, the primary sludge produced by the sewage treatment plants can be dewatered directly and quickly without secondary sedimentation, concentration, digestion and other processes, so a large amount of resource can be saved and the environment protection is promoted.
Description
Technical field
The primary sludge that the present invention relates to sewage work removes the method for the water treatment of heavy metal, is specially the method for a kind of primary sludge fast dewatering and effective elimination heavy metal.
Background technology
Along with the lifting of rapid development of national economy, people's quality of life, the raising that environmental protection standard requires, town sewage degree of treatment and quantity also significantly improve, and the amount of sludge of generation also increases greatly.Country's town sewage is handled Eleventh-Five Year Plan, and to the year ends 2010, the wastewater treatment rate in cities and towns will reach 100,000,000 m
3/ d, national sewage quantity will reach 36,500,000,000 m every year
3, mud also will be considerably beyond 3,000 ten thousand t.The steady running of more than 1300 sewage work was arranged in 2009, newly-increased daily treatment capacity of municipal sewage 1,330 ten thousand t in the whole nation, national wastewater emission amount is 589.2 hundred million t.
According to the measuring and calculating of environmental administration in 2009, the whole nation is annual to produce about about 3,800 ten thousand t of mud of water ratio 80%, and with 15～20% speed cumulative year after year.At present, most mud do not obtain appropriate disposal, and the phenomenon of arbitrarily abandoning, toppling over is ubiquity also, and the secondary pollution problem that causes thus can not be ignored, to a certain extent even offset the achievement of pollution emission reduction.Some areas are also improper because of sludge disposal, caused the environmental pollution incident.In the ever-increasing while of wastewater treatment in China ability, town sewage is handled the mud that produces and is also constantly increased.
In the mud of dirty (giving up) water treatment, organic content is high, degenerates smelly easily; Particle is thinner, and density is less, the high and difficult water of removing of water ratio.Also contain nutrient for plants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in the mud, can be used as fertilizer.Sludge-drying has higher calorific value, can burn.Owing to be mixed with hospital's draining and some trade effluent in the municipal effluent, usually contain objectionable impuritiess such as parasitic ovum, bacterium and heavy metal in the mud.Can cause bigger harm to environment and the mankind and animal health, the eubiosis.
Mud is the solidliquid mixture that in each unit of Sewage treatment systems, is produced, and is the accessory products of sewage treatment process, is the extremely complicated heterogeneous body that a kind of organic relic, bacterium thalline, inorganic particle, colloid etc. are formed.Its fundamental characteristics is following:
1) mud contains a large amount of organic matters, pathogenic agent, parasite and venomous injurant (like heavy metal copper, mercury, zinc, chromium etc.), the hazardous and noxious substances of difficult degradations such as salt and polychlorobiphenyl, Dioxins, radionuclide except that containing ash content.In treating processes, be difficult to bacterium, pathogenic agent are thoroughly eliminated, also be difficult to each heavy metal species is removed.
2) moisture percentage in sewage sludge is high, and the primary sludge water ratio reaches 97～99.5%, still moisturely after the concentration reaches 80～85%, and volume is bigger, transportation inconvenience, and landfill inconvenience brings serious secondary pollution and potentially contaminated.
3) with stench, be prone to corruption, be difficult to remove stink.This problem has all been avoided in general sludge treatment base.
The mud problem is that the operator of each sewage work all can run into.But fundamentally do not solve the innoxious of mud and resource utilization problem.Mud is still being piled somewhere; Stricti jurise from environmental protection; Setting up sewage work only is that decrement and form transformation have been carried out in pollution, does not fully eliminate, under certain conditions; This transformation even possibly make some noxious pollutant (like heavy metal ion) enrichment can cause secondary pollution and potentially contaminated.For example a day is handled 250,000 m
3Medium-sized sewage work, can produce 200t mud every day, according to the sanitary landfill and the transhipment of routine, because its volume is bigger, needs the vehicle-mounted transportation of 300t position; Landfill 1m
3Mud need take 3m
3Relative place, and cause serious secondary pollution and potential pollution with modes such as carriers such as biochemical decompositions of water, air, mosquitos and flies muroid animal, solid permeate, spread, dissociate because it contains poisonous objectionable constituent; As through burning (mixing burnings), the auxiliary fuel of every 1t mud (butt) need consume 304～565L heavy oil, and energy consumption is big, and generation SO
2, atmospheric polluting materials such as Dioxins, oxynitride and flue dust, residuum still is difficult to dispose.It is relevant to cause the reason of this situation and existing sludge treatment disposal technology in the world to be not suitable for China's national situation, also because sewage merges with trade effluent handles, thereby makes the composition of mud very complicated, is difficult to processing.
Along with the popularizing of sewage treatment facility, the raising of processing rate and the in-depth of degree of treatment, the sludge produced by sewage treatment amount also increases by a fairly big margin; And WWT relatively, the coverage ratio of sludge treatment disposal at present is low, and most of sludge of sewage treatment plants does not obtain real effective the disposal, thus the transfer that pollutes, various places signal for help repeatedly, even cause some implacable social contradications.
The notable attribute of mud is that water ratio is high, and is therefore bulky, for the long distance transhipment of mud with subsequent disposal disposal brought economically, on the environment, on the safety and technical great difficulty.At present, the treatment technology of domestic sludge dewatering and method mainly contain mud just heavy (two is heavy), concentrate, technologies such as digestion, mechanical dehydration, physics mummification.And find that through practical application these technology investments are big, and occupation of land is big, and energy consumption is big, and the running cost height needs to add multiple a large amount of flocculations (coagulation) agent and processing brings difficulty to subsequent technique, still exists the difficulty of dewatering very big.The general still moisture 60-85% of mud after dehydration.
Mud purposes after dehydration is extensively sent out, and can be used for composting, feed, building materials, fuel etc.Therefore; Research and development utilize the novel method of a kind of primary sludge fast dewatering and effective elimination heavy metal; Can cross the realization fast dewatering, for the minimizing of mud, innoxious, resource utilization, low carbonization is handled is very necessary, has good social benefit, economic benefit and environmental benefit.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solved is to provide the method for a kind of primary sludge fast dewatering and effective elimination heavy metal, to solve the problem in the background technology:
The technical problem that the present invention solved adopts following technical scheme to realize:
The method of a kind of primary sludge fast dewatering and effective elimination heavy metal may further comprise the steps:
(1) primary sludge acidification: the primary sludge of getting urban wastewater treatment firm; Water ratio 97～99.5%; Add entry in the mass ratio of water and primary sludge in 0.2: 1～1: 1 ratio; The mass ratio that in mass concentration is 93%～98% technical grade nitric acid and primary sludge adds technical grade nitric acid in 0.02: 1～0.2: 1 ratio, stir 5～10min after, by the mass ratio of content 92%～98% technical grade sodium hydroxide and primary sludge ratio adding technical grade sodium hydroxide in 0.02: 1～0.2: 1; Stirring reaction 5～10min processes slurries;
(2) microwave heating: slurries are heated to 30 ℃～90 ℃, heat-up time 15～120min;
(3) mechanical filter: the slurries after the microwave heating treatment are carried out solid-liquid separation and use water washing, get dewatered sludge slag and slurries, the mass ratio of washing water consumption and primary sludge 0.3: 1～1: 1, the heavy metal in the primary sludge gets in the slurries through reaction;
(4) slurries are regulated pH value to 6.0～8.5 with lime; Add 8～12g CaS and stir 25～35min to separate out heavy metal; Carrying out mechanical filter then separates; Get clear liquid and filter residue, clear liquid can be used as cycling use of water reuse to mud acidifying slurrying liquid and mechanical filter separating, washing, the Sewage treatment systems that remaining part clear liquid can be sent sewage work back to after the reuse.
Beneficial effect
1, the present invention has realized primary sludge that sewage work is produced directly carrying out fast dewatering, no longer through two heavy, concentrate, technology such as digestion, can practice thrift great amount of investment, land used and running cost thereof.
2, after the present invention takes acidification, realized the purpose of heavy metal ion reaction, for the final heavy metal that removes provides condition.
3, the present invention takes microwave heating, has realized the purpose that heavy metal fully reacts.
4, the primary sludge handled of the present invention can fast dewatering, drops to 10%～20% by its former water ratio 97%～99.5%, the precondition that facilitates for the following process of mud and commercialization simultaneously.
5, installations and facilities required for the present invention can be directly installed on sewage work and produce.
6, the present invention can adopt the conventional equipment facility of Chemical Manufacture, and one-time investment is few, and the construction period is short, and production cost is low, and Working environment is good, and the operation number is few, the easy master operation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1 primary sludge sample is taken from husky certain sewage work of Hunan star, and water ratio is 97.5%, and solid content is 2.5%.Sample for analysis is dried to constant weight under 95～110 ℃, its heavy metal composition analysis such as table 1:
The composition analysis (mg/Kg) of table 1 primary sludge sample (in base)
| Composition | Cu | Pb | Zn | Ni | Hg | Cd | Cr | As |
| Content | 280 | 195 | 3676 | 85 | 4.7 | 2.6 | 160 | 41 |
Get primary sludge 2.0Kg and place beaker, add water 0.8L, add mass concentration and be 93% technical grade nitric acid 0.04L; Stir; Send in the microwave device and heat, make slurry temperature reach 70 ℃ and keep 20min, then slurries are carried out solid-liquid separation; And wash with 0.5L water, dewatered sludge slag and slurries.
The dewatered sludge slag that obtains, can according to local reality voluntarily deep processing manufacture a product, also can be sent to other processing bases and manufacture a product.
Slurries are regulated pH value to 6.0 with lime; Add 10g CaS and stir 25min to separate out heavy metal; Carrying out mechanical filter then separates; Get clear liquid and filter residue, clear liquid can be used as cycling use of water reuse to mud acidifying slurrying liquid and mechanical filter separating, washing, the Sewage treatment systems that remaining part clear liquid can be sent sewage work back to after the reuse.
Weight in wet base and the dry weight such as the table 2 of the dewatered sludge slag that continuous 3 experiments obtain.
Heavy metal average content such as table 3 in the dewatered sludge slag that continuous 3 experiments obtain.
The weight in wet base and the dry weight (Kg) of the dewatered sludge slag that continuous 3 experiments of table 2 obtain
| Sequence number | The primary sludge source | The primary sludge weight in wet base | Dewatered sludge slag weight in wet base | Dewatered sludge slag dry weight |
| 1 | Sewage work | 2.0 | 0.722 | 0.431 |
| 2 | Sewage work | 2.0 | 0.713 | 0.425 |
| 3 | Sewage work | 2.0 | 0.687 | 0.424 |
Heavy metal content and contrast (mg/Kg) in the dewatered sludge slag that continuous 3 experiments of table 3 obtain
| Composition | Cu | Pb | Zn | Ni | Hg | Cd | Cr | As |
| Content before handling | 280 | 195 | 3676 | 85 | 4.7 | 2.6 | 160 | 41 |
| Handle back content | 0.32 | 0.78 | 3.82 | 0.62 | 0.38 | 0.56 | 0.91 | 0.25 |
| CJ-3025-93 | 250 | 300 | 500 | 100 | 5 | 5 | 600 | 75 |
Can know by table 3, after primary sludge adopts present method to handle, the highest limit value that the dewatered sludge slag of generation, heavy metal content require in municipal sewage plant's sewage sludge emission standard, this dewatered sludge slag can carry out the subsequent product deep processing to be handled.
Embodiment 2 primary sludge samples are taken from the Hunan and are opened good fortune sewage work, and water ratio is 98.4%, and solid content is 2.4%.Treatment process is as embodiment 1, its heavy metal composition analysis such as table 4, and, draw its chemical constitution such as table 5 through chemical analysis method.
The composition analysis (mg/Kg) of table 4 primary sludge sample (butt)
| Composition | Cu | Pb | Zn | Ni | Hg | Cd | Cr | As |
| Content | 320 | 210.2 | 3780 | 218 | 5.6 | 3.2 | 128 | 21.5 |
The chemical constitution of table 5 primary sludge sample
Treatment process is got primary sludge 2.0Kg equally and is used for experiment as embodiment 1.Weight in wet base and the dry weight such as the table 6 of the dewatered sludge slag that continuous 3 experiments obtain.Heavy metal average content such as table 7 in the dewatered sludge slag that continuous 3 experiments obtain.
The weight in wet base and the dry weight (Kg) of the dewatered sludge slag that continuous 3 experiments of table 6 obtain
| Sequence number | The primary sludge source | The primary sludge weight in wet base | Dewatered sludge slag weight in wet base | Dewatered sludge slag dry weight |
| 1 | Sewage work | 2.0 | 0.713 | 0.409 |
| 2 | Sewage work | 2.0 | 0.872 | 0.416 |
| 3 | Sewage work | 2.0 | 0.653 | 0.382 |
Heavy metal content and contrast (mg/Kg) in the dewatered sludge slag that continuous 3 experiments of table 7 obtain
| Composition | Cu | Pb | Zn | Ni | Hg | Cd | Cr | As |
| Content before handling | 320 | 210.2 | 3780 | 218 | 5.6 | 3.2 | 128 | 21.5 |
| Handle back content | 0.38 | 0.80 | 3.85 | 0.72 | 0.28 | 0.66 | 0.71 | 0.17 |
| CJ-3025-93 | 250 | 300 | 500 | 100 | 5 | 5 | 600 | 75 |
Can know by table 7, after primary sludge adopts present method to handle, the highest limit value that the dewatered sludge slag of generation, heavy metal content require in municipal sewage plant's sewage sludge emission standard, this dewatered sludge slag can carry out the subsequent product deep processing to be handled.
More than show and described ultimate principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technician of the industry should understand; The present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; That describes in the foregoing description and the specification sheets just explains principle of the present invention; Under the prerequisite that does not break away from spirit and scope of the invention, the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these variations and improvement all fall in the scope of the invention that requires protection.The present invention requires protection domain to be defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (1)
1. the method for primary sludge fast dewatering and effective elimination heavy metal is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) primary sludge acidification: the primary sludge of getting urban wastewater treatment firm; Water ratio 97%～99.5%; Add entry in the mass ratio of water and primary sludge in 0.2: 1～1: 1 ratio; The mass ratio that in mass concentration is 93%～98% technical grade nitric acid and primary sludge adds technical grade nitric acid in 0.02: 1～0.2: 1 ratio, stir 5～10min after, by the mass ratio of content 92%～98% technical grade sodium hydroxide and primary sludge ratio adding technical grade sodium hydroxide in 0.02: 1～0.2: 1; Stirring reaction 5～10min processes slurries;
(2) microwave heating: slurries are heated to 30 ℃～90 ℃, heat-up time 15～120min;
(3) mechanical filter: the slurries after the microwave heating treatment are carried out solid-liquid separation and use water washing, get dewatered sludge slag and slurries, the mass ratio of washing water consumption and primary sludge 0.3: 1～1: 1, the heavy metal in the primary sludge gets in the slurries through reaction;
(4) slurries are regulated pH value to 6.0～8.5 with lime; Add 8～12gCaS and stir 25～35min to separate out heavy metal; Carrying out mechanical filter then separates; Get clear liquid and filter residue, clear liquid can be used as cycling use of water reuse to mud acidifying slurrying liquid and mechanical filter separating, washing, the Sewage treatment systems that remaining part clear liquid can be sent sewage work back to after the reuse.
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| CN101948225B true CN101948225B (en) | 2012-03-28 |
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| CN102503054A (en) * | 2011-11-02 | 2012-06-20 | 长沙华清泰污泥处理科技有限公司 | Textile dyeing sludge processing method for removing heavy metal and dehydrating |
| CN102583916A (en) * | 2012-02-09 | 2012-07-18 | 湖北鼎鑫环保科技有限公司 | Method for removing heavy metal from sludge |
| CN102674907A (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2012-09-19 | 珠海武大凝胶研究院有限公司 | Method for making fertilizer through rapid dehydration of sludge |
| CN102730812B (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2013-08-28 | 长沙矿冶研究院有限责任公司 | Pharmaceutical compound for treating wastewater containing complex heavy metals and/or radioactive substances and application of pharmaceutical compound |
| CN102964015A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-03-13 | 湖南大学 | Method for removing heavy metals Zn and Cu in dredged river sediment |
| CN104291549A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2015-01-21 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Method for enhancing sludge dewatering by combining microwaves, acids and quick lime |
| CN104803733B (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2017-10-10 | 徐利昆 | A kind of preparation method of compound fertilizer |
| CN106396302A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2017-02-15 | 江苏吉华化工有限公司 | Chemical industry sludge treatment method |
| CN108996855A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2018-12-14 | 天津壹新环保工程有限公司 | A kind of municipal wastewater sludge joint disposal method and device |
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| CN1686624A (en) * | 2005-04-29 | 2005-10-26 | 刘文治 | Household gabbage chemical stability treatment technology |
| CN101580334A (en) * | 2008-05-13 | 2009-11-18 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Method for recovering sludge phosphorus from urban sewage treatment plant |
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Address after: Yuelu District City, Yuelu province Hunan 410000 Changsha Street South Second Ring Road section of No. 518 building 3-2 No. 116 Metro sunshine 100 Patentee after: Hunan Huaqing Thai Sludge Treatment Technology Co. Ltd. Address before: Wanjiali Hunan province 410000 Changsha Yuhua District, two No. 18 Management Service Center office building four floor No. 455 Patentee before: Hunan Huaqing Thai Sludge Treatment Technology Co. Ltd. |
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