CN101881053A - Hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window - Google Patents

Hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window Download PDF

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CN101881053A
CN101881053A CN2010102309990A CN201010230999A CN101881053A CN 101881053 A CN101881053 A CN 101881053A CN 2010102309990 A CN2010102309990 A CN 2010102309990A CN 201010230999 A CN201010230999 A CN 201010230999A CN 101881053 A CN101881053 A CN 101881053A
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hole
layer
window
door
wall
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吴淑环
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
    • E04B1/7641—Elements for window or door openings, or for corners of the building
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B1/00—Border constructions of openings in walls, floors, or ceilings; Frames to be rigidly mounted in such openings
    • E06B1/003—Cavity wall closers; Fastening door or window frames in cavity walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B1/00—Border constructions of openings in walls, floors, or ceilings; Frames to be rigidly mounted in such openings
    • E06B1/04—Frames for doors, windows, or the like to be fixed in openings
    • E06B1/34—Coverings, e.g. protecting against weather, for decorative purposes
    • E06B1/342—Reveal covering members disposed alongside of a window frame
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/90—Passive houses; Double facade technology

Abstract

The invention relates to a hole heat insulation break bridge structure of a composite heat-insulation wall door and window, which enhances the energy saving heat preservation effect of the wall for reducing hole hot bridges of doors and windows because of the large heat transmission at the periphery of the hole. The structure 1 comprises a heat preservation layer, an indoor protective layer, an outdoor protective layer, doors and windows, wherein the heat preservation layer is arranged between the indoor protective layer and the outdoor protective layer, and the doors and windows are on the hole heat preservation layer; the structure 2 comprises a heat preservation layer, a basic unit wall, an outdoor protective layer, doors and windows, wherein the heat preservation layer is arranged between the basic unit layer and the outdoor protective layer, and the doors and windows are fixed on the hole heat preservation layer; the structure 3 comprises a heat preservation layer, a basic unit wall, an alkali-resisting mesh cloth, an outer leaf masonry, doors and windows, wherein heat preservation layer is arranged between the basic unit wall and the outer leaf masonry, and the doors and windows are on the hole alkali-resisting mesh cloth; and the structure 4 comprises a heat preservation layer, a basic unit wall, an alkali-resisting mesh cloth, an outdoor thin plastering protective layer, doors and windows, wherein the heat preservation layer is arranged between the basic unit wall and the outdoor thin plastering protective layer, and the doors and windows are on the hole alkali-resisting mesh cloth. The invention can significantly reduce heat loss around the hole, and enhances the energy-saving heat preservation effect of the composite wall.

Description

A kind of hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wall body door or window hole structure, particularly a kind of hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window and job practices.
Background technology
The purpose of energy saving building space enclosing structure insulation is, by space enclosing structure being taked to be incubated heat transmission inside and outside the measure confinement cells, reduces guaranteeing the indoor comfortable thermal environment heat supply or the required energy consumption of freezing.The exterior wall of heating regional architecture cans be compared to our cotton dress, and the exterior wall that summer, the hot area built cans be compared to the shell of refrigerator.Energy-saving heat-insulating wall all is a heat insulating effect of improving traditional body of wall by the way of additional thermal insulation at present, the transmission of the inside and outside heat of confinement cells, but the heat bridge that is difficult to eliminate for a long time becomes the bottleneck of obstacle body of wall power-saving technology.
1, analyze exterior wall and paste of the influence of EPS plate thin plastering heat-preserving wall heat bridge wall insulation performance:
At present, it is that heat insulation effect is best that exterior wall is pasted the thin heat-preserving wall of plastering of EPS plate (or XPS plate), and cheapest body of wall technology is so the thin heat-preserving wall of plastering is used at most in China.Even at door and window hole a large amount of heat bridges are arranged also: Figure 1 shows that when door and window is installed in basic unit body of wall middle part but be incubated best EPS plate thin plastering heat-preserving wall, the insulation layer of door and window hole sidewall is much thinner than the insulation layer thickness in body of wall front, and the heat body of wall front that the hole effluent loses is many.Figure 2 shows that door and window is installed in basic unit body of wall exterior angle, the outdoor distance of the outer angular distance of basic unit's body of wall is short, and heat runs off also many in the bight, hole, and arrow scope length L is heat bridge position insulation layer thickness among Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
The numerical value that provides Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 multithread loss of heat amount in " Heilongjiang Province's Residential Buildings Energy 65% design standard " is, when adhesive insulating layer EPS plate thickness is not more than 012m, hole linear thermal transmittance ψ value is 0.1w/m.k, the EPS plate thickness is during more than or equal to 012m, and hole linear thermal transmittance ψ value is 0.11w/m.k! Because of door and window hole quantity is many, heat bridge influence is very big, the body of wall mean thermal transmittance that the linear thermal transmittance in hole the increases numerical value in 2 of seeing attached list, and the big more influence of window-wall ratio is big more.When requiring low heat transfer coefficient, every reduction thermal transmittance 0.1w/m 2.k all be very difficult, therefore, the hole heat bridge is for the heating area, and is particularly too big for requiring the lower severe cold area influence of body of wall mean thermal transmittance.
The door and window hole heat bridge illustrates with following metaphor the influence of body of wall energy-saving heat preserving: the hole heat bridge cans be compared to people's neck or the hole on the wall, will place when weather is terribly cold has the hole will block up the hole on a mao scarf, the wall, if do not enclose a mao scarf, stifled hole, want that it is very difficult remedying this heat waste by increase insulation layer thickness on increase cotton dress thickness or the wall.But people's neck has only one, and the door and window quantity of building is a lot, so the heat that runs off in the hole is a lot, the hole heat bridge is very big to the building energy conservation influence.
Add that a large amount of balcony slab and air conditioner plates of encorbelmenting also are big heat bridges in the dwelling house, even balcony slab is pasted the EPS plate of thickness 0.1m up and down all, its linear thermal transmittance ψ value also reaches 0.2w/m.k.The balcony slab of encorbelmenting has the thick EPS plate insulation of 100mm up and down, and during window-wall ratio 0.3, the balcony slab heat bridge is to the about 0.05w/m of the influence of body of wall mean thermal transmittance 2.k (supposition balcony slab length accounts for exterior wall length 40～50% and calculates), EPS plate thin plastering heat-preserving wall hole heat bridge and balcony slab heat bridge always increase the about 0.15～0.2w/m of body of wall mean thermal transmittance 2.k.Therefore, be to satisfy " Heilongjiang Province's Residential Buildings Energy 65% design standard ", draw thermal transmittance that the insulation of main wall body EPS plate thin plastering should reach approximately and the insulation layer thickness that needs, see attached list 1, subordinate list 2.By subordinate list 1, subordinate list 2 as seen, 8 layers of following building requirements body of wall mean thermal transmittance are not more than 0.4w/m 2.k the time, dwelling house needs the polystyrene board heat-insulatation layer thickness 0.2～0.3m that pastes because also have the influence of balcony slab heat bridge, not only increase cost, and the valuable land resources of waste, be difficult to be accepted by the investor, be subjected to resistance in the practical application, influence the realization of national target for energy-saving and emission-reduction.All body of wall energy-saving heat preserving technology all do not solve the difficult problem of door and window mouth heat bridge at present.
If can reduce or eliminate the hole heat bridge, the target of building energy conservation just is easier to realize that this is a purpose of the present invention.
Subordinate list 1 severe cold (B) district residential building is considered the linear thermal transmittance in hole and the influence of balcony slab heat bridge, the thermal transmittance that EPS plate thin plastering heat-preserving wall main wall body should reach approximately and the insulation layer thickness that needs
Figure BSA00000197649100021
Annotate: 1, the main wall body is the 0.2mm concrete wall in the subordinate list 1, subordinate list 1 data contain heat-preservation balcony plate heat bridge and (account for exterior wall length 40～50% by balcony slab length, window-wall ratio 0.3 is 0.15w/m by heat-preservation balcony plate heat bridge and hole heat bridge to the influence of body of wall mean thermal transmittance 2.k; As window-wall ratio 0.5, then heat-preservation balcony plate heat bridge and hole heat bridge are not less than 0.25w/m to the influence of body of wall mean thermal transmittance 2.k, the main wall body thermal transmittance that should reach should be than also little 0.1w/m in the table 2.k, more impossible realization energy conservation object.
2, severe cold (A) district body of wall mean thermal transmittance limit value also need reduce 0.05w/m than (B) district 2.k, the main wall body thermal transmittance that should reach more is difficult to realize.
Subordinate list 2 severe cold (B) district residential building is considered hole linear thermal transmittance EPS plate thin plastering heat-preserving wall mean thermal transmittance table, thermal transmittance unit: w/m 2.k
Figure BSA00000197649100022
Figure BSA00000197649100031
Illustrate: 1, subordinate list 2 is that supposition concrete wall 0.2m is thick, and 3.6 meters of the standard widths of a room in an old-style house, floor height are 2.8 meters, the mean thermal transmittance of EPS plate thin plastering body of wall when different window-wall ratios, different EPS plate thickness.
2, data do not comprise the influence of overhanging cantilevered plate heat bridge such as balcony slab to the body of wall mean thermal transmittance in the table.
2, the heat bridge of steel wire net rack cement sandwiched plate heat-preserving wall
Steel wire net rack cement sandwiched plate heat-preserving wall is except that having above-mentioned hole heat bridge, and every square metre also has 200 φ 2 steel wires to penetrate insulation layer increase heat transfer, increases by 60% than EPS plate thin plastering body of wall and conducts heat, and heat bridge is more.
3, sandwiched thermal-insulating wall heat bridge
Use sandwiched thermal-insulating wall at present in large quantities in the Heilongjiang Province, even highrise building is being widely applied also.Sandwiched thermal-insulating wall exists along the concrete Guttr board heat bridge of building border, and exterior wall is likened to cotton dress, and sandwiched thermal-insulating wall has uninsulated waistband---concrete Guttr board together for every layer.Also have hole periphery heat bridge, interior siphonal lobe masonry sockets the reinforcing bar heat bridge.Fig. 3 represents the loss route (curve shown in) of the sandwiched thermal-insulating wall of Guttr board heat bridge place paste heat-preserving bar at Guttr board heat bridge place heat.Even but Guttr board heat bridge outer end paste heat-preserving bar as shown in Figure 3 is very little because of prolonging the heat bridge route, and the improvement of insulation is worked hardly.According to the linear thermal transmittance value of the uninsulated balcony cantilevered plate of thickness 120mm in " Heilongjiang Province's Residential Buildings Energy 65% design standard ", suppose Guttr board thickness 80mm, the about 0.43w/m.k of linear thermal transmittance of Guttr board heat bridge.Heat bridge in the floor height 2.8m dwelling house is analyzed the influence of mean thermal transmittance, pressed window-wall ratio 0.3, balcony slab insulation layer EPS plate thickness 100mm up and down, sandwich heat preserving wall body Guttr board heat bridge increases the about 0.15～0.2w/m of body of wall mean thermal transmittance 2.k, add hole periphery heat bridge (be partial to dangerous calculating, still estimate), by total about 0.25～0.3w/m of body of wall mean thermal transmittance that increases by the linear thermal transmittance of pasting EPS plate thin plastering hole heat bridge 2(but when window-wall ratio 0.5, increase the about 0.35w/m of body of wall mean thermal transmittance 2Because more difficult reaching, subordinate list 3 numerical value have illustrated problem, just do not got this numerical value) by severe cold (B) the district body of wall mean thermal transmittance limit value of stipulating in the energy Saving Design of Residential Buildings decision table in " Heilongjiang Province's Residential Buildings Energy 65% design standard ", the sandwich thermal insulated thermal transmittance that should reach approximately of the main wall body that can draw sees attached list 3.
Subordinate list 3 severe cold (B) district residential building is considered hole and Guttr board linear thermal transmittance influence, the thermal transmittance that sandwich thermal insulated main wall body should reach approximately and the insulation layer thickness that needs
The number of plies Build coefficient limit value Body of wall mean thermal transmittance limit value w/m 2.k The thermal transmittance w/m that the main wall body should reach approximately 2.k EPS plate thickness mm
〉=14 layers ??0.23 ??0.55 ??0.25～0.3 ??200～150
9～13 layers ??0.28 ??0.5 ??0.2～0.25 ??250～200
4～8 layers ??0.30 ??0.4 ??0.1～0.15 ??450～300
" 3 layers ??《0.5 ??0.3 ??0～0.05 Can not reach
Annotate: 1, subordinate list 3 is that supposition concrete wall 0.2m is thick, 3.6 meters of the standard widths of a room in an old-style house, and floor height is 2.8 meters, presses window-wall ratio 0.3, contains the influence to the body of wall mean thermal transmittance of heat-preservation balcony plate heat bridge, hole heat bridge in the data.
2, severe cold (A) district body of wall mean thermal transmittance limit value also need reduce 0.05w/m than (B) district 2, more be difficult to reach.
But sandwiched thermal-insulating wall hole heat bridge should be more much bigger than EPS plate thin plastering heat-preserving wall hole heat bridge, the thermal transmittance that the main wall body should reach approximately in the attached table 3 all can not satisfy, and considers also null(NUL) of numerical value that sandwiched thermal-insulating wall hole heat bridge increases than the thin hole heat bridge of plastering again.Stipulate that in " Code for design of masonry strucres " GB50003 sandwich thermal insulated middle insulation layer thickness should not be greater than 100mm, so may not satisfy the requirement of body of wall mean thermal transmittance limit value.
4, insulation blocks body of wall
The insulation blocks body of wall is approaching at the heat bridge and the sandwiched thermal-insulating wall heat bridge at Guttr board and hole, but also have following problem: insulation layer is by sand, slag, haydite, cement etc. cut apart bitty insulation blocks wall, goal analysis from the trap heat transmission, its structure is unreasonable, does the insulation blocks wall of severe cold area main wall body region need the how thick requirement that could satisfy body of wall mean thermal transmittance in the subordinate list 2? if with the EPS plate, the heat insulation effect of XPS plate is likened with cotton or eider down, the higher material of those more petty coefficient of thermal conductivity can be likened and makes outmoded cotton or catkin, and insulation blocks can be likened and does to be mingled with slag in eider down or the cotton, sand, the body of wall of cement or material.
5, inside heat insulation wall body
Inside heat insulation wall body exists along building border floor heat bridge and hole heat bridge, slab thickness must be greater than Guttr board thickness, also increasing has indoor division wall heat bridge, and partition walling thickness is 0.37m, 0.24m in the multistory building, the concrete wall of the about 0.2～0.3m of highrise building thickness.A large amount of uninsulated partition wall of inside heat insulation wall body---like between the sheet before and after the cotton dress just cloth be to have connected, but there have cotton to become heat bridge near seam crossing to be cold thoroughly.The influence of inside heat insulation wall body heat bridge is farther much larger than the sandwiched thermal-insulating wall heat bridge! In " civilian construction energy-saving design standard " JGJ26-95 appendix C, point out: under interior heat-retaining condition, peripheral heat bridge such as concrete beam, post, make the mean thermal transmittance of body of wall increase by 51～59%, regrettably, the North China has built a large amount of interior heat-preserving buildings.
6, prefabricated thermal insulation wallboard wall
Prefabricated panel not only has the hole heat bridge, more than the seam heat bridge is arranged, the seam heat bridge is very big to body of wall mean thermal transmittance influence, even the saturating cold dewfall of seam crossing cracking, indoor floor perk, the case history that the body of wall dewfall becomes mildewed exists.
Be no more than 0.75w/m by energy-conservation 50% sandwiched thermal-insulating wall (EPS plate 100mm) that designs, steel wire net rack heat-preserving wall (EPS plate 100mm), the insulation blocks body of wall that 300mm is thick, the body of wall average heat transfer that inside heat insulation wall body all can not satisfy housing construction 2.k the requirement of Yi Xia energy-saving wall.2003～2005 years heating seasons of academy of China Constrution Academe part energy saving building follow-on test in Beijing is found, by the building measured result of energy-conservation 50% index formation reach the only energy-conservation 7%! of energy-conservation 37%, energy-conservation 30% building reality Some areas of China have begun tentative energy-conservation 65% standard now, and the more body of wall of above-mentioned heat bridge influences the realization of this energy conservation object.Not only China is like this, and some countries also are incubated or the sandwich heat preserving wall body technique in taking in the world.
Heat bridge has increased architect's design-calculated difficulty more, and because of the wall heat transfer amount height of worrying that these heat bridges are more, do not reach the heating requirement, thermal performance design engineer have to estimate the heat consumption of body of wall more, how does the building energy conservation target of expection realize? the house heat bridge is to building low-carbon (LC) society, the sustainable development of society being had a significant impact, and sequelae is serious.
Present patent application inventor proposes following patent application in China about the body of wall technology: 1, denomination of invention is " support is arranged, the anti-seismic heat-preservation combined wall of reinforced concrete external protection is arranged ", the patent No. 200410002698.7; 2, denomination of invention is " binding composite heat preservation wall that support is arranged ", and the patent No. is 200610153289.6; 3, denomination of invention for " both sides be provided with reinforcing bar/and the combined wall of metal net plaster ", number of patent application is 200710167871.2, publication number is CN101168977; 4, denomination of invention is " a kind of composite component of alkaline-resisting glass fiber net plasterer ", and number of patent application is 200910141007.4, and publication number is CN101570981.
In denomination of invention is " support being arranged; the anti-seismic heat-preservation combined wall of reinforced concrete external protection is arranged "; and the patent of invention name is called in " binding composite heat preservation wall that support is arranged " patent; there is following reason to cause of the influence of the hole heat bridge of above-mentioned two patent combined walls: 1 greater than EPS plate thin plastering body of wall hole heat bridge; when door and window is installed on basic unit's body of wall; even door-window section bar outside paste heat-preserving bar; because of the topping 30mm that plasters in addition on the insulation bar; be subjected to the window sectional material size restrictions; the thickness 15mm of insulation bar is less than EPS plate thin plastering body of wall vertical side insulation bar thickness 30mm, so the hole heat bridge of above-mentioned two patent combined walls is greater than EPS plate thin plastering body of wall hole heat bridge.When 2, door and window was installed on the concrete component at hole, the hole connected steel part in addition and passes insulation layer, has increased the hole heat transfer again.There is the binding composite heat preservation wall of support that the supporting beam of encorbelmenting is set, can reduce the concrete Guttr board heat bridge 90% that the border is built on the edge with sandwich heat preserving wall body than reducing, make its heat insulation effect be better than sandwiched thermal-insulating wall and insulation blocks body of wall far away, but since at the heat bridge at door and window mouth hole greater than the thin heat bridge of plastering, heat insulation effect is lower than EPS plate thin plastering heat-preserving wall.
Denomination of invention for " both sides be provided with reinforcing bar/and the combined wall of metal net plaster " in the patent, the structure in the embodiment one is " opening protection layer 16 is arranged at the door and window hole place, and door and window is fixed on the opening protection layer 16 "; In " a kind of composite component of alkaline-resisting glass fiber net plasterer " patent; structure in the embodiment one be " ... the surperficial matcoveredn 8 of sandwich layer 3; ", see the accompanying drawing of these two patents, the window of these two patent accompanying drawings all is mounted on the cement mortar floated coat of hole.For guaranteeing the trimming bar protective layer thickness, hole cement mortar floated coat thickness generally needs 30mm, and its hole heat bridge is also greater than EPS plate thin plastering body of wall hole heat bridge.
The about 0.15w/m.k of linear thermal transmittance of present patent application inventor's aforementioned patent hole heat bridge, unfavorable to the body of wall energy-saving heat preserving.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of wall body door or window hole heat insulation break bridge structure and job practices.Big to solve current wall body door or window hole heat bridge, many by the heat waste of hole heat bridge, to the disadvantageous problem of body of wall energy-saving heat preserving.
First kind of structure of a kind of compound insulation wall door/window opening heat-insulating bridge-cut-off of the present invention: the present invention includes insulation layer, indoor protection layer, outdoor protection layer, door and window; Described insulation layer is macromolecule heat insulating material or mineral wool or straw or honeycomb card board or thermal insulation mortar; Described indoor protection layer and outdoor protection layer are cement mortar or fine gravel concrete plaster layers, or are modified cement mortar or fine gravel concrete plaster layers, or the outdoor protection layer that is positioned at the hole is insulation layer, or the indoor protection layer that is positioned at the hole is a thermal insulation mortar; Described insulation layer is between indoor protection layer and outdoor protection layer, and insulation layer is connected with outdoor protection layer with indoor protection layer respectively; Door and window is installed on the insulation layer of door and window hole, in the both sides of door and window indoor protection layer and outdoor protection layer is arranged respectively, forms a kind of hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window.
Second kind of structure of a kind of compound insulation wall door/window opening heat-insulating bridge-cut-off of the present invention: the present invention includes insulation layer, basic unit's body of wall, outdoor protection layer, door and window; Described insulation layer is macromolecule heat insulating material or mineral wool or straw or honeycomb card board or thermal insulation mortar; Described basic unit body of wall is masonry panel or concrete wall; Described outdoor protection layer is cement mortar or fine gravel concrete plaster layers, or is modified cement mortar or fine gravel concrete plaster layers, or the outdoor protection layer that is positioned at the hole is insulation layer, or the indoor protection layer that is positioned at the hole is a thermal insulation mortar; Described insulation layer is between basic unit's body of wall and outdoor protection layer, and insulation layer is connected with outdoor protection layer with the basic unit body of wall respectively; Door and window is installed on the insulation layer of door and window hole, in the both sides of door and window indoor protection layer and outdoor protection layer is arranged respectively, forms a kind of hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window.
The third structure of a kind of compound insulation wall door/window opening heat-insulating bridge-cut-off of the present invention: the present invention includes and comprise insulation layer, basic unit's body of wall, siphonal lobe masonry, alkaline-resisting screen cloth, indoor, hole topping, outside, hole topping, door and window; Described insulation layer is macromolecule heat insulating material or mineral wool or straw or honeycomb card board or thermal insulation mortar; Described basic unit body of wall is masonry panel or concrete wall; Described hole indoor protection layer and hole outdoor protection layer are cement mortar or fine gravel concrete plaster layers, or be modified cement mortar or fine gravel concrete plaster layers, or to be positioned at the hole outdoor protection layer be insulation layer, or the indoor protection layer that is positioned at the hole is a thermal insulation mortar; Described insulation layer is between basic unit's body of wall and siphonal lobe masonry; It is characterized in that; described alkaline-resisting screen cloth sticks on the surface of hole insulation layer; alkaline-resisting screen cloth and basic unit's body of wall and outdoor protection layer overlap joint are pasted and are socketed; door and window is installed on the alkaline-resisting screen cloth at hole; indoor, hole topping and outside, hole topping are arranged respectively in the both sides of door and window, form a kind of hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window.
The 4th kind of structure of a kind of compound insulation wall door/window opening heat-insulating bridge-cut-off of the present invention: the present invention includes insulation layer, basic unit's body of wall, alkaline-resisting screen cloth, outdoor thin plaster topping, indoor, hole topping, outside, hole topping, door and window; Described insulation layer is macromolecule heat insulating material or mineral wool or straw or honeycomb card board or thermal insulation mortar; Described basic unit body of wall is masonry panel or concrete wall; Described hole indoor protection layer and hole outdoor protection layer are cement mortar or fine gravel concrete plaster layers, or be modified cement mortar or fine gravel concrete plaster layers, or to be positioned at the hole outdoor protection layer be insulation layer, or the indoor protection layer that is positioned at the hole is a thermal insulation mortar; The described outdoor thin topping of plastering is plastered for the cement polymer mortar glass fiber net is thin, and described insulation layer is basic unit's body of wall and outdoor thin plastering between the topping; It is characterized in that; described alkaline-resisting screen cloth sticks on the surface of hole insulation layer; alkaline-resisting screen cloth and basic unit's body of wall and the outdoor thin topping overlap joint of plastering are pasted and are socketed; door and window is installed on the alkaline-resisting screen cloth at hole; indoor, hole topping and outside, hole topping are arranged respectively in the both sides of door and window, form a kind of hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window.
The present invention can reduce the heat transfer heat waste of door and window hole periphery by rational door or window hole structure, and this is like having placed the hair scarf on the neck.As long as the outdoor cold spot of door-window section bar is not less than the thermal resistance of main wall body apart from the distance L+thermal resistance of a length at indoor protection layer exterior angle, the linear thermal transmittance in hole is " 0 " just.
The contrast of combined wall mean thermal transmittance when the combined wall of " binding composite heat preservation wall that support is arranged " patent adopts door and window hole heat insulation break bridge structure of the present invention and former patent hole that heat bridge is arranged sees attached list 4, a kind of composite component of alkaline-resisting glass fiber net plasterer " combined wall mean thermal transmittance when the combined wall of patent adopts door and window hole heat insulation break bridge structure of the present invention and former patent hole that heat bridge is arranged contrasts and sees attached list 5.Subordinate list 4 and subordinate list 2 data are contrasted as can be known, and the energy-saving heat preserving effect of " binding composite heat preservation wall that support is arranged " of hole heat insulation break bridge also is better than the energy-saving heat preserving effect of the thin heat-preserving wall of plastering far away.
China and many in the world countries all do not have condition to build the timber buildings that thick 40～50cm mineral wool insulation is clogged in Northern Europe, we do not have condition to build the exterior wall of the double-deck benzene plate of three layers of wall therebetween as Russia yet, but with concrete or various masonry is the external heat insulating wall employing hole heat insulation break bridge structure of basic unit's body of wall, and just having ready conditions reaches the energy-conservation level of Northern Europe body of wall low heat transfer coefficient.
When hole heat bridge influence did not exist, designing and calculating body of wall mean thermal transmittance was just very simple.
There are heat bridge and hole heat insulation break bridge in subordinate list 4 holes, with the contrast table of the linear thermal transmittance in hole for the binding composite heat preservation wall mean thermal transmittance that support is arranged of " 0 ", thermal transmittance unit: w/m 2.k
Figure BSA00000197649100071
Illustrate: 1, subordinate list 4 is that supposition concrete wall 0.2m is thick, 3.6 meters of the standard widths of a room in an old-style house, and floor height is 2.8 meters, encorbelment 3 on beam of the supporting of supporting body of wall is arranged, area=bh=0.1 * 0.12=0.1 * 0.12 * 3=0.036m 2, the mean thermal transmittance of body of wall when different window-wall ratios, different EPS plate thickness.
Coefficient of thermal conductivity=0.05+0.003=.0.053w/m.k (φ 2.5 stainless steels socket steel wire increases heat transfer 0.003w/m.k) that 2, the correction of supporting body of wall EPS plate is arranged.
3, data do not comprise the influence of overhanging cantilevered plate heat bridge such as balcony slab to the body of wall mean thermal transmittance in the table.
When 4, there is the cement mortar heat bridge at the hole, being that 0.15w/m.k calculates by the linear thermal transmittance in hole, during the cement-free mortar heat bridge of hole, is that calculate " 0 " by the linear thermal transmittance in hole.
It is 0.15w/m for the linear thermal transmittance in " a kind of composite component of alkaline-resisting glass fiber net plasterer " hole that the combined wall of subordinate list 5 frame constructions adopts denomination of invention 2.k the time, the contrast table of the combined wall thermal transmittance when taking the linear thermal transmittance of hole heat insulation break bridge of the present invention, hole, thermal transmittance unit: w/m for " 0 " 2.k
Figure BSA00000197649100081
By subordinate list 5 as seen, EPS plate thickness 0.2m, the composite thermal-insulating wall gross thickness 0.26mm of " a kind of composite component of alkaline-resisting glass fiber net plasterer ", housing construction comprises the influence of balcony slab heat bridge, the combined wall mean thermal transmittance of hole heat insulation break bridge structure can reach 0.26+0.05=0.31w/m approximately 2.k low heat transfer coefficient; EPS plate thickness 0.3m during composite thermal-insulating wall gross thickness 0.36mm, can reach 0.18+0.05=0.23w/m 2.k low heat transfer coefficient.The combined wall of gross thickness 0.26～0.36 is one makes the people feel comfortable thickness of wall body, and the composite thermal-insulating wall of " a kind of composite component of alkaline-resisting glass fiber net plasterer " adopts hole heat insulation break bridge structure of the present invention really to become energy and land saving type body of wall.
Technique effect of the present invention is: a kind of hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window of the present invention can reduce or eliminate the heat transfer that the hole heat bridge increases significantly, reduce the passage that the building heat runs off to greatest extent, improve body of wall energy-saving heat preserving level, reduce the resistance of carrying out low-energy building, building energy conservation is reduced discharging, build low-carbon (LC) and build significant.
For building energy conservation, be the cancellation loam brick, the Chinese government has invested substantial contribution and has been used to develop novel wall material for many years, but does not solve the bottleneck of body of wall technology well.This is because the characteristic of various novel wall materials all has its limitation.For example polyurethane heat-insulation is best, but it can not solve the problem of hole heat insulation break bridge.Also the heat-insulating property as novel wall materials such as insulation blocks body of wall, steel wire net rack cement sandwiched plate bodies of wall gets too many with the energy-saving heat preserving poor performance of pasting EPS plate thin plastering heat-preserving wall! The external wall outer insulation composite thermal-insulating wall that supporting is arranged of its heat-insulating property and hole heat insulation break bridge is more not comparable, and what does this class building energy-saving rate of having built have on earth?
According to estimates, 60% of CO2 emissions derives from and keeps on the energy that the building function consumed in the city, and that the traffic automobile only accounts for is about 30%, and the power-saving technology of exterior wall and window is the primary technical condition of building the low-carbon (LC) building.In the body of wall power-saving technology, has only the heat bridge that reduces energy-saving heat-insulating wall significantly, reduce the passage that heat runs off, building energy conservation is really achieved the desired result, building field should be the Chinese government and gives security to the reducing emission of carbon dioxide 40～45% that the world promises to undertake.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 pastes one of EPS plate thin plastering composite thermal-insulating wall hole heat bridge schematic diagram in the background technology;
Fig. 2 pastes two of EPS plate thin plastering composite thermal-insulating wall hole heat bridge schematic diagram in the background technology;
Fig. 3 is a sandwich thermal insulated composite thermal-insulating wall Guttr board heat bridge schematic diagram in the background technology;
Fig. 4 is the door and window hole heat insulation break bridge structure vertical cross section of embodiment one, and the hole insulation layer is thermal insulation mortar or glue powder polyphenyl particle, and the door-window section bar outside is thermal insulation mortar or the glue powder polyphenyl particle topping of plastering;
Fig. 5 is the door and window hole heat insulation break bridge structure vertical cross section of embodiment one, and the hole insulation layer is thermal insulation mortar or glue powder polyphenyl particle, and the door-window section bar both sides are the cement mortar topping of plastering;
Fig. 6 is the door and window hole heat insulation break bridge structure vertical cross section of embodiment one, and the hole insulation layer is the mineral wool insulation, and the door-window section bar outside is for pasting the thin bar heat insulation protecting layer of EPS plate thin plastering;
Fig. 7 is the door and window hole heat insulation break bridge structure vertical cross section of embodiment one, and the hole insulation layer is mineral wool insulation, and the door-window section bar both sides are the cement mortar topping of plastering;
Fig. 8 is the door and window hole heat insulation break bridge structure horizontal sectional drawing of embodiment one, and the hole insulation layer is the mineral wool insulation, and the door-window section bar outside is for pasting the thin bar heat insulation protecting layer of EPS plate thin plastering, and the interior door reveal is partly plastered and is thermal insulation mortar or glue powder polyphenyl particle;
Fig. 9 is embodiment four door and window hole heat insulation break bridge structure vertical cross sections, and the hole insulation layer is thermal insulation mortar or glue powder polyphenyl particle, and door-window section bar outer side chamber external protection is thermal insulation mortar or glue powder polyphenyl particle;
Figure 10 is embodiment four door and window hole heat insulation break bridge structure vertical cross sections, and the hole insulation layer is thermal insulation mortar or glue powder polyphenyl particle, and door-window section bar outer side chamber external protection is a cement mortar;
Figure 11 is embodiment four door and window hole heat insulation break bridge structure vertical cross sections, and the hole insulation layer is a mineral wool, and door-window section bar outer side chamber external protection is for pasting the thin bar heat insulation protecting layer of EPS plate thin plastering;
Figure 12 is embodiment four door and window hole heat insulation break bridge structure vertical cross sections, and the hole insulation layer is a mineral wool, and the door-window section bar outdoor protection layer is a cement mortar;
Figure 13 is embodiment four door and window hole heat insulation break bridge structure horizontal sectional drawings, and the hole insulation layer is a mineral wool, and the door-window section bar outside is for pasting the thin bar heat insulation protecting layer of EPS plate thin plastering, and indoor protection layer partly is a thermal insulation mortar;
Figure 14 is embodiment seven door and window hole heat insulation break bridge structure vertical cross sections, and the hole insulation layer is thermal insulation mortar or glue powder polyphenyl particle, and door-window section bar outside topping is thermal insulation mortar or glue powder polyphenyl particle;
Figure 15 is embodiment seven door and window hole heat insulation break bridge structure vertical cross sections, and the hole insulation layer is thermal insulation mortar or glue powder polyphenyl particle, and door-window section bar outer side chamber external protection is a cement mortar;
Figure 16 is embodiment seven door and window hole heat insulation break bridge structure vertical cross sections, and the hole insulation layer is a mineral wool, and door-window section bar outer side chamber external protection is for pasting the thin bar heat insulation protecting layer of EPS plate thin plastering;
Figure 17 is embodiment seven door and window hole heat insulation break bridge structure vertical cross sections, and the hole insulation layer is a mineral wool, and door-window section bar outer side chamber external protection is a cement mortar;
Figure 18 is embodiment seven door and window hole heat insulation break bridge structure vertical cross sections, the hole insulation layer is a mineral wool, the door-window section bar outside is for pasting the thin bar heat insulation protecting layer of EPS plate thin plastering, different with Figure 16 is, mineral wool also is positioned at hole basic unit body of wall sidewall, and door and window is installed in the jamb basic unit body of wall scope;
Figure 19 is the door and window hole heat insulation break bridge structure horizontal sectional drawing of embodiment seven, the hole insulation layer is a mineral wool, the door-window section bar outside is for pasting the thin bar heat insulation protecting layer of EPS plate thin plastering, indoor jamb is a thermal insulation mortar, mineral wool also is positioned at hole basic unit body of wall sidewall, and door and window is installed in the jamb basic unit body of wall scope;
Figure 20 is embodiment nine door and window hole heat insulation break bridge structure vertical cross sections, and the hole insulation layer is thermal insulation mortar or glue powder polyphenyl particle, and door-window section bar outer side chamber external protection is thermal insulation mortar or glue powder polyphenyl particle;
Figure 21 is embodiment nine door and window hole heat insulation break bridge structure vertical cross sections, and the hole insulation layer is thermal insulation mortar or glue powder polyphenyl particle, and door-window section bar outer side chamber external protection is a cement mortar;
Figure 22 is embodiment nine door and window hole heat insulation break bridge structure vertical cross sections, and the hole insulation layer is a mineral wool, and door-window section bar outer side chamber external protection is for pasting the thin bar heat insulation protecting layer of EPS plate thin plastering;
Figure 23 is embodiment nine door and window hole heat insulation break bridge structure vertical cross sections, and the hole insulation layer is a mineral wool, and door-window section bar outer side chamber external protection is a cement mortar;
Figure 24 is embodiment nine door and window hole heat insulation break bridge structure horizontal sectional drawings, and the hole insulation layer is a mineral wool, and door-window section bar outer side chamber external protection is for pasting the thin bar heat insulation protecting layer of EPS plate thin plastering, and the indoor is a thermal insulation mortar.
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment one: see Fig. 4～Fig. 8, a kind of hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window of present embodiment is made up of insulation layer 3, indoor protection layer 8-1, outdoor protection layer 8-2, door and window 20; Described insulation layer 3 is macromolecule heat insulating material or mineral wool or straw or honeycomb card board or thermal insulation mortar; Described indoor protection layer 8-1 and outdoor protection layer 8-2 are cement mortar or fine gravel concrete plaster layers, or be modified cement mortar or fine gravel concrete plaster layers, or the outdoor protection layer 8-2 that is positioned at the hole is insulation layer, or the indoor protection layer 8-1 that is positioned at the hole is a thermal insulation mortar; Described insulation layer 3 is between indoor protection layer 8-1 and outdoor protection layer 8-2, and insulation layer 3 is connected with outdoor protection layer 8-2 with indoor protection layer 8-1 respectively; Door and window 20 is installed on the insulation layer 3 of door and window hole, in the both sides of door and window 20 indoor protection layer 8-1 and outdoor protection layer 8-2 is arranged respectively, forms a kind of hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window.
The topping 8-2 that is positioned at the door and window outside is an insulation layer, be meant paste EPS plate thin plastering insulation bar in the hole door-window section bar outside smear thermal insulation mortar or adhesive polystyrene granule heat-insulating as topping 8; If adopt heat insulating material at indoor protection layer 8-1 then should adopt thermal insulation mortar, increase fire safety.EPS plate or thermal insulation mortar both can be used as the sandwich layer of main wall body, can be used as the vertical side topping again.The topping of vertical side is that insulation layer can play two effects: 1, further prolong indoor protection layer to outdoor distance, reduce the hole heat bridge; 2, prevent door-window section bar indoor dewfall.
Low-energy building should adopt heat insulation break bridge structure, and insulation layer with the most use is the lower material of coefficient of thermal conductivity at present, and as macromolecule heat insulating material EPS plate, and price is lower.Sandwich layer 3 in the combined wall can be a kind of heat insulating material, can also be the heat insulating material of different cultivars, when the insulation layer of body of wall is the macromolecule heat insulating material of refractoriness difference, insulation layer should be selected two kinds of materials for use, partial heat-insulating layer should be selected the good heat insulating material of fireproof performance for use around the hole, for example mineral wool, thermal insulation mortar, adhesive powder-polystyrene granule thermal insulation mortar.Also as, the sandwich layer in the major structure of construction outside can be the polyurethane foam glue of spraying, and can be the EPS plate in the framework hole.The coefficient of thermal conductivity of rock wool is 0.04～0.044w/m.k, is lower than EPS plate coefficient of thermal conductivity design load 0.05w/m.k.Fig. 6～Fig. 8 represents that the hole insulation layer is a rock wool, wherein the topping in Fig. 6, Fig. 8 hole door and window outside is for pasting the EPS plate thin plastering, the heat-insulating bridge-cut-off effect is best, and when the thermal resistance of the L+a length section that Fig. 6, Fig. 8 marked was not less than the resistance of main wall body heat, the linear thermal transmittance in hole was " 0 "; When but the topping in Fig. 7 hole door and window outside is motar,, can not make the hole heat bridge be " 0 " though can reduce the hole heat bridge.Fig. 5 represents that the hole insulation layer is thermal insulation mortar or glue powder polyphenyl particle.The coefficient of thermal conductivity of thermal insulation mortar and adhesive powder-polystyrene granule thermal insulation mortar is about 0.07～0.08w/m.k, and the linear thermal transmittance in hole is about 0.03～0.05w/m.k.
The cement mortar of modification or pea gravel concreten topping also comprise the cement polymer mortar or the polymer concrete that add macromolecule or bonding adhesive for adding modifications such as Admixture, flyash, stone flour.Be that cement polymer mortar or polymer concrete are the most suitable for example at the indoor and outdoor of the door and window hole position topping of plastering.
The specific embodiment two: see Fig. 4～Fig. 8, the difference of the present embodiment and the specific embodiment one is that present embodiment increases alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1; Described alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1 sticks on the surface of hole insulation layer 3, and door and window 20 is installed on the alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1 at hole, and alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1 pastes with indoor protection layer 8-1 and outdoor protection layer 8-2 overlap joint and is connected.
Alkaline-resisting screen cloth is to the abbreviation of alkali-resistant glass fibre screen cloth in " alkali-resistant glass fibre screen cloth " JCT-841-2007 standard.The strength retention ratio of alkaline-resisting screen cloth in the Portland cement of highly basic can be not less than 80%, and alkaline-resisting screen cloth has suitable resistance to tension.Abroad the GRC wallboard of tieing up from the alkaline-resisting chopped glass fiber of using the seventies of adding has at present and uses nearly 30 years also at the case history that continues to use.The intensity retention of alkaline-resisting screen cloth be multiply by certain safety stock coefficient as alkaline-resisting screen cloth tensile strength design load, just can contrast reinforcing bar, gauze wire cloth carries out designing and calculating, be that the alkaline-resisting screen cloth that is embedded in the composite component can play the effect that is equivalent to be provided with tensile reinforcement, gauze wire cloth, alkaline-resisting screen cloth is set conducts heat, and wire lath is perishable socketing inside and outside the hole than socketing with wire lath to reduce.
The specific embodiment three: see Fig. 4～Fig. 8, present embodiment and embodiment one or twos' difference is, present embodiment increases waterproof and dampproof layer 15, and described waterproof and dampproof layer 15 be polymer membranes or is plastic sheeting or composite plastic film; Described waterproof and dampproof layer 15 has following mounting means: a, waterproof and dampproof layer 15 to substitute alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1, directly sticks on the surface of hole insulation layer 3, and door and window 20 is installed on the waterproof and dampproof layer 15 in hole; B, waterproof and dampproof layer 15 stick on the hole alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1 above, door and window 20 is installed on the waterproof and dampproof layer 15 in hole; C, waterproof and dampproof layer 15 stick on the surface of hole insulation layer 3, and alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1 sticks on the surface of waterproof and dampproof layer 15, and door and window 20 is installed on the alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1 in hole; Described waterproof and dampproof layer 15 is pasted with indoor protection layer 8-1 and outdoor protection layer 8-2 overlap joint and is connected.
The emphasis position of door and window hole waterproof is a windowsill, but it is more favourable that waterproof and dampproof layer is set around the hole, specifically should determine the scope that is provided with of the waterproof and dampproof layer of door and window hole according to hole insulation layer description of materials difference.Polymer membranes such as polyethylene polypropylene composite of water-proof coiled material, or PVC waterproof roll.Conventional cement mortar is plastered on plastic foil or polymer membranes, needs the interfacial agents of brushing adhesive stick preparation to plaster, can be bonding with waterproof and dampproof layer.
When the mineral wool insulation is adopted at the hole,, use plastic sheeting or composite plastic film parcel mineral wool parcel mineral wool because of rock wool moisture absorption collapse-deformation very easily.To the effective and the most cheap material of the waterproof and dampproof layer of mineral wool is polyester folder aluminium foil (PET//AL//PET) composite plastic film, because aluminium foil layer is arranged, the vapor permeation resistance is very big.The described waterproof and dampproof layer 15 of present embodiment sticks on the surface of hole insulation layer 3, also comprise waterproof and dampproof layer 15 parcel hole insulation layer 3, when the hole insulation layer is mineral wool in Fig. 6～Fig. 8 and the back embodiment accompanying drawing, represent that all mineral wool is by waterproof and dampproof layer parcel, but if the indoor damp-proof course that has been provided with, do not have vapor permeation and go out, then polyester folder aluminium foil composite plastic film also Pasting needn't wrap up in mineral wool top waterproof.
Embodiment one～three be applicable to the described denomination of invention of background technology for " both sides be provided with reinforcing bar/and the composite thermal-insulating wall of metal lath and plaster " patent, and the door or window hole structure of the composite thermal-insulating wall of " a kind of composite component of alkaline-resisting glass fiber net plasterer " patent.Among Fig. 4～Fig. 8 among indoor protection layer 8-1 and the outdoor protection layer 8-2 not the curve of mark (irrelevant with the present invention) so mark be gauze wire cloth or alkaline-resisting screen cloth in the combined wall floated coat of these two patents.
Door and window 20 is installed on the insulation layer 3 of door and window hole, is meant that the installation site of door and window is positioned on the insulation layer of hole, pastes installation with polyurethane foam during installation, and polyurethane foam glue also is heat insulating material.The connection steel disc of door and window also needs to fix with indoor protection layer 8-1 or outdoor protection layer 8-2 in addition, will connect steel disc and the indoor and outdoor topping is fixed with steel nail, and the sealing and fixing of adding polyurethane sealant is very firm.When on windowsill window sill being arranged, the window sill of windowsill position substitutes indoor protection layer 8-1, and the also available polyurethane foam of window sill is pasted and installed.
The patent of the described applicant of background technology generally is provided with reinforcing bar at door and window hole, pastes alkaline-resisting screen cloth above again, and the indoor and outdoor topping is socketed, and the method for present embodiment installation door and window is just safer.
The specific embodiment four: see Fig. 9～Figure 13, a kind of hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window of present embodiment is made up of insulation layer 3, basic unit's body of wall 1, outdoor protection layer 8-2, door and window 20; Described insulation layer 3 is macromolecule heat insulating material or mineral wool or straw or honeycomb card board or thermal insulation mortar; Described basic unit body of wall 1 is masonry panel or concrete wall; Described outdoor protection layer 8-2 is cement mortar or fine gravel concrete plaster layers, or is modified cement mortar or fine gravel concrete plaster layers, or the outdoor protection layer 8-2 that is positioned at the hole is insulation layer, or the indoor protection layer 8-1 that is positioned at the hole is a thermal insulation mortar; Described insulation layer 3 is between basic unit's body of wall 1 and outdoor protection layer 8-2, and insulation layer 3 is connected with outdoor protection layer 8-2 with basic unit body of wall 1 respectively; Door and window 20 is installed on the insulation layer 3 of door and window hole, in the both sides of door and window 20 indoor protection layer 8-1 and outdoor protection layer 8-2 is arranged respectively, forms a kind of hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window.
The specific embodiment five: see Fig. 9～Figure 13, the difference of the present embodiment and the specific embodiment four is that present embodiment increases alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1; Described alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1 sticks on the surface of hole insulation layer 3, and door and window 20 is installed on the alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1, and alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1 pastes with basic unit's body of wall 1 and outdoor protection layer 8-2 overlap joint and is connected.
The specific embodiment six: see Fig. 9～Figure 13, present embodiment and the specific embodiment four or fives' difference is, present embodiment increases waterproof and dampproof layer 15, and described waterproof and dampproof layer 15 be polymer membranes or is plastic sheeting or composite plastic film; Described waterproof and dampproof layer 15 has following mounting means: a, waterproof and dampproof layer 15 to substitute alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1, directly sticks on the surface of hole insulation layer 3, and door and window 20 is installed on the waterproof and dampproof layer 15 in hole; B, waterproof and dampproof layer 15 stick on the hole alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1 above, door and window 20 is installed on the waterproof and dampproof layer 15 in hole; C, waterproof and dampproof layer 15 stick on the surface of hole insulation layer 3, and alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1 sticks on the surface of waterproof and dampproof layer 15, and door and window 20 is installed on the alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1 in hole; Described waterproof and dampproof layer 15 is pasted with basic unit's body of wall 1 and outdoor protection layer 8-2 overlap joint and is connected.
Embodiment four～six is applicable to that the door and window hole of background technology described " binding composite heat preservation wall that support is arranged " patent adopts heat insulation break bridge structure; also be applicable to " both sides be provided with reinforcing bar/and the combined wall of metal lath and plaster " embodiment one in the patent; the door and window hole of " sandwich layer 3 ... part is a heat insulating material; part is that non-heat insulating material constitutes; for example inboard for filling masonry; that the outside is a heat insulating material ... " in 13 and 21 adopts heat insulation break bridge structure; the composite thermal-insulating wall that also is applicable to the embodiment six " sandwich layer 3 parts are macromolecule heat insulating material 3; part is masonry panel 3-1 " in " a kind of composite component of alkaline-resisting glass fiber net plasterer " patent adopts heat insulation break bridge structure; and present embodiment is applicable to that also there is the composite thermal-insulating wall of metal lath and plaster in the outside; for example steel wire net rack sandwich cement board is as the external thermal insulation of concrete wall or masonry panel, and the outside has the door and window hole of cement mortar protective course to adopt heat insulation break bridge structure.
The specific embodiment seven: see Figure 14～Figure 19, a kind of hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window of present embodiment is made up of insulation layer 3, basic unit's body of wall 1, siphonal lobe masonry 2, alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1, indoor, hole topping 8-1, outside, hole topping 8-2, door and window 20; Described insulation layer 3 is macromolecule heat insulating material or mineral wool or straw or honeycomb card board or thermal insulation mortar; Described basic unit body of wall 1 is masonry panel or concrete wall; Described hole indoor protection layer 8-1 and hole outdoor protection layer 8-2 are cement mortar or fine gravel concrete plaster layers, or be modified cement mortar or fine gravel concrete plaster layers, or the outdoor protection layer 8-2 that is positioned at the hole is insulation layer, or the indoor protection layer 8-1 that is positioned at the hole is a thermal insulation mortar; Described insulation layer 3 is between basic unit's body of wall 1 and siphonal lobe masonry 2; Described alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1 sticks on the surface of hole insulation layer 3; alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1 and basic unit's body of wall 1 and outdoor protection layer 8-2 overlap joint are pasted and are socketed; door and window 20 is installed on the alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1 at hole; indoor, hole topping 8-1 and outside, hole topping 8-2 are arranged respectively in the both sides of door and window 20, form a kind of hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window.
The specific embodiment eight: see Figure 14～Figure 19, the difference of present embodiment and embodiment seven is, present embodiment increases waterproof and dampproof layer 15, and described waterproof and dampproof layer 15 be polymer membranes or is plastic sheeting or composite plastic film; Described waterproof and dampproof layer 15 has following mounting means: a, waterproof and dampproof layer 15 to substitute alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1, directly sticks on the surface of hole insulation layer 3, and door and window 20 is installed on the waterproof and dampproof layer 15 in hole; B, waterproof and dampproof layer 15 stick on the hole alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1 above, door and window 20 is installed on the waterproof and dampproof layer 15 in hole; C, waterproof and dampproof layer 15 stick on the surface of hole insulation layer 3, and alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1 sticks on the surface of waterproof and dampproof layer 15, and door and window 20 is installed on the alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1 in hole; Waterproof and dampproof layer 15 is pasted with basic unit's body of wall 1 and siphonal lobe masonry 2 overlap joints and is connected.
Embodiment seven, eight is applicable to that sandwich heat preserving wall body adopts the door and window hole heat insulation break bridge structure, and the alkaline-resisting screen cloth at embodiment seven holes can play the effect that basic unit's body of wall 1 and siphonal lobe masonry 2 are socketed, to guarantee the safety of hole heat insulation break bridge.
The specific embodiment nine: see Figure 20～Figure 24, a kind of hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window of present embodiment is made up of insulation layer 3, basic unit's body of wall 1, alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1, outdoor thin plaster topping 8-2-1, indoor, hole topping 8-1, outside, hole topping 8-2, door and window 20; Described insulation layer 3 is macromolecule heat insulating material or mineral wool or straw or honeycomb card board or thermal insulation mortar; Described basic unit body of wall 1 is masonry panel or concrete wall; Described hole indoor protection layer 8-1 and hole outdoor protection layer 8-2 are cement mortar or fine gravel concrete plaster layers, or be modified cement mortar or fine gravel concrete plaster layers, or the outdoor protection layer 8-2 that is positioned at the hole is insulation layer, or the indoor protection layer 8-1 that is positioned at the hole is a thermal insulation mortar; The described outdoor thin topping 8-2-1 that plasters plasters for the cement polymer mortar glass fiber net is thin, and described insulation layer 3 is basic unit's body of wall 1 and outdoor thin plastering between the topping 8-2-1; Described alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1 sticks on the surface of hole insulation layer 3; alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1 and basic unit's body of wall 1 and the outdoor thin topping 8-2-1 overlap joint of plastering are pasted and are socketed; door and window 20 is installed on the alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1 at hole; indoor, hole topping 8-1 and outside, hole topping 8-2 are arranged respectively in the both sides of door and window 20, form a kind of hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window.
The specific embodiment ten: see Figure 20～24, the difference of present embodiment and embodiment nine is, present embodiment increases waterproof and dampproof layer 15, and described waterproof and dampproof layer 15 be polymer membranes or is plastic sheeting or composite plastic film; Described waterproof and dampproof layer 15 has following mounting means: a, waterproof and dampproof layer 15 to substitute alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1, directly sticks on the surface of hole insulation layer 3, and door and window 20 is installed on the waterproof and dampproof layer 15 in hole; B, waterproof and dampproof layer 15 stick on the hole alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1 above, door and window 20 is installed on the waterproof and dampproof layer 15 in hole; C, waterproof and dampproof layer 15 stick on the surface of hole insulation layer 3, and alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1 sticks on the surface of waterproof and dampproof layer 15, and door and window 20 is installed on the alkaline-resisting screen cloth 5-1 in hole; Waterproof and dampproof layer 15 is pasted with basic unit's body of wall 1 and the outdoor thin topping 8-2-1 overlap joint of plastering and is connected.
Embodiment nine, ten is applicable to the thin wall body door or window hole heat insulation break bridge structure of plastering, and the alkaline-resisting screen cloth in the hole of embodiment nine can play the effect that basic unit's body of wall 1 and the outdoor thin topping 8-2-1 that plasters are socketed, to guarantee the safety of hole heat insulation break bridge.
The hole insulation layer of Fig. 6, Fig. 8, Figure 11, Figure 13, Figure 16, Figure 22 is a mineral wool; coefficient of thermal conductivity is lower than the design coefficient of thermal conductivity of EPS plate; and paste in the door-window section bar outside, and the thin bar of EPS plate thin plastering is incubated or thin polyurethane is plastered approaches the topping of bar insulation; indoor protection layer and outdoor distance have been increased again; and it is favourable to the doorframe and window frame insulation; reduce the heat transfer of door and window, can further increase the building energy-saving heat insulation effect.When the thermal resistance of distance L+a route was not less than the resistance of main wall body heat, linear thermal transmittance can be " 0 ".And periphery insulation layer in hole is when adopting higher thermal insulation mortar of coefficient of thermal conductivity or glue powder polyphenyl particle, even the door and window outside is when plastering to cement mortar, and the heat-insulating bridge-cut-off effect is relatively poor, can not make the linear thermal transmittance in hole be " 0 ".Fig. 9, Figure 18, Figure 19, Figure 24 are when indoor basic unit body of wall is arranged; on basic unit's body of wall, increase the part insulation layer; window is installed on the insulation layer with the indoor protection layer correspondence position; the thermal resistance that the insulation layer that the indoor protection layer of jamb insulation layer is passed jamb arrives outdoor cold spot should be not less than the main body wall thermal resistance; the linear thermal transmittance of hole heat bridge is " 0 "; the insulation layer of jamb just need be very thick like this, is inconvenient to construct, and adopts in the time of unless necessary.
When adopting mineral wool, with plastic sheeting or composite plastic film parcel mineral wool panels as the door and window hole insulation layer.During construction on plastic sheeting or composite plastic film brushing polyacrylate elastic emulsion bonding adhesive parcel mineral wool panels, brushing polyacrylate elastic emulsion bonding adhesive on insulation layer EPS plate, the mineral wool panels of having wrapped up plastic sheeting or composite plastic film is sticked on the insulation layer, at plastic sheeting or composite plastic film outside brushing polyacrylate elastic emulsion bonding adhesive, the cement mortar of modification is plastered topping can be bonding with brushing polyacrylate elastic emulsion; At plastic sheeting or brushing polyacrylate elastic emulsion bonding adhesive above the composite plastic film, alkaline-resisting screen cloth and plastic sheeting to be pasted, alkaline-resisting screen cloth both sides and outdoor protection layer and indoor protection layer or basic unit's body of wall overlap joint stickup socket mutually.
Plastic sheeting is polyester film and polyester folder aluminium foil composite plastic film, lower (0 degree～-40 degree of vitrification point, with the engineering location lowest temperature, difference is selected the polyacrylate elastic emulsion of different glass temperature for use) polyacrylate elastic emulsion drying after soft after the film forming, paste firmly with plastic sheeting, the brushing easy construction, environment-protecting asepsis.Directly brushing polyacrylic acid fat liquor magma can be pasted with insulation layer EPS plate, and both the used bonding adhesive quantity of saving of labor was also few, cheap, the trapping good water-proof effect.And alkaline-resisting screen cloth both sides and the indoor and outdoor topping of plastering is pasted and needed paste with cement polymer mortar.

Claims (10)

1. hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window, it comprises insulation layer (3), indoor protection layer (8-1), outdoor protection layer (8-2), door and window (20); Described insulation layer (3) is macromolecule heat insulating material or mineral wool or straw or honeycomb card board or thermal insulation mortar; Described indoor protection layer (8-1) and outdoor protection layer (8-2) are cement mortar or fine gravel concrete plaster layers, or be modified cement mortar or fine gravel concrete plaster layers, or the outdoor protection layer (8-2) that is positioned at the hole is insulation layer, or the indoor protection layer (8-1) that is positioned at the hole is thermal insulation mortar; Described insulation layer (3) is positioned between indoor protection layer (8-1) and the outdoor protection layer (8-2), and insulation layer (3) is connected with outdoor protection layer (8-2) with indoor protection layer (8-1) respectively; It is characterized in that door and window (20) is installed on the insulation layer (3) of door and window hole, and indoor protection layer (8-1) and outdoor protection layer (8-2) are arranged respectively in the both sides of door and window (20), forms a kind of hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window.
2. a kind of hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window according to claim 1 is characterized in that, it also comprises alkaline-resisting screen cloth (5-1); Described alkaline-resisting screen cloth (5-1) sticks on the surface of hole insulation layer (3), and door and window (20) is installed on the alkaline-resisting screen cloth (5-1) at hole, and alkaline-resisting screen cloth (5-1) is pasted with indoor protection layer (8-1) and outdoor protection layer (8-2) overlap joint and is connected.
3. a kind of hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, it also comprises waterproof and dampproof layer (15), and described waterproof and dampproof layer (15) is polymer membranes or is plastic sheeting or composite plastic film; Described waterproof and dampproof layer (15) has following mounting means: a, waterproof and dampproof layer (15) to substitute alkaline-resisting screen cloth (5-1), directly sticks on the surface of hole insulation layer (3), and door and window (20) is installed on the waterproof and dampproof layer in hole (15); B, waterproof and dampproof layer (15) stick on the hole alkaline-resisting screen cloth (5-1) above, door and window (20) is installed on the waterproof and dampproof layer in hole (15); C, waterproof and dampproof layer (15) stick on the surface of hole insulation layer (3), and alkaline-resisting screen cloth (5-1) sticks on the surface of waterproof and dampproof layer (15), and door and window (20) is installed on the alkaline-resisting screen cloth in hole (5-1); Described waterproof and dampproof layer (15) is pasted with indoor protection layer (8-1) and outdoor protection layer (8-2) overlap joint and is connected.
4. hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window, it comprises insulation layer (3), basic unit's body of wall (1), outdoor protection layer (8-2), door and window (20); Described insulation layer (3) is macromolecule heat insulating material or mineral wool or straw or honeycomb card board or thermal insulation mortar; Described basic unit body of wall (1) is masonry panel or concrete wall; Described outdoor protection layer (8-2) is cement mortar or fine gravel concrete plaster layers, or be modified cement mortar or fine gravel concrete plaster layers, or the outdoor protection layer (8-2) that is positioned at the hole is insulation layer, or the indoor protection layer (8-1) that is positioned at the hole is thermal insulation mortar; Described insulation layer (3) is positioned between basic unit's body of wall (1) and the outdoor protection layer (8-2), and insulation layer (3) is connected with outdoor protection layer (8-2) with basic unit's body of wall (1) respectively; It is characterized in that door and window (20) is installed on the insulation layer (3) of door and window hole, and indoor protection layer (8-1) and outdoor protection layer (8-2) are arranged respectively in the both sides of door and window (20), forms a kind of hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window.
5. a kind of hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window according to claim 4 is characterized in that, it also comprises alkaline-resisting screen cloth (5-1); Described alkaline-resisting screen cloth (5-1) sticks on the surface of hole insulation layer (3), and door and window (20) is installed on the alkaline-resisting screen cloth (5-1), and alkaline-resisting screen cloth (5-1) is pasted with basic unit's body of wall (1) and outdoor protection layer (8-2) overlap joint and is connected.
6. according to claim 4 or 5 described a kind of hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window, it is characterized in that it also comprises waterproof and dampproof layer (15), described waterproof and dampproof layer (15) is polymer membranes or is plastic sheeting or composite plastic film; Described waterproof and dampproof layer (15) has following mounting means: a, waterproof and dampproof layer (15) to substitute alkaline-resisting screen cloth (5-1), directly sticks on the surface of hole insulation layer (3), and door and window (20) is installed on the waterproof and dampproof layer in hole (15); B, waterproof and dampproof layer (15) stick on the hole alkaline-resisting screen cloth (5-1) above, door and window (20) is installed on the waterproof and dampproof layer in hole (15); C, waterproof and dampproof layer (15) stick on the surface of hole insulation layer (3), and alkaline-resisting screen cloth (5-1) sticks on the surface of waterproof and dampproof layer (15), and door and window (20) is installed on the alkaline-resisting screen cloth in hole (5-1); Described waterproof and dampproof layer (15) is pasted with basic unit's body of wall (1) and outdoor protection layer (8-2) overlap joint and is connected.
7. hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window, it comprises insulation layer (3), basic unit's body of wall (1), siphonal lobe masonry (2), alkaline-resisting screen cloth (5-1), indoor, hole topping (8-1), outside, hole topping (8-2), door and window (20); Described insulation layer (3) is macromolecule heat insulating material or mineral wool or straw or honeycomb card board or thermal insulation mortar; Described basic unit body of wall (1) is masonry panel or concrete wall; Described hole indoor protection layer (8-1) and hole outdoor protection layer (8-2) are cement mortar or fine gravel concrete plaster layers, or be modified cement mortar or fine gravel concrete plaster layers, or be positioned at hole outdoor protection layer (8-2) for insulation layer, or the indoor protection layer (8-1) that is positioned at the hole is thermal insulation mortar; Described insulation layer (3) is positioned between basic unit's body of wall (1) and the siphonal lobe masonry (2); It is characterized in that; described alkaline-resisting screen cloth (5-1) sticks on the surface of hole insulation layer (3); alkaline-resisting screen cloth (5-1) is pasted with basic unit's body of wall (1) and outdoor protection layer (8-2) overlap joint and is socketed; door and window (20) is installed on the alkaline-resisting screen cloth (5-1) at hole; indoor, hole topping (8-1) and outside, hole topping (8-2) are arranged respectively in the both sides of door and window (20), form a kind of hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window.
8. a kind of hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window according to claim 7 is characterized in that, it also comprises waterproof and dampproof layer (15), and described waterproof and dampproof layer (15) is polymer membranes or is plastic sheeting or composite plastic film; Described waterproof and dampproof layer (15) has following mounting means: a, waterproof and dampproof layer (15) to substitute alkaline-resisting screen cloth (5-1), directly sticks on the surface of hole insulation layer (3), and door and window (20) is installed on the waterproof and dampproof layer in hole (15); B, waterproof and dampproof layer (15) stick on the hole alkaline-resisting screen cloth (5-1) above, door and window (20) is installed on the waterproof and dampproof layer in hole (15); C, waterproof and dampproof layer (15) stick on the surface of hole insulation layer (3), and alkaline-resisting screen cloth (5-1) sticks on the surface of waterproof and dampproof layer (15), and door and window (20) is installed on the alkaline-resisting screen cloth in hole (5-1); Described waterproof and dampproof layer (15) is pasted with basic unit's body of wall (1) and siphonal lobe masonry (2) overlap joint and is connected.
9. hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window, it comprises insulation layer (3), basic unit's body of wall (1), alkaline-resisting screen cloth (5-1), outdoor thin plaster topping (8-2-1), indoor, hole topping (8-1), outside, hole topping (8-2), door and window (20); Described insulation layer (3) is macromolecule heat insulating material or mineral wool or straw or honeycomb card board or thermal insulation mortar; Described basic unit body of wall (1) is masonry panel or concrete wall; Described hole indoor protection layer (8-1) and hole outdoor protection layer (8-2) are cement mortar or fine gravel concrete plaster layers, or be modified cement mortar or fine gravel concrete plaster layers, or be positioned at hole outdoor protection layer (8-2) for insulation layer, or the indoor protection layer (8-1) that is positioned at the hole is thermal insulation mortar; The described outdoor thin topping (8-2-1) of plastering is plastered for the cement polymer mortar glass fiber net is thin, and described insulation layer (3) is positioned at basic unit's body of wall (1) and outdoor thin plastering between the topping (8-2-1); It is characterized in that; described alkaline-resisting screen cloth (5-1) sticks on the surface of hole insulation layer (3); alkaline-resisting screen cloth (5-1) is pasted with basic unit's body of wall (1) and outdoor thin topping (8-2-1) overlap joint of plastering and is socketed; door and window (20) is installed on the alkaline-resisting screen cloth (5-1) at hole; indoor, hole topping (8-1) and outside, hole topping (8-2) are arranged respectively in the both sides of door and window (20), form a kind of hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window.
10. a kind of hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window according to claim 9 is characterized in that, it also comprises waterproof and dampproof layer (15), and described waterproof and dampproof layer (15) is polymer membranes or is plastic sheeting or composite plastic film; Described waterproof and dampproof layer (15) has following mounting means: a, waterproof and dampproof layer (15) to substitute alkaline-resisting screen cloth (5-1), directly sticks on the surface of hole insulation layer (3), and door and window (20) is installed on the waterproof and dampproof layer in hole (15); B, waterproof and dampproof layer (15) stick on the hole alkaline-resisting screen cloth (5-1) above, door and window (20) is installed on the waterproof and dampproof layer in hole (15); C, waterproof and dampproof layer (15) stick on the surface of hole insulation layer (3), and alkaline-resisting screen cloth (5-1) sticks on the surface of waterproof and dampproof layer (15), and door and window (20) is installed on the alkaline-resisting screen cloth in hole (5-1); Described waterproof and dampproof layer (15) is pasted with basic unit's body of wall (1) and outdoor thin topping (8-2-1) overlap joint of plastering and is connected.
CN2010102309990A 2009-12-21 2010-07-09 Hole heat insulation break bridge structure of composite heat-preservation wall door and window Withdrawn CN101881053A (en)

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