CN101900061B - 燃料供给设备的阀门单元 - Google Patents

燃料供给设备的阀门单元 Download PDF

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CN101900061B
CN101900061B CN201010155612XA CN201010155612A CN101900061B CN 101900061 B CN101900061 B CN 101900061B CN 201010155612X A CN201010155612X A CN 201010155612XA CN 201010155612 A CN201010155612 A CN 201010155612A CN 101900061 B CN101900061 B CN 101900061B
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valve
steel
isobaric
valve unit
relief valve
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CN101900061A (zh
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T·格里茨科
K·科谢尔
H·沙尔
C·施罗特
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MAN Energy Solutions SE
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MAN Diesel SE
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K51/00—Other details not peculiar to particular types of valves or cut-off apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/32—Details
    • F16K1/34—Cutting-off parts, e.g. valve members, seats
    • F16K1/42—Valve seats
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
    • F02M59/46—Valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/0011—Constructional details; Manufacturing or assembly of elements of fuel systems; Materials therefor
    • F02M37/0023—Valves in the fuel supply and return system
    • F02M37/0029—Pressure regulator in the low pressure fuel system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K15/00—Check valves
    • F16K15/02—Check valves with guided rigid valve members
    • F16K15/04—Check valves with guided rigid valve members shaped as balls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
    • F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
    • F16K17/04—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
    • F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
    • F16K17/04—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded
    • F16K17/0406—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded in the form of balls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
    • F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
    • F16K17/04—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded
    • F16K17/0426—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded with seat protecting means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K25/00—Details relating to contact between valve members and seats
    • F16K25/005—Particular materials for seats or closure elements

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Safety Valves (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种内燃机的燃料供给设备的阀门单元(23)，该阀门单元具有钢制成的基体(11)，该基体在容纳部中(14)中装有等压释放阀(15)，在此等压释放阀(15)包含被弹簧元件作用的操纵元件(20)，该操纵元件(20)将等压释放阀(15)的阀球(21)顶压在等压释放阀(15)的阀座(24)上。根据本发明，等压释放阀(15)的阀座(24)由单独的钢制成的构件(25)构成，其中单独的构件(25)的钢的回火温度高于基体(11)的钢的回火温度。

Description

燃料供给设备的阀门单元
技术领域
本发明涉及一种内燃机的燃料供给设备的阀门单元。
背景技术
燃料必须提供给内燃机气缸，特别是重油驱动的船用柴油内燃机，为此需要燃料供给设备。内燃机的燃料供给设备具有配给内燃机气缸的喷射器，喷射器也称作喷射阀，在此借助于喷射器可以将燃料喷射入气缸。作为喷射器的补充，内燃机的燃料供给设备具有至少一个燃料泵，用于将喷射入内燃机气缸中的燃料向喷油器方向输送。
在燃料供给设备的喷射器及其燃料泵之间设有如图1所示的由背景技术所熟知的阀门单元10，如已经实现的，该阀门单元定位在燃料泵和燃料供给设备的喷射器之间，该阀门单元具有钢制成的基体11，在此基体11在第一容纳部12中设有燃料输送阀13，而在第二容纳部14中设有等压释放阀15。在基体11的第一连接区域16上可以连接未标示出的燃料泵，而在基体11的第二连接区域17上可以连接同样未标示出的燃料喷射阀或者喷射器。
等压释放阀15用于在阀门单元10的燃料管路18中保持最小燃料压力，其中燃料管路18通到燃料喷射阀或者喷射器。
根据图1的背景技术，阀门单元10的等压释放阀15包括被弹簧元件19作用的操纵元件20，在此该操纵元件20将等压释放阀15的阀球21顶压在阀座22上，该阀座由阀门单元10的基体11提供。
在图1所示由背景技术所熟知的阀门单元10中，基体11由钢制造。同样等压释放阀15的阀球21也由钢制造。
发明内容
本发明提出的任务在于，制造一种新型的磨损更小的内燃机的燃料供给设备的阀门单元。按本发明的内燃机的燃料供给设备的阀门单元具有钢制成的基体，该基体在容纳部中装有等压释放阀，该等压释放阀包含被弹簧元件作用的操纵元件，该操纵元件将等压释放阀的阀球顶压在等压释放阀的阀座上。
根据本发明的第一观点，该问题通过根据本发明的阀门单元解决。为此，等压释放阀的阀座由单独的钢制成的构件构成，其中单独的构件的钢的回火温度高于基体的钢的回火温度。
根据本发明的第二观点，阀座具有小于0.8的粗糙度Ra。
根据本发明的第三观点，阀球由相对于钢具有更高的强度以及相对于钢具有更小的比重的材料构成。
借助于所有的三个观点，这些观点单独或者两个或者三个以任意组合的方式可以应用于该阀门单元，相对于背景技术可以明显降低该种阀门单元的磨损。由此，可以实现该种阀门单元更长的寿命以及由此实现燃料供给设备更长的保养周期。此外，该发明还可以实现在维修过程中将根据背景技术设计的阀门单元更新为根据本发明的阀门单元。
附图说明
本发明的变型方案来源于下述说明。本发明实施例并不仅限于此，而是借助于图纸进一步说明。其中：
图1显示了由背景技术所熟知的内燃机的燃料供给设备的阀门单元。而
图2显示了根据本发明的内燃机的燃料供给设备的阀门单元。
附图标记列表
10.阀门单元
11.基体
12.容纳部
13.燃料输送阀
14.容纳部
15.等压释放阀
16.连接区域
17.连接区域
18.燃料管路
19.弹簧元件
20.操纵元件
21.阀球
22.阀座
23.操纵元件
24.阀座
25.构件
具体实施方式
图2显示了根据本发明的内燃机的燃料供给设备的阀门单元23，尤其用于重油驱动的船用柴油内燃机，在此，为了避免不必要的重复，对于图2中的根据本发明的阀门单元23，就如同图1所示的根据背景技术所知的阀门单元10那样，同样的组件应用了同样的附图标记。
根据本发明的第一观点，用于等压释放阀15的阀球21的阀座24由单独的构件25形成，该构件如同基体11同样由钢制造。所谓的单独的构件25的钢的回火温度高于基体11的钢的回火温度。回火温度是指热处理温度，在该温度下有针对性地加热基体11的钢材料以及单独的构件25的钢材料，从而为了期望的应用而有针对性地影响所有的特性。钢材料的回火工艺对于在此提到的技术人员是公知的，因此不再进一步阐述。
单独的构件25的钢的回火温度高于在等压释放阀15区域内燃料的最高工作温度，在此，单独的构件25的钢的回火温度比燃料在等压释放阀15区域内的最高工作温度优选高出至少200℃，优选高出至少250℃。基体11的钢的回火温度大约相当于在等压释放阀15区域内燃料的最高工作温度。
根据在此提到的本发明的第二观点，该观点优选与在此提到的本发明的观点1组合应用，用于阀球21的阀座24(根据本发明的第一观点，该阀座由单独的构件25形成)具有小于0.8μm的粗糙度Ra。在优选的实施方式中，用于等压释放阀15的阀球21的阀座24的粗糙度Ra位于0.2μm到0.6μm之间，尤其位于0.3μm到0.5μm之间。优选用于阀球21的阀座24的粗糙度Ra为大约0.4μm。
根据本发明的第三观点，该观点可以本发明的第一和/或第二观点联合应用，等压释放阀15的阀球21由特殊材料制造，也就是说由相对于钢具有更高强度且更小比重的材料制成。特别优选的一种方案就是由陶瓷材料制造阀球21。
本发明特别优选的一种方案就是，所有的三种根据本发明的观点共同应用于一个阀门单元。由此，相对于背景技术可以减小该阀门单元在等压释放阀15区域内的磨损。
本发明既适用于新零件的应用也适用于现有零件的改造。那么就可能将在领域内已使用的图1所示的阀门单元10改造为根据本发明的图2所示的阀门单元23，为此只必须如下扩大用于容纳等压释放阀15的容纳部14，使单独的构件25与等压释放阀15的操纵元件20、阀球21以及弹簧元件19一起装在容纳部14中。
根据本发明的进一步的具有优势的变型方案，基体11在用于燃料喷射阀或者喷射器的第二连接区域17上设有在0.01毫米到0.05毫米范围内的表面回缩，从而在高压范围内更好地保证了基体与燃料喷射阀或者喷射器之间的密封性。

Claims (11)

1.一种内燃机的燃料供给设备的阀门单元，该阀门单元具有钢制成的基体，该基体在容纳部中装有等压释放阀，该等压释放阀包含被弹簧元件作用的操纵元件，该操纵元件将等压释放阀的阀球顶压在等压释放阀的阀座上，其特征在于，所述等压释放阀的阀座(24)由单独的钢制成的构件(25)构成，其中所述单独的构件(25)的钢的回火温度高于所述基体(11)的钢的回火温度，其中，所述阀座(24)具有小于0.8的粗糙度Ra，并且所述阀球(21)由相对于钢具有更高强度并相对于钢具有更小比重的材料制成。
2.根据权利要求1的所述阀门单元，其特征在于，所述单独的构件(25)的钢的回火温度高于在等压释放阀区域内燃料的最高工作温度。
3.根据权利要求2的所述阀门单元，其特征在于，所述单独的构件(25)的钢的回火温度比在等压释放阀区域内燃料的最高工作温度高出至少200℃。
4.根据权利要求1到3中任一项所述的阀门单元，其特征在于，所述基体(11)的钢的回火温度在等压释放阀区域内大约相当于燃料的最高工作温度。
5.根据权利要求1的所述阀门单元，其特征在于，所述阀座(24)的粗糙度Ra位于0.2到0.6之间。
6.根据权利要求1的所述阀门单元，其特征在于，所述阀球(21)由陶瓷材料制成。
7.根据权利要求1所述的阀门单元，其特征在于，所述构件(25)与所述操纵元件(20)、阀球(21)以及弹簧元件(19)一起装在基体(11)的容纳部(14)中。
8.根据权利要求1所述的阀门单元，其特征在于，所述基体(11)还在单独的容纳部(12)中装有燃料输送阀(13)。
9.根据权利要求1所述的阀门单元，其特征在于，所述基体(11)具有用于燃料泵的第一连接区域(16)以及用于燃料喷射阀或者喷射器的第二连接区域(17)。
10.根据权利要求3所述的阀门单元，其特征在于，所述单独的构件(25)的钢的回火温度比在等压释放阀区域内燃料的最高工作温度高出至少250℃。
11.根据权利要求5所述的阀门单元，其特征在于，所述阀座(24)的粗糙度Ra位于0.3到0.5之间。
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JP6572241B2 (ja) * 2014-12-25 2019-09-04 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 バルブ機構、及びこれを備えた高圧燃料供給ポンプ
GB2569793B (en) * 2017-12-21 2020-04-22 Delphi Automotive Systems Lux High pressure fuel pump
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JP5021710B2 (ja) 2012-09-12
FI20105071A (fi) 2010-10-03
FI124822B (fi) 2015-02-13
CN101900061A (zh) 2010-12-01
JP2010242738A (ja) 2010-10-28
DE102009015528B4 (de) 2021-08-12

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