CN101945265B - Bandwidth occupancy rate based multi-program constant code rate TS flow multiplexing algorithm - Google Patents
Bandwidth occupancy rate based multi-program constant code rate TS flow multiplexing algorithm Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a bandwidth occupancy rate based multi-program constant code rate TS flow multiplexing algorithm. The method calculates reference PCR of the program at current time strictly according to the output bandwidth to ensure the stability of output bandwidth, performs audio and video multiplexing according to the ratio of the required multiplexing data in the total bandwidth to ensure uniform insertion of each path of programs, and multiplexes a plurality of coded single-program TS flows into multiple program TS flows, wherein an encoder is avoided in the multiplexing process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the digital television program transmission technique field, particularly single program stream of digital television program is multiplexed with the method for Polymera stream.
Background technology
Present TS stream multiplexing algorithm generally adopts the method for statistic multiplexing.
To the statistic multiplexing algorithm, the statistic multiplexing algorithm is the relation between code check needed according to encoder compresses and picture material, in the situation of static multiplex device output total bitrate, to a plurality ofly look, audio stream jointly controls, reach look more, audio stream reasonably shared total bitrate as far as possible.It must be encoder and multiplexer associated working, and encoder must have the function that dynamic code rate is controlled.
In present Multiplexing Technology, because the multiplexing cooperation that needs encoder, be the situation of data after coding for the single-unit order of some inputs, and be not suitable for; In this case, if adopt the method for statistic multiplexing, add decoder and encoder to carry out secondary coding to the input program, will inevitably reduce the quality of program.
Summary of the invention
In the present invention, provide a kind of method that directly a plurality of single-unit order TS streams is multiplexed with Polymera TS stream, avoided using encoder, kept picture quality.
The permanent code check TS stream of a kind of Polymera based on bandwidth usage multiplexing method is characterized by, and calculates the program current time with reference to PCR according to output bandwidth, guarantees the stability of output bandwidth; Carry out sound, video multiplex according to the ratio of required multiplex data in total bandwidth, guaranteed that each road program evenly inserts; Make a plurality of single-unit order TS streams be multiplexed with the method for Polymera TS stream, and avoid using encoder in multiplex process.
Further, described algorithm comprises the following steps:
1) calculate the program current time with reference to PCR;
2) reading out data from the SPTS file, and judge whether these data are endings of file; If judgment result is that "No" enter step 3); If judgment result is that "Yes" complete whole algorithm;
3) to whether wanting multiplexing pat table to judge, if judgment result is that "No" enter step 4); As judgment result is that "Yes" multiplexing pat table and return to step 1);
4) to whether wanting multiplexing pmt table to judge; If judgment result is that "No" enter step 5); As judgment result is that "Yes" multiplexing pmt table and return to step 1);
5) whether judgement has the voice data that needs multiplexing PID in the audio frequency list, if judgment result is that "No" enter step 6); As judgment result is that "Yes" multiplexing voice data with this PID return to step 1);
6) whether judgement has the video data that needs multiplexing PID in list of videos, if judgment result is that "No" multiplexing empty bag; As judgment result is that "Yes" multiplexing video data with this PID return to step 1);
Until step 2) "Yes" that judgment result is that in is completed whole algorithm.
Further, the computational methods of described PCR are:
PCR(i)＝PCR(0)+((total_bytes_sent+10)*8)/total_bit_rate。
Wherein:
PCR (i) is if the value of the PCR that inserts;
PCR (0) is the counting of beginning 27M clock when multiplexing, is traditionally arranged to be 0;
Total_bytes_sent is from beginning to be multiplexed into current MPTS the total amount of byte of multiplexing TS;
Last position in adjusting field of the 10th, PCR;
Total_bit_rate is the total bitrate of our the MPTS output that arranges, the code check of the Polymera TS that namely will export;
The 8th, byte conversion is become the position.
Further, come determining step 3 by the PSI/SI form insert module of use) and 4), and draw the conclusion that whether needs multiplexing PAT or pmt table.
Further, step 5) and 6) described in multiplexing total principle of audio or video be that code check shared ratio in the total bitrate of MPTS of frame audio or video every according to this itself carries out multiplexing:
The computing formula that this frame code check of a certain PID audio or video accounts for the ratio of total bitrate is:
Ratio_rate(pid)＝bit_rate(pid)/total_bit_rate。
Wherein bit_rate (pid) is for specifying the code check of the current participation multiplexed frame of PID;
Total_bit_rate is the total bitrate of our the MPTS output that arranges, the code check of the Polymera TS that namely will export;
This PID multiplexing data account for MPTS the computing formula of the ratio of multiplexing total data be:
Ratio_sent(pid)＝Bytes_send(pid)/total_bytes_sent。
Wherein said Bytes_send (pid) is multiplexing byte number of this PID, and total_bytes_sent is multiplexing total bytes of MPTS; If Ratio_sent (pid) more than or equal to Ratio_rate (pid), just stops the data of multiplexing this PID.
Further, described video is being carried out when multiplexing, needing the priority relationship between each PID video of judgement, and at first multiplexingly thirsting for most the video that is re-used.
Further, if the part in described video is variable code rate, i.e. VBR, the video of a plurality of PID satisfies simultaneously:
Ratio_sent(pid)＜Ratio_rate(pid)。
Namely the video of a plurality of PID need to be re-used, and needs to find out to thirst for being re-used most the PID video; The serious hope degree algorithm of the PID video that need to be re-used is as follows:
Desiration(pid)＝Ratio_sent(pid)/Ratio_rate(pid)。
Desiration (pid) value is less, shows more to thirst for being re-used; Each minimum PID of this value that takes out is as this multiplexing PID.
Further, need to recomputate once instantaneous code check to every frame or several frame data of described variable code rate video.
Further, the computing formula of a described instantaneous code check of frame variable code rate video data is:
Temp_bitrate(pid)＝ts_bytes_current_frame(pid)*8/duration_current_frame(pid)。
Wherein:
Ts_bytes_current_frame (pid) is the byte number of all TS bags of this PID present frame;
Duration_current_frame (pid) is the time spans of these frame data in MPTS.
Further, in the situation that variable code rate, the computing formula of described duration_current_frame (pid) is:
duration_current_frame(pid)＝DTS_next(pid)-current_pcr-Video_Distance(DTS-PCR)。
Wherein:
DTS_next (pid) is the current DTS that will send the next frame of frame;
Current_pcr is the PCR in the multiplexing moment;
Video_Distance (DTS-PCR) is the initial DTS that arranges and the interval between PCR.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of multiplexing method disclosed in this invention.
Embodiment
as shown in Figure 1, in the present invention, disclosed algorithm comprises the following steps: calculate the program current time with reference to PCR, then reading out data from the SPTS file, after reading out data, at first judge whether these data are endings of file, if not, need whether to want multiplexing pat table to judge to it, if judgment result is that "Yes", multiplexing pat table and turn back to and calculate current PC R step, if judgment result is that "No", continue judge whether it needs multiplexing pmt table lattice, if judgment result is that "Yes", multiplexing pmt table and turn back to calculating current PC R step, if judgment result is that "No", continue to judge whether to have in the audio frequency list and need multiplexing PID, if judgment result is that "Yes", the voice data of multiplexing this PID and turn back to and calculate current PC R step, if judgment result is that "No", continue to judge whether to have in list of videos and need multiplexing PID, if judgment result is that "Yes", the video data of multiplexing this PID and turn back to and calculate current PC R step, if judgment result is that "No", multiplexing sky wraps, and the initial calculating current PC R step of the program that turns back to, in the step that judges whether " having read EOF " subsequently, the result that obtains is "Yes", complete whole algorithm.
The computational methods of the relevant parameter in above-mentioned algorithm are as follows:
At first, by following PCR computing module, calculate the value of the PCR of each time:
When multi program multiplex, generally the bandwidth of the MPTS of output is set to fixed-bandwidth.The value of the PCR of each time can be calculated by following formula like this:
PCR(i)＝PCR(0)+((total_bytes_sent+10)*8)/total_bit_rate。
Wherein:
PCR (i) is if the value of the PCR that inserts.
PCR (0) is the counting of beginning 27M clock when multiplexing, generally can arrange 0.
Total_bytes_sent is from beginning to be multiplexed into current MPTS the total amount of byte of multiplexing TS.
Last position in adjusting field of the 10th, PCR.
Total_bit_rate is the total bitrate of our the MPTS output that arranges, the code check of the Polymera TS that namely will export.
The 8th, for byte conversion being become position (lower same).
Next step, need to judge whether multiplexing PAT or pmt table with following PSI/SI form insert module:
In the DVB standard, different forms has been stipulated different transmission intervals.We can send according to the time of current TS bag the control at interval.Deduct the time of TS bag when sending form last time with time of current bag, if this interval interval greater than our appointment (the transmission interval less than the form requirement is generally got at this interval) just sends form one time.Every 500ms sends once as DVB regulation pat table, and we can arrange to send and be spaced apart 400ms.
Then, the benchmark that uses the DTS/PTS computing module to judge as the time:
DTS/PTS has described decode time and the displaying time of ES stream, for video, different according to the IBP frame type and different, the DTS of I frame (decoded time stamp) and PTS (displaying time stamp) are general identical with PTS or early than PTS, the DTS of P frame is generally early than PTS, and generally only having PTS in the B frame, its DTS is identical with PTS.For audio frequency, only have PTS, DTS is identical with PTS in expression.
For DTS, if its value with respect to PCR too early, will cause the overflow of buffering area, if too late, be equal to or less than system clock, will cause underflow, be a very crucial problem so select a suitable difference between DTS and PCR.For video, a vbv_delay is arranged in the image head of each ES, it is used for arranging the buffering area of decoder, to avoid decoder buffer overflow or underflow.Generally we get this difference and are:
0＜Video_Distance(DTS-PCR)＜＝vbv_delay。
Every frame video data vbv_delay value is generally the 700ms left and right, may be also a value that constantly changes.
For audio frequency, according to the experiment situation, generally get
0＜Audio_Distance(DTS-PCR)＜＝90ms。
Note, in the equation above, DTS need to convert time value to divided by 90K.The below uses the place of DTS and does identical processing.
At last, according to the description in the DTS/PTS computing module, be combined with following whether the audio frequency interleaving block judges has needs multiplexing in the Voice ﹠ Video list the PID that looks.
For each program stream, need first audio frequency and video to be separated.
It is multiplexing that the total principle of program stream interlace-multiplex is that code check shared ratio in the total bitrate of MPTS of frame audio or video every according to this itself carries out, and the computing formula that this frame code check of a certain PID audio or video accounts for the ratio of total bitrate is:
Ratio_rate(pid)＝bit_rate(pid)/total_bit_rate。
Wherein bit_rate (pid) is for specifying the code check of the current participation multiplexed frame of PID.
This PID multiplexing data account for MPTS the computing formula of the ratio of multiplexing total data be:
Ratio_sent(pid)＝Bytes_send(pid)/total_bytes_sent。
Wherein Bytes_send (pid) is multiplexing byte number of this PID, and total_bytes_sent is multiplexing total bytes of MPTS.If Ratio_sent (pid) more than or equal to Ratio_rate (pid), just stops the data of multiplexing this PID.
Audio frequency
In multiplex process, preferential audio frequency to all SPTS to carry out multiplexing, this is because audio frequency is permanent code check.Its DTS value needs and the basic keeping parallelism of PCR.
The buffering area of audio frequency is less, and fluctuation requires stricter than video to data.
In addition, because for video, the ratio that audio frequency accounts for is too little, so the priority of the audio frequency of each SPTS between carrying out need not considering when multiplexing.
Video
If the video of all SPTS is all permanent code check, can the issue of priority do not considered each other the same as audio frequency.If it is variable code rate (VBR) that video is arranged, and the video of a plurality of PID satisfies simultaneously:
Ratio_sent(pid)＜Ratio_rate(pid)。
Be also that video with regard to a plurality of PID need to be re-used, at this moment just need to carry out the queuing of priority to these videos that need to be re-used, find out the video of thirsting for that PID of being re-used most and come, multiplexing at first.The serious hope degree algorithm of the PID video that need to be re-used is as follows:
Desiration(pid)＝Ratio_sent(pid)/Ratio_rate(pid)。
Desiration (pid) value is less, shows more to thirst for being re-used.We take out the minimum PID of this value as this multiplexing PID at every turn.
For the video of variable code rate, need every frame or a few frame (as a GOP) data to recomputate once instantaneous code check, take frame data as example, the computing formula of instantaneous code check is:
Temp_bitrate(pid)＝ts_bytes_current_frame(pid)*8/duration_current_frame(pi?d)
Wherein ts_bytes_current_frame (pid) is the byte number of all TS bags of this PID present frame, duration_current_frame (pid) is the time spans of these frame data in MPTS, consider in the situation of variable code rate, the previous frame data might take the space of next frame data, duration_current_frame (pid) should directly not get the interval between the DTS of two frame data, and computing formula is:
duration_current_frame(pid)＝DTS_next(pid)-current_pcr-Video_Distance(DTS-PCR)。
DTS_next (pid) is the current DTS that will send the next frame of frame, and current_pcr is the PCR in the multiplexing moment.Video_Distance (DTS-PCR) is the DTS of our initial setting and the interval between PCR.
The present invention is based on and encoded video/audio data are carried out multiplexing, guaranteed the not loss of quality of former video/audio, also reduced the implementation complexity of system simultaneously.
Compare with existing multiplexing algorithm, the present invention is not the system clock according to multiplexing equipment, but calculates in strict accordance with output bandwidth when calculating PCR, guaranteed the stability of output bandwidth; Carrying out audio frequency and video when multiplexing, the ratio in total bandwidth carries out multiplexingly according to every frame or several frame data, has guaranteed that each road program evenly inserts, and needn't use encoder in multiplex process.
For the use of PCR, can use independent PCR by each program when multiplexing, also can share PCR by a plurality of programs.
Can significantly find out difference between the present invention and prior art by following table:
Claims (9)
1. the permanent code check TS stream of the Polymera based on a bandwidth usage multiplexing method, is characterized by: calculate the program current time with reference to PCR according to output bandwidth, guarantee the stability of output bandwidth; Carry out sound, video multiplex according to the ratio of required multiplex data in total bandwidth, guaranteed that each road program evenly inserts; The method makes a plurality of single-unit order TS streams be multiplexed with Polymera TS stream, and avoids using encoder in multiplex process, specifically comprises the following steps:
1) calculate the program current time with reference to PCR;
2) reading out data from single-unit order TS stream SPTS file, and judge whether these data are endings of file; If judgment result is that "No" enter step 3); If judgment result is that "Yes" complete whole algorithm;
3) to whether wanting multiplexing pat table to judge, if judgment result is that "No" enter step 4); As judgment result is that "Yes" multiplexing pat table and return to step 1);
4) to whether wanting multiplexing pmt table to judge; If judgment result is that "No" enter step 5); As judgment result is that "Yes" multiplexing pmt table and return to step 1);
5) whether judgement has the voice data that needs multiplexing PID in the audio frequency list, if judgment result is that "No" enter step 6); As judgment result is that "Yes" is multiplexing and have the voice data of this PID and return to step 1);
6) whether judgement has the video data that needs multiplexing PID in list of videos, if judgment result is that "No" multiplexing empty bag; As judgment result is that "Yes" is multiplexing and have the video data of this PID and return to step 1);
Until step 2) "Yes" that judgment result is that in is completed whole algorithm.
2. method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: the computational methods of described PCR are:
PCR(i)＝PCR(0)+((total_bytes_sent+10)*8)/total_bit_rate；
Wherein:
PCR (i) is the value of the PCR that will insert;
PCR (0) is the counting of beginning 27M clock when multiplexing, generally can arrange 0;
Total_bytes_sent is current from beginning to be multiplexed into, the total amount of byte of multiplexing TS in Polymera TS stream MPTS;
Last position in adjusting field of the 10th, PCR;
The total bitrate that total_bit_rate exports for the Polymera TS stream MPTS that arranges, the code check of the Polymera TS that namely will export;
The 8th, be used for byte conversion is become the position.
3. method described in claim 1, is characterized by: by coming determining step 3 with PSI/SI form insert module) and 4), and draw the conclusion that whether needs multiplexing PAT or pmt table.
4. method described in claim 1, is characterized by: step 5) and 6) described in multiplexing total principle of audio or video be that code check shared ratio in the total bitrate of Polymera TS stream MPTS according to every frame audio or video itself carries out multiplexing;
The computing formula that this frame code check of a certain PID audio or video accounts for the ratio of total bitrate is:
Ratio_rate(pid)＝bit_rate(pid)/total_bit_rate；
Wherein bit_rate (pid) is for specifying the code check of the current participation multiplexed frame of PID;
The total bitrate that total_bit_rate exports for the MPTS Polymera TS stream that arranges, the code check of the Polymera TS that namely will export;
This PID multiplexing data account for MPTS the computing formula of the ratio of multiplexing total data be:
Ratio_sent(pid)＝Bytes_send(pid)/total_bytes_sent；
Wherein said Bytes_send (pid) is multiplexing byte number of this PID, and total_bytes_sent is multiplexing total bytes of MPTS; If Ratio_sent (pid) more than or equal to Ratio_rate (pid), just stops the data of multiplexing this PID.
According to claim 1 described in method, it is characterized by: described video is being carried out when multiplexing, needing the priority relationship between each PID video of judgement, and at first multiplexingly thirsting for most the video that is re-used.
According to claim 5 described in method, it is characterized by: if the part in described video is variable code rate, i.e. VBR, the video of a plurality of PID satisfies simultaneously:
Ratio_sent(pid)＜Ratio_rate(pid)；
Namely the video of a plurality of PID need to be re-used, and needs to find out to thirst for being re-used most the PID video; The serious hope degree algorithm of the PID video that need to be re-used is as follows:
Desiration(pid)＝Ratio_sent(pid)/Ratio_rate(pid)；
Desiration (pid) value is less, shows more to thirst for being re-used; Each minimum PID of this value that takes out is as this multiplexing PID.
According to claim 6 described in method, it is characterized by: need to recomputate once instantaneous code check to every frame or several frame data of described variable code rate video.
According to claim 7 described in method, it is characterized by: the computing formula of a described instantaneous code check of frame variable code rate video data is:
Temp_bitrate(pid)＝ts_bytes_current_frame(pid)*8/duration_current_frame(pid)；
Wherein:
Ts_bytes_current_frame (pid) is the byte number of all TS bags of this PID present frame;
Duration_current_frame (pid) is the time spans of these frame data in Polymera TS stream MPTS.
According to claim 8 described in method, it is characterized by: in the situation that variable code rate, the computing formula of described duration_current_frame (pid) is:
duration_current_frame(pid)＝DTS_next(pid)-current_pcr-Video_Distance(DTS-PCR)；
Wherein:
DTS_next (pid) is the current decoded time stamp DTS that will send the next frame of frame;
Current_pcr is the PCR in the multiplexing moment;
Video_Distance (DTS-PCR) is the initial DTS that arranges and the interval between PCR.
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