CN101848798A

CN101848798A - The method of analogue formation goods

Info

Publication number: CN101848798A
Application number: CN200880114918A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 小戴尔·E·波尔克; 维克托·沃伦斯基
Original assignee: LRM Industries International Inc
Current assignee: LRM Industries International Inc
Priority date: 2007-09-07
Filing date: 2008-08-08
Publication date: 2010-09-29
Anticipated expiration: 2028-08-08
Also published as: US8371839B2; CA2698698C; US20090065981A1; CA2698698A1; US7842226B2; US20110045118A1; KR20100085023A; WO2009032473A1; MX2010002237A; CN101848798B; JP2010537864A; EP2188099A1; KR101492298B1

Abstract

A kind of method that forms the thermoplastic sheet of shaping comprises provides former, and this former comprises first profiled part, this first profiled part has a moulding and perforated interior molded surface, and circumference limit.At least one sheet retainer is connected in the upper surface of framework, and this framework surrounds at least a portion on the first profiled part circumference limit.Each sheet retainer comprises clip portion, and this clip portion can be with respect to the location, circumference limit of first profiled part.Along with the first of thermoplastic sheet of heating remains in this clip portion, the step of this method comprise towards and/or the circumference limit that deviates from this first profiled part independently, reversibly and laterally move each sheet retainer.The location of sheet retainer allows the thermoplastic sheet thickness of the contact of inner molded surface and heating to be carried out part control, the thickness of the each several part of its control final mask goods.

Description

The method of analogue formation goods

Invention field

The present invention relates to a kind of method of analogue formation goods, relate in particular to a kind of method that forms the thermoplastic sheet of shaping.This method comprises the use of former (mold apparatus), and this former comprises at least one sheet retainer, and each sheet retainer can independently, reversibly and laterally be located with respect to the circumference limit of first profiled part.Each sheet retainer independently, reversible and horizontal location to the control of the thickness of the thermoplastic sheet of the heating that contacts with the inside molded surface of first profiled part in forming process (for example provides, and correspondingly control the thickness of each parts of final mask goods local control).

Background of invention

Single heat forming technology typically comprises: the preformation matrix (normally on reel) of thermoplastic is provided, the preformed thermoplastic sheet is heated to the temperature of thermoformable, and the thermoplastic sheet of heating is contacted with the molded surface of shaping.The thermoplastic sheet of heating typically is stretched to the molded surface that is shaped by vacuum and contacts, and this vacuum is pumped into by the perforation in the molded surface.

This single hot formed art methods typically and undesirably comprises a plurality of steps, such as forming thermoplastic sheet respectively, the preformed thermoplastic sheet is collected on the reel, the reel of preformed thermoplastic sheet (is for example transmitted, transport) to foundry work (or producer), and before the hot forming operation, heat the preformed thermoplastic sheet once more.In addition, this single hot formed art methods generally do not provide the enough control to the thermoplastic sheet thickness on (for example, the recessed) molded surface that is shaped yet.For example, the thermoplastic sheet of moulding may too thin (for example, in the deep drawn zone), and/or too thick in other zones.This changeability of matrix band thickness may cause the final mask goods to have undesirably variable physical property, such as fracture failure, and such as the aesthetic properties of uneven visual appearance (for example, irregular color and luster).

The heat forming technology that comprises the continuous extruding of thermoplastic sheet is known, and it uses the waste heat of the thermoplastic sheet of extruding to come hot forming.For example, referring to U.S. Patent number 6,814,905 B1,6,086,800 and 4,061,706.This continuous thermo shaping method, although may solve or eliminate some that comprise in a plurality of steps of using the preformed thermoplastic sheet, but typically and undesirably do not provide enough control to the thermoplastic sheet thickness on (for example, the recessed) molded surface that is shaped.

U.S. Patent number 4,555,377 disclose a kind of index hot forming machine (indexed thermoformingmachine) with cooling fin loading stage, sheet warm table, workbench and clip frame supported assembly.The clip frame supported assembly of No. 377 patents is described as the clip that comprises pivot action, and this clip is controlled the lax of clamped thermoplastic sheet after clamped thermoplastic sheet is heated and before the moulding.

What require is the new heat forming technology of exploitation and with the equipment of its use, and this method and apparatus reduces or got rid of the step that art methods typically runs into.In addition, further require this method and apparatus newly developed also the improvement of the thickness of the thermoplastic sheet of moulding to be controlled forming on the molded surface that thermoplastic sheet is being shaped and provide during moulding.

Summary of the invention

According to the present invention, a kind of method of analogue formation goods is provided, comprise:

(a) provide a kind of former, this former comprises:

(i) first profiled part, it has inner molded surface and circumference limit, and described inner molded surface has profile and a plurality of perforation,

(ii) framework, it surrounds at least a portion on the described circumference limit of described first profiled part, described framework has upper surface, described first profiled part and described framework can be relative to each other location vertically reversibly, and

(iii) at least one sheet retainer, each sheet retainer has clip portion, this clip portion is towards the described circumference limit of (or in the same way in) described first profiled part, and comprise clip element and clip inside, described clip element reversibly can be closed, described clip inside is partly limited by described clip element, each sheet retainer independently, reversibly and laterally is connected in the described upper surface of described framework, makes the described clip portion of each sheet retainer reversibly and laterally to locate with respect to described circumference limit;

(b) described first profiled part and described framework are relative to each other located, make this upper surface of described framework be positioned at top, described circumference limit;

(c) the described clip element with each sheet retainer is positioned open position, so that the passage near described clip inside is provided;

(d) form the thermoplastic sheet that heats by at least one thermoplastic synthetic, the thermoplastic sheet of this heating has the temperature of the thermoplastic sheet thermoformable that allows described heating, and the thermoplastic sheet of described heating has first surface and second surface;

(e) first of the described second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of described heating is contacted with the clip inside of at least one sheet retainer;

(f) the described clip element with described retainer is positioned at closing position, so that the described first of the thermoplastic sheet of described heating is clamped and remains in the described clip inside;

(g) described first profiled part and described framework are relative to each other located, so that the second portion of this second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of described heating is contacted with at least a portion of this inside molded surface of described first profiled part;

(h) laterally move at least one sheet retainer to the lateral attitude, this lateral attitude be selected from by towards described circumference limit, the group that deviates from described circumference limit and form,

Wherein, at least a portion of the thickness of the described second portion that laterally moves the thermoplastic sheet of controlling the described heating that contacts with the inside molded surface of described first profiled part of described retainer;

(i) decompression is extracted in described a plurality of perforation of the described inner molded surface by described first profiled part, makes the described second portion of described second surface of thermoplastic sheet of described heating mate the described profile of the described inner molded surface of described first profiled part in fact;

(j) thermoplastic sheet of the described heating of cooling, thereby the thermoplastic sheet of the shaping of the described profile of the described inner molded surface of described first profiled part of formation maintenance; And

(k) remove the thermoplastic sheet of described shaping from described first profiled part,

Wherein, the thermoplastic sheet of described shaping is described moldings.

The invention still further relates to as above-mentioned former, this former also comprises the vacuum plant with the first profiled part fluid communication.This vacuum plant controllably extracts decompression by a plurality of perforation of the inside molded surface of this first profiled part.

A kind of fluid handling structure (for example rainwater/waste water chamber) that uses method of the present invention to make also is provided, and wherein this fluid handling structure comprises:

Housing, the cross rib of a plurality of projectioies that it has the longitudinal axis, arched cross-section, the first base portion side flange, the second base portion side flange, extend to the described second base portion side flange from described first base flange, a plurality of continuous horizontal cut, open bottom, outer surface and the inner surface that extend to described second base flange from described first base flange, each continuous horizontal cut is between the cross rib of a pair of adjacent projection;

First soleplate, it has outer surface and inner surface; And

Second soleplate, it has outer surface and inner surface,

Wherein, described housing, described first soleplate and described second soleplate limit continuous overall structure together,

Each described first surface by the thermoplastic sheet of described heating of the described outer surface of the described outer surface of described housing, the described outer surface of described first soleplate and described second soleplate (and correspondingly the first surface of the moldings of making of the thermoplastic sheet of this shaping/thus) limits

Each described second surface by the thermoplastic sheet of described heating of the described inner surface of the described inner surface of described housing, the described inner surface of described first soleplate and described second soleplate (and correspondingly the second surface of the moldings of making of the thermoplastic sheet of this shaping/thus) limits

The described inner surface of the described inner surface of described housing, the described inner surface of described first soleplate and described second soleplate limits inner chamber together,

Described first soleplate has first opening, this first opening and described cavity fluid UNICOM,

Described second soleplate has second opening, this second opening and described cavity fluid UNICOM, and

Further wherein, described housing has the housing wall thickness, and described first soleplate has the first soleplate wall thickness, and described second soleplate has the second soleplate wall thickness, and described housing wall thickness, the described first soleplate wall thickness are equal in fact with the described second soleplate wall thickness.Fluid handling structure is the thermoplastic sheet/moldings by the shaping of method making of the present invention.

Show feature of the present invention and point out in detail in the claims, this claim invests present disclosure and forms the part of present disclosure.These and other features of the present invention, its service advantages and will from following detailed description and accompanying drawing, more fully understand by the objectives that its use obtains, preferred (but nonrestrictive) embodiment of the present invention describe in detail and accompanying drawing in explaination and description.

As employed in this paper and the claim, the term of direction and position, such as " on ", D score, " interior ", " outward ", " right side ", " left side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " bottom " and similar term be used to describe such as in the accompanying drawing orientation and the present invention of describing.Unless otherwise noted, the use of these terms is not inclined to representative to the restriction on the scope of the present invention, and wherein the present invention may take the position and the direction that substitute.

Unless otherwise noted, as all numbers or the statement of in specification and claim, using, such as the statement physical dimension, become component or the like those be understood that to modify by term " about " in all cases.

The accompanying drawing summary

Fig. 1 is the typical perspective view according to of the present invention former, has from the thermoplastic sheet of the heating of squeezing sheet mould (sheetdie) formation;

Fig. 2 is the typical perspective view of the sheet former of Fig. 1, also comprises the extruder and the separate vacuum pump that are used for first profiled part;

Fig. 3 is the typical perspective view of the sheet former of Fig. 1, and wherein Jia Re thermoplastic sheet extends through the part of sheet retainer and extends on the part of first profiled part;

Fig. 4 is the typical perspective view of the sheet former of Fig. 3, and wherein Jia Re thermoplastic sheet is from squeezing the separation of sheet mould and remaining on the clip portion of each sheet retainer;

Fig. 5 is the typical perspective view of the sheet former of Fig. 4, and its middle frame moves vertically downward, and the thermoplastic sheet of heating remains in the clip portion of each sheet retainer;

Fig. 6 is the typical perspective view of the sheet former of Fig. 5, and wherein Jia Re thermoplastic sheet has been drawn into the inner surface profile coupling of first profiled part by decompression and has contacted, and still is maintained in the clip portion of sheet retainer simultaneously;

Fig. 7 is first profiled part, framework and the independent Typical Planar figure of sheet retainer, and its middle frame is positioned in fact near the bottom of its vertical drop, and has represented to be in the sheet retainer of each lateral attitude;

Fig. 8 is the typical partial cut-away perspective view that first profiled part, framework similar in appearance to Fig. 7 and sheet retainer are arranged, the clip element of having represented the sheet retainer is in each state between the open and close position;

Fig. 9 is towards the typical perspective view according to the rear portion of of the present invention retainer;

Figure 10 is the typical perspective view towards the front portion of the sheet retainer of Fig. 9;

Figure 11 is the typical perspective view towards the front portion of the sheet retainer of Fig. 9, has represented the downside of sheet retainer;

Figure 12 forms and the Typical Planar figure of the second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of the heating used in the method for the invention;

Figure 13 is the typical front view of the second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of heating when the thermoplastic sheet of heating forms from squeezing the sheet mould, and wherein Jia Re thermoplastic sheet presents constriction;

Figure 14 is the typical partial side sectional view of the part of the former shown in Fig. 6, further comprises second profiled part;

Figure 15 is the typical optional perspective view of the sheet former of Fig. 3, and it provides the perspective view of the second screw jack actuator assembly (screw actuator assembly) (56);

Figure 16 is to use the typical case of the fluid handling structure of method making of the present invention to have an X-rayed axle figure such as essence; And

Figure 17 is the typical perspective view of downside of the fluid handling structure of Figure 16.

In Fig. 1 to Figure 17, unless otherwise noted, same reference marker refers to identical parts and architectural feature.

Detailed Description Of The Invention

See figures.1.and.2, method of the present invention comprises provides former 1, and the sheet former 1 more specifically, and this former 1 comprises first profiled part 11 with inner molded surface 14 and circumference limit 17.Inner molded surface 14 has profile and a plurality of perforation 26.The profile of inner molded surface 14 can comprise for example lug boss 20 and/or recess 23.Inner molded surface 14 can be recessed or recessed in fact inside molded surface (not shown), and in this case, it is present in 17 belows, circumference limit in fact.Alternatively, inner molded surface 14 can be an inside molded surface (as described) protruding in fact or that protrude, and in this case, the major part of inner molded surface 14 is present in 17 tops, circumference limit.In addition, inner molded surface 14 can comprise (for example, with respect to lug boss 20 and recess 23) relative shallow projection and/or recessed pattern (not shown), and such as groove, purpose provides the surface of the moldings with texture and/or typing sign.

Circumference limit 17 typically limits the final scope of first profiled part 11, surpasses this scope, and if any, the thermoplastic sheet that surpasses the heating of its extension does not form the part of final mask goods.Typically, if any, surpass the thermoplastic sheet that extends on circumference limit 17 and remove (for example being excision) from the final mask goods.Circumference limit 17 can have any suitable shape, such as circle, polygon, irregularly shaped or their combination.As describing in the accompanying drawing, circumference limit 17 is the form of the shelf of level in fact with upper surface 18 and terminal edge 19.

For clear, a plurality of perforation 26 are only described in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, and only on the part of inner molded surface 14.Perforation 26 can be positioned on whole in fact inner molded surface 14 or zone (or group).Perforation 26 can be in fact equably or unevenly (for example randomly) be arranged on the inner molded surface 14.If be arranged in the zone, the part of inner molded surface 14 is perforation not.A plurality of perforation typically are arranged on (or being positioned at) whole in fact inner molded surface 14 equably.

A plurality of perforation and at least one vacuum plant are such as the vavuum pump fluid communication.Typically, first profiled part 11 has by conduit 32 and a plurality of perforation 26 and at least one vacuum plant, at least one inner chamber (not shown) of vacuum plant 29 fluid communication for example, as shown in Figure 2.Conduit 32 can be a rigid conduit, but more typically is to be made by the flexible material that can reversibly coil.Conduit 32 is described as the part below by first profiled part, 11 shelves and supported structure 41.Supporting construction 41 comprises the upper surface 47 upwardly extending a plurality of beams 44 (for example, I type beam) from following platform 50.

Separate although be depicted as with first profiled part 11, vacuum plant 29 can be positioned at that nearer position (for example, being positioned on the platform 50, unlike what describe) alternatively.Vacuum plant 29 controllably extracts decompression by a plurality of perforation in the inner molded surface 14.For example, can jump in having the state of at least one pressure platform, or decompression can be drawn into the full capacity of vacuum plant 29 from the moment that vacuum plant 29 is opened (or being activated) by 26 decompressions of extracting of boring a hole.

In order to assist to remove moldings from first profiled part 11, gas (for example, air) can be discharged by perforation 26 when boosting (also promptly, at projecting atmospheric pressure).In order to discharge gases such as air by perforation 26 when boosting, vacuum plant 29 can be operated conversely, and/or separating pressure pump (not shown) can be used for and the inner chamber and perforation 26 fluid communication of first profiled part 11 correspondingly.In addition, can be cooled to the temperature (for example being lower than 25 ℃ temperature, such as 5 ℃ to 15 ℃) that is lower than environment temperature from 26 gases of discharging of boring a hole, the thermoplastic sheet with further assistance cooling heating makes it keep the contour shape of inner molded surface 14.

A plurality of perforation in the inner molded surface 14 can have any suitable shape and size, if they: (i) when moldings by when first profiled part 11 removes not by thermoplastic block, inaccessible or otherwise stop up; And (ii) do not cause undesirable surface characteristics or defective (for example plasticity projection of extending) on the final mask goods from its surface.Perforation in the inner molded surface 14 can have and is selected from polygonal shape (for example triangle, rectangle, square, pentagon, hexagon, heptagon, octagon etc. and combination thereof), circular, oval, the irregularly shaped and shape of cross section that makes up.Typically, the perforation of inner molded surface 14 has in fact circular shape of cross section, and this circular cross sectional shape has the diameter of 0.1mm to 7mm, 0.5mm to 5mm more typically, further 1mm to 3mm typically.In embodiments of the present invention, the perforation of inner molded surface 14 has in fact that diameter is the circular cross sectional shape of 1.6mm (1/16 inch).

Of the present invention former also comprises framework 35, at least a portion that this framework 35 surrounds the circumference limit 17 of first profiled part 11.Framework 35 has upper surface 38, and comprises opening 163, and this opening 163 is sized to and allows first profiled part 11, and its circumference limit 17 is passed wherein at least partly more specifically.The framework 35 and first profiled part 11 can be relative to each other reversibly vertically location (for example along as shown in Figure 1 z axle), the thermoplastic sheet of this permission heating is directed to the inside molded surface 14 of first profiled part 11 and contacts, and will further go through as this paper.For example, first profiled part 11 and framework 35 can be by the modes of technical approval, such as reversibly vertically locating independently of one another by piston, scissors jack and/or screw jack.

Framework 35 can use separately.Alternatively, framework 35 can use in conjunction with frame support 36, and this frame support 36 is positioned at framework 35 belows in abutting connection with ground and framework 35 is provided support.The independent framework 35 and the use of frame support 36 are favourable, because this independent framework that allows to have for example different sheet retainers and/or different sheet retainer structure exchanges (for example, with not on frame support 36) apace.When the moulding equipment configuration has different first profiled part with different size and/or structure, can exchange apace framework with its on relevant sheet retainer may need.The upper surface 38 of framework 35 is positioned at upper surface 37 tops of frame support 36.Framework 35 has outward flange 142.Framework 35 typically is sized to and makes its outward flange 142 inside with respect to the outward flange 145 of frame support 36.Sizing allows each sheet retainer 148 laterally (for example to move on the upper surface 38 of framework 35 like this, slide), and simultaneously its rear portion 204 can laterally move on the upper surface 37 of frame support 36 and from upper surface 37 separation of frame support 36, will further go through as this paper.

In embodiments of the present invention, first profiled part 11 comes down to fix with respect to the upright position, and framework 35 can reversibly and controllably vertically be located.In particular embodiment, framework 35 can reversibly vertically be located by the first screw jack actuator assembly 53 on the opposite side that is positioned at framework and the second screw jack actuator assembly 56.Screw jack actuator assembly (for example, 53 and 56) typically is positioned to so that the possibility that the screw jack actuator assembly directly touches the thermoplastic sheet of heating when the thermoplastic sheet of heating passes the sheet retainer and put down drops to minimum, will further go through as this paper.

With reference to Fig. 3, screw jack actuator assembly 53 comprises the upper surface 47 that is connected in platform 50 and from the upper surface 47 upwardly extending box frames 59 of platform 50.The first screw jack actuator assembly 53 further comprises: first screw rod 62, and it extends vertically upward from the first screw conveyer gear-box 65; With first guide rod 71, its upper surface 47 from platform 50 extends vertically upward.First screw rod 62 with from frame support 36 horizontal outward extending first screwed hole, 68 thread connection.First guide rod 71 does not have screw thread, its be slidingly connected from the frame support 36 horizontal outward extending first non-threaded guide holes 74.First actuator 53 also comprises: second screw rod 77 (in the accompanying drawings only partly as seen), and it extends vertically upward from the second screw conveyer gear-box 79; With second guide rod 82, its upper surface 47 from platform 50 extends vertically upward.Second screw rod 77 with from frame support 36 horizontal outward extending second screwed hole, 85 thread connection.Second guide rod 82 does not have screw thread, its be slidingly connected from the frame support 36 horizontal outward extending second non-threaded guide holes 88.

The first screw jack actuator assembly 53 also comprises main transmission gear case 91.Main transmission gear case 91 has: first transverse axis 94, and it laterally stretches out and connects with the first screw conveyer gear-box 65 from this main transmission gear case; With second transverse axis 97, it laterally stretches out and connects with the second screw conveyer gear-box 79 from this main transmission gear case.

The second screw jack actuator assembly 56 is the same with the first screw jack actuator assembly 53 in fact.With reference to Fig. 3, Fig. 5 and Figure 15, the second screw jack actuator assembly 56 comprises: first screw rod 121 and second screw rod 352, they extend from the first screw conveyer gear-box 355 and the second screw conveyer gear-box 139 respectively separately vertically upward, and respectively with first screwed hole 124 and second screwed hole, 358 thread connection; First guide rod 361 and second guide rod 127, they extend from the upper surface 47 of platform 50 respectively separately vertically upward, and are slidingly connected with the first non-threaded hole 364 and the second non-threaded hole 130 respectively; And main transmission gear case 133, it has first transverse axis 367 and second transverse axis 136, and they connect with the first screw conveyer gear-box 355 and the second screw conveyer gear-box 139 respectively separately.The second screw jack actuator assembly 56 has two independent box frames 100 and 103 rather than have a single box frame (such as the box frame 59 of the first screw jack actuator assembly 53).Box frame 100 comprises first screw rod 121 and first guide rod 361 of the second screw jack actuator assembly 56, and box frame 103 comprises second screw rod 352 and second guide rod 127 of the second screw jack actuator assembly 56.

The first and second screw jack actuator assemblies can be driven separately independently or together, and can be by craft or Mechanical Driven.Typically, the first and second screw jack actuator assemblies are mechanically driven separately, and more typically are mechanically driven together.Independent motor can be used to drive each screw jack actuator assembly.In one embodiment, and with reference to Fig. 3 and Figure 15, the first screw jack actuator assembly 53 and the second screw jack actuator assembly 56 drive together by single CD-ROM drive motor 106.CD-ROM drive motor 106 can be selected from known motor, and electro-motor typically.CD-ROM drive motor 106 has driving shaft 109 (in the drawings only partly as seen), it stretches out and connects with comprehensive transmission gear case 112 from this CD-ROM drive motor, this comprehensive transmission gear case 112 has first comprehensive transverse axis 115, the first comprehensive transverse axis 115 and stretches out and connect with the main transmission gear case 91 of the first screw jack actuator assembly 53 from this comprehensive transmission gear case.Comprehensive transmission gear case 112 has second comprehensive transverse axis 118, the second comprehensive transverse axis 118 and stretches out, passes for 41 times and connect with the main transmission gear case 133 of the second screw jack actuator assembly 56 in supporting construction by supporting construction 41/ from this comprehensive transmission gear case.

When starting and connect, CD-ROM drive motor 106 rotating driveshafts 109, driving shaft 109 makes the win comprehensive transverse axis 115 and second comprehensive transverse axis 118 rotations by comprehensive transmission gear case 112.The first comprehensive transverse axis 115 rotates 94 and second 97 on the axle of winning by main transmission gear case 91, these first 94 and second 97 first screw rod 62 and 77 rotations of second screw rod that make the screw jack actuator assembly 53 of winning by the first screw conveyer gear-box 65 and the second screw conveyer gear-box 79.Simultaneously, the second comprehensive transverse axis 118 makes the first comprehensive transverse axis 367 of the second screw jack actuator assembly 56 and the second comprehensive transverse axis 136 rotate by main transmission gear case 133, and this first comprehensive transverse axis and the second comprehensive transverse axis correspondingly make first screw rod 121 of the second screw jack actuator assembly 56 and second screw rod 352 rotate by the first screw conveyer case 355 and the second screw conveyer case 139 of the second screw jack actuator assembly 56.Screw rod (62 and 77; 121 and 352) with their respective threads holes (68 and 85; 124 and 358) thread connection and thereby make direction that framework 35 rotates according to for example CD-ROM drive motor 106 and driving shaft 109 and vertical up or down moving.Further, correspondingly, non-threaded guide rod (71 and 82; 361 and 127) with their corresponding non-threaded holes (74 and 88; 364 and 130) be slidingly connected, so that the vertical of stable frame 35 moves.Because the layout of each and transmission gear case, the first and second screw jack actuator assemblies are controllably driven together.

Former of the present invention also comprises at least one sheet retainer 148.With reference to Fig. 7 to Figure 11, each sheet retainer has clip portion 151, and this clip portion 151 is towards the circumference limit 17 of (or in the same way in) first profiled part 11.Clip portion 151 comprises clip element 154 and clip inside 157.Clip element 154 reversibly can be closed.Clip inside 157 is partly limited by clip element 154, and more specifically interior (or the down) surface 160 by clip element 154 limits at least in part.Clip inside 157 can be limited by the combination that is positioned at the part under it of the upper surface 38 of the inner surface 160 of clip element 154 and framework 35; Or more typically limit with the combination of the upper surface of the front portion of the substrate that is positioned at the sheet retainer 148 under it, will further go through as this paper.Each sheet retainer 148 independently, reversibly and laterally is connected in the upper surface 38 of framework 35, makes clip portion 151 reversibly and laterally to locate with respect to the circumference limit 17 of first profiled part 11.

Although former of the present invention comprises at least one sheet retainer, it more typically comprises at least two separate and sheet retainers (for example 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 or separate and sheet retainer independently) independently more.Sheet retainer 148 can be located with any layout (for example symmetry or asymmetric ground) on the framework 35 around the opening 163, if the clip portion 151 of each sheet retainer towards or towards circumference limit 17 orientations of (in the same way in) first profiled part 11.In one embodiment, former comprises eight sheet retainer 148A, 148B, 148C, 148D, 148E, 148F, 148G and 148H.For example, referring to Fig. 7.First profiled part 11 has the plan view shape of rectangle generally, and the sheet retainer arranges to have symmetrically along the long side and the end of first profiled part: sheet retainer 148A, the 148B and the 148C that grow side 166 location along first of first profiled part 11; Grow sheet retainer 148D, 148E and the 148F of side 169 location along second of first profiled part 11; Be positioned at the sheet retainer 148G of first end 346; And be positioned at the sheet retainer 148H (Fig. 7) of the second end 349.Sheet retainer (148A, 148B and 148C) along the first long side 166 is positioned to become the reverse symmetry relation in fact with respect to the sheet retainer (148D, 148E and 148F) along the second long side 169.The sheet retainer 148G that is positioned at first end 346 is positioned to become the reverse symmetry relation in fact with respect to the sheet retainer 148H of the second end 349 that is positioned at the opposite.

Sheet retainer 148 may further include substrate 172, and it has upper surface 175, lower surface 178 and anterior 181.Specifically referring to Figure 10.Clip element 154 hingedly is connected in the upper surface 183 of the front portion 181 of substrate 172.More specifically, clip element 154 is connected in upper surface 183 by hinge components 185, these hinge components 185 hinge ground (or rotatably) are engaged in

hinge retainer

188 and 191, and this hinge retainer 188 and 191 (relative to each other) relative positioning forwardly extends upward on 181 the upper surface 183 and from this upper surface 183.The clip portion 151 of sheet retainer 148 is limited by the front portion 181 of clip element 154 and substrate 172.The upper surface 183 of the front portion 181 of substrate 172 and the inner surface 160 of clip element 154 limit clip inside 157 together.

At least a portion of the lower surface 178 of substrate 172 is slided and syntople for 38 one-tenth with the upper surface of framework 35.In one embodiment, sheet retainer 148 further comprises at least one the elongation guide member that extends from the lower surface 178 of substrate 172, and it is accommodated in the groove or slit (not shown) of the suitable dimension in the upper surface 38 of framework 35.The elongation guide member is oriented the circumference limit 17 horizontal outwards (for example outwards vertical) from first profiled part 11, and the reversible laterally mobile improvement control (for example directed) to the sheet retainer in the method and apparatus of the present invention is provided.With reference to Figure 11, sheet retainer 148 has the first elongation guide member 186 that extends from the lower surface 178 outside (downwards) of substrate 172 and the second elongation guide member, 189, the first elongation guide members 186 and the second elongation guide member 189 and is accommodated in slidably in the groove or slit (not shown) of the suitable dimension in the upper surface 38 of framework 35.The slip of elongation guide member (186,189) in the groove of the upper surface 38 of framework 35 receives and to be used for the orientation (for example clip portion 151 is towards the circumference limit 17 of first profiled part 11) that when sheet retainer 148 reversibly laterally rearranges in the methods of the invention retention tab retainer 148 is in needs.

Reversible laterally the moving of each sheet retainer can manually or more typically mechanically be reached.In one embodiment and with reference to Fig. 9 and Figure 10, sheet retainer 148 further comprises first linear actuators 192 with first end 195 and the second end 198.As at this with use in the claims, term " linear actuators " means reversibly expandable linearly device.As using about the sheet retainer, linear actuators can be selected from the technical generally acknowledged device such as linear screw jack actuator, hydraulic linear actuator, pneumatic linear actuators and combination thereof.The substrate 172 of sheet retainer 148 further comprises slit (or elongation hole/hole) 201 and has the rear portion 204 of upper surface 207.

The first end 195 of first linear actuators 192 is arranged in slit 201 and is fixedly connected on the upper surface 38 of framework 35.The first end 195 of first linear actuators 192 typically is pivotally connected to support 210, and this support 210 is connected in the upper surface 38 of framework 35.Pivotally connected can reaching between first end 195 and the support 210 by technical generally acknowledged device, all pins that passes through the hole horizontal expansion in support 210 and the first end 195 in this way of this technical generally acknowledged device.The second end 198 of first linear actuators 192 is fixedly connected to the upper surface 207 at the rear portion 204 of substrate 172.More typically, the second end 198 of first linear actuators 192 is pivotally connected to from the upper surface 207 upwardly extending supports 213 at the rear portion 204 of substrate 172.Pivotally connected can reaching between the second end 198 and the support 213 by technical generally acknowledged device, all pins 237 that passes through the hole horizontal expansion in support 213 and the second end 198 in this way of this technical generally acknowledged device.

As shown in the drawing, first linear actuators 192 comprises cylinder 216 that comprises piston (invisible) and the reversibly retractable-arm 219 that is threadedly connected to the second end 198.The reversible linearity of first linear actuators 192 is opened provides the reversible of the circumference limit 17 of sheet retainer 148 with respect to first profiled part 11 laterally to move.More specifically, when retractable-arm 219 elongation, the circumference limit 17 that sheet retainer 148 deviates from first profiled part 11 laterally (for example, under the situation of sheet retainer 148A along the x axle or under the situation of sheet retainer 148G along the y axle) move.Correspondingly, when retractable-arm 219 is withdrawn in the cylinder 216, sheet retainer 148 towards the circumference limit 17 of first profiled part 11 laterally (for example, under the situation of sheet retainer 148A along the x axle or under the situation of sheet retainer 148G along the y axle) move.For example referring to Fig. 7.

The clip element 154 of sheet retainer 148 can be manually or more typically mechanically reversibly closed/opens.In one embodiment and with further reference to Fig. 9 and Figure 10, sheet retainer 148 further comprises second linear actuators 222 with first end 225 and the second end 228.The same with first linear actuators 192, second linear actuators 222 is expansible linearly reversibly, and can be from such as selecting the known linear actuators such as linear screw jack actuator, hydraulic linear actuator, pneumatic linear actuators and combination thereof.

The first end 225 of second linear actuators 222 is pivotally connected to the outer surface 231 of clip element 154.More typically, the first end 225 of second linear actuators 222 is pivotally connected to outer surface 231 outward extending supports or the elongator 234 from clip element 154.As shown in the drawing, the first end 225 of second linear actuators 222 is rack forms, elongator 234 is accommodated in this support, and pivotally connected can reaching therebetween by technical generally acknowledged method, all pins (invisible in the accompanying drawings) that extends and be connected in first end 225 in this way by the hole in the elongator 234 of this technical generally acknowledged method.The second end 228 of second linear actuators 222 is connected in the upper surface 207 at the rear portion 204 of substrate 172.Typically, the second end 228 is pivotally connected to from the upper surface 207 upwardly extending supports (for example support 213) at the rear portion 204 of substrate 172.Pivotally connected can reaching between the second end 228 and the support 213 by technical generally acknowledged method, all pins that extends by support 213 and the second end 228 in this way of this technical generally acknowledged method.

In one embodiment, the second end 228 of the second end 198 of first linear actuators 192 and second linear actuators 222 all is connected in same support (for example support 213).In this specific implementations and as shown in the figure, the second end 228 of second linear actuators is pivotally connected to the top of support 213, and the second end 198 of first linear actuators 192 is connected in the bottom of support 213 under the tie point of the second end 228.

As shown in the drawing, second linear actuators 222 comprises cylinder 240 that comprises piston (invisible) and the reversibly regracting/extending arm 243 that is threadedly connected to first end 225.The reversible linearity of second linear actuators 222 is opened the reversible closure (and correspondingly opening) that clip element 154 is provided.Particularly, when reversibly retractable-arm 243 is extended, clip element 154 moves to closing position or moves towards closing position, and correspondingly when 243 withdrawals (in cylinder 240) of retractable-arm reversibly, clip element 154 moves to open position or moves towards open position.

Under the situation of hydraulic pressure and/or pneumatic actuation linear actuators, the linear actuators of sheet retainer can be equipped with port, fluid (for example gas and/or liquid, such as hydraulic fluid/oil) passed through this port introducing (typically, boosting down) so that open linearly or the linear actuators of withdrawing.With reference to Figure 10 and purpose in order to set forth, second linear actuators 222 comprises first port 247 and second port 250, boosting down, fluid (for example gas and/or liquid, such as oil) pass through the introducing of this port, so that extend linearly and the arm 243 of withdrawing, thus and it is reversibly closed and open clip element 154.First linear actuators 192 can similarly be equipped with these port (not shown).

Discuss in one embodiment and as this paper is previous, framework 35 can be positioned on the following frame support 36 and by this frame support 36 and support.The outward flange 142 of framework 35 is sized to so that inside with respect to the outward flange 145 of frame support 36.The location that outward flange 142 that can Selection Framework 35 is inside with respect to the outward flange 145 of frame support 36, the rear portion 204 that makes sheet retainer reversible laterally move to cause each sheet retainer 148 along, laterally move discretely up and with the upper surface 37 of frame support 36.For example referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8.More specifically, in this embodiment, the rear portion that is arranged in substrate 172 204 of lower surface 178 (or down) that part of along, laterally move discretely up and with the upper surface 37 of frame support 36.This layout may be required, and reason includes but not limited to, when sheet retainer 148 in use allows lubricant to apply to the lower surface 178 of substrate 172 when (for example in procedure of the present invention), comprises and for example extends

guide member

186 and 189.

In of the present invention forming process, the part of the thermoplastic sheet of heating is contacted with the clip inside 157 of the clip portion 151 of sheet retainer 148, as what this paper was further discussed.Typically, the part of the thermoplastic sheet of heating under clip element 154 folder and the sheet of heating therefore remain in the clip inside 157 before and be contacted with anterior 181 upper surface 183 afterwards.In order to prevent or reduce stained (for example, by keeping fusing or the approaching thermoplastic that melts thereon) of the clip portion 151 of sheet retainer 148, may need provides temperature control (for example cooling) for the front portion 181 at least of sheet retainer 148.In one embodiment, the substrate 172 of sheet retainer 148 is provided with at least one closed channel 253, and it extends in the front portion 181 of substrate 172.For example referring to the sheet retainer 148B of Fig. 8, wherein the terminal point of closed channel 253 is depicted in the rear portion 204 of substrate 172.Closed channel can extend through substrate 172, and perhaps it can be the form (not shown) of the conduit of the outer surface (for example upper surface 175) that is connected in substrate 172.

Closed channel 253 is sized to make by its heat-exchange fluid and is accepted and passes through.Heat-exchange fluid can be selected from well known to a person skilled in the art those, such as water, ethylene glycol (for example alkylidene ethylene glycol (alkylene glycol), such as vinyl ethylene glycol (ethylene glycol), propyleneglycoles (propylene glycol) and/or polyalkylene glycols (poly-alkylene glycol)), alcohol (for example methyl alcohol, ethanol, normal propyl alcohol and/or isopropyl alcohol) and their mixture.For example, with reference to Fig. 9, heat-exchange fluid can extract from the reservoir of heat exchanger (not shown), introduces and by port 259 removings the reservoir of heat exchanger (and turn back to) by port 256.Heat-exchange fluid typically (for example is lower than the temperature of temperature of the thermoplastic sheet of heating, such as being less than or equal to room temperature, 20 ℃, 15 ℃ or 10 ℃) and is incorporated into closed channel 253 when lowering temperature.Heat-exchange fluid flows into anterior 181 (not shown)s by closed channel 253, and is used for removing Shi Congqi at heat-exchange fluid from port 259 and removes heat energy.

Sheet retainer and various parts thereof can be with any suitable rigid material such as substrate and clip element.For example, each sheet retainer can be used metal, thermoset plastic material, thermoplastic, ceramic material and combination manufacturing thereof.Typically, the sheet retainer is made with metal (for example steel).

The sheet retainer can have any suitable dimensions, as long as they can remain on the part of thermoplastic sheet of heating in its clip portion.With reference to Fig. 9 and Figure 10, substrate 172 typically has the width 262 from 7.62cm to 127cm, more typically from 15.24cm to 101.6cm, and more typically from 30.48cm to 60.96cm.In one embodiment, substrate 172 has the width 262 of 50.75cm.Substrate 172 typically has the length 265 from 7.62cm to 127cm, more typically from 15.24cm to 101.6cm, and more typically from 30.48cm to 60.96cm.In one embodiment, substrate 172 has the length 265 of 45.72cm.Clip element 154 typically has the width 268 from 7.62cm to 127cm, more typically from 15.24cm to 101.6cm, and more typically from 30.48cm to 60.96cm.In one embodiment, clip element 154 has the width 268 of 50.75cm, and its essence is first-class to the width 262 of substrate 172.Alternatively, the rear portion 204 of substrate 172 can have different width 262 with anterior 181.For example, the width 262 at rear portion 204 can be greater than the width 262 of (or less than) anterior 181.

Of the present invention former can further comprise extruder 271 and crowded sheet mould 274 (Fig. 2).Extruder comprises having supply side 277 and whole (or extruding) end 283 of supplying with port 280.Extruder 271 can be from selecting known single screw rod or reverse or the co-rotating twin screw extruder for a person skilled in the art.Extruder 271 typically comprises the one or more heat affected zone along the length of its barrel portion 286, and its temperature is controllable.The thermoplastic synthetic that typically comprises at least one thermoplastic polymer and selectively one or more additives (for example glass fibre and/or antioxidant) is introduced in supplies with port 280, when it moves through barrel portion 286, be melted and chemical combination, and go out from terminal 283 as the thermoplastic synthetic of fusing.

The terminal 283 and crowded sheet mould 274 fluid communication of extruder 271.Fluid communication between terminal 283 and the crowded sheet mould 274 is typically reached by conduit 289.Conduit 289 can selectively be heated.The thermoplastic synthetic of fusing from the terminal 283 of extruder 271 forward, by conduit 289 and enter and squeeze sheet mould 274.Crowded sheet mould 274 typically comprises at least one inner passage with conduit 289 fluid communication, and the slit (not shown).In addition, squeeze sheet mould 274 and can heat separately, be in molten state so that keep the thermoplastic of extruding.Slit is positioned at the bottom of squeezing sheet mould 274, and the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating is gone out from slit.The inner passage of the thermoplastic of fusing by squeezing sheet mould 274 and the formation of the thermoplastic sheet 292 of the slit heating that causes having first surface 295 (Fig. 3) and second surface 298.

Squeezing sheet mould 274 can be the dynamically crowded sheet mould with a plurality of (not shown), each can controllably and reversibly move through the slit that squeezes sheet mould 274 independently by the actuator (not shown) that separates, so that control the amount of the thermoplastic of the fusing of passing through it, thereby and correspondingly from its come out also thickness, width and the shape of the thermoplastic sheet of the heating of generation.Door can be operated so that produce the thermoplastic sheet of the heating of the opening (not shown) with no thermoplastic.For example, when the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating formed, some of the inside of formation sheet can be closed the time of pre-fixed length and then be opened, thereby causes opening or slit to be formed in the sheet.

Except slit, squeeze the opening (not shown) that sheet mould 274 can have a plurality of lateral arrangement, the thermoplastic of fusing occurs by this opening.Opening be located such that typically that the thermoplastic of the fusing that occurs from opening occurs and with from its adjacency/thermoplastic of the fusing that contiguous opening occurs become continuous, thereby form the thermoplastic sheet of heating.The opening of a plurality of lateral arrangement is effective as the slit about the formation of the thermoplastic sheet of heating.Each opening can have reversibly relative and controllably closable door (not shown).

Squeezing sheet mould 274 and first profiled part 11, framework 35 and sheet retainer 148 can relative to each other locate in any suitable manner, as long as can be contacted with the inside molded surface 14 of inner 157 and first profiled part 11 of clip of each sheet retainer 148 from the thermoplastic sheet 292 that squeezes the heating that sheet mould 274 comes out.For example, squeezing sheet mould 274 can locate so that produce the gravity ground thermoplastic sheet 292 of the heating of whereabouts (as described) downwards, and first profiled part 11, framework 35 and sheet retainer 148 be the perpendicular positioning (not shown) together, so that the plane parallel of the thermoplastic sheet of the heating of falling with gravity ground.

In embodiments of the present invention and as shown in the figure, first profiled part 11, framework 35 and sheet retainer 148 are positioned in the plane of squeezing sheet mould 274 belows together, for example by the plane of x axle and y axis limit shown in Figure 1.In order to reference, circumference limit 17 is arranged in the plane that x axle and y axle by Fig. 1 are limited in fact.When the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating forms and from squeezing sheet mould 274 vertically and gravity ground when falling: (i) crowded sheet mould 274 can be reversibly removable the plane above the plane at first profiled part 11, framework 25 and each sheet retainer 148 place; And/or (ii) first profiled part 11, framework 35 and each sheet retainer 148 can reversibly be positioned to squeeze in the plane of sheet mould 274 belows together.This relatively moving of squeezing sheet mould 274 and first profiled part 11, framework 35 and each sheet retainer 148 provides second surface 298 and clip inner 157 and the contacting of inside molded surface 14 of first profiled part 11 optionally.Squeezing sheet mould 274 can be by reversibly removable such as the known way on track or rail (not shown).

In embodiments of the present invention, first profiled part 11, framework 35 and each sheet retainer 148 are located together and can reversibly be moved in the plane below squeezing sheet mould 274, and crowded sheet mould 274 comes down to fix.

For realize first profiled part 11, framework 35 and sheet retainer 148 together reversible in the plane below squeezing sheet mould 274 laterally move, first profiled part 11, framework 35 and each sheet retainer 148 are positioned on the platform 50 together.As described before this paper, first profiled part 11 is shelved on the supporting construction 41, and this supporting construction 41 comprises the upper surface 47 upwardly extending a plurality of I type beams 44 from platform 50.Sheet retainer 148 is shelved on the upper surface 38 of framework 35, this framework 35 is shelved on the frame support 36, this frame support 36 is supported by the first and second screw jack actuator assemblies (53 and 56) (reversibly vertically), this first and second screw jack actuators assembly is connected in the upper surface 47 of platform 50, as describing in detail before this paper.Platform 50 is positioned in the plane of squeezing sheet mould 274 belows and can reversibly moves (for example, represented as the four-headed arrow among Fig. 1 301) along the y axle in the plane below squeezing sheet mould 274.

Platform 50 can be reversibly removable with known move mode in the plane below squeezing sheet mould 274, such as slideway, track, single wheel, in conjunction with the wheel and the combination (not shown) thereof of rail.Platform 50 can more specifically be described as and comprise top board 51 and as the upper surface 47 of the upper surface of top board 51.Top board 51 can self vertically and reversibly can be located and (for example be passed through piston, not shown), make all objects be shelved on and/or be connected in upper surface 47 (for example first profiled part 11, framework 35, sheet retainer 148, the first and second screw jack actuator assemblies 53 and 56 etc.) vertically to reorientate along the z axle together.The perpendicular positioning that can take first profiled part 11, framework 35 and sheet retainer 148 to coordinate together, reason includes but not limited to, with the clip of each sheet retainer 148 inner 157 and optionally the surface, inside 14 of first profiled part 11 be positioned to more approach or away from crowded sheet mould 274, and more specifically more approaching/away from the slit that squeezes sheet mould 274, the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating occurs from this slit.This perpendicular positioning of top board 51 may be desirable, reason includes but not limited to, the thickness of the thermoplastic sheet 292 of control heating when the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating is contacted with the surface, inside 14 of inner 157 and first profiled part 11 of clip, and extrude/reach this contact before the constriction of thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating, as what this paper was further gone through.

In the method for the invention, initial, first profiled part 11 and framework 35 (and sheet retainer 148) are relative to each other located, and make the upper surface 38 of framework 35 be positioned at 17 tops, circumference limit of first profiled part.For example referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.When first profiled part is first to protrude profiled part when (as shown in the diagram depicted), except being positioned at top, circumference limit, the original position of the upper surface of framework can be: (i) first protrude profiled part the inside molded surface on above the terminal point; Or (ii) above the circumference limit and first protrude profiled part the inside molded surface on below the terminal point.As describing in the accompanying drawing, the upper surface 38 of framework 35 is positioned at the last terminal point top of 17 tops, circumference limit and inner molded surface 14 at first.Under the situation of the first recessed profiled part (being recessed in below, circumference limit in fact), the original position of framework makes its upper surface above the inside molded surface of the circumference limit and the first recessed profiled part.

The relative positioning of the framework 35 and first profiled part 11 can be realized according to the explanation that provides before this paper.For example, the first and second screw jack actuator assemblies (53,56) can (for example by motor 106 and each axle and transmission gear case) start, so that along mobile vertically upward frame support 36 of z axle and framework 35 (reaching correspondingly sheet retainer 148), make the upper surface 38 of framework 35 be positioned at the last terminal point top on the surface, inside 14 of the circumference limit 17 and first profiled part 11, as describing in the accompanying drawing.

In the method for the invention, the clip element 154 of each sheet retainer 148 is adjusted to open position.Each clip element 154 is positioned at open position, so that provide particularly from the passage of each sheet retainer 148 top near each clip inside 157.For example referring to the clip element 154 of visible each sheet retainer 148A-148C among the clip element 154 of the sheet retainer 148C of Fig. 8 and Fig. 3, all these is shown in an open position.In one embodiment, arm 243 withdrawals (for example in cylinder 240) of second linear actuators 222, this is used for clip element 154 is pulled back rotatably around hinge components 185, thereby clip element 154 is positioned at open position.

In the method for the invention, the thermoplastic sheet (for example 292) with heating of first surface (for example 295) and second surface (for example 298) is formed by at least one thermoplastic synthetic.Particularly, when: (i) be contacted with and remain in the clip inside of each sheet retainer; And when (ii) contacting and being pulled to intimate profile and being contacted with the inside molded surface of first profiled part, the thermoplastic sheet of heating has the temperature (for example temperature of thermoformable) that allows its thermoformable.Although the temperature of thermoplastic sheet of heating may be equal to or greater than the fusing point of thermoplastic sheet, the temperature of the thermoplastic sheet that heats more typically is equal to or greater than the softening point (or glass transition temperature) of thermoplastic sheet, and less than the fusing point of thermoplastic sheet.

In the embodiment of method of the present invention, the thermoplastic sheet of heating has the inside between first and second surfaces of the thermoplastic sheet of heating.In this embodiment, the temperature of the thermoplastic sheet of heating comes down to consistent (for example change and be less than or equal to 2 ℃ or 1 ℃) on its first surface, inside and second surface thereof.Particularly, when: (i) first of the second surface of Jia Re thermoplastic sheet is contacted with the clip inside of at least one sheet retainer, and when (ii) the second portion of the second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of the described heating inside molded surface that pasting first profiled part stretched, temperature was consistent.

The temperature of thermoplastic sheet of heating can be determined by technical generally acknowledged method, such as first and second surfaces with the thermoplastic sheet of thermocouple contact heating, and thermocouple is inserted into the inside of the thermoplastic sheet of heating.Alternatively, or in addition additionally, remote temperature sensor can be used for determining the temperature on first and second surfaces of the thermoplastic sheet of heating such as infrared sensor.

As this and employed in the claims, term " sheet " and similar term comprise term " film " and similar term such as " squeeze sheet mould " with " thermoplastic sheet of heating ", such as " crowded film mould " and " thermoplastic film of heating ".When squeezing the sheet mould and more specifically come out from the slit that squeezes the sheet mould, the thermoplastic sheet of heating typically has the thickness from 0.5mm to 25mm, more typically from 1.5mm to 15mm, and further typically from 6mm to 12mm.In embodiments of the present invention, when squeezing the sheet mould and come out, the thermoplastic sheet of heating has the thickness of 9mm.At the thermoplastic sheet that extends heating and be taken in the process that contact with the inside molded surface outline of first profiled part, the thickness of the thermoplastic sheet of heating (thermoplastic sheet of the heating when coming out from crowded sheet mould slit) typically reduces.The thermoplastic sheet of the shaping of the moldings of being made by method of the present invention typically has the thickness from 0.25mm to 12.5mm, more typically from 0.75mm to 8mm, and further typically from 3mm to 6mm.In embodiments of the present invention, the thermoplastic sheet of the shaping of the moldings of being made by method of the present invention has the average thickness of 4.5mm.

The thermoplastic sheet of the heating that forms in the process of method of the present invention can have any suitable width and length.Because the thermoplastic sheet of heating typically forms by squeezing the sheet mould, thus its width typically depend on and be subject to the width that squeezes the sheet mould, and more specifically squeeze the width of sheet slit of the elongation of sheet mould.The thermoplastic sheet of heating for example can have from 2.5cm to 5m or the width of 31cm to 3m or 61cm to 2m.The thermoplastic sheet of heating can have any suitable length, because it is typically formed continuously by method of the present invention.For example, the thermoplastic sheet of heating can have from 31cm to 10m or 61cm to the length of 2m.In the specific embodiment of the present invention, the thermoplastic sheet of heating has the length of width and the 5m (about 16.5 feet) of 3m (about 10 feet).

The thermoplastic sheet of heating can be formed by known method, comprises thermoplastic synthetic is melted so that form the thermoplastic synthetic of fusing, and the thermoplastic synthetic from fusing forms the thermoplastic sheet that heats then.In one embodiment also as described before this paper, thermoplastic synthetic is fusing in extruder 271 (for example single screw rod or in the same way or counter rotating twin screW extruder), this extruder have be provided with the supply side 277 of supplying with port 280 and eventually (or extruding) holds 283.The terminal 283 of extruder and crowded sheet mould 274 (for example by conduit 289) fluid communication.The thermoplastic synthetic of fusing forms in extruder, and (by conduit 289) forward and by squeezing sheet mould 274, so that form the thermoplastic sheet (for example 292) of heating.The thermoplastic sheet of the heating typically slit from squeeze the sheet mould comes out, and from it vertically and whereabouts, gravity ground.Squeezing the sheet mould can select and operation according to the explanation that is provided before this paper.

The thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating comes out from squeezing sheet mould 274, makes the inside molded surface 14 of its second surface 298 towards inner 157 and first profiled part 11 of clip of (for example in the face of) sheet retainer 148.The first surface 295 of the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating is the clip inner 157 and the inner molded surface 14 of (for example upwards away from) sheet retainer 148 dorsad.

The thermoplastic sheet 292 of the second surface 298 of the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating and heating self be described as about the present invention have first, second portion and third part.For the purpose of setting forth, and with reference to Figure 12, the first 304 of the second surface 298 of the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating be positioned at generally near or towards the position on the whole limit 307 of sheet 292.The second portion 310 of second surface 298 is positioned at the position of central area of the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating generally.The position in the zone that the third part 313 of second surface 298 (for example gets involved between the two) between the first 304 and second portion 310 of the thermoplastic sheet 292 that heats generally.First surface 295 also can similarly be described as and has first 304, second portion 310 and third part 313, and they are at the opposite side (promptly on first surface 295) with respect to the second surface 298 of the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating.In addition, the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating can more generally be described as has first 304, second portion 310 and third part 313, corresponding to those parts depicted in figure 12.

In the method for the invention, the first of the second surface 298 of the thermoplastic sheet of heating (for example 304) is contacted with the clip inside 157 of the clip portion 151 of at least one sheet retainer 148.Typically, when the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating formed, it sequentially was contacted with the clip inside 157 of the sheet retainer 148 of arranged in succession.For example, when the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating when squeezing sheet mould 274 and come out and extending downwards, framework 35, sheet retainer 148 and first profiled part 11 can be in the planes below squeezing sheet mould 274, and (for example y axle in Fig. 1) laterally moves (as described before this paper), for example the direction of arrow 302 in Fig. 3.With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, thermoplastic sheet 292 formation when heating, and the framework 35 and first profiled part 11 are when it is laterally mobile down, and the first 304 of the second surface 298 of the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating is incorporated into by adjoining land and contacts so that the clip of following tactic retainer 148 is inner: sheet retainer 148G;

Sheet retainer

148C and 148F;

Sheet retainer

148B and 148E then;

Sheet retainer

148A and 148D; And final sheet retainer 148H.

In the method for the invention, clip element 154 then moves on to closing position, so that clamp and keep being received in the first of the thermoplastic sheet of the heating in the clip inside 157.More specifically, the part of clip element 154 is introduced in 304 one-tenth adjacency of first and the clamping/maintenance relation with the first surface 295 of the thermoplastic sheet 292 that heats, and the first 304 of the second surface 298 of sheet 292 is adjacent to the upper surface 183 of front portion 181 of the substrate 172 of sheet retainer 148 with keeping simultaneously.

After the thermoplastic sheet of heating had touched the clip inside of all sheet retainers, the clip element of all sheet retainers can as one man move to closing position.For example, the clip element 154 of sheet retainer 148A-148H can as one man move to closing position.Alternatively, be introduced in the clip that is contacted with the sheet retainer in succession when inner in the first of second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of heating, the clip element of sheet retainer can sequentially move to closing position.For example, the clip element 154 of each sheet retainer 148 is moved to closing position with following order: sheet retainer 148G;

Sheet retainer

148C and 148F;

Sheet retainer

148B and 148E then;

Sheet retainer

148A and 148D; And final sheet retainer 148H.

In one embodiment, the arm of second linear actuators 222 243 extends the outside of cylinder 240 (for example to), and it is used for around the mobile rotatably forward clip element 154 of hinge components 185, therefore clip element 154 is positioned at closing position.For example referring to the clip element 154 of the sheet retainer 148A of Fig. 8, it is in the close position.With reference to Fig. 4, the clip element 154 of whole eight sheet retainer 148A-148H is in the close position, and wherein the first of Jia Re thermoplastic sheet 292 is clamped and remain in the clip inside 157 of each sheet retainer.In addition, in Fig. 4, the thermoplastic sheet 292 that remains on the heating in the sheet retainer of framework 35 separates with crowded sheet mould 274.Although do not describe in Fig. 4, the part of the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating can still be come out from squeezing sheet mould 274, but separates with the thermoplastic sheet 292 that remains on the heating in the sheet retainer 248.

As described before this paper, clip inside 157 can by the inner surface 160 of clip element 154 and: (i) upper surface 38 of framework 35 is positioned at that part of under it; And/or (ii) the combination of the upper surface 183 of the front portion 181 of the substrate 172 of sheet retainer limits.In one embodiment, the first of the thermoplastic sheet of heating remains in the clip inside 157, and this clip inside 157 is limited by the combination of the upper surface 183 of the front portion 181 of the substrate 172 of the inner surface 160 of clip element 154 and sheet retainer.Correspondingly, the first of the thermoplastic sheet of heating clamped/remain between the upper surface 183 of front portion 181 of substrate 172 of at least a portion of inner surface 160 of clip element 154 and sheet retainer.

Along with the first of thermoplastic sheet of heating remains in the clip inside of sheet retainer, first profiled part 11 and framework 35 are relative to each other located, so that with the second portion of the second surface of the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating (for example 310, Figure 12) be contacted with at least a portion of the inside molded surface 14 of first profiled part 11.For contacting of at least a portion of the second portion of the second surface of the thermoplastic sheet realizing heating and inner molded surface: (i) first profiled part 11 can vertically be reorientated (for example axially go up along z and move), and framework 35 and sheet retainer 148 are vertically fixing; (ii) first profiled part 11 is vertically fixing, and framework 35 and sheet retainer 148 can vertically be reorientated (for example axially moving down along z); Or (iii) first profiled part 11 can vertically be reorientated (for example axially go up along z and move), and while framework 35 and sheet retainer 148 can vertically be reorientated (for example axially moving down along z).

In one embodiment, and with reference to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, first profiled part 11 comes down to fix with respect to perpendicular positioning, and framework 35 (with sheet retainer 148) is reversibly and controllably vertically orientable (for example along the z axle).In this embodiment, framework 35 (and correspondingly sheet retainer 148) is (for example along the z axle vertically downward) of location reversibly, controllably and vertically with respect to the first vertically fixing profiled part 11, thus the contacting of at least a portion of the second portion (for example 310) that causes the second surface (298) of the thermoplastic sheet 292 that heats and the inside molded surface 14 of first profiled part 11.Framework 35 can move along the z axle with sheet retainer 148, so that be positioned at 17 belows, circumference limit of first profiled part 11.According to the explanation that is provided before this paper, framework 35 can reversibly and vertically be located by the first and second screw jack actuator assemblies (53,56).

According to the original position of framework 35 with respect to inner molded surface 14, at least a portion of the second portion of the second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of heating and the inside molded surface of first profiled part contact can prior to, simultaneously in or contact (or clamp maintenance) generation of back in the clip inner 157 of the contacting of the clip inside 157 of the first of the second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of heating and the clip portion 151 of sheet retainer 148 (or clamp keep)/in the clip portion 151 of sheet retainer 148.For example, framework 35 can be located such that at first that its upper surface 38 is in the last terminal point below (under the situation of first profiled part that protrudes) of the inside molded surface 14 of 17 tops, circumference limit and first profiled part 11, in this situation, the second portion of the second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of heating contact inner molded surface a part can prior to or simultaneously in the second portion and clip inside/contacting and/or maintenance in clip inside of the sheet of heating.In embodiments of the present invention, clip inside 157/ the contacting in the clip inner 157 of the clip portion 151 of sheet retainer 148 (or clamping maintenance) of the first of the second portion of the second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of heating and the second surface that contacts the thermoplastic sheet that occurs in heating of at least a portion of the inside molded surface of first profiled part and the clip portion 151 of sheet retainer 148 afterwards.

Prior to, simultaneously in or the back in the contacting of at least a portion of the second portion of the second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of heating and the inside molded surface of first profiled part, each sheet retainer (with the first of the sheet that remains on the heating in its clip inside) laterally moves to the lateral attitude that is selected from towards the circumference limit 17 of first profiled part 11 and/or deviates from circumference limit 17 independently.For example, when framework 35 vertically moved down (and the second surface of thermoplastic sheet of heating be introduced in at least a portion of the inside molded surface of first profiled part contact), each sheet retainer 148 can be constantly and/or is laterally located with respect to the circumference limit 17 of (also promptly towards and/or deviate from) first profiled part 14 off and on.Alternatively, vertically move down and the second surface of the thermoplastic sheet that heats correspondingly is introduced in before at least a portion of the inside molded surface of first profiled part contacts at framework 35, each sheet retainer 148 can laterally be reorientated independently with respect to circumference limit 17.Further alternatively, the second surface that has vertically moved down the thermoplastic sheet of the bottom of its vertical stroke (for example) and heating at framework 35 correspondingly has been introduced in after at least a portion of the inside molded surface of first profiled part contacts, and each sheet retainer 148 can laterally be reorientated independently with respect to circumference limit 17.

In the specific embodiment of method of the present invention, laterally move at least one sheet retainer to the step of (with respect to model circumference limit) lateral attitude before following steps, in fact simultaneously and at least one execution afterwards: first profiled part and framework are relative to each other located, so that the second portion of the second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of described heating is contacted with at least a portion of the inside molded surface of first profiled part.More specifically, laterally move to a few sheet retainer to the step of its relative lateral attitude in fact simultaneously in and/or the back carry out in relatively locating the step of first profiled part and framework.Further particularly, laterally moving to few sheet retainer to step of its relative lateral attitude side by side carries out with the step of relatively locating first profiled part and framework in fact.

In embodiments of the present invention and described before as this paper, each sheet retainer can be by extending or the reversibly retractable-arm 219 of first linear actuators 192 of withdrawing laterally reorientate independently.For example, when arm 219 extended cylinder 216, sheet retainer 148 moved along the circumference limit 17 that the x axle laterally deviates from first profiled part 11.Correspondingly, when arm 219 was withdrawn in the cylinder 216, sheet retainer 148 laterally moved on the circumference limit 17 of first profiled part 11 or the direction on the circumference limit 17 of first profiled part 11 along the x axle.

The sheet retainer (with keep/be clamped in its clip inside in the first of sheet of heating) the thickness of at least a portion of the second portion that laterally moves the thermoplastic sheet that is used to control the heating that contacts with the inside molded surface of first profiled part.In addition, the sheet retainer (with keep/be clamped in its clip inside in the first of sheet of heating) the second portion of the second surface that laterally moves also auxiliary and the thermoplastic sheet of strengthening heating contact with the intimate outline of the inside molded surface of first profiled part.

Be not inclined to by any theory and limit, and based on evidence on hand, should believe, when the sheet retainer is laterally mobile towards the circumference limit of first profiled part, be contacted with inner molded surface (tube model is not to protrude or recessed pattern) along with the sheet that heats is introduced in, the sheet material of relatively large heating can be used.The thermoplastic that is present in the relatively large heating of sheet retainer on the model in the place that model moves that part of causes increasing at this regional sheet thickness (and correspondingly at the moldings that increases thickness that has in this zone).Correspondingly, to deviate from the circumference limit of first profiled part horizontal when mobile when the sheet retainer, is contacted with inner molded surface (tube model is not to protrude or recessed pattern) along with the sheet of heating is introduced in, and the sheet material of more a spot of heating can be used.The thermoplastic that is present in the more a spot of heating on model that part of that the sheet retainer deviates from the place that model moves causes reducing at this regional sheet thickness the moldings of thickness (and correspondingly reduce having of this zone).

Around the circumference limit of model, locate under the situation of a plurality of laterally repositionable retainer (for example 148A-H), because for example some sheet retainers move towards the circumference limit, and other sheet retainer deviates from the circumference limit of model and moves, thus the thickness of the sheet of heating can be in the zones of different of model/on change.

Has the complex internal molded surface at first profiled part, for example have the part that can be called protrusion and can be called under the situation of other recessed parts, some sheet retainers can be towards the circumference limit laterally move, and other sheet retainer deviates from the circumference limit and laterally moves.For example, sheet retainers of those contiguous inside molded surface parts of protruding can deviate from the circumference limit and laterally move; And the sheet retainer of the inside molded surface part of those adjacent recessed can laterally move towards the circumference limit; Or vice versa.Alternatively, or in addition additionally, when the second surface of thermoplastic sheet of heating is introduced in when contacting with the surface, inside of model, the lateral attitude of one or more retainers (for example can be adjusted, sequence is adjusted and/or is adjusted continuously), these positions are selected from towards model circumference limit, deviate from model circumference limit and any combination, order or its additional combination (for example, towards, deviate from and towards or deviate from, towards with deviate from).

As previously discussed, in the method for the invention, each sheet retainer can laterally be reorientated, so that influence is to the control of the thickness of the thermoplastic sheet of the heating on the each several part of the inside molded surface of first profiled part.In one embodiment, each sheet retainer can (for example towards or deviate from model circumference limit) move through one section lateral separation, this distance is typically from 2.54cm to 91.44cm, more typically from 5.08cm to 60.96cm, and further typically from 7.62cm to 30.48cm.In one embodiment, each sheet retainer can (for example towards or deviate from model circumference limit) moves through one section lateral separation of about 19.05cm.

Along with at least a portion of second portion of the second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of heating is contacted with at least a portion of the inside molded surface of first profiled part, a plurality of perforation of decompression by inner molded surface (for example 26) (for example relying on first vacuum plant 29 and conduit 32) are pumped into.The second portion of the second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of heating (because decompression) is drawn into the close profile that is contacted with and is matched with inner molded surface of close relative.For example referring to Fig. 6.

The inside molded surface of first profiled part can optionally be heated, so that the second portion of the second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of auxiliary heating and the inside molded surface of contoured are complementary.Yet, owing to the waste heat in the thermoplastic sheet that is retained in heating (, for example using), so typically do not need to heat separately the inside molded surface of first profiled part in the method for the invention once going out to squeeze the sheet mould because it is once formation.In addition, in view of the waste heat in the thermoplastic sheet that is retained in heating, typically do not need in the method for the invention to the heating thermoplastic sheet independent or external heated.

When maintenance contacted with the intimate outline of inner molded surface, the thermoplastic sheet of heating was cooled.The cooling of thermoplastic sheet of heating causes keeping the formation of thermoplastic sheet of shaping of profile of the inside molded surface of first profiled part.The thermoplastic sheet of heating typically is cooled to the temperature less than the softening point or the glass transition temperature of thermoplastic sheet.When being cooled in its softening point or the temperature below the glass transition temperature, thermoplastic sheet is thermoformable no longer, and therefore keeps the contour shape of inner molded surface.

The cooling of the thermoplastic sheet of heating can be reached by known methods.For example, cold air can be by the first surface of thermoplastic sheet of heating, and/or the inside molded surface of first profiled part can (for example rely on conduit-unshowned freezing fluid or the refrigerant by the molded surface below, inside that is positioned at first profiled part) and is cooled.

After thermoplastic sheet fully cooled off, the thermoplastic sheet of resulting shaping (or moldings) removed from first profiled part.The thermoplastic sheet that removes shaping from first profiled part can be reached by technical generally acknowledged method.For example, one or more ejector sleeve cores (ejector core) (not shown) molded surface internally reversibly stretches out, and the thermoplastic sheet that promote to be shaped effectively leaves and away from first profiled part.Alternatively, or in addition additionally, gas (for example air) can be under pressure by a plurality of perforation in the inner molded surface (for example 26), leave and away from first profiled part thereby the thermoplastic sheet that is shaped lifted.

(for example 17) extends into the clip inside 157 of the clip portion 151 of sheet retainer 148 from the circumference limit of first profiled part 11 for the method according to this invention, the redundance of thermoplastic sheet.The thermoplastic sheet (or moldings) that this redundance of thermoplastic sheet can be used for assist formation removes from the inner surface of first profiled part.In embodiments of the present invention and with reference to Fig. 6, after thermoplastic sheet has cooled off and has hardened, and the redundance of thermoplastic sheet is in the clip inside 157 of clip portion 151 of (for example remaining on) sheet retainer 148, frame support 36 and framework 35 vertically move up, and this thermoplastic sheet (292) that causes being shaped is picked up and is left and remove from the surface, inside 14 of first profiled part 11.Because the redundance of thermoplastic sheet is in the clip portion of sheet retainer, framework 35 any suitable distance that can vertically move up, so that the thermoplastic sheet that realize to be shaped is from the separation of first profiled part, move total vertical range (the total vertical range of for example being described between Fig. 1 and Fig. 6 that moves) of 5%, 10%, 25%, 50%, 75% or 100% such as method middle frame 35 of the present invention.

Sucked by decompression and with after the intimate outline of inside molded surface of first profiled part contact at the thermoplastic sheet of heating, the redundance that extends to the thermoplastic sheet in the clip inner 157 of clip portion 151 of sheet retainer 148 from the circumference limit of first profiled part is typically put at certain and is separated along the circumference limit.Unnecessary thermoplastic sheet material can separate before or after the thermoplastic sheet that is shaped removes from first profiled part.Typically, unnecessary thermoplastic sheet material separates after first profiled part removes at the thermoplastic sheet that is shaped.

Unnecessary thermoplastic sheet material can optionally separate after first profiled part removes at the thermoplastic sheet that is shaped.Unnecessary thermoplastic sheet material can be used, for example, in such as sand milling, label, punch, insert connect and/or the moulding of japanning etc. after fixing and thermoplastic sheet material (moldings) that transmission is shaped in the operating process.After operation was finished after moulding, unnecessary thermoplastic sheet material can separate from the thermoplastic sheet material that is shaped then.

When the thermoplastic sheet of heating from squeezing the sheet mould vertically and during whereabouts, gravity ground, it may meet with constriction, this width that will cause the thermoplastic sheet of heating reduces.In order to set forth and with reference to Figure 13, the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating is described as the displaying necking phenomenon.When the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating falls by vertical range 316, formed constriction forward part 319 with initial width 322.Thermoplastic sheet 292 in heating further falls by after the vertical range 325, and necking phenomenon takes place, and has formed the transition portion 328 with the width that reduces changeably.After falling by distance 325, necking phenomenon is finished, and has formed the neck down portions 331 with regime width 334.The width 334 of neck down portions 331 is less than the width 322 of the initial part 319 of the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating.

The phenomenon of sheet constriction may have many reasons, includes but not limited to: the thermoplastic synthetic of fusing, squeeze the structure (for example shape of its slit) of sheet mould, the temperature of the thermoplastic sheet of heating and their combination when the thermoplastic sheet of heating comes out from squeezing the sheet mould.The phenomenon of constriction is undesired typically because the minimizing of the width of the thermoplastic sheet of resulting heating usually wideer, the heavier and more expensive crowded sheet mould of use necessitate.

In embodiments of the present invention, the clip of the first of the second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of heating and the clip portion 151 of sheet retainer 148 inner 157 step that contact (reach and optionally sheet is clamped/remain on clip inside) occurs in before the constriction of thermoplastic sheet of heating.The thermoplastic sheet of heating is contacted with the clip of sheet retainer is inner, and (and optionally further clamping the sheet that heats therein) stoped the constriction of the thermoplastic sheet of heating in fact.With further reference to Figure 13, for example, when the first of second surface 298 vertical range 316 in (also promptly before the constriction generation) of the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating is contacted with and optionally clamped/remains in the clip inside of sheet retainer, the constriction of the thermoplastic sheet of heating is prevented from fact, and the thermoplastic sheet of heating keeps its initial (non-constriction) width 322.

As before about the discussion of sheet former, in the embodiment of method of the present invention, first profiled part, framework and correspondingly the sheet retainer be positioned together and can in the plane below squeezing the sheet mould plane of x axle among Fig. 1 and y axis limit (for example by), move, and crowded sheet mould comes down to fix.First profiled part 11 and framework 35 (and on sheet retainer 148) can be positioned on the platform 50 together, and according to the explanation that provides before this paper, this platform 50 can move in the plane below squeezing sheet mould 274.First former 11 is positioned on the model support frame 41, and this model support frame 41 is shelved on the upper surface 47 of platform 50, and framework 35 is by the first and second screw jack actuator assemblies (53, the 56) support of the upper surface 47 that is connected to platform 50.

In this specific embodiment, this method also comprises: move first profiled part, framework and sheet retainer in the plane when thermoplastic sheet forms below squeezing the sheet mould together, thus the contact between the inside molded surface of the clip of the thermoplastic sheet of being convenient to heat and each the sheet retainer inside and first profiled part.When first profiled part and sheet retainer were mobile below crowded sheet mould, the thermoplastic sheet of heating was crossed it effectively and is dangled.For example referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 4.With reference to Fig. 3, first profiled part 11, framework 35 and sheet retainer 148 are squeezing below the sheet mould 274 (for example on platform 50 with arrow 302 indicated directions) mobile linear speed, and can be controlled together, so that the thickness of the thermoplastic sheet 292 of control heating when dangling in the clip inside that the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating is crossed model and sheet retainer from squeezing the speed that sheet mould 274 produces the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating.The speed that the thermoplastic sheet of linearly moving speed and heating forms can be separately changeably and controlled independently so that change the thickness of the thermoplastic sheet of the heating of crossing inner molded surface.

In Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, for clear, the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating is described as rigidity.Because the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating has at least the temperature greater than its softening point, in fact, the thermoplastic sheet 292 of a heating part of more typically crossing the clip inner 157 of sheet retainer 148 and optionally inner molded surface 14 dangle (rather than rigidly thereon/wherein and/or cross it).

In the method for the invention, the thermoplastic sheet of heating is typically put and is squeezed the sheet mould and separate at certain after it has been contacted with the clip inside of sheet retainer with before the thermoplastic sheet that is shaped removes from first profiled part.In one embodiment, this method comprise prior to, simultaneously in or the back in following steps from squeezing the thermoplastic sheet that the sheet mould separates heating: first profiled part and framework are relative to each other located, so that make the second portion of second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of heating be contacted with at least a portion of the inside molded surface of first profiled part.With reference to Fig. 4, after the first of sheet of heating has remained in the clip portion of sheet retainer; And first profiled part and framework are relative to each other being located so that before the second portion of the second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of heating being contacted with at least a portion of inside molded surface of first profiled part, the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating separates from squeezing sheet mould 274.

Of the present invention former can also comprise second profiled part with inner molded surface, in this case, this method can also comprise with the inside molded surface compression of second profiled part be contacted with the step of first surface of the thermoplastic sheet of heating.The inside molded surface of second profiled part is performed with the contacting of first surface of the thermoplastic sheet of heating: (i) the second portion of the second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of heating (decompression that relies on the perforation of the inside molded surface by first profiled part to be pumped into) be pulled to after the intimate outline of inside molded surface of first profiled part contacts; And the thermoplastic sheet that (ii) heats in cooling (and formation of the corresponding thermoplastic sheet that is shaped) before.

With reference to Figure 14, second profiled part 337 has inner molded surface 340.First profiled part 11 and second profiled part 337 can relative to each other reversibly be located (for example along arrow 343), and the inside moulding section 340 that makes the inside molded surface 14 of the profiled part 11 of winning and second profiled part 337 relative to each other subtend is reversibly located.More specifically, the inside moulding section 340 of the first surface 295 of the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating and second profiled part 337 relative to each other subtend reversibly locate (as depicted).When second profiled part 337 with the direction of arrow 343 expression when first profiled part 11 moves, the first surface 295 of the thermoplastic sheet 292 of the inside molded surface 340 compression ground contact heating of second profiled part 337.Second profiled part 337 can be by moving such as the known way on the vertical track that relies on the piston (not shown).Second profiled part 337 typically is positioned at the long-range compression forming position that forms position (squeeze sheet mould 274 and be positioned at this place) with respect to the thermoplastic sheet of heating.Usually, platform 50 (for example in orbit, as described earlier in this article) move to long-range compression forming position, and second profiled part 337 is introduced in the first surface 295 that compression is contacted with the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating by known move mode.

The inside molded surface 340 of second profiled part 337 typically is introduced in 1.0kg/cm ²To 4.0kg/cm ²The compression stress compression of (14 to 57psi) is contacted with the first surface 295 of the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating, more typically from 1.2kg/cm ²To 2.0kg/cm ²(17 to 28psi), and further typically from 1.3kg/cm ²To 1.8kg/cm ²(19 to 27psi).In one embodiment, the inside molded surface 340 of second profiled part 337 typically is introduced in 1.5kg/cm ²Compression stress compression (21psi) is contacted with the first surface 295 of the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating.

The inside molded surface of second profiled part can be taked with contacting of the first surface of the thermoplastic sheet of heating, and reason includes but not limited to: the first surface of surface characteristics being given the thermoplastic sheet of heating; The thickness of control strip; And/or make the first surface of sheet smooth.The inside molded surface of second profiled part can be smooth, or it can comprise the part of projection and/or reduction.

As discussing before this paper, some in the various steps of the inventive method can be as described in succession, simultaneously or reversible order carry out.In embodiments of the present invention, step (a) to (k) execution one after the other described in the summary of the invention of this paper in fact.

In the further embodiment of the inventive method, step: (h) laterally move at least one sheet retainer to (with respect to the circumference limit of first profiled part) lateral attitude, before following steps, in fact simultaneously and at least one execution afterwards: (g) first profiled part and framework are relative to each other located, so that the second portion of the second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of heating is contacted with at least a portion of the inside molded surface of first profiled part.In the specific embodiment, step: (h) laterally move at least one sheet retainer, carry out in following steps in fact simultaneously to its (with respect to the circumference limit of first profiled part) lateral attitude; (g) first profiled part and framework are relative to each other located, so that the second portion of second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of heating is contacted with at least a portion of the inside molded surface of first profiled part.

In another embodiment of the inventive method, step: (i) decompression is extracted in a plurality of perforation of the inside molded surface by first profiled part, make the second portion of second surface of thermoplastic sheet of heating mate the profile of the inside molded surface of first profiled part in fact, simultaneously in following steps and execution one of following steps after one after the other: (h) laterally mobile at least one sheet retainer is to (with respect to the circumference limit of first profiled part) lateral attitude.

Step: (g) first profiled part and framework are relative to each other located, so that the second portion of second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of heating is contacted with at least a portion of the inside molded surface of first profiled part; (h) laterally move at least one sheet retainer to its (with respect to the circumference limit of first profiled part) lateral attitude; And decompression is extracted in a plurality of perforation of (i) passing through the inside molded surface of first profiled part, the second portion of the second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of feasible heating mates the profile of the inside molded surface of first profiled part in fact, can in fact side by side carry out in one embodiment.

In the methods of the invention, the second portion (by decompression) of the second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of heating being pulled to the step that contact with the intimate profile of inside molded surface of first profiled part can assist or strengthen by forming to seal between the circumference limit of the second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of heating and first profiled part.Particularly, the third part of the second surface 298 of the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating (for example 313 of Figure 12) is contacted with the circumference limit 17 (and whole particularly circumference limit) of first profiled part 11, thereby forms sealing between third part and circumference limit.After the sealing of sheet-circumference limit forms or with it simultaneously, can take the perforation (for example 26) on surface, inside (for example 14) to extract the step that reduces pressure subsequently by first profiled part.When decompression is extracted in the perforation by inner molded surface, can form vacuum in the airtight or sealed space that second portion and inner molded surface limited or near vacuum by the second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of heating.Vacuum or moved to downwards on the inner molded surface effectively near the thermoplastic sheet that therefore formation of vacuum cause heating.

Method of the present invention can also comprise step: when the thermoplastic sheet of heating forms, and when sheet has the temperature that allows its thermoformable (for example when the thermoplastic sheet of heating comes out from squeezing the sheet mould or the thermoplastic sheet of heating after crowded sheet mould comes out soon), the one or more films form of label or continuous film band (for example with) are attached on the first surface of thermoplastic sheet of heating.Typically, when sheet forms, and first profiled part and framework are relative to each other being located so that before the second portion of the second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of described heating being contacted with the step of at least a portion of inside molded surface of described first profiled part first surface of the thermoplastic sheet that film is applied to heat.

Film can be the single or multiple lift film, and comprises at least one ductile bed of selecting from thermosetting plastic layer and/or thermoplastic layer.The thermosetting of rete and thermoplastic can be selected from material well known by persons skilled in the art.The thermoplastic layer's of film thermoplastic can be for example selected from those thermoplastics that this paper quotes about the thermoplastic sheet of heating.Typically, film comprises at least one thermoplastic layer (for example layer of LLDPE-LLDPE).Film has: second surface, and it is in abutting connection with the first surface of the thermoplastic sheet of (for example being fused to) heating; And first surface, its with respect to first surface of the thermoplastic sheet of heating outwards and with the first surface of the thermoplastic sheet of this heating be not syntople.

Except at least one ductile bed, film can further optionally comprise at least one nonplastic layer of selecting from for example metal level and ply of paper.Typically, if present, nonplastic layer is inserted between two ductile beds.Except at least one ductile bed, film can optionally further comprise at least one viscous layer.If present, this viscous layer typically limits the outer or surface (for example second surface) of film, and is positioned to so that adhesively contact the first surface of the thermoplastic sheet of heating.Film can comprise colouring agent (for example dyestuff and/or pigment) and/or mark.Mark can be for example from symbol, letter, numeral, design, photograph describe and their combination select.Mark can be applied to first (or outer) surface of film, and/or can be embedded in the film.In one embodiment, be labeled as such as one and/or the form of the bar code of two-dimensional bar.

If film can be applied to heating thermoplastic sheet first surface and be not damaged (for example torn to shreds and/or have hole) by its fusing, film can have any suitable thickness.For example, film can have from 0.05mm to 0.76mm or the thickness of 0.08mm to 0.64mm or 0.13mm to 0.51mm.In one embodiment, film is the monolayer thermoplastic film (for example individual layer LLDPE film) with 0.38mm thickness.

In the specific embodiment, film is the form form of ribbon or tape (for example with) of continuous film band.Continuous film band is present in (not shown) on the reel, and it is positioned at first surface (295) top of the thermoplastic sheet (292) of heating.When the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating when squeezing sheet mould 274 and come out and crossing framework 35 and sheet retainer 148, the reel of film is rotated, so that transfer out continuous film band with the consistent direction of the direction that forms and put down with sheet in fact (for example machine direction, shown in the arrow 302 of Fig. 3).When the thermoplastic sheet of heating forms, the first surface of the thermoplastic sheet of the second surface contact heating of continuous film band.The second surface of continuous film band can compress the first surface of the thermoplastic sheet of heating by suitable manner, all air knifes in this way of this suitable manner, this air knife towards the first surface of continuous film band discharge pressurization (with optionally, heating) air.(when the thermoplastic sheet of heating is crossed framework 35 and put down) air knife typically is placed on vertically the place, centre position between the first surface of the thermoplastic sheet of the reel of continuous film band and heating.In one embodiment, the second surface of continuous film band is limited by the thermoplastic layer, and it becomes the first surface of the thermoplastic sheet that is fused to heating/fuse together with the first surface of the thermoplastic sheet of heating.In the specific embodiment, continuous film band is made by single thermoplastic layer (for example comprising LLDPE), and has the thickness of 0.13mm to 0.51mm (for example 0.38mm).

When sheet formed, the direction that forms with sheet, the part of the first surface of the thermoplastic sheet that continuous film band is applied to heat caused having the formation of the moldings of the continuous film band that extends along at least a portion of its first surface.The continuous film band of first surface that is applied to the thermoplastic sheet/moldings of shaping like this can (for example under the situation such as a plurality of fluid handling structures in rainwater chamber or waste water chamber) be used to discern and/or a plurality of such moldings that align.

In the method for the invention, the thermoplastic sheet of heating is formed by at least one thermoplastic synthetic (for example by fusing chemical combination/extrude).Thermoplastic synthetic comprises at least a thermoplastic.As at this with use in the claims, term " thermoplastic " means plastic material with similar term, this plastic material has softening and melting point, and in fact not by the three-dimensional cross-linked net that produces that forms of the covalent bond between the chemical reaction base, this chemical reaction base for example is reactive hydrogen base and free isocyanate group.The example that can be included in the thermoplastic in the thermoplastic synthetic includes but not limited to: thermoplastic polyurethanes, the thermoplasticity polyureas, TPI, polyamide thermoplastic, polyamide thermoplastic imines (thermoplastic polyamideimide), thermoplastic polyester, thermoplastic poly carbonic ether (thermoplastic polycarbonate), thermoplasticity polysulfones (thermoplasticpolysulfone), thermoplasticity polyketone (thermoplastic polyketone), TPO, thermoplasticity (methyl) acrylate (thermoplastic (meth) acrylate), thermoplastic acrylonitrile-butadiene-diene-styrene (thermoplastic acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene), thermoplastic styrene-acrylonitrile (thermoplastic styrene-acrylonitrile), thermoplastic acrylonitrile-cinnamic acrylic ester (thermoplastic acrylonitrile-stryrene-acrylate) and combination (for example wherein at least two mixing and/or alloy) thereof.

In embodiments of the present invention, the thermoplastic of each thermoplastic synthetic is independently selected from thermoplastic polyolefin in various situations.As at this with use in the claims, term " polyolefin " is with similar term, mean polyolefin homopolymer, polyolefin copolymer, similar polyolefin and/or foreign peoples's polyolefin such as " polyolefin-based (polyalkylene) " with " TPO ".For the purpose of illustrating, the example of polyolefin copolymer comprises from ethene with such as one or more C of 1-butylene, 1-hexene and/or 1-octene ₃-C ₁₂Those copolymers that alpha-olefin is made.

The polyolefin that the thermoplastic of each thermoplastic synthetic is independently selected under each situation includes but not limited to: foreign peoples's polyolefin, similar polyolefin and combination thereof.Term " foreign peoples's polyolefin " and similar term mean the polyolefin that has in following wide relatively variation: (i) molecular weight between each polymer chain (also promptly more than or equal to 3 polydispersity index); (ii) the monomer between (under the situation of copolymer) each polymer chain is remaining distributes.Term " polydispersity index " (PDI) means M _w/ M _nRatio, M herein _wMean weight average molecular weight, and M _nMean number average molecular weight, respectively use and determine such as the suitable standard of polyethylene standard by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).Foreign peoples's polyolefin is typically made by the catalytic action of Z-N (Ziegler-Natta) type of foreign peoples in mutually.

Term " similar polyolefin " and similar term mean the polyolefin that has in following narrow relatively variation: (i) molecular weight between each polymer chain (also promptly less than 3 polydispersity index); (ii) the monomer between (under the situation of copolymer) each polymer chain is remaining distributes.Like this, in contrast to foreign peoples's polyolefin, similar polyolefin has similar chain length between each polymer chain, along the average relatively distribution of monomer remnants and relatively similarly the distributing of the monomer remnants between each polymer chain backbone of each polymer chain backbone.Similar polyolefin is typically made by the catalytic action of single-point, metallocene or constrained geometry configuration.The remaining distribution of the monomer of similar polyolefin copolymer is characterised in that synthetic dispersion of distribution index (CDBI) value, this value is restricted to the percentage by weight of polymer molecule, this polymer molecule have total mole centre of comonomer amount 50% in the comonomer residual content.Like this, polyolefin homopolymer has 100% CDBI value.For example, same quasi-polyethylene/alpha olefin copolymer typically has greater than 60% or greater than 70% CDBI value.Synthetic dispersion of distribution exponential quantity can be determined by technical generally acknowledged method, this method for example is temperature rising elution classification technique (TREF), as by people such as Wild at Joumal of PolymerScience, Poly.Phys.Ed., Vol.20 is p.441 in (1982) or U.S. Patent number 4,798, in 081 or U.S. Patent number 5,089, described in 321.The example of similar ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymer was polyethylene (SURPASS polyethylene), and it can obtain from NOVA chemicals Co., Ltd (NOVA Chemicals Inc.) commercial.

The thermoplastic of each thermoplastic synthetic can be independently and is optionally comprised reinforcement material, this reinforcement material for example from glass fibre, bead, carbon fiber, sheet metal, metallic fiber, Fypro (for example Kevlar (KEVLAR) Fypro), have cellulosic fiber, nanoparticle soil, talcum and composition thereof and select.If present, reinforcement material typically exists with the reinforcement amount, for example based on 5% weight to 60% of the gross weight of thermoplastic or the amount of 70% weight.Reinforcing fibre is specially glass fibre, can have sizing material on their surface, with improve this reinforcing fibre synthesize into the miscibility and/or the viscosity of thermoplastic, as known to those skilled in the art.

In embodiments of the present invention, reinforcement material is the form of fiber (for example glass fibre, carbon fiber, metallic fiber, Fypro, cellulosic fiber and wherein two or more combinations are arranged).Fiber typically has the length (for example average length) from 0.5 inch to 4 inches (1.27cm is to 10.16cm).Thermoplastic sheet can comprise the fiber with such length, this length be make the fiber that exists in the supply material of thermoplastic sheet length at least 50% or 85%, such as from 0.25 inch to 2 or 4 inches (0.64cm to 5.08 or 10.16cm).The average length of the fiber that exists in the thermoplastic sheet can be determined according to technical generally acknowledged method.For example, thermoplastic sheet can pyrolysis, removing thermoplastic, and stay or remaining fiber carry out microscopic analysis to determine their average length, as is known to persons skilled in the art.

Fiber typically is present in the thermoplastic synthetic, correspondingly in the thermoplastic sheet, on amount, be independently selected from 5% to 70% percentage by weight, 10% to 60% percentage by weight or 30% to 50% percentage by weight (for example 40% percentage by weight) of gross weight (weight of thermoplastic, fiber and any additives also promptly) based on thermoplastic sheet.Correspondingly, the thermoplastic sheet of the shaping of making by the inventive method can comprise the fiber of following amount: based on 5% to 70% percentage by weight of the gross weight of thermoplastic sheet, 10% to 60% percentage by weight or 30% to 50% percentage by weight (for example 40% percentage by weight).

Fiber can have the diameter of wide region.Typically, fiber has from 1 to 20 micron or from 1 to 9 micron diameter more typically.Usually, each fiber comprises a branch of independent filament (or monofilament).Typically, each fiber comprises a branch of 10,000 to 20,000 independent filament.

Typically, fiber distributes in the thermoplastic of whole thermoplastic sheet equably.In the process of fiber and thermoplastic mixing, form fibre bundle on the total fiber, each fibre bundle typically comprises at least 5 fibers, and preferably each fibre bundle is less than 10 fibers.When being not inclined to theory, should believe, based on evidence on hand, comprise 10 or more the fibre bundle of multifilament can cause having the moldings (thermoplastic sheet of shaping) that undesirably reduces structural intergrity.Every bundle comprise 10 or more the level of the fibre bundle of multifilament can quantize by determining the combing degree (Degree of Combing) that exists in the moldings.Every bundle comprise 10 or more the number of the fibre bundle of multifilament typically determine with respect to the micro-assessment of the fiberfaced total number of microscope (typically at least 1000) by the cross section of moldings.Equation below the combing degree is used calculates: 100 * ((comprise 10 or more the number of the bundle of multifilament)/(observing the total number of fiber)).Usually, the thermoplastic sheet of heating and the thermoplastic sheet of shaping respectively have and are less than or equal to 60%, and typically are less than or equal to 50% combing degree.

Except reinforcement material or as the optional mode of reinforcement material, the thermoplastic sheet of heating is made used thermoplastic synthetic can optionally comprise one or more additives.The additive that may reside in the thermoplastic synthetic includes but not limited to: the fill of the colouring agent of antioxidant, for example pigment and/or dyestuff, mould release, for example calcium carbonate, ultra-violet absorber, fire retardant and composition thereof.Additive can with on the function fully amount be present in the thermoplastic synthetic, for example independently with amount based on 0.1% to 10% percentage by weight of the gross weight of thermoplastic synthetic.

In the methods of the invention, when the thermoplastic sheet of heating at its glass transition temperature with when being lower than between its fusion temperature, the thermoplastic sheet of heating can leave laterally the moving and longitudinally and/or laterally elongation of circumference limit of first profiled part by the sheet retainer.(T for example in elongation operation _g＜T _(sheet)＜T _m), can become towards the prolonging direction orientation with the polymer molecule of the thermoplastic sheet of the heating of solid-state form, thereby cause the physical characteristic (for example compressive strength) improving or increase along prolonging direction.Like this, the thermoplastic sheet of the shaping that forms according to the inventive method can (with respect to polymer molecule) be showed single shaft or two direction of principal axis.In addition, when thermoplastic synthetic comprises fiber such as glass fibre, laterally move the thermoplastic sheet of the heating that causes (for example at T by what the sheet retainer left model circumference limit _g＜T _(sheet)＜T _mSituation under) elongation can also be as single shaft ground or two ground directional fibers, thereby the thermoplastic sheet that has along the shaping of the physical characteristic of the improved of prolonging direction or increase is provided.Correspondingly, the thermoplastic sheet of the shaping that forms of the method according to this invention can be alternatively or is showed single shaft or two machine directions extraly.

In the embodiment of the inventive method, the thermoplastic sheet of heating is the multilayer thermoplastic sheet with heating of at least two thermoplastic layers, and correspondingly, the thermoplastic sheet of shaping is the multilayer thermoplastic sheet that is shaped.Each thermoplastic sheet can be formed by independent thermoplastic synthetic or identical thermoplastic synthetic.For example, according to technical generally acknowledged method, each thermoplastic synthetic can fuse chemical combination, so that form the thermoplastic synthetic of independent fusing, it respectively is supplied to multilayer to squeeze the sheet mould individually.Multilayer is squeezed the sheet mould forms heating from the thermoplastic synthetic of fusing provided herein multilayer thermoplastic sheet.

The thermoplastic sheet (or moldings) of the shaping of making according to the inventive method can have complicated 3 dimension shapes or such as the simple relatively shape of panel (for example wallboard or wallboard lid).Can include but not limited to according to the moldings that the inventive method is made: fluid handling structure, such as fluid/water management chamber, rainwater/waste water chamber, gutter and pipeline; Storage organization; Supporting construction or platform (for example flat instrument); And overcover (for example being the overcover that is used for such as the domestic pets of dog and cat).

Purpose in order further to set forth can adopt method of the present invention and sheet former to make/the moulding molded article, such as fluid handling structure (for example fluid/water management chamber and rainwater/waste water chamber).Fluid handling structure such as rainwater/waste water chamber typically is embedded in the porous media, more typically on ground or underground (for example under soil, earth and/or aggregate material), and be used for assembling and thing that transfering fluid flows away (thing that flows away such as rainwater/waste water), therefore stop or minimize on the ground surface and/or ground surface above the converging of the thing that flows away.Because the fluid handling structure such as rainwater/waste water chamber is typically imbedded (for example heavy vehicle can be passed through) subsurface, so they structurally with must be stable on the size so that opposing is because ground that covers and the optionally conquassation that causes of the weight of the vehicles.

Fluid handling structure such as the rainwater chamber of using method and apparatus manufacturing of the present invention typically comprises housing, the horizontal arched rib of a plurality of projectioies that this housing has the longitudinal axis, arched cross-section, the first base portion side flange, the second base portion side flange, extend to the second base portion side flange from first base flange, a plurality of continuous transverse arch v notch v, open bottom, outer surface and the inner surface that extend to second base flange from first base flange.Each continuous horizontal cut is between the cross rib of a pair of adjacent projection.Fluid handling structure also typically comprises first soleplate with outer surface and inner surface and has outer surface and second soleplate of inner surface.Fluid handling structure can optionally not have first and/or second soleplate.Housing, first soleplate and second soleplate define continuous overall structure (fluid handling structure of continuous global formation also promptly) together.The outer surface of each in housing, first soleplate and second soleplate is limited by the first surface of the thermoplastic sheet of (the fluid handling structure moulding is used) heating in all cases.The inner surface of each in housing, first soleplate and second soleplate is limited by the second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of (the fluid handling structure moulding is used) heating in all cases.The inner surface of each in housing, first soleplate and second soleplate limits the inner chamber of fluid handling structure together.

First soleplate and second soleplate respectively have at least one opening with cavity fluid UNICOM independently.Opening can be arranged in (for example on soleplate, and/or lower part) Anywhere of soleplate.In one embodiment, first soleplate has first opening with cavity fluid UNICOM, and it has and the continuous open bottom of the open bottom of housing.In identical embodiment, second soleplate has second opening with cavity fluid UNICOM, and it has and the continuous open bottom of the open bottom of housing.

Method of the present invention and sheet former provide the control such as the wall thickness of each parts of the molded article of fluid handling structure by its manufacturing.For example, the housing of fluid handling structure, first soleplate and second soleplate can respectively have the wall thickness that equates in fact, also be that the variation (wall thickness change value) of wall thickness is less than or equal to and (for example adds deduct 10%, wall thickness under the various situations of 5.1mm (0.2 inch) adds deduct 10%, and preferably be less than or equal to and add deduct 5% also i.e. wall thickness under the various situations from 4.59mm to 5.61mm).Alternatively, the housing of fluid handling structure, first soleplate and second soleplate can respectively have different wall thickness (for example, the wall thickness of housing is greater than each wall thickness of first and second soleplates, and first and second soleplates can have the wall thickness that equates in fact).

For the purpose of further setting forth, and, described the fluid handling structure 400 (for example rainwater/waste water chamber 400) that uses method of the present invention and sheet former to make with reference to Figure 16 and 17.Particularly, fluid handling structure 400 by the thermoplastic sheet 292 of heating according to described method and apparatus manufacturing before this paper.Fluid handling structure 400 has housing (or main body) 403, and this housing 403 has the longitudinal axis 406.Housing 403 has the arch geometric cross section 409 that falls in the longitudinal axis 406 interceptings.Housing 403 further comprises the first base portion side flange 412 and the second base portion side flange 415, the first base portion side flange 412 and the second base portion side flange 415 respectively laterally stretch out from housing 403, and they respectively are parallel to the longitudinal axis 406 in fact, and correspondingly are the first and second base portion side flanges (412 and 415) relative with formation.Housing 403 comprises: the continuous in fact cross rib 418 of a plurality of projectioies, and this cross rib 418 extends to the second base portion side flange (412 to 415) from the first base portion side flange; With a plurality of continuous horizontal cuts (or paddy) 421, this horizontal cut 421 extends to the second base portion side flange (412 to 415) from the first base portion side flange.Each continuous horizontal cut 421 is between the cross rib 418 (for example cross rib 424 of the adjacent a pair of projection of Figure 16) of a pair of adjacent projection.The cross rib 418 and the horizontal cut 421 of projection: parallel to each other in fact; Consistent with in all cases (or following) arch housing 403; And be oriented in all cases in fact perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 406.Housing 403 also has open bottom 427, outer surface 430 and inner surface 433.

Fluid handling structure 400 further comprises: first soleplate 436 with outer surface 439 and inner surface 442 (invisible in the drawings); With second soleplate 445 with outer surface 448 (invisible in the drawings) and inner surface 451.Housing 403, first soleplate 436 and second soleplate 445 define continuous in fact overall structure (also promptly, continuous in fact whole fluid handling structure 400) together.First soleplate 436 can optionally have from its horizontal outward extending first soleplate base flange 454.Second soleplate 445 can optionally have from its horizontal outward extending second soleplate base flange 457.The first soleplate base flange 454 and the second soleplate base flange 457 each in fact continuously in first base portion side flange 412 of housing 403 and in the second base portion side flange 415 each.

In one embodiment, fluid handling structure 400 does not have first soleplate 436 and/or second soleplate 445, and in this case, first and/or second end of structure 400 is open.When not having first soleplate 436 and second soleplate 445, fluid handling structure 400 is made of housing 403, and first and second ends of structure 400 all are open.

The outer surface 448 of the outer surface 430 of housing 403, the outer surface 439 of first soleplate 436 and second soleplate 445 is limited by the first surface 295 of thermoplastic sheet 292 in all cases.

The inner surface 451 of the inner surface 433 of housing 403, the inner surface 442 of first soleplate 436 and second soleplate 445 is limited by the second surface 298 of thermoplastic sheet 292 in all cases.For example referring to Figure 17.In addition, the inner surface 451 of the inner surface 442 of the inner surface 433 of housing 403, first soleplate 436 and second soleplate 445 defines the inner chamber 460 (Figure 17) of fluid handling structure 400 together.

First soleplate 436 has first opening 463 with inner chamber 460 fluid communication.First opening 463 of first soleplate 436 has open bottom 466, and this open bottom 466 is continuously in the open bottom 427 of housing 403.Second soleplate 445 has second opening 469 with inner chamber 460 fluid communication.Second opening 469 of second soleplate 445 has open bottom 472, and this open bottom 472 is continuously in the open bottom 427 of housing 403.First opening 463 of soleplate and second opening 469 allow to flow into and outflow inner chamber 460 such as the fluid of water.In addition, first opening 463 of soleplate and second opening 469 allow the fluid outflow inner chamber such as water of gathering in the inner chamber 460.First and/or second opening (463,469) can be connected in first and/or second opening of adjacent fluid handling structure (not shown) by the appropriate device such as the pipeline (not shown).Alternatively, when fluid handling structure was the terminal fluid handling structure, one in first or second opening (463,469) can be covered particularly.

Except having the opening that has open bottom (for example 466 and 472) (for example 463 and 469), or it is optional as it, first and second soleplates can each have opening with inner chamber 460 fluid communication independently, but this opening does not have continuously open bottom in the open bottom 427 of housing 403 (for example 466 or 472).First soleplate 436 comprises optionally blocks a shot 481, and this block 481 can be a cut-out, so that for first soleplate 436 provides opening (not shown) with inner chamber 460 fluid communication, but it does not have continuously in the open bottom of open bottom 427.Second soleplate 445 also has and the 481 similar optionally blocks (invisible in the view) of blocking a shot.

In order to provide in the fluid handling structure 400 or the more effective gathering of outer fluid such as water and/or emit, housing 403 may further include a plurality of holes 475.Hole 475 can be arranged in the cross rib 418 of projection and/or continuous horizontal cut 421.As depicted in FIG., the hole 475 of housing 403 is arranged in continuous horizontal cut 421 (and the cross rib 418 of projection does not have hole 475).The surrounding medium (for example ground) that hole 475 allows to imbed from structure 400 such as the fluid of water flows to and accumulates in the inner chamber 460, and the fluid of gathering can flow out from inner chamber 460 by the first soleplate opening 463 and/or the second soleplate opening 469.Alternatively, or in addition, hole 475 allows to flow into the surrounding medium (for example ground) that structures 400 imbed from inner chamber 460 such as the fluid of water.In addition, can be upward through the open bottom 427 of housing 403 and enter inner chamber 460 such as the fluid of water, fluid can flow out from inner chamber 460 by the first soleplate opening 463 and/or the second soleplate opening 469 and/or hole 475.Hole 475 can form in the process with the thermoplastic sheet 292 moulding fluid handling structures 400 that heat, and perhaps they can be operated after moulding in (for example by boring or punch operation after the moulding) and form.

The housing of fluid handling structure can manufacture the additional molding character that has such as checking entrance structure.The housing 403 of fluid handling structure 400 has the entrance structure 478 (being positioned at the top or the summit of housing 403) of inspection.Fluid handling structure 400 imbed underground after, check entrance structure 478 provide near and check the mode of the inner chamber 460 of housing 403, and can not damage the structure and/or the dimensional integrity of fluid handling structure.For example, structure is imbedded underground after, a part that covers ground can be removed, and checks that entrance structure 478, this inspection entrance structure 478 can be cut open (typically part is cut and is pulled up or retracts) to allow approaching and visual inspection inner chamber 460 so that expose.After finishing visual inspection inner chamber 460, check that entrance structure 478 can seal by suitable mode (for example heating and/or RF welding, and/or adhesive), and mulched ground flooring again.

The present invention is described with reference to the detail of its specific embodiment.Except these details comprised in the appended claims scope and degree, these details should not tend to be considered to the restriction to scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. the method for analogue formation goods comprises:

(a) provide a kind of former, described former comprises:

(i) first profiled part, described first profiled part has inner molded surface and circumference limit, and described inner molded surface has profile and a plurality of perforation,

(ii) framework, described framework surrounds at least a portion on the described circumference limit of described first profiled part, and described framework has upper surface, and described first profiled part and described framework relative to each other are reversibly vertically orientable, and

(iii) at least one sheet retainer, each sheet retainer has clip portion, described clip portion is towards the described circumference limit of described first profiled part, and comprise clip element and clip inside, described clip element is reversibly closeable, described clip inside is partly limited by described clip element, each sheet retainer independently, reversibly and laterally is connected in the described upper surface of described framework, makes that the described clip portion of each sheet retainer is reversibly and laterally orientable with respect to described circumference limit;

(b) described first profiled part and described framework are relative to each other located, make the described upper surface of described framework be positioned at top, described circumference limit;

(d) form the thermoplastic sheet that heats by at least one thermoplastic synthetic, the thermoplastic sheet of described heating has the temperature of the thermoplastic sheet thermoformable that allows described heating, and the thermoplastic sheet of described heating has first surface and second surface;

(g) described first profiled part and described framework are relative to each other located, so that the second portion of the described second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of described heating is contacted with at least a portion of the described inner molded surface of described first profiled part;

(h) laterally move at least one sheet retainer to the lateral attitude, described lateral attitude be selected from by towards described circumference limit, the group that deviates from described circumference limit and form,

Wherein, at least a portion of the thickness of the described second portion that laterally moves the thermoplastic sheet of controlling the described heating that contacts with the described inner molded surface of described first profiled part of described retainer;

Wherein, the thermoplastic sheet of described shaping is described moldings.

2. method according to claim 1, wherein, described first profiled part comes down to fix with respect to perpendicular positioning, and described framework is reversibly and controllably vertically orientable, and

Described framework reversibly, controllably and is vertically located with respect to described first profiled part, thereby the described second portion of the described second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of described heating is contacted with at least a portion of the described inner molded surface of described first profiled part.

3. method according to claim 1, wherein, described former comprises at least two sheet retainers.

4. method according to claim 1, wherein, described retainer also comprises substrate, and described substrate has upper surface, lower surface and front portion,

Described clip element is articulated and connected in the upper surface of the described front portion of described substrate, the described front portion of described clip element and described substrate limits the described clip portion of described retainer together, the described upper surface of described front portion and the inner surface of described clip element limit described clip inside together, and

At least a portion of the described lower surface of described substrate is the described upper surface of the described framework of adjacency slidably.

5. method according to claim 4, wherein, described retainer also comprises first linear actuators, described first linear actuators has first end and the second end, described first linear actuators is reversibly expandable linearly, and described substrate also comprises slit and rear portion

The described first end of described first linear actuators is arranged in described slit, and is fixedly connected to the described upper surface of described framework, and the described the second end of described first linear actuators is fixedly connected to the upper surface at the described rear portion of described substrate, and

The reversible linearity of described first linear actuators is opened provides the reversible of the described circumference limit of described retainer with respect to described first profiled part laterally to move.

6. method according to claim 5, wherein, described retainer also comprises second linear actuators, and described second linear actuators has first end and the second end, and described second linear actuators is reversibly expandable linearly,

The described first end of described second linear actuators pivotally is connected in the outer surface of described clip element, and the described the second end of described second linear actuators is connected in the described upper surface at the described rear portion of described substrate, and

The reversible linearity of described second linear actuators is opened the reversible closure that described clip element is provided.

7. method according to claim 4, wherein, the described substrate of described retainer also comprises at least one closed channel, described closed channel extends in the described front portion of substrate, described closed channel is sized to the passage by its heat-exchange fluid, thereby and described closed channel temperature control at least a portion of the described clip portion of described retainer is provided.

8. method according to claim 1, wherein, the thermoplastic sheet of described heating has between the described first surface of the thermoplastic sheet of described heating and the interior section between the described second surface, under following condition, the described temperature of the thermoplastic sheet of described heating is identical in fact on the described first surface of the thermoplastic sheet of described heating, described interior section and described second surface:

When the described first of the described second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of described heating is contacted with the described clip of at least one sheet retainer when inner, and

When the described inner molded surface that is pasting described first profiled part when the described second portion of the described second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of described heating stretches.

9. method according to claim 1 also comprises,

Described thermoplastic synthetic in the fusing extruder, thus the thermoplastic synthetic that melts formed, and described extruder has and the terminal of squeezing sheet mould fluid communication, and

The thermoplastic synthetic of described fusing is passed through described crowded sheet mould, thereby form the thermoplastic sheet of described heating.

10. method according to claim 9, wherein, the step that the described first of the described second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of described heating is contacted with the described clip inside of described retainer occurs in before the constriction of thermoplastic sheet of described heating, and

Further wherein, the described first of the described second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of described heating is remained on the constriction that has stoped the thermoplastic sheet of described heating in the described clip inside of described retainer in fact.

11. method according to claim 9, wherein, described first profiled part and described framework can move in the plane below described crowded sheet mould together, and described crowded sheet mould comes down to fix,

Described method also comprises: when described thermoplastic sheet forms, move described first profiled part and described framework in the described plane below described crowded sheet mould together, thereby be convenient to the contact between the described clip inside of the thermoplastic sheet of described heating and described retainer.

12. method according to claim 9, also comprise prior to, be synchronized with the thermoplastic sheet with described heating of back in following step and separate from described crowded sheet mould,

(g) described first profiled part and described framework are relative to each other located, so that the described second portion of the described second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of described heating is contacted with at least a portion of the described inner molded surface of described first profiled part.

13. method according to claim 1, wherein, described former also comprises second profiled part with inner molded surface,

Described method also comprises:

After the described second portion of the described second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of described heating has been pulled to the described inner molded surface that is contacted with described first profiled part, and

Before the thermoplastic sheet of the described heating of cooling,

The described inner molded surface of described second profiled part is contacted with compressing the described first surface of the thermoplastic sheet of described heating.

14. method according to claim 1, wherein, step,

(h) laterally move at least one sheet retainer to described lateral attitude,

Before following steps, in fact simultaneously and at least one execution afterwards,

15. method according to claim 1, wherein, step,

(h) laterally move at least one sheet retainer to described lateral attitude,

Carry out in fact simultaneously with following steps,

16. method according to claim 1, wherein, step,

(i) decompression is extracted in described a plurality of perforation of the described inner molded surface by described first profiled part, make the described second portion of described second surface of thermoplastic sheet of described heating mate the described profile of the described inner molded surface of described first profiled part in fact

With following steps take place simultaneously and in succession after following steps in an execution:

(h) laterally move at least one sheet retainer to described lateral attitude.

17. method according to claim 1 also comprises:

The third part of the described second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of described heating is contacted with the described circumference limit of described first profiled part, thereby between the described third part of the described second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of described heating and described circumference limit, form sealing, and carry out following steps subsequently

(i) decompression is extracted in described a plurality of perforation of the described inner molded surface by described first profiled part, makes the described second portion of described second surface of thermoplastic sheet of described heating mate the described profile of the described inner molded surface of described first profiled part in fact.

18. method according to claim 1 also comprises:

Continuous film band is provided, and described continuous film band has first surface and second surface, and the described second surface of described continuous film band is limited by thermoplastic film layer,

When the thermoplastic sheet of described heating forms, the described second surface of described continuous film band is applied to continuously the part of described first surface of the thermoplastic sheet of described heating, wherein, described partially fused being in the same place of the described first surface of the described second surface of described continuous film band and the thermoplastic sheet of described heating

Wherein, when the thermoplastic sheet of described heating forms, and before following steps: (g) described first profiled part and described framework are relative to each other located, so that the described second portion of the described second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of described heating is contacted with at least a portion of the described inner molded surface of described first profiled part, the described second surface of described continuous film band is applied to the described first surface of the thermoplastic sheet of described heating.

19. method according to claim 1, wherein, each thermoplastic synthetic comprises the thermoplastic that is independently selected from group, and described group by thermoplastic polyurethanes, thermoplasticity polyureas, TPI, polyamide thermoplastic, polyamide thermoplastic imines, thermoplastic polyester, thermoplastic poly carbonic ether, thermoplasticity polysulfones, thermoplasticity polyketone, TPO, thermoplasticity (methyl) acrylate, thermoplastic acrylonitrile-butadiene-diene-styrene, thermoplastic styrene-acrylonitrile, thermoplastic acrylonitrile-cinnamic acrylic ester and form.

20. method according to claim 1, wherein, each thermoplastic synthetic comprises the reinforcement material that is independently selected from group, and described group by glass fibre, bead, carbon fiber, sheet metal, metallic fiber, Fypro, be made up of cellulosic fiber, nanoparticle soil, talcum and composition thereof.

21. method according to claim 20, wherein, described reinforcement material is selected from has the glass fibre of 1.27cm to the length of 10.16cm.

22. method according to claim 1, wherein, the thermoplastic sheet of described heating is the multilayer thermoplastic sheet that comprises at least two thermoplastic layers' heating.

23. a sheet former comprises:

(a) first profiled part, described first profiled part has inner molded surface and circumference limit, and described inner molded surface has profile and a plurality of perforation,

(b) framework, described framework surround at least a portion on the described circumference limit of described first profiled part, and described framework has upper surface, and described first profiled part and described framework relative to each other are reversibly vertically orientable, and

(c) at least one sheet retainer, each sheet retainer has clip portion, described clip portion is towards the described circumference limit of described first profiled part, and comprise clip element and clip inside, described clip element is reversibly closeable, described clip inside is partly limited by described clip element, each sheet retainer independently, reversibly and laterally is connected in the described upper surface of described framework, makes that described clip portion is reversibly and laterally orientable with respect to described circumference limit;

(d) vacuum plant, described vacuum plant and the described first profiled part fluid communication, described vacuum plant controllably extracts decompression by described a plurality of perforation of the described inner molded surface of described first profiled part,

Wherein, the first that the described clip inside of the described clip portion of described retainer is sized to when described clip element is positioned at closing position the second surface of the thermoplastic sheet of heating receives and remains in the described clip inside, and

The reversible laterally mobile-assisted and control of described retainer and the described first of the described second surface of the thermoplastic sheet that remains on the described heating in the described clip element is contacted with at least a portion of thickness of second portion of thermoplastic sheet of the described heating of described first profiled part.

24. according to claim 23 former, wherein, described retainer also comprises substrate, and described substrate has upper surface, lower surface and front portion,

25. according to claim 24 former, wherein, described retainer also comprises:

First linear actuators, described first linear actuators has first end and the second end, and described first linear actuators is reversibly expandable linearly, and described substrate also comprises slit and rear portion,

The described first end of described first linear actuators is arranged in described slit and is fixedly connected to the described upper surface of described framework, and the described the second end of described first linear actuators is fixedly connected to the upper surface at the described rear portion of described substrate, and

The reversible linearity of described first linear actuators is opened provides the reversible of the described circumference limit of described retainer with respect to described first profiled part laterally to move, and

Second linear actuators, described second linear actuators has first end and the second end, and described second linear actuators is reversibly expandable linearly,

26. a fluid handling structure, its method according to claim 1 is made, and described fluid handling structure comprises:

Housing, the cross rib of a plurality of projectioies that described housing has the longitudinal axis, arched cross-section, the first base portion side flange, the second base portion side flange, extend to the described second base portion side flange from described first base flange, a plurality of continuous horizontal cut, open bottom, outer surface and the inner surface that extend to described second base flange from described first base flange, each continuous horizontal cut is between the cross rib of a pair of adjacent projection;

First soleplate, described first soleplate has outer surface and inner surface; And

Second soleplate, described second soleplate has outer surface and inner surface,

Each described first surface by the thermoplastic sheet of described heating of the described outer surface of the described outer surface of described housing, the described outer surface of described first soleplate and described second soleplate limits,

Each described second surface by the thermoplastic sheet of described heating of the described inner surface of the described inner surface of described housing, the described inner surface of described first soleplate and described second soleplate limits,

Described first soleplate has first opening, described first opening and described cavity fluid UNICOM,

Described second soleplate has second opening, described second opening and described cavity fluid UNICOM, and

Further wherein, described housing has the housing wall thickness, and described first soleplate has the first soleplate wall thickness, and described second soleplate has the second soleplate wall thickness, and described housing wall thickness, the described first soleplate wall thickness are equal in fact with the described second soleplate wall thickness.

27. fluid handling structure according to claim 26, wherein, described housing wall thickness, the described first soleplate wall thickness and the described second soleplate wall thickness have and are less than or equal to+/-10% wall thickness change value.

28. fluid handling structure according to claim 26, wherein,

Described first opening of described first soleplate has and the continuous open bottom of the described open bottom of described housing, and

Described second opening of described second soleplate has and the continuous open bottom of the described open bottom of described housing.