CN101844366A - Method for solidifying incineration ash of household rubbish into building material by using hydrothermal technique - Google Patents
Method for solidifying incineration ash of household rubbish into building material by using hydrothermal technique Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of inorganic waste resource utilization, and particularly relates to a method for solidifying incineration ash of household rubbish into a building material by using a hydrothermal technique. The method comprises the following steps: crashing the incineration bottom ash into below 200mu m; press-forming under a press machine; and finally placing a demoulded forming body into a reaction kettle for hydrothermal treatment to obtain the material with bending strength up to28MPa. The hydrothermal solidification material of the invention can be used for the building materials such as wall and floor tiles, paving bricks, square bricks, river dam-protection materials and the like. By adopting the method, the incineration ash of the household rubbish can be safely and effectively solidified into the building material, thus reducing environmental hazard and greatly saving resources.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to inorganic waste recycling field, be specifically related to a kind of method of utilizing hydrothermal technique with the solidifying incineration ash of household rubbish construction material.
Background technology
The annual emissions of China's domestic waste will be above 200,000,000 tons in 2010.Along with the propelling of Urbanization in China, its discharge capacity also increases continuously and healthily.China mainly is based on landfill at present.This method has many, the easy polluted underground waters of land occupation, produces shortcomings such as disease and pest and follow-up management expense height.Advanced country all handles house refuse with incinerating method in the world.For example Japanese present house refuse more than 90% all will be through burning disposal, and the ash year discharge rate of burning away the refuse has reached more than 6,000,000 tons, and the discharge of a large amount of rubbish ashes has made and can remain little for the place of landfill.Garbage incineration technology since effectively kill pathogens, destroy organic toxicant, make waste reduction more than 70%, so become the developing trend of countries in the world garbage disposal.China only big cities such as Shanghai, Beijing, Shenzhen has carried out the burning disposal of part house refuse, can estimate that the epoch of a large amount of dischargings of incinerator ash will arrive at once! Incinerator ash mainly is divided into the burning bottom ash (lime-ash) of incinerator and the flying ash of smoke duster (account for incinerator ash about 20%).Incinerator ash (especially flying dust) contains nuisances such as heavy metal, does not handle random landfill or use if do not add, and very easily produces secondary pollution, harm soil and underground water!
China mainly contains in the research that disposal of refuse burning bottom ash utilizes again at present: Chinese patent " production method of the steam-cured light-weight brick of cinder brick " (discloses day on July 13rd, 2005, publication number CN 1636918A), Chinese patent " cinder concrete product and manufacture method thereof " (discloses day on July 30th, 2003, publication number CN 1432546A) and Chinese patent " concrete and preparation method thereof, method for treating refuse burning ash " (open day on May 28th, 2008, publication number CN 101186473A).These technology are produced cement concrete product by add cement, early strength agent etc. in incineration ash of household rubbish slag (bottom ash).Because product strength is lower, and data such as heavy metal free stripping, so practicality is relatively poor.Disclosed technology then mainly utilizes garbage flying ash to produce clinker in the Chinese patent " utilizing the city garbage burning ash to fire the method for eco-cement grog " (open day on September 27th, 2005, publication number CN 1663925A).In addition, Chinese patent " a kind of house refuse lime-ash and municipal sludge are produced the ceramic product technology " (open day on October 10th, 2007, publication number CN 101050100A) then mainly is to add incineration ash of household rubbish slag (bottom ash) to produce ceramsite material.
The application of relevant incinerator ash mainly is earlier the house refuse ash to be carried out high-temperature fusion processing (〉=1300 ℃) in the world, its cooling fused mass is used again, or by adding cement, methods such as NaOH solution is solidified use rubbish ash again.Utilize hydrothermal method not see as yet by the research of adding white lime, house refuse flying dust and steel-making waste residue curing house refuse bottom ash.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of utilizing hydrothermal technique the consumer waste incineration bottom ash to be cured as construction material.
For achieving the above object, solution of the present invention is: utilize hydrothermal technique that the house refuse ash is cured as the method with high-intensity construction material, concrete steps are as follows:
As major ingredient, to wherein adding auxiliary material, constitute compound with the house refuse bottom ash (≤200 μ m) after pulverizing, the addition of auxiliary material is 0%～40% of a compound gross weight; Then, in compound, add the water of compound weight 0%～30%, after mixing, compression moulding under the pressure of 10～40MPa; Again the sample after the demoulding being put into hydrothermal reaction kettle, is that 100～250 ℃, pressure are that the saturated vapor of 0.1～4.0MPa is depressed hydrothermal treatment consists 1～72h in temperature, can obtain required product.
Among the present invention, described auxiliary material is to three kind in white lime, steel-making slag or the house refuse flying dust, to improve the strength of materials.
Among the present invention, also can add natural stone in the described compound, the addition of natural stone is the 5-20% of compound gross weight.
Among the present invention, also can add inorganic dyestuff in the described compound, the addition of inorganic dyestuff is 1%～5% of a compound weight, to increase the material aesthetic property.Particularly the present fly ash emission amount of the municipal solid waste incinerator of China accounts for 20% of the total ash of rubbish (bottom ash+flying dust), so utilize interpolation flyash curing bottom ash can realize that garbage burning factory burns 100% of ash and utilizes.
The present invention utilizes the hydro-thermal curing technology that house refuse ash resource is utilized again, prepares the high-strength building material of heavy metal free harm, can be used for aspects such as wall floor tile, square brick, pavior brick and rivers bank protection material.This technology both can be utilized discarded object, can significantly reduce the use resource again, greatly reduced the load to environment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the technological process of incineration ash of household rubbish hydrothermal preparation construction material.
Fig. 2 is the influence of briquetting pressure to the rupture strength of material.
Fig. 3 is the influence of white lime addition to the rupture strength of material.
Fig. 4 is the influence of moisture content addition to the rupture strength of material.
Fig. 5 is the influence of life garbage flying ash addition to the rupture strength of material.
Fig. 6 is the influences of different additives to the rupture strength of material.
Fig. 7 is the influence of hydrothermal temperature to the rupture strength of material.
Fig. 8 is the influence of hydro-thermal time to the rupture strength of material.
Fig. 9 is the thing phase change of material before and after the hydrothermal treatment consists.
Figure 10 is that the FESEM pattern of material before and after the hydrothermal treatment consists changes.
Figure 11 is the varying aperture of material before and after the hydrothermal treatment consists.
The specific embodiment
Further specify the present invention below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
At first, choosing the house refuse bottom ash is raw material, mixes 5% natural stone; The water that adds pan feeding weight 30% then, after stirring, compression moulding under tablet press machine, briquetting pressure is 30MPa; At last, the sample that suppresses is put into hydrothermal reaction kettle, depress hydrothermal treatment consists 1h, obtain required product at 250 ℃, 4.0MPa saturated vapor.
Embodiment 2:
At first, choosing the house refuse bottom ash is raw material, adds the white lime of compound gross weight 40%; Then, in above-mentioned compound, add the water of compound gross weight 15% and 5% inorganic dyestuff, after stirring, compression moulding under tablet press machine, briquetting pressure is 10MPa; At last, the sample that suppresses is put into hydrothermal reaction kettle, depress hydrothermal treatment consists 72h, obtain required product at 100 ℃, 0.1MPa saturated vapor.
Embodiment 3:
At first, choosing the house refuse bottom ash is raw material, adds in the domestic garbage incineration flyash compound of compound gross weight 10%; Then, in above-mentioned compound, add the water of compound gross weight 15%, after stirring, compression moulding under tablet press machine, briquetting pressure is 30MPa; At last, the sample that suppresses is put into hydrothermal reaction kettle, depress hydrothermal treatment consists 12h, obtain required product at 200 ℃, 1.56MPa saturated vapor.
Embodiment 4:
At first, only choosing the house refuse bottom ash is raw material, adds 1% inorganic dyestuff, mixing and stirring; Compression moulding under tablet press machine then, briquetting pressure are 30MPa; At last, the sample that suppresses is put into hydrothermal reaction kettle, depress hydrothermal treatment consists 6h, obtain required product at 200 ℃, 1.56MPa saturated vapor.
The intensity of hydro-thermal curing materials improves mechanism: in the hydro-thermal solidification process, generated class hydrated cementitious product in the firming body: hydrated calcium silicate (CaO-SiO
2-H
2O is C-S-H) with the vigorous mullite of holder (tobermorite, Ca
5(Si
6O
18H
2) 4H
2O) crystal, these netted hydrated calcium silicate and sheet/vigorous mullites of needle-like holder that are interweaved together are created between endocorpuscular surface of material and the particle, and pimpled rubber is connected together, and have improved the intensity of material.
In addition, because the specific area of hydrated calcium silicate and Tuo Bo mullite is big, displacement can take place with immobilization of heavy metals again in the Ca ion of its inside configuration with the heavy metal cation in the raw material.Therefore, not only intensity height but also heavy metal stripping are low for this material that utilizes Hydrothermal Preparation.
The rubbish bottom ash of discharging with Shanghai City consumer waste incineration treatment plant is an experimental raw below, by changing moulding pressure, mix the water yield, add the white lime amount, adding house refuse flying dust amount and hydro-thermal generated time and temperature etc., carry out hydro-thermal curing and further specify the present invention.
Fig. 1 has provided the whole process flow of utilizing incineration ash of household rubbish hydrothermal preparation construction material.
Fig. 2 is the influence of briquetting pressure to hydro-thermal synthetic material rupture strength.Briquetting pressure is respectively 10MPa, 20MPa, 30MPa, 40MPa and 50MPa, and its curing materials only is the house refuse bottom ash.Experiment condition: water addition 15wt%, the synthetic 12h of hydro-thermal under 200 ℃ of temperature.As seen from the figure, in the 10MPa-30MPa scope, intensity increases very fast, and after moulding pressure surpassed 30MPa, the intensity increase became slowly, shows that too high briquetting pressure is less to the increase influence of hydro-thermal synthetic material intensity.After it should be noted that moulding pressure surpasses 30MPa, the rupture strength of rubbish bottom ash firming body (not having any interpolation) just reaches 17MPa, is higher than the intensity of Portland cement goods.
In order further to improve the intensity of product, studied of the influence (Fig. 3) of white lime addition to hydro-thermal synthetic material rupture strength.Add the white lime that accounts for compound gross weight 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 30%, 40% respectively.Experiment condition: water addition 15wt%, behind the 30MPa compacted under, the synthetic 12h of hydro-thermal under 200 ℃ of temperature.As can be seen from Figure, along with the adding of white lime, intensity increases, when the white lime addition is 10wt%, intensity reach maximum (＞25MPa).Continue to add white lime, intensity slowly descends.
Fig. 4 is the influence of water addition to hydro-thermal synthetic material rupture strength, and it solidifies raw material only is the house refuse bottom ash.The difference additive weighs 5%, 10%, 15%, 30% distilled water in the experiment.Experiment condition: briquetting pressure 30MPa, the synthetic 12h of hydro-thermal under 200 ℃ of temperature.As can be seen from Figure, when not adding water, the strength of materials is lower, and behind the water of adding 5%, 10%, 15%, intensity obviously increases.Intensity reduces gradually subsequently, illustrates excessively to add water (＞15%), and the raising of intensity is had negative effect.
Fig. 5 adds the influence of flying dust to hydro-thermal curing materials rupture strength in the consumer waste incineration bottom ash.Add the incineration of refuse flyash that accounts for compound (bottom ash+flying dust) gross weight 0%, 10%, 20%, 40% in the experiment respectively.Experiment condition: water addition 15wt%, behind the 30MPa compacted under, the synthetic 12h of hydro-thermal under 200 ℃ of temperature.As can be seen from Figure, along with the adding of flying dust, intensity does not only reduce, and increases to some extent.Adding flying dust 20% back intensity descends gradually.This shows, add an amount of flying ash and help the strength of materials.This may be since in the flying dust contained white lime and quick lime participate in hydro-thermal reaction and also generated due to water and the calcium silicates.The flying dust that general domestic municipal solid waste incinerator produced accounts for 20% of its total ash (bottom ash+flying dust) weight, so this experimental result shows, utilize the hydro-thermal curing technology can realize 100% utilization again of the house refuse ash (bottom ash+flying dust) of garbage burning factory discharge, and need not to add white lime, cement etc.
Fig. 6 is the influences of different additives to the strength of materials.Experiment condition is the rupture strength of curing materials when adding white lime (10%), slag (10%) and domestic garbage incineration flyash (10%).Its experiment information drawing 3 is identical.As seen from the figure, three's intensity all reaches more than the 16MPa, is higher than the rupture strength (being about 8MPa) of Portland cement.
Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 are the influence to hydro-thermal curing materials (only adding 10% white lime in rubbish bottom ash and the rubbish bottom ash) rupture strength of hydro-thermal synthesis temperature and time.Experiment condition: water addition 15%, briquetting pressure 30MPa.Fig. 7 is the rupture strength that the different following 12h hydro-thermals of temperature (100 ℃, 125 ℃, 150 ℃, 175 ℃, 200 ℃, 250 ℃) is solidified the back sample, as can be seen, along with temperature improves, both all have rising by the rupture strength of (only adding 10% white lime in rubbish bottom ash and the rubbish bottom ash).Show that the temperature rising helps the carrying out of hydro-thermal reaction, so the crystal of generation makes sample fine and close the intensity raising.Fig. 8 is the rupture strength of the hydro-thermal solidified sample under different time (1h, 3h, 6h, 9h, 12h, 24h, 48h, 72h) under 200 ℃.As seen, for two kinds of situations of person (only in rubbish bottom ash and the bottom ash add 10% white lime), the prolongation of hydro-thermal hardening time all helps sample strength and improves among the figure, but the increase of sample rupture strength has reached saturated after 12 hours.
Fig. 9 is the variation (X diffraction analysis result) of material thing phase before and after the hydrothermal treatment consists.Can find out obviously that on scheming main thing comprises quartz, calcite, submellite and gypsum etc. mutually in the consumer waste incineration bottom ash.Chemical reaction (not having new crystalline phase to generate) does not take place in the thing of white lime material before hydrothermal treatment consists of interpolation 10% mutually, but behind 200 ℃ of hydrothermal treatment consists 12h, has the vigorous mullite crystalline phase of tangible holder diffraction maximum to occur.In conjunction with Fig. 8, show that the generation of holding in the palm vigorous mullite crystalline phase just causes the raising of the strength of materials.
Figure 10 is SEM (FESEM) picture of the synthetic front and back of hydro-thermal sample.Wherein (a) is the FESEM figure of the rubbish bottom ash formed body of not hydrothermal treatment consists, as can be seen from Figure, before the hydrothermal treatment consists, being deposited in together of bigger rubbish bottom ash loose particles, the gap is bigger between particle.(b) be FESEM figure after the rubbish bottom ash formed body hydrothermal treatment consists, can find out, because hydro-thermal reaction, produced a large amount of netted hydrated calcium silicates (CSH) between the bulky grain in the rubbish bottom ash or on the large particle surface, thereby these hydrated calcium silicate gels are bundled together the intensity that has increased material with particle in the rubbish bottom ash.(c) be that the better regional FESEM of material intercrystalline schemes after mixing 10% white lime hydrothermal treatment consists in the rubbish bottom ash, as can be seen from Figure, after the hydrothermal treatment consists, ask vigorous mullite crystal to generate in a large number, the crystal network structure that these are interweaved causes sample strength to improve.
Figure 11 is the BET pore-size distribution of sample inner air vent before and after the hydrothermal treatment consists.From the figure as can be seen, before hydro-thermal is solidified the pore-size distribution of sample inner air vent 200nm～, after the hydrothermal treatment consists because the generation (see figure 9) of new thing phase (hydrated calcium silicate and Tuo Bo mullite), the aperture of sample interior pore diminish (6nm-200nm).This shows that the generation of new thing phase has improved the density of sample, and then strength-enhanced.
Table 1 is according to national standard " solid waste leaches toxicity leaching method upset succusion " (GB 5086.1-1997), the result that the heavy metal stripping is tested to the higher sample of rupture strength (bottom ash adds 10% white lime and bottom ash only).From table, can show, utilize two samples of hydro-thermal curing technology preparation not only to satisfy China's " soil environment quality standard " (GB 15618-1995) second grade soil standard but also satisfy China " the danger wastes judging standard leaches toxicity and differentiates " (GB 5085.3-2007).So this hydro-thermal curing materials has good safety, can be used as construction material and use.
The heavy metal stripping quantity of material after table 1. hydrothermal treatment consists (firming body) and soil, solid hazardous thing national standard, mg/L
Sample classification Pb Cd Ni Cr Cu As
Firming body (100% rubbish bottom ash) 0.038 0.003 0.008 0.086 0.022 0.091
Firming body (rubbish bottom ash+10% white lime) 0.05 0.004 0.008 0.056 0.038 0.07
Soil standard 30 0.03 5 30 10 2.5
Solid hazardous thing judging standard 515 15 100 5
More than the present invention is described in detail, used concrete example in the literary composition the present invention set forth, this is can understand and apply the invention for the ease of those skilled in the art.Those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiment, and needn't pass through performing creative labour being applied among other embodiment in thought of the present invention.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to the embodiment here, those skilled in the art should be within protection scope of the present invention for improvement and modification that the present invention makes according to announcement of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. one kind is utilized hydrothermal technique that the house refuse ash is cured as the method for construction material, it is characterized in that concrete steps are as follows:
As major ingredient, to wherein adding auxiliary material, constitute compound with the house refuse bottom ash after pulverizing, the addition of auxiliary material is 0%～40% of a compound gross weight; Then, in compound, add the water of compound weight 0%～30%, after mixing, compression moulding under the pressure of 10～40MPa; Again the sample after the demoulding being put into hydrothermal reaction kettle, is that 100～250 ℃, pressure are that the saturated vapor of 0.1～4.0MPa is depressed hydrothermal treatment consists 1～72h in temperature, can obtain required product; Wherein: house refuse bottom ash particle diameter≤200 μ m.
2. the hydrothermal technique that utilizes according to claim 1 is cured as the method with high-intensity construction material with the house refuse ash, it is characterized in that described auxiliary material is to three kind in white lime, steel-making slag or the house refuse flying dust, to improve the strength of materials.
3. the hydrothermal technique that utilizes according to claim 1 is cured as the method for construction material with the house refuse ash, it is characterized in that also can adding natural stone in the described compound, and the addition of natural stone is the 5-20% of compound gross weight.
4. according to claim 1 or the 3 described hydrothermal techniques that utilize the house refuse ash is cured as the method for construction material, it is characterized in that also can adding inorganic dyestuff in the described compound, the addition of inorganic dyestuff is 1%～5% of a compound weight.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102962240A (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2013-03-13 | 东华大学 | Method for stabilizing treatment of waste incineration fly ash by utilizing silicon powder hydrothermal curing |
| CN104129971A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2014-11-05 | 盐城工学院 | Waste incineration fly ash resource method based on magnesium potassium phosphate adhesive |
| CN104478323A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-04-01 | 苏州科技学院 | Method for innocent treatment of poisonous fly ash by virtue of stone cementing process |
| CN105478447A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-13 | 西南科技大学 | Treatment method for incineration fly ash of household rubbish |
| CN107265470A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-10-20 | 重庆大学 | Cinder from refuse incineration hydro-thermal method heavy metal antihunt means |
| CN109127664A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2019-01-04 | 长安大学 | A kind of incineration of refuse flyash curing method and device |
| WO2020252682A1 (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2020-12-24 | The Hong Kong Research Institute Of Textiles And Apparel Limited | Semi-continuous hydrothermal reaction system |
| CN115055479A (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2022-09-16 | 中国城市建设研究院有限公司 | Decoration garbage treatment device and method |
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| CN1274695A (en) * | 2000-05-30 | 2000-11-29 | 袁东旭 | Method of making building block with domestic refuse as raw material |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102962240A (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2013-03-13 | 东华大学 | Method for stabilizing treatment of waste incineration fly ash by utilizing silicon powder hydrothermal curing |
| CN104129971A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2014-11-05 | 盐城工学院 | Waste incineration fly ash resource method based on magnesium potassium phosphate adhesive |
| CN104478323A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-04-01 | 苏州科技学院 | Method for innocent treatment of poisonous fly ash by virtue of stone cementing process |
| CN105478447A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-13 | 西南科技大学 | Treatment method for incineration fly ash of household rubbish |
| CN107265470A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-10-20 | 重庆大学 | Cinder from refuse incineration hydro-thermal method heavy metal antihunt means |
| CN109127664A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2019-01-04 | 长安大学 | A kind of incineration of refuse flyash curing method and device |
| WO2020038026A1 (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2020-02-27 | 长安大学 | Method and device for solidifying fly ash from waste incineration |
| WO2020252682A1 (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2020-12-24 | The Hong Kong Research Institute Of Textiles And Apparel Limited | Semi-continuous hydrothermal reaction system |
| CN115055479A (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2022-09-16 | 中国城市建设研究院有限公司 | Decoration garbage treatment device and method |
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Application publication date: 20100929 |