CN101906992A - Mine Dust Concentration Monitoring System Based on Wireless Sensor Network - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开一种基于无线传感器网络的矿井粉尘浓度监测系统，包括：若干个传感器检测节点群，每个传感器检测节点群设置有若干个基本传感器节点，各基本传感器节点包括粉尘浓度传感器、末级微控制器及末级ZigBee收发器；路由器节点群，其中的路由器节点包括二级微控制器与三级ZigBee收发器；汇集结点，包括一级微控制器与二级ZigBee收发器或总线驱动模块；上位机系统，包括PC机或可持移动PDA设备、一级ZigBee收发器或总线驱动模块。本发明不需要任何固定网络的支持，具有快速展开、抗毁性强等特点；能够使用户在任何时间、地点和任何环境条件下获取大量详实而可靠的粉尘浓度信息。
The invention discloses a mine dust concentration monitoring system based on a wireless sensor network, comprising: several sensor detection node groups, each sensor detection node group is provided with several basic sensor nodes, and each basic sensor node includes a dust concentration sensor, a final stage Microcontrollers and final ZigBee transceivers; router node groups, where router nodes include second-level microcontrollers and third-level ZigBee transceivers; aggregation nodes, including first-level microcontrollers and second-level ZigBee transceivers or bus drivers Module; upper computer system, including PC or portable mobile PDA equipment, first-class ZigBee transceiver or bus driver module. The invention does not need the support of any fixed network, and has the characteristics of rapid deployment and strong invulnerability; it enables users to obtain a large amount of detailed and reliable dust concentration information at any time, place and under any environmental conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the safety monitoring system that uses in the manufacturing process of mine, particularly a kind of monitoring system of mine well powder concentration.
Background technology
Mine Dust is meant the general name of fine solid particles such as coal that the colliery produces in process of production, rock.Each production link under the coal mine all may produce dust, as jewel hole, explosive blasting, development machine driving, coal-winning machine coal cutting, the supporting caving of coalingging, mine, roadway support, loading transportation reprinting and unload lift etc.Dust harzard can not only make coal miner get pneumoconiosis, and easily explosion caused, causes serious accident.According to statistics by 2009, in the 63.9 ten thousand pneumoconiosis cases of the whole nation, 89.37% case is miner's pneumoconiosis, and with the speed increase of about 10,000 examples in every year, more than dead every year on average 2500 people.China's coal-mine generally has coal-dust explosion danger.Former state-owned emphasis colliery had 532 place's mine coal dusts that explosion danger is arranged in 2009, accounted for 87.4%.The accident of the especially big coal-dust explosion of whole nation generation since two thousand has 13, causes 889 people's death.Dust harzard causes direct economic loss to reach billions of units every year.
The above it serves to show that the harmfulness of mine dust is big, and the importance of dust monitoring and control also has been described simultaneously.Therefore, the problem of preventing and treating of mine dust is subjected to extensive concern day by day, and a series of detecting instrument and system have been researched and developed all done number of research projects aspect the monitoring of mine dust in countries in the world.
At present, the domestic mode that generally adopts artificial, discontinuity, single place to detect dust concentration perhaps adopts general wired connection sensor detection mode.The mine dust concentration data that this mode records have only been reacted the dust situation in the dust measuring time period, the overall dust situation that can not reflect space under the coal mine comprehensively and accurately, and in the subsurface environment wired sensor detection system assign a work very loaded down with trivial details, flexibility deficiency and autgmentability are poor, shortcomings such as system deployment and maintenance cost height, when a certain node breaks down, can make regional area lose monitoring capability.
The research of wireless sensor network originates in phase late 1990s.Because the huge applications of wireless sensor network is worth, it has caused the very big concern of military service, industrial quarters and the academia of world many countries.From 2000, begin to occur the report of some relevant sensor network results of study in the world, U.S. natural science fund committee formulated the sensor network research program in 2003, supported the relevant rudimentary Study on Theory.U.S. Department of Defense and each military service have all given great attention to sensor network, and sensor network as an important research field, has been set up a series of military sensor network research project.Information industry giant such as Intel, Microsoft has also begun the research work of sensor network aspect.Scientific and technological developed countries such as Japan, Germany, Britain, Italy have also shown great interest to wireless sensor network, have launched the research work in this field one after another.But present most research still is in the starting stage, and the commercial product of minority input practicality also differs greatly apart from actual demand.The research work of China aspect sensor network also seldom, at present, more domestic institution of higher learning and research institution have actively developed the correlative study work of wireless sensor network, mainly contain Tsing-Hua University, the Software Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang University, Harbin Institute of Technology, Institute of Automation, CAS, the Renmin University of China etc.Present domestic research focus mainly concentrates on fields such as Wearable calculating, context-aware environment, smart classroom.
At above present situation, the monitoring system of mine well powder concentration based on wireless sensor network of the suitable China's coal-mine down-hole of research and development characteristics is imperative.
Summary of the invention
Task of the present invention is to provide a kind of monitoring system of mine well powder concentration based on wireless sensor network.
Its technical solution is:
A kind of monitoring system of mine well powder concentration based on wireless sensor network, it comprises:
Be arranged in the plurality of sensors detection node group of zones of different in the underground monitoring scope, each sensor detection node group is provided with several pedestal sensor nodes, each pedestal sensor node comprises sensor of dust concentration, final stage microcontroller and final stage ZigBee transceiver, final stage ZigBee transceiver is in resting state at ordinary times, sensor of dust concentration is gathered dust concentration information discontinuously, and after acquired signal carried out A/D conversion, carry out judgment processing by the final stage microcontroller, in case judge and learn dust concentration value of being above standard of certain pedestal sensor node region, then final stage ZigBee transceiver is waken up by interrupt mechanism, and beginning sends the address information that data comprise dust concentration information and this pedestal sensor node region to following routing node pocket transmission data;
Be used to receive and transmit the router node group of data-signal, the router node group comprises router node that is in originating location and the router node that is in the relaying position, the corresponding sensor detection node group of router node who is in originating location, each router node comprises secondary microcontroller and three grades of ZigBee transceivers, each router node is in resting state at ordinary times, as from pedestal sensor node place or the following data-signal that compiles the node place time, promptly waken up fully and entered normal mode of operation, and carried out the signal transmission according to routing algorithm;
Be used to receive the node that compiles of locating data-signal from the router node group, collector node comprises one-level microcontroller and secondary ZigBee transceiver or bus driver module, screen receiving data-signal by the one-level microcontroller, screen out the hash signal, carry out power amplification to keeping data-signal simultaneously;
Be used to receive master system from compiling node place data-signal, last microsystem comprises that PC maybe can hold mobile PDA equipment, one-level ZigBee transceiver or bus driver module, master system carries out last processing to the data that receive, and judges in view of the above, shows and report to the police.
The above-mentioned router node that is in originating location, in a sensor detection node group of its correspondence if there are a plurality of pedestal sensor nodes to send data-signal to this router node simultaneously, after then at first asking for the average of each pedestal sensor node transmission numerical value by this router node, the address information together with the region mails to the router node that next is in the relaying position then.
Above-mentioned master system can also be made control signal corresponding according to judged result, returns to corresponding pedestal sensor node by compiling node and router node group.
Above-mentioned each pedestal sensor node also comprises gas concentration sensor, and/or temperature pick up, and/or humidity sensor.
Above-mentioned final stage ZigBee transceiver and three grades of ZigBee transceivers respectively are provided with independently power supply.
Above-mentioned each sensor detection node group also is provided with several backup sensors nodes, detect by the pedestal sensor node under the normal condition, in case certain pedestal sensor node failure is arranged, a most adjacent with it backup sensors node is waken up and substitutes this pedestal sensor.
The present invention can have following useful technique effect:
The present invention adopts wireless sensor network technology, and the dust sampling test point can be arranged in the different work point widely, changes the monitoring layout flexibly, detects data thereby obtain accurate dust concentration in real time.The present invention is without any need for the support of fixed network, has characteristics such as rapid deployment, survivability be strong.The present invention can make people obtain a large amount of accurate and reliable dust concentration information at any time and place with under any ambient conditions.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and the specific embodiment:
Fig. 1 is the schematic block diagram of the bright a kind of embodiment of this law.
Fig. 2 is the topology diagram between sensor detection node group and the router node group in Fig. 1 mode.
The specific embodiment
In conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a kind of monitoring system of mine well powder concentration based on wireless sensor network, it comprises plurality of sensors detection node group 1, sensor detection node group 1 is arranged in zones of different in the underground monitoring scope, sensor detection node group's quantity can be selected according to the needs of down-hole key area, each sensor detection node group 1 is provided with several pedestal sensor nodes 101, as preferred 5,6,7 or 8 pedestal sensor nodes, each pedestal sensor node 101 comprises sensor of dust concentration, final stage microcontroller and final stage ZigBee transceiver, final stage ZigBee transceiver is in resting state at ordinary times, sensor of dust concentration is gathered dust concentration information discontinuously, and after acquired signal carried out A/D conversion, carry out judgment processing by the final stage microcontroller, in case judge and learn dust concentration value of being above standard of certain pedestal sensor node region, then final stage ZigBee transceiver is waken up by interrupt mechanism, and beginning is to following routing node pocket transmission data, sends data and comprises the address information that dust concentration information and this pedestal sensor node promptly send the pedestal sensor node region of data.The router node group is used for receiving and transmitting data-signal, the router node group comprises router node 2 that is in originating location and the router node 3 that is in the relaying position, router node 2 corresponding sensor detection node groups 1 that are in originating location, router node 2 comprises secondary microcontroller and three grades of ZigBee transceivers, router node 3 also comprises secondary microcontroller and three grades of ZigBee transceivers, each router node is in resting state at ordinary times, as from pedestal sensor node place or the following data-signal that compiles the node place time, promptly waken up fully and entered normal mode of operation, and carried out the signal transmission according to routing algorithm; A kind of preferred mode is: the above-mentioned router node 2 that is in originating location, in a sensor detection node group of its correspondence if there are a plurality of pedestal sensor nodes to send data-signal to this router node simultaneously, after then at first asking for the mean values (as mean intensity value) that each pedestal sensor node sends numerical value (as concentration value) by this router node, the address information that promptly sends the pedestal sensor node region of data together with the region mails to the router node that next is in the relaying position then.Compiling node 4 is mainly used in reception and locates data-signal from the router node group, collector node 4 comprises one-level microcontroller and secondary ZigBee transceiver or bus driver module, screen receiving data-signal by the one-level microcontroller, screen out the hash signal, carry out power amplification to keeping data-signal simultaneously.Master system 5 is mainly used in reception from compiling node place data-signal, last microsystem comprises that PC maybe can hold mobile PDA equipment, one-level ZigBee transceiver or bus driver module, last microsystem is carried out last processing to the data that receive, and judges in view of the above, shows and report to the police; A kind of comparatively preferred mode is: above-mentioned master system can also be made control signal corresponding according to judged result, return to corresponding pedestal sensor node by compiling node and router node group, above-mentioned pedestal sensor node can be connected as a single entity with controlling organization, drive electric element of small-power such as IGCT, control miniature relay etc., to carry out certain action, as water spray, report to the police etc.Above-mentioned final stage ZigBee transceiver and three grades of ZigBee transceivers respectively are provided with independently power module.
Below above-mentioned related content is remake further explanation:
About above-mentioned final stage, three grades, secondary and one-level ZigBee transceiver (module).Detect dust concentration in mine, it mainly is radio signal transmission that proper wireless signal transmits means.Node cluster was safeguarded easily and the simplification requirement after the present invention fully took into account, and requirements such as the self organization ability of node, flexibility, should not use other wireless communication technologys such as infrared technique herein and adopted the radio signal transmission mode.Under Minepit environment, radiofrequency signal can satisfy requirements such as reliability, precision, flexibility fully.The radio frequency electromagnetic signal can be propagated in all directions, and distance limit is lower than signals such as infrared rays, and this just provides convenience for the self-organizing of node.
About above-mentioned sensor of dust concentration.The present invention detects dust concentration, can also expand sensor that gas density, temperature, humidity maybe can carry out rough composition detection (other) etc. if desired.The existing dust concentration detection sensor unit module that is exclusively used in the dust detection of prior art can inspection be surveyed object (dust concentration, temperature etc.) and require (precision, economic dispatch) choose reasonable senser element.
About above-mentioned final stage microcontroller.Mainly comprise A/D and D/A modular converter and data processing module, choosing of these modules needs the taking into account system permissible accuracy, factor such as ageing, general 8 A/D, D/A module and 8 single-chip microcomputers just can meet the demands, if consider later expansion, as add demonstration, voice communication etc., then to select the higher single-chip microcomputer of performance.Final stage microcontroller and final stage ZigBee transceiver are worked in coordination and are finished the transmission of data-signals such as concentration information.
About above-mentioned independently power supply.Communication between the wireless sensor node is to transmit by wireless form, and power supply need be integrated on the node, and can not be with traditional mains supply mode, so power saving also is a key issue.Power saving will all will consider on each link of design, still all will regard a key factor and considers energy-conservation in the design process at software at hardware.Adopt No. 5 dry cells as power supply herein.ZigBee transceiver (module) is under the low power consumption standby mode, and common No. 5 dry cells of 2 joints can use 6 months to 2 years, had removed the trouble of charging or frequently changing battery from.Above-mentioned pedestal sensor node can be connected as a single entity with controlling organization, drives the electric element of small-power (IGCT, control miniature relay etc. to carry out certain action, as water spray, are reported to the police).
About above-mentioned router node group.Each routing node is made of secondary ZigBee transceiver and 8 single-chip microcomputers, adopts No. 5 dry cell power supply.The function that mainly finish route searching, transmit grouping, self-organizing newly adds node.Above-mentioned pedestal sensor node and being between the router node of originating location, and be in the router node of originating location and be between the router node of relaying position, adopt less radio-frequency electromagnetic transmission mode to communicate, topological structure adopts tree structure.Communication protocol adopts the ZigBee technology towards wireless sensor network, Zigbee is as a kind of wireless connections, can be operated on 2.14GHz (whole world is popular), 868MHz (Europe is popular) and 3 frequency ranges of 915MHz (U.S. is popular), has the transfer rate that is up to 250Kbit/s, 20Kbit/s, 40Kbit/s respectively, its transmission range but can also continue to increase in the scope of 10～75m.Decide according to the size of transmitting power and application model, 1 Zigbee equipment can connect nearly 254 similar equipment.In addition, because Zigbee possesses the characteristic of high link number and low power consumption, have sizable advantage on induction type network (Sensor Network) uses, the zigBee technology has become one of preferred option of wireless communication technology among the present WSNS.Router node adopts singlechip controller (as AT89C51CC01) as the core component of coordinating and seek route, the quantity of routing node is decided on mine scale and number of nodes, principle is to make routing table be unlikely to too big and the speed of influence searching route, the guarantee information real-time Transmission.The AT89C51CC01 that router node adopts is 8 8-digit microcontrollers, self has the CAN controller, is integrated with 10 ADC, 1K XRAM and hardware watchdog WDT; Adopt static schema; Have two times of fast functions; Three Timer, 14 interrupt source/4 grade interrupt priority levels.Routing node needn't have measuring ability, only need finish the function of seeking route and transmitting grouping, so do not need sensor element.
About the above-mentioned node that compiles.Compile node and should have higher data-handling capacity, can adopt performance high processing device-ARM single-chip microcomputer, mainly finish the power amplification function of data front-end processing and relaying standing posture.Because number of nodes is bigger, the data message of sending is more, should possess basic data screening function so compile node, screens out garbage.Compiling node can set up outside well, but the strain of transmitting power phase is big so that can transmit a signal to remote terminal, or above ground portion selects to use bus mode to communicate.Compile node and can carry out the work such as preliminary treatment of data, avoid host computer work too busy, just transmit data and also can if the host computer disposal ability is enough compiled node greatly so.
About master system.Reception is mainly carried out the last processing of data from compiling the radiofrequency signal that node sends, and judges, shows operations such as warning.Can also transmit a signal to the down-hole fundamental node and carry out down-hole control (as dedusting, ventilation etc.) by compiling node.Can select the core of PC, also can select other PDA equipment for use, select according to actual conditions as master system.The transmission of the control signal that master system sends can be regarded the inverse process of detection signal as, and transporting mechanism is identical, and just direction is opposite.By finishing down-hole pedestal sensor node and cooperating of controlling organization the control corresponding action.
Above-mentioned each sensor detection node group also can be provided with several backup sensors nodes, detect by the pedestal sensor node under the normal condition, in case certain pedestal sensor node failure is arranged, a most adjacent with it backup sensors node is waken up and substitutes this pedestal sensor.
Need to prove that those skilled in the art have done under the instruction of this manual anyly is equal to alternatively, or obvious variant also should be in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. monitoring system of mine well powder concentration based on wireless sensor network is characterised in that it comprises:
Be arranged in the plurality of sensors detection node group of zones of different in the underground monitoring scope, each sensor detection node group is provided with several pedestal sensor nodes, each pedestal sensor node comprises sensor of dust concentration, final stage microcontroller and final stage ZigBee transceiver, final stage ZigBee transceiver is in resting state at ordinary times, sensor of dust concentration is gathered dust concentration information discontinuously, and after acquired signal carried out A/D conversion, carry out judgment processing by the final stage microcontroller, in case judge and learn dust concentration value of being above standard of certain pedestal sensor node region, then final stage ZigBee transceiver is waken up by interrupt mechanism, and beginning sends the address information that data comprise dust concentration information and this pedestal sensor node region to following routing node pocket transmission data;
Be used to receive and transmit the router node group of data-signal, the router node group comprises router node that is in originating location and the router node that is in the relaying position, the corresponding sensor detection node group of router node who is in originating location, each router node comprises secondary microcontroller and three grades of ZigBee transceivers, each router node is in resting state at ordinary times, as from pedestal sensor node place or the following data-signal that compiles the node place time, promptly waken up fully and entered normal mode of operation, and carried out the signal transmission according to routing algorithm;
Be used to receive the node that compiles of locating data-signal from the router node group, collector node comprises one-level microcontroller and secondary ZigBee transceiver or bus driver module, screen receiving data-signal by the one-level microcontroller, screen out the hash signal, carry out power amplification to keeping data-signal simultaneously;
Be used to receive master system from compiling node place data-signal, last microsystem comprises that PC maybe can hold mobile PDA equipment, one-level ZigBee transceiver or bus driver module, master system carries out last processing to the data that receive, and judges in view of the above, shows and report to the police.
2. the monitoring system of mine well powder concentration based on wireless sensor network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described router node that is in originating location, in a sensor detection node group of its correspondence if there are a plurality of pedestal sensor nodes to send data-signal to this router node simultaneously, after then at first asking for the average of each pedestal sensor node transmission numerical value by this router node, the address information together with the region mails to the router node that next is in the relaying position then.
3. the monitoring system of mine well powder concentration based on wireless sensor network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described master system, can also make control signal corresponding according to judged result, return to corresponding pedestal sensor node by compiling node and router node group.
4. the monitoring system of mine well powder concentration based on wireless sensor network according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described each pedestal sensor node also comprises gas concentration sensor, and/or temperature pick up, and/or humidity sensor.
5. the monitoring system of mine well powder concentration based on wireless sensor network according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described final stage ZigBee transceiver and three grades of ZigBee transceivers respectively are provided with independently power supply.
6. the monitoring system of mine well powder concentration based on wireless sensor network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described each sensor detection node group also is provided with several backup sensors nodes, detect by the pedestal sensor node under the normal condition, in case certain pedestal sensor node failure is arranged, a most adjacent with it backup sensors node is waken up and substitutes this pedestal sensor.
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Application publication date: 20101208 |