CN101886271A - Rotational-flow electrolysis method and device thereof - Google Patents
Rotational-flow electrolysis method and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101886271A CN101886271A CN2009101367820A CN200910136782A CN101886271A CN 101886271 A CN101886271 A CN 101886271A CN 2009101367820 A CN2009101367820 A CN 2009101367820A CN 200910136782 A CN200910136782 A CN 200910136782A CN 101886271 A CN101886271 A CN 101886271A
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- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 claims description 20
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rotational-flow electrolysis method and a device thereof, which represent new technology for performing selective electrolysis (electrodeposition) on valuable metals and are particularly suitable for performing selective electrolysis (electrodeposition) separation and purification on low-concentration solution, which has complex composition in the metallurgy industry, and stripping heavy metal ions from waste water. Due to the adoption of the technology, the problems of small electrolytic current density, non-uniform current distribution, great difficulty in removing impurities from solution, long process flow, high production cost, low overall efficiency and the like existing in the electrolysis process of conventional flat plate (frame) electrolysis technology (device) can be solved effectively. Moreover, an electrolysis technical solution (device), which has the advantages of high efficiency, reliability, simple process flow, simple and convenient operation and low cost in the presence of complex solution composition, is provided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electrolysis process and device thereof, specifically a kind of solution rotating mobile rotational-flow electrolysis method and device thereof of making.
Background technology
Eddy flow electrolysis tech (device) is based on the theoretical deposition potential (E of each metal ion
) difference, promptly desire the metal that is extracted if with solution system in other metal ions bigger potential difference is arranged, then the metal of current potential calibration is easy to preferentially separate out at negative electrode, its key is to flow by high speed rotating liquid, eliminated electrolytic unfavorable factor, avoided traditional electrolysis (electrodeposition) mode in electrolytic process, to be subjected to multiple factor (ionic concn, the ion rheobase, the anode and cathode current potential, concentration polarization, the pH value, overvoltage etc.) Ying Xiang rough sledding, can produce high-quality metal product by simple technical qualification, simultaneously present technique (device) can finish the wide concentration range that traditional electrolysis tech (device) can not finish (from zero point zero several grams per liters to the hundreds of grams per liter), electrolytic etching of metal under high current density (more than the 400A/m2) situation, and produce different metal product (sheet material or powder).The problem that can solve effectively that classic flat-plate (frame) formula electrolysis tech (device) electrolytic current density in electrolytic process is little, distribution of current is inhomogeneous, solution removal of impurities difficulty is big, technical process is long, production cost is high, overall efficiency is low etc.
Domestic related art scheme and the electrolyzer that does not use identical or similar electrolysis mode at present.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem that will solve
Technical problem to be solved of the present invention is the defective at prior art, a kind of rotational-flow electrolysis method and device thereof are provided, effectively improve the problem of existence such as classic flat-plate (frame) formula electrolysis tech (device) electrolytic current density in electrolytic process is little, distribution of current is inhomogeneous, solution removal of impurities difficulty is big, technical process is long, production cost is high, overall efficiency is low.
(2) technical scheme
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of rotational-flow electrolysis method, the mobile shape in the shape of a spiral of the solution rotating in electrolytic process in the eddy flow cell body container.Can carry out selective electrolysis (electrodeposition) to valuable metal, be particularly suitable for metallurgy industry to lower concentration, the selective electrolysis of composition omplicated solution (electrodeposition) is separated and is purified, and peeling off heavy metal ions in wastewater.
A kind of device that is used for rotational-flow electrolysis method, its structure comprise negative electrode, coated anode, top junctor, bottom junctor, upper end cover, lower end cover, electrolysis eddy flow cell body; The described intravital coated anode of electrolysis eddy flow groove, the negative electrode of placing lays respectively at its center and inwall; Described coated anode connects end cap up and down by the anode backstay of upper and lower; Described end cap up and down places electrolysis eddy flow cell body two ends up and down by last lower connector; The described lower connector of going up offers exit port respectively.The corollary apparatus of this device is made up of solution circulation pump, catholyte storage tank, anolyte storage tank, silicon rectifier direct supply, frequency-variable controller, programmable logic controller etc. in addition.A whole set of electrolyzer adopts portable, modular assembly, and is easy to assembly, and modularized is installed.
Described electrolysis eddy flow cell body is made by stainless steel or stainless titanium.Adopt sealing and fixing between described end cap up and down and the last lower connector.Electrolyzer adopts hermetically sealed design, can catch all gas, and the acid mist of thoroughly eliminating in the working space discharges, and it is collected and harmless treatment or utilization again.
Negative electrode, coated anode all adopt cylindrical structural, solution flows into the tangent line rotation mode by device bottom junctor, flow out with the same manner by the top junctor at last, solution passes through inner chamber and power line between the yin, yang in spiralling mode in electrolysis eddy flow cell body.Metal ion is separated out at negative electrode, produces product.
The principle of eddy flow electrolysis tech: all electrolysis techs all are based upon on the theory of electrochemistry basis, and the eddy flow electrolysis tech is no exception.Traditional electrolysis tech is that anode and cathode is placed in the cell body of sluggish flow or stagnation, under effect of electric field, the negatively charged ion anode is directed to be moved, positively charged ion is directed mobile to negative electrode, by controlling certain technical qualification, the metallic cation that desire obtains obtains electronic deposition at negative electrode and separates out, thereby obtains electrolytic production.
Cathodic reaction:
Metal ion obtains electronics at negative electrode and forms metal
Anodic reaction:
The electronics that negative electrode obtains need lose electronics by anode and come balance.Anode has several possible reactions, and topmost reaction is that the water oxidation in the solution produces oxygen, and reacts as follows:
When the metal concentration in the electrolytic solution reduces, be difficult to guarantee that metal in cathodic reduction other reaction does not take place.The most incidental chemical reaction is the generation of hydrogen when metal concentration is low, and is as follows:
The eddy flow electrolysis tech is based on the theoretical deposition potential (E of each metal ion
) difference, promptly desire the metal that is extracted if with solution system in other metal ions bigger potential difference is arranged, then the metal of current potential calibration is easy to preferentially separate out at negative electrode, its key is to eliminate concentration polarization etc. to electrolytic unfavorable factor by the high speed flow of solution, avoided being subjected to the restriction of multiple factor (ionic concn, deposition potential, concentration polarization, overvoltage, pH value etc.) influence, can produce high-quality metal product by simple technical qualification at traditional electrolytic process.
(3) beneficial effect
A kind of rotational-flow electrolysis method of the present invention and device thereof are compared with prior art, have following beneficial effect:
1) Application Areas is extensive, can be used for a plurality of industries such as metallurgy, discarded recovery, environmental protection;
2) adaptability to raw material widely, same device can be handled multiple metal, optionally metal is carried out electrolytic deposition;
3) intelligence is various, can carry out technological design targetedly according to the production demand;
4) portable, modular assembly is easy to assembly, and modularized is installed, take up an area of little, the space availability ratio height;
5) metal recovery, separate thoroughly, the metal recovery that can carry out the ppm level with separate;
6) the solution metal ionic concn that is easy to reclaim drops to below the 3000ppm, and the valuable metal that will need to reclaim is made plate body or powder-like product (＞99.96%);
7) acid in the solution is effectively reclaimed in solution closed cycle, avoids acid mist emission, safety and environmental protection;
8) higher current density and current efficiency;
9) process simplification cuts operating costs greatly, reduces technical risk;
10) compare with traditional electrolysis tech, use the whirlwind-type electrolysis tech can shift to an earlier date 18 to 36 months cost-recoverings at least.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is the structural representation of the device of a kind of rotational-flow electrolysis method of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1. upper end cover, 2. the anode backstay, 3. the top junctor, 4. electrolysis eddy flow cell body, 5. coated anode, 6. negative electrode, 7. the bottom junctor, 8. seal assembly, 9. be electrically connected assembly, 10. lower end cover.
Embodiment
Next explain to a kind of rotational-flow electrolysis method of the present invention and below the device work with reference to Figure of description.
A kind of rotational-flow electrolysis method of the present invention, the mobile shape in the shape of a spiral of the solution rotating in electrolytic process in the eddy flow cell body container.Can carry out selective electrolysis (electrodeposition) to valuable metal, be particularly suitable for metallurgy industry to lower concentration, the selective electrolysis of composition omplicated solution (electrodeposition) is separated and is purified, and peeling off heavy metal ions in wastewater.
A kind of device that is used for rotational-flow electrolysis method, its structure comprise negative electrode 6, coated anode 5, top junctor 3, bottom junctor 7, upper end cover 1, lower end cover 10, electrolysis eddy flow cell body 4; The described intravital coated anode of electrolysis eddy flow groove, the negative electrode of placing lays respectively at its center and inwall; Described coated anode connects end cap up and down by the anode backstay 2 of upper and lower; Described end cap up and down places electrolysis eddy flow cell body two ends up and down by last lower connector; The described lower connector of going up offers exit port respectively.The corollary apparatus of this device is made up of solution circulation pump, catholyte storage tank, anolyte storage tank, silicon rectifier direct supply, frequency-variable controller, programmable logic controller etc. in addition.A whole set of electrolyzer adopts portable, modular assembly, and is easy to assembly, and modularized is installed.
Described electrolysis eddy flow cell body is made by stainless steel or stainless titanium.Adopt sealing and fixing between described end cap up and down and the last lower connector.Electrolyzer adopts hermetically sealed design, can catch all gas, and the acid mist of thoroughly eliminating in the working space discharges, and it is collected and harmless treatment or utilization again.
Negative electrode, coated anode all adopt cylindrical structural, solution flows into the tangent line rotation mode by device bottom junctor, flow out with the same manner by the top junctor at last, solution passes through inner chamber and power line between the yin, yang in spiralling mode in electrolysis eddy flow cell body.Metal ion is separated out at negative electrode, produces product.
As the negative electrode cylindrical shell, as the negative electrode starting sheet, it is interior and be close to inwall to be placed on cylindrical shell with whippy stainless steel plate (titanium plate) with stainless steel (titanium) for each eddy flow electrolyzer, and the negative electrode conductive area is 0.5m
2(1m
2), belonging to the difference of ionic concn according to GOLD FROM PLATING SOLUTION, final control cathode is separated out product, and negative electrode can precipitating metal sheet material or metal-powder, and anode adopts the titanium coated anode.
Major parts:
Upper and lower end cap 1,10: material is an ABS plastic, is shaped by ABS plastic mold pressing parallel operation.
The upper and lower part is device 3,7 in succession: material is an ABS plastic, is shaped by ABS plastic mold pressing parallel operation.This part has the import and export of solution, and is connected with corresponding inlet and outlet piping.Simultaneously be equipped with gas discharge outlet in the top end head part.
Negative electrode 6: the negative electrode of electrolyzer, be the major portion of electrolyzer, cut out by stainless steel sheet or titanium plate and form.
Coated anode 5: be this device core component, diameter is 10mm～80mm, and material is coated with inert metal for the titanium material.
Anode backstay 2: be used for anodic installation and location, material is the titanium material.
Electrolysis eddy flow cell body 4: the major parts of electrolyzer, adopt stainless steel tube or the titanium pipe of diameter 50mm～200mm to shape.
Other: cathode and anode electrical cnnector 9 is used for the connection of electric loop; Seal assembly 8 is used for the sealing between each parts.
The operation process of eddy flow electrolyzer: solution enters the eddy flow groove from bottom land under the effect of infusion pump, flow at high speed in cell body, negative electrode precipitating metal settling, owing to adopt inert anode, therefore bubbing on anode, this gas is got rid of at any time by the gas barrier on groove top and is concentrated and carry out the postorder processing, and operating environment is not polluted fully.The work of eddy flow slot device is a module with several cell bodies, and single eddy flow groove is equivalent to a pair of anode and cathode of traditional electrolyzer.Cathode product regularly (generalized case, negative electrode need be gathered when the weight that reaches 25 to 30 kilograms) takes out (powder is from the bottom) from the top, be reentered into anode (starting sheet) back and continue electrolysis.
The above embodiment is a kind of of the more preferably concrete embodiment of the present invention, and common variation that those skilled in the art carries out in the technical solution of the present invention scope and replacement all should be included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a rotational-flow electrolysis method is characterized in that: the mobile shape in the shape of a spiral of the solution rotating in electrolytic process in the eddy flow cell body container.
2. device that is used for the described a kind of rotational-flow electrolysis method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: its structure comprises negative electrode, coated anode, top junctor, bottom junctor, upper end cover, lower end cover, electrolysis eddy flow cell body; The described intravital coated anode of electrolysis eddy flow groove, the negative electrode of placing lays respectively at its center and inwall; Described coated anode connects end cap up and down by the anode backstay of upper and lower; Described end cap up and down places electrolysis eddy flow cell body two ends up and down by last lower connector; The described lower connector of going up offers exit port respectively.
3. a kind of device that is used for rotational-flow electrolysis method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described electrolysis eddy flow cell body is made by stainless steel or stainless titanium.
4. a kind of device that is used for rotational-flow electrolysis method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: adopt sealing and fixing between described end cap up and down and the last lower connector.
5. a kind of device that is used for rotational-flow electrolysis method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: negative electrode, coated anode all adopt cylindrical structural, solution flows into the tangent line rotation mode by device bottom junctor, flow out with the same manner by the top junctor at last, solution passes through inner chamber and power line between the yin, yang in spiralling mode in electrolysis eddy flow cell body.
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| CN2009101367820A CN101886271B (en) | 2009-05-15 | 2009-05-15 | Rotational-flow electrolysis method and device thereof |
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| CN2009101367820A CN101886271B (en) | 2009-05-15 | 2009-05-15 | Rotational-flow electrolysis method and device thereof |
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| CN101886271B CN101886271B (en) | 2011-10-19 |
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| CN102251254A (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2011-11-23 | 深圳市惠尔能科技有限公司 | Circular treatment equipment for recovery of copper from microetching liquid and special eddy flow electrolysis unit thereof |
| CN102453931A (en) * | 2011-01-18 | 2012-05-16 | 嘉兴科菲冶金科技股份有限公司 | Technology for treating and purifying copper electrolyte by vortex electrolysis |
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