CN101829790B - Turning processing method of small aspherical optical element - Google Patents
Turning processing method of small aspherical optical element Download PDFInfo
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- CN101829790B CN101829790B CN2010101491977A CN201010149197A CN101829790B CN 101829790 B CN101829790 B CN 101829790B CN 2010101491977 A CN2010101491977 A CN 2010101491977A CN 201010149197 A CN201010149197 A CN 201010149197A CN 101829790 B CN101829790 B CN 101829790B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a turning processing method of a small aspherical optical element, which relates to a small aspherical optical element and provides the turning processing method of the small aspherical optical element, wherein required equipment has simple structure and higher processing precision and efficiency. A processing device adopts the mode that two cutters simultaneously work, the processing device is provided with an X axis, a Y axis, a Z axis and a U axis, and the reciprocating motion of the cutters in the direction of the U axis is realized through a voice coil linear motor; the two cutters are accurately positioned on a processing lathe through a rotary encoder; the cutters are accurately aligned by utilizing a standard part; processing parameters are set; programming is carried out according to a designed processing track to generate a numerical control processing code; the numerical control processing code is moved to realize the simultaneous processing of the two cutters; real-time on-site measurement is carried out on the optical element by utilizing a contact type or non-contact type measurement sensor; analysis processing is carried out on measured data, and if the shape conforms to a processing requirement, the processing is finished; and if the shape does not conform to the processing requirement, a compensation program operates for compensation processing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of small aspherical optical element, relate to especially that two cutters of a kind of employing are worked simultaneously and machining locus is isocontour method for turning.
Background technology
Along with the development of optical, mechanical and electronic integration, be in the various office automation instruments of representative at household appliances such as video camera, Small-sized C D phonographs with laser printer, duplicator, use many optical elements, the aspherisation of these optical elements develops rapidly.They change over aspherical mirror by traditional spherical lens, from the angle of optical design, this means and can reduce lens numbers.Modern eyeglass is constantly innovation in design, has created novel " aspheric surface " design.The curved surface of aspherical lens is being not a same curvature, promptly is being not a sphere.Can make eyeglass thinner, reduce marginal aberration.Make and wear more comfortablely, appearance is more attractive in appearance.Present spheric glass all adopts the form of low curvature, and eyeglass is smooth, and is attractive in appearance but aberration is very big, and high diopter is worn the distortion of sensation edge obviously.The aspheric surface technology is to be applied to reflection equipment the earliest, to reduce aberration, improves image quality, can also alleviate the weight of equipment.At present, high-grade camera gun uses aspherical lens mostly on the market.For improving the performance of eyeglass, reduce the lens edge aberration, to improve the phenomenon of spheric glass edge metamorphopsia, distortion, the aspheric surface technology is introduced in the design of eyeglass, not only improved image quality, and made eyeglass lighter, thinner, more attractive in appearance.
Over nearly 10 years, the process technology of aspherical mirror has had sizable improvement.Common method has: traditional diamond-making techniques such as ultra precision cutting processing, precision grinding machining, ultraprecision grinding and polishing, and special process method such as Laser Processing, electron beam microfabrication, the processing of ELID mirror grinding, magnetorheological polishing processing.
The applicant provides a kind of parallel grinding and cutting method that adopts the 3 two non-axisymmetric aspheric surface optical elements that link of common diamond arc diamond wheel in the patent of invention of notification number for CN101125411.Select processing mode, set machined parameters, utilize the non-axisymmetric aspheric surface surface equation to calculate surface of the work locus of points G; Go out 3 interlock emery wheels of grinding machine central point locus O in conjunction with the arc diamond wheel calculation of parameter; The z coordinate figure that respectively is listed as to O is averaged worth z coordinate figure mean value z
0', O is become O '; Set up Nonlinear System of Equations, with x
g, z
gBe initial value, adopt the Guass-Newton iterative algorithm, utilize x
0, z
0' counter asking obtains surface of the work point x
g' coordinate and z
g' coordinate; Substitution non-axisymmetric aspheric surface surface equation is calculated surface of the work locus of points G '; Go out 3 two interlock emery wheel central point locus O in conjunction with the arc diamond wheel calculation of parameter
1
A kind of process technology of aspherical optical element is provided in the patent of invention of notification number for CN1785560, is mainly used in the processing of zinc selenide and zinc sulfide non spherical surface optical element.Its major technique feature is: zinc selenide and zinc sulphide are carried out machining, the flow process of adopting new technology with CNC lathe and diamond round tool: the manufacturing and designing of suction jig, element semifinishing, element fine finishining, detection faces type, refine face type etc.This invention has fundamentally overcome the defective with traditional polishing process method processing zinc selenide and zinc sulfide non spherical surface optical element exist that efficient is low, cost is high, size and surface precision are difficult to guarantee.The Expected Results that having reached can batch process, steady quality, efficient significantly improve.
A kind of process technology of aspherical optical element is provided in the patent of invention of notification number for CN1785559, is mainly used in the processing of germanium single crystal non spherical surface optical element.Its major technique feature is: with CNC lathe and diamond round tool germanium single crystal is carried out machining, the adopting process flow process: the A blanking; The B corase grind; Manufacturing and designing of C suction jig; The semifinishing of D element; The fine finishining of E element; F detection faces type; G refine face type etc., and selected reasonable technological parameter.This invention has fundamentally overcome the defective with traditional polishing process method Processing germanium single crystal non spherical surface optical element exists that efficient is low, cost is high, size and surface precision are difficult to guarantee.The Expected Results that having reached can batch process, steady quality, efficient significantly improve.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of required process equipment simple in structure, the method for turning of the small aspherical optical element that machining accuracy and efficient are higher.
The present invention includes following steps:
1) processing unit (plant) adopts two patterns that cutter is worked simultaneously, and processing unit (plant) increases cutter and moves back and forth the U axle except that X, Y, Z axle, and cutter is realized by the voice coil loudspeaker voice coil linear electric motors in the axial reciprocating motion of U;
2) by rotary encoder two cutters are accurately located tool setting on lathe for machining;
3) utilize standard component that cutter is carried out accurate tool setting;
4) set machined parameters;
5) programme according to the machining locus that designs, generate numerical control machining code;
6) motion numerical control machining code realizes that two cutters process simultaneously;
7) utilize contact or non-contact measurement sensor, optical element is carried out real-time on-position measure;
8) the gained measurement data is carried out analyzing and processing,, then finish processing if profile meets processing request; If profile does not meet processing request, then move compensation program, compensate processing.
In step 4), described machined parameters mainly comprises rotating speed, processing trace curve equation of main shaft etc.
In step 5), described machining locus is a contour, per car one cutter, two cutter place height unanimities; Described programming comprises the amount of feeding, time delay etc.
The present invention adopts two cutters simultaneously aspherical optical element to be processed, turning each time, and two cuttves are all on same horizontal plane, and are but every the formed machining locus difference of cutter, stroke difference.The starting point of No. 1 cutter is the terminal point of No. 2 cutters, and the terminal point of No. 1 cutter is the starting point of No. 2 cutters.Two closed curves of track composition that cutter forms.In process, whenever machine a closed curve, cutter changes coordinate one time on Z-direction, and the final track that forms is a contour.Meanwhile, can carry out on-position measure.This method has reduced the number of times of processing compensation, has improved machining accuracy, working (machining) efficiency and surface smoothness effectively.
The outstanding feature of this method is to adopt double-pole processing, drives cutter by the voice coil loudspeaker voice coil linear electric motors and moves back and forth, and form isocontour machining locus.The required process equipment of this method is simple in structure, conveniently transforms on original lathe.By this method processing, can improve machining accuracy, and improve working (machining) efficiency.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the structure of processing unit (plant) required for the present invention is formed schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation vertical view of processing unit (plant) required for the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the machining locus schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the machining locus schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Provide the code name of each major part in the accompanying drawing below:
1. processing platform, 2. workpiece, 3. voice coil motor frame, 4. main spindle box, 5. main shaft, 6. anchor clamps, 7. anchor clamps hold-down nut, 8. voice coil motor stator, 9. voice coil motor mover, 10. cutter, 11. toolholder holds nuts.
Referring to Fig. 1 and 2, processing work 2 is fixed on the processing platform 1 by anchor clamps 6, anchor clamps 6 are fixed on the processing platform 1 by anchor clamps hold-down nut 7.In process, main shaft 5 drives processing platform 1 and rotates together, and workpiece 2 also rotates thereupon.Two cutters 10 are installed on the voice coil motor mover 9.It is reciprocating that voice coil motor stator 8 drives cutter 10.Voice coil motor frame 3 can be adjusted the position on Z-direction, the position is adjusted in the axle center of main shaft 5 rotation relatively simultaneously.Cutter 10 changes along with the change of voice coil motor frame 3 positions.Cutter 10 is fixed on the voice coil motor mover 9 by toolholder holds nut 11.
Below provide the concrete steps of processing:
At first, select cutter according to the characteristics of optical element to be processed.
Fig. 3 and 4 provides the machining locus schematic diagram.After cutter installs, adjust the position of cutter as required by rotary encoder, accurately the location.And utilize standard component to carry out tool setting.Next machined parameters is set, mainly comprises the speed of mainshaft, machining locus equation etc.
Secondly, according to the machined parameters that configures, carry out numerical control programming.Calculate two cutters machining locus separately, the amount of feeding and processing time delay etc., and then generate the numerical control machining code of two cutters, form the contour track of forming by two curves.
At last, the operation numerical control machining code is realized the double-pole processing to small aspherical optical element, after processing at one time,, processed element is carried out on-position measure by contact or noncontacting proximity sensor, the result is carried out analyzing and processing, thereby generate the compensation procedure, compensate processing.
Claims (3)
1. the method for turning of a small aspherical optical element is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) processing unit (plant) adopts two patterns that cutter is worked simultaneously, and processing unit (plant) increases cutter and moves back and forth the U axle except that X, Y, Z axle, and cutter is realized by the voice coil loudspeaker voice coil linear electric motors in the axial reciprocating motion of U;
2) by rotary encoder two cutters are accurately located tool setting on lathe for machining;
3) utilize standard component that cutter is carried out accurate tool setting;
4) set machined parameters;
5) programme according to the machining locus that designs, generate numerical control machining code, described machining locus is a contour, per car one cutter, two cutter place height unanimities;
6) the operation numerical control machining code realizes that two cutters process simultaneously;
7) utilize contact or non-contact measurement sensor, optical element is carried out real-time on-position measure;
8) the gained measurement data is carried out analyzing and processing,, then finish processing if profile meets processing request; If profile does not meet processing request, then move compensation program, compensate processing.
2. the method for turning of a kind of small aspherical optical element as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in step 4), and described machined parameters comprises rotating speed, the processing trace curve equation of main shaft.
3. the method for turning of a kind of small aspherical optical element as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in step 5), and described programming comprises the amount of feeding, time delay.
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| CN2010101491977A CN101829790B (en) | 2010-04-12 | 2010-04-12 | Turning processing method of small aspherical optical element |
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| CN2010101491977A CN101829790B (en) | 2010-04-12 | 2010-04-12 | Turning processing method of small aspherical optical element |
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| CN101829790B true CN101829790B (en) | 2011-08-10 |
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Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102303224B (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2013-09-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Device and method for integrally machining and measuring optical parts |
| CN103537717B (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2016-01-13 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of swing type becomes inclination angle non-circular cutting mechanism and numerically controlled lathe thereof |
| CN104607658A (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2015-05-13 | 丹阳华恩光学镜片有限公司 | Ultra-precise turning process for zinc selenide lens |
| CN103722182A (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2014-04-16 | 郑丽萍 | Method for turning germanium lens |
| CN103659349A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-03-26 | 昆明云锗高新技术有限公司 | New technology for machining germanium single crystal wafer |
| CN108202147A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2018-06-26 | 天津津航技术物理研究所 | A kind of folding with centre bore spreads out blending surface speculum method for turning |
| US20180369016A1 (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2018-12-27 | Novartis Ag | Electronically actuated reciprocating surgical instrument |
| US10893978B2 (en) | 2017-12-14 | 2021-01-19 | Alcon Inc. | Vitreous cutter pneumatic driver |
| CN108284369B (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2021-01-26 | 广东工业大学 | Aspheric surface ultra-precise polishing and shape error compensation method |
| CN108526559B (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2020-09-15 | 华域视觉科技(上海)有限公司 | Processing method of optical sample piece of car lamp |
| CN111002114A (en) * | 2020-01-04 | 2020-04-14 | 云南驰宏国际锗业有限公司 | Precise polishing method for germanium lens |
| CN114603430B (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-08-19 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Method for inhibiting surface band-breaking errors of deep axicon optical element |
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| CN1490125A (en) * | 2003-08-22 | 2004-04-21 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Non-spherical optical component composite machining and testing machine tools |
| CN101508025A (en) * | 2009-03-13 | 2009-08-19 | 厦门大学 | Processing control method of axial symmetry free-form surface of aspheric surface optical elements |
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| US4995300A (en) * | 1989-04-28 | 1991-02-26 | Chariot Star, Inc. | Lathe for generating aspherical surfaces on work pieces |
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