CN101942603A - 600MPa-level ultra-low silicon cold rolling hot galvanizing dual-phase steel and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
600MPa-level ultra-low silicon cold rolling hot galvanizing dual-phase steel and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses 600MPa-level ultra-low silicon cold rolling hot galvanizing dual-phase steel and a preparation process. The dual-phase steel contains the following chemical components in the weight percentage (wt.%): 0.03-0.16 percent of C, less than 0.02 percent of Si, 1.2-2.2 percent of Mn, 0.2-0.6 percent of Cr, less than 0.015 percent of S, less than 0.020 percent of P, 0.01-0.08 percent of Als and the balance of Fe. The preparation process comprises the following steps of: (1) smelting the chemical compositions in a claim 1 to obtain a cast slab; (2) carrying out heating and hot rolling on the cast slab to obtain a hot-rolled plate; (3) carrying out acid washing and then cold rolling on the hot-rolled plate to manufacture a cold-rolled sheet, wherein the cold rolling down rate is 45-80 percent; and (4) carrying out hot galvanizing annealing on the cold-rolled sheet to prepare a finished steel plate. The dual-phase steel has the characteristics of high strength, low cost, low carbon equivalent, ultra-low silicon and good surface quality and is suitable for automobile steel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of 600MPa level ultralow silicon cold rolling hot dip galvanizing dual phase steel and preparation technology thereof, Si content belongs to cold-rolled high-strength automotive sheet technical field less than cold-rolled biphase steel and the preparation technology thereof of 0.02wt% in particularly a kind of steel.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the energy, resource and environmental problem are serious day by day, automobile lightweight, loss of weight be energy-conservation, reduce discharging has become inexorable trend.Aspect automobile steel, adopt high-strength and super-high strength steel plate to become the direction that Hyundai Motor manufacturing concern and steel manufacturing enterprise make joint efforts in large quantities, thereby constantly research and develop out advanced high-strength steel such as other dual phase steel of different intensity scale (DP steel), TRIP steel, its application quantity is also improving constantly.The development trend of automobile steel is towards having high formability energy, high-strength or superelevation has both by force and the young mobile of lower cost develops with the metallurgy of steel and Materials science and production application technical study, instruct the metallurgical technology control techniques of new automobile plate and the exploitation of shaping utilisation technology with this, with the demand of the social sustainable development of complying with Hyundai Motor safety, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Steel sheet is the base mateiral that the Hyundai Motor car body is made, and accounts for whole automobiles 50～60% of material.ULSAB-AVC ultra-light steel car body by 35 tame international iron and steel corporation joint developments, adopt the ratio of high-strength steel to surpass 90%, make car body loss of weight about 25%, wherein the cold-rolled biphase steel of each intensity rank (DP steel) usage quantity reaches 80%, in European eight kinds of prize-winning car models in 2007, adopt the ratio of advanced high-strength steel to reach 49～74%.In January, 2010, the statistics of China Association for Automobile Manufacturers showed that China's automobile production and marketing in 2009 is finished 1379.1 ten thousand and 1364.5 ten thousand respectively, increases by 48% and 46% on year-on-year basis respectively, had surpassed the U.S. and Japan, became the first in the world automobile production and country of consumption.Estimate about 1600～1,800 ten thousand of Chinese automobile turnout in 2010, year all kinds of auto sheet of consumption are above 2,000 ten thousand tons.
Dual phase steel is to use the matrix material reinforcement theory to carry out alloy designs, and its ultimate principle is to utilize a mixture, relies on this mixture to make the advantage of each phase obtain performance as far as possible, and the shortcoming that makes them simultaneously is owing to the existence of other phase reduces or eliminates.The size of second phase, distribution, shape and volume fraction directly influence and are controlling the mechanical property of dual phase steel, and this also provides the metallurgical handiness that reaches best mechanical property for dual phase steel to a certain extent.Dual phase steel is exactly a model who carries out alloy designs under this guidance of principle.This class steel is introduced high ductile ferrite with martensite (carrying component) and is strengthened, and the biphase ratio is then according to the requirement of dual phase steel over-all properties is determined.
Because Si is a ferrite former, be easy to the ferrite dissolving, and can improve C, the Mn partial potential in ferrite effectively, in the two-phase region annealing process, C, the Mn transfer in austenite is significantly quickened in the interpolation of Si, thereby has increased austenitic stability indirectly.In addition, Si can also improve the intensity of dual phase steel with the form of solution strengthening.Therefore, the Si content of at present domestic and international hot dip galvanized dual phase steel is usually between 0.02～0.15%, to utilize the favorable factor of Si, but, high Si content can be shaped thicker iron scale and red rust, thereby directly worsen the surface quality and the coating performance of steel plate, this point should especially be paid attention to for hot-dip galvanizing sheet steel.Simultaneously, reduce, thereby influence coating performance, forming property and the welding property of heat zinc coating plate because the quality of coating of heat zinc coating plate and zinc layer sticking power increase with the silicon content in the substrate.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of 600MPa level ultralow silicon cold rolling hot dip galvanizing dual phase steel and preparation technology thereof, and this dual phase steel is applicable to automobile steel, has the characteristics of high strength, low cost, low-carbon-equivalent, ultralow silicon, excellent surface quality.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
The ultralow silicon cold rolling hot dip galvanizing of 600MPa level provided by the invention dual phase steel, its by weight percentage (wt.%) chemical ingredients be:
C:0.03%～0.16%, Si＜0.02%, Mn:1.2%～2.2%, Cr:0.2%～0.6%, S＜0.015%, P＜0.020%, Als:0.01%～0.08%, surplus is Fe.
The preparation technology of the ultralow silicon cold rolling hot dip galvanizing of 600MPa level provided by the invention dual phase steel comprises the steps:
(1) according to described chemical ingredients process smelting procedure, obtains block;
(2) with the heating of described block process, hot-rolled process, make hot-rolled sheet, wherein, Heating temperature is 1150～1280 ℃, and final rolling temperature is 1150～970 ℃, and hot rolling finishing temperature is 750～920 ℃, and coiling temperature is 550～740 ℃;
(3) described hot-rolled sheet is cold rolling after overpickling, make cold rolled sheet; Cold rolling draft is 45% to 80%;
(4) with described cold rolled sheet process hot dip galvanizing annealing process, produce the finished product steel plate; Wherein, 1～10 ℃/s of rate of heating, the annealing soaking time is 25～100s, 460 ℃ of zinc-plated temperature, zinc-plated time 10～30s.
Further, described annealing temperature is 720～820 ℃.
Described fast speed of cooling is 15～35 ℃/s.
Described whole speed of cooling is＞15 ℃/s.
600MPa level ultralow silicon cold rolling hot dip galvanizing dual phase steel provided by the invention and preparation technology thereof, on the basis that guarantees mechanical property and forming property, adopt the composition design of low C, low Mn, low Cr and ultralow Si, do not add alloying elements such as Mo, Nb, V, Ti, adopt flexible annealing technology simultaneously, optimize ferrite and martensite two-phase proportion, obtain best compatibility mutually, finally obtain the 600MPa grade cold rolling hot dip galvanizing dual phase steel of different mechanical properties feature by control two-phase difference of hardness.
Each alloying element shows as the effect of dual phase steel:
The solubleness of C in austenite is much larger than the solubleness in ferrite, and it can prolong the incubation period before the austenitic transformation effectively, increases austenitic low-temperature stability.The content of C element also directly has influence on after the continuous annealing in the dual phase steel in fraction of martensite volume, the martensite content of C and the structure type of Ma Shi.Effective control of dual phase steel intensity can realize that C content increases by adjusting C content, and the intensity of dual phase steel significantly increases, but the elongation deterioration, and welding property is not good.In order to guarantee the comprehensive mechanical property of dual phase steel, reduce the C content of dual phase steel as much as possible, in the technical program C content is controlled in 0.03%～0.16% scope.
Si is a ferrite former, be easy to the ferrite dissolving, and can improve C, the Mn partial potential in ferrite effectively, in the two-phase region annealing process, C, the Mn transfer in austenite is significantly quickened in the interpolation of Si, thereby has increased austenitic stability indirectly.Si makes ferrite fully " purification ", the generation of thick carbide when having avoided a large amount of gaps solid solution of C in ferrite and cooling.Si also can enlarge the α+γ district of Fe-C phasor, widens the heat treated temperature range of two-phase region, helps keeping the stability and the circulation ratio of dual phase steel mechanical property.But, high Si content can be shaped thicker iron scale and red rust, thus directly worsen the surface quality and the coating performance of steel plate, and this point should especially be paid attention to for hot-dip galvanizing sheet steel.Simultaneously, because the quality of coating of heat zinc coating plate and zinc layer sticking power increase with the silicon content in the substrate and reduce, therefore, for the quality of coating that improves steel plate should reduce silicone content in the steel as far as possible, in the technical solution of the present invention Si content is designed to＜0.02% super low loading.
Mn is an austenite stabilizer element, can effectively improve the hardening capacity on austenite island, thereby after reducing the two-phase region heating, in the process of cooling the necessary rate of cooling of the duplex structure that obtains.Mn also can reduce the solid solution C in the ferrite, impels C to shift in austenite, purifies ferrite matrix when improving austenite hardening capacity, thereby improves the ductility of dual phase steel, and therefore, Mn has vital role to the formation of two-phase steel organization.If but the Mn too high levels then can reduce the activity of carbon in the austenite, can promote the formation of carbide on the contrary, and high Mn content tends to cause the casting segregation, causes the rolling strip-type tissue.
The hardening capacity on the austenite island that forms when Cr can improve two-phase region annealing promotes austenite to martensitic transformation, and can improve martensitic temper resistance.
The strong stable austenite of Mo avoids austenite to perlitic transformation strongly, to form two-way organize very favourable.But Mo costs an arm and a leg, and considers from economic benefit, does not add Mo in this programme.
Al and the Si position in the periodic table of elements is close, so the interpolation of Al and Si have similar action, replaces Si with Al, helps plate surface quality and coating performance.But row's carbon effect of Al than Si a little less than, the ability of its solution strengthening is also lower, thereby the addition of Al is higher.Al too high levels in the steel in casting process, easily forms the stable compound aluminum oxide, causes the nozzle clogging of tundish.
In sum, the ultralow silicon cold rolling hot dip galvanizing of 600MPa level provided by the invention dual phase steel is the basis with the C-Mn-Cr alloy, does not choose expensive alloy element Mo, has reduced manufacturing cost; Consider the bigger influence that high Al composition comes smelting procedure simultaneously, and inclusion is difficult to control, therefore not with Al as main adding elements.
The ultralow silicon cold rolling hot dip galvanizing of 600MPa level provided by the invention dual phase steel is compared with other HSLA steel (low-alloy high-tensile structural steel) of equality strength level, and the stress-strain relation of dual phase steel has following characteristics:
(1) lower yield strength.Low yield strength makes punch be easy to be shaped, and resilience is little, and the wearing and tearing of press tool simultaneously are also less.Certainly, give a spot of viscous deformation, dual phase steel just can reach higher intensity.The tensile strength that dual phase steel is high can make member have higher hat-shaped structure conquassation drag and impact energy absorption ability.
(2) do not have physics yield-point and yield extension district, stress-strain(ed) curve is level and smooth arch, and this can be avoided because therefore Lv Desi slip band and shaping piece surface wrinkling adopt the part of dual phase steel punching press not need additional surfaces finishing operation.
(3) dual phase steel has higher initial manufacture sclerosis value, and its stress-strain(ed) curve has long plateau region near ultimate load, covered the broad range of strain, shows that the necking down that dual phase steel forms when unilateral stretching spreads.Therefore, the good homogeneous elongation makes dual phase steel in stamping process, is not prone to partial fracture.
(4) dual phase steel has good baking hardenability.This makes the yield strength of formation of parts be further enhanced in the baking vanish operation, makes member in use have higher impression drag or higher hat-shaped structure collapse energy-absorption.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art, will do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art below.
Fig. 1 is hot dip galvanizing process synoptic diagram among the ultralow silicon cold rolling hot dip galvanizing of the 600MPa level of the present invention dual phase steel preparation technology;
Fig. 2 is the stress-strain(ed) curve of production board after the ultralow silicon cold rolling hot dip galvanizing of 600MPa level of the present invention dual phase steel preparation technology's the pot galvanize;
Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are the microstructure of production board after the ultralow silicon cold rolling hot dip galvanizing of 600MPa level of the present invention dual phase steel preparation technology's the pot galvanize.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing of the present invention, technical scheme of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment only is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills belong to the scope of protection of the invention not making the every other embodiment that is obtained under the creative work prerequisite.
The ultralow silicon cold rolling hot dip galvanizing of 600MPa level provided by the invention dual phase steel, (wt%) its chemical ingredients is by weight percentage:
C:0.03%～0.16%, Si＜0.02%, Mn:1.2%～2.2%, Cr:0.2%～0.6%, S＜0.015%, P＜0.020%, Als:0.01%～0.08%, surplus is Fe.
The ultralow silicon cold rolling hot dip galvanizing of 600MPa level provided by the invention dual phase steel, adopt ultralow silicon (Si＜0.02%) alloy system, add cheap Cr and do not add alloying elements such as Mo, Nb, V, Ti, reduced production cost, and design low-carbon-equivalent alloy system finally provides the cold rolled automobile steel of high strength, low cost, low-carbon-equivalent, ultralow silicon, excellent surface quality to improve welding property; Its tensile strength is between 610～670MPa, and elongation is between 20～26%, and the baking hardening value reaches 71MPa, has room temperature stability preferably simultaneously.
The preparation technology of the ultralow silicon cold rolling hot dip galvanizing of 600MPa level provided by the invention dual phase steel comprises the steps:
(1) according to described chemical ingredients process smelting procedure, obtains block;
Described smelting procedure comprises the steps:
Molten iron is carried out desulfurization handle, the desulphurised hot metal sulphur content is less than 0.002%; 1680～1710 ℃ of tapping temperatures, the tapping pushing off the slag; Molten steel overheat≤30 ℃; Steel billet straightening temperature 〉=950 ℃.
Through smelting procedure, make the dual phase steel slab of following chemical ingredients (wt.%):
| C | Si | Mn | Cr | P | S | Als | N |
| 0.087 | 0.01 | 1.69 | 0.35 | 0.007 | 0.0045 | 0.0035 | 0.0023 |
(2) with the heating of described block process, hot-rolled process, make hot-rolled sheet, wherein, Heating temperature is 1150～1280 ℃, and final rolling temperature is 1150～970 ℃, and hot rolling finishing temperature is 750～920 ℃, and coiling temperature is 550～740 ℃;
In described heating, hot-rolled process, the actual following controlled temperature (T/ ℃) of taking:
| Hot-rolled sheet | Heating temperature | The finish rolling start rolling temperature | Finishing temperature | Coiling temperature | Hot rolling thickness |
| A | 1255 | 1050 | 870～910 | 640～660 | 3.75mm |
| B | 1253 | 1106 | 890～905 | 660～680 | 4.00mm |
| C | 1245 | 1093 | 900～915 | 655～680 | 4.25mm |
| D | 1255 | 1100 | 890～900 | 650～670 | 4.25mm |
(3) described hot-rolled sheet is cold rolling after overpickling, make cold rolled sheet; Cold rolling draft is 45% to 80%;
(4) with described cold rolled sheet process hot dip galvanizing annealing process, produce the finished product steel plate; As shown in Figure 1, be the hot dip galvanizing process synoptic diagram; Wherein, rate of heating: 1～10 ℃/s, annealing temperature is 720～820 ℃, and the annealing soaking time is 25～100s, fast 15～35 ℃/s of speed of cooling, and 460 ℃ of zinc-plated temperature, zinc-plated time 10～30s, whole speed of cooling is＞15 ℃/s.
Described cold rolled sheet is through the stress-strain(ed) curve behind the hot dip galvanizing annealing process, as shown in Figure 2; Described cold rolled sheet is through the microstructure behind the hot dip galvanizing annealing process, as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4.
Described hot dip galvanizing process, actually take following parameter setting scheme:
| Scheme | Heating temperature | Soaking time | Fast speed of cooling | Zinc-plated parameter | Whole speed of cooling |
| 1 | 760℃ | 50s | 16℃/s | 460℃，20s | 18℃/s |
| 2 | 780℃ | 40s | 18℃/s | 460℃，15s | 20℃/s |
| 3 | 800℃ | 30s | 20℃/s | 460℃，12s | 25℃/s |
Mechanical property after described cold rolled sheet is annealed through pot galvanize is as follows:
| Specimen coding | R p0.2/MPa | R m/MPa | A 50/％ | r | n | Yield tensile ratio |
| DP1 | 375 | 650 | 24.5 | 1.05 | 0.175 | 0.58 |
| DP2 | 365 | 640 | 21.0 | 1.00 | 0.175 | 0.57 |
| DP3 | 370 | 640 | 20.0 | 1.00 | 0.175 | 0.58 |
| DP4 | 365 | 615 | 25.0 | 1.00 | 0.180 | 0.59 |
| DP5 | 365 | 610 | 24.0 | 1.00 | 0.180 | 0.60 |
| DP6 | 365 | 610 | 26.0 | 0.95 | 0.180 | 0.60 |
| DP7 | 370 | 620 | 23.5 | 0.80 | 0.180 | 0.60 |
| DP8 | 365 | 620 | 23.0 | 0.85 | 0.185 | 0.59 |
| DP9 | 365 | 620 | 22.5 | 0.85 | 0.180 | 0.59 |
| DP10 | 360 | 615 | 25.0 | 1.10 | 0.185 | 0.59 |
| DP11 | 355 | 615 | 24.5 | 1.05 | 0.185 | 0.58 |
| DP12 | 355 | 615 | 24.5 | 1.15 | 0.185 | 0.58 |
| DP13 | 370 | 665 | 21.5 | 0.90 | 0.175 | 0.56 |
| DP14 | 380 | 670 | 24.0 | 1.05 | 0.180 | 0.57 |
Wherein, the n value is between 0.175～0.185, and the r value is between 0.85～1.15.
Described finished product steel plate is through baking hardening and room-temperature aging pH-value determination pH, and the result is as follows:
As can be seen from the above table, the baking hardening ideal reaches 71MPa; The room-temperature aging value is very low, illustrates that the trial-production dual phase steel has room temperature stability preferably.
The above; only be the specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, anyly is familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; can expect easily changing or replacing, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion by described protection domain with claim.
Claims (5)
1. the ultralow silicon cold rolling hot dip galvanizing of a 600MPa level dual phase steel is characterized in that, its by weight percentage (wt.%) chemical ingredients be:
C:0.03%～0.16%, Si＜0.02%, Mn:1.2%～2.2%, Cr:0.2%～0.6%, S＜0.015%, P＜0.020%, Als:0.01%～0.08%, surplus is Fe.
2. the preparation technology of the ultralow silicon cold rolling hot dip galvanizing of a 600MPa level dual phase steel is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) according to the described chemical ingredients process of claim 1 smelting procedure, obtains block;
(2) with the heating of described block process, hot-rolled process, make hot-rolled sheet, wherein, Heating temperature is 1150～1280 ℃, and final rolling temperature is 1150～970 ℃, and hot rolling finishing temperature is 750～920 ℃, and coiling temperature is 550～740 ℃;
(3) described hot-rolled sheet is cold rolling after overpickling, make cold rolled sheet; Cold rolling draft is 45% to 80%;
(4) with described cold rolled sheet process hot dip galvanizing annealing process, produce the finished product steel plate; Wherein, rate of heating: 1～10 ℃/s, the annealing holding temperature is 720～820 ℃, and the annealing soaking time is 25～100s, 460 ℃ of zinc-plated temperature, zinc-plated time 10～30s.
3. the preparation technology of the ultralow silicon cold rolling hot dip galvanizing of 600MPa level according to claim 2 dual phase steel is characterized in that described annealing temperature is 720～820 ℃.
4. the preparation technology of the ultralow silicon cold rolling hot dip galvanizing of 600MPa level according to claim 2 dual phase steel is characterized in that described fast speed of cooling is 15～35 ℃/s.
5. the preparation technology of the ultralow silicon cold rolling hot dip galvanizing of 600MPa level according to claim 2 dual phase steel is characterized in that described whole speed of cooling is＞15 ℃/s.
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