CN101816874B - 燃料裂解炉尾气处理系统 - Google Patents
燃料裂解炉尾气处理系统 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101816874B CN101816874B CN2010101688792A CN201010168879A CN101816874B CN 101816874 B CN101816874 B CN 101816874B CN 2010101688792 A CN2010101688792 A CN 2010101688792A CN 201010168879 A CN201010168879 A CN 201010168879A CN 101816874 B CN101816874 B CN 101816874B
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- Prior art keywords
- gas
- water
- fuel
- pyrolysis furnace
- tank
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- 239000007789 gases Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000011901 water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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[C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000007787 solids Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound 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[O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
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- 229910001856 sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Chemical compound 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[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011649 sodium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound 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[S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001890 sulfur dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulphur dioxide Chemical compound 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O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gases Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
- F23J15/025—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
- B01D47/06—Spray cleaning
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
Abstract
本发明公开了一种燃料裂解炉含锅炉及卧式废塑料、废轮胎裂解炉尾气处理系统，所述的燃料包括固体燃料和气体或者液体燃料，包括与裂解炉相连的碳尘粒过滤系统，与碳尘粒过滤系统相连的气固分离系统，与气固分离系统相连的烟气排放系统，以及循环水冷却系统，与现有技术相比是一种环保、经济能够减少或者根除尾气中的碳尘粒、排放温度与大气温度大致相同、使用寿命长的燃料裂解炉尾气处理系统，同时该系统装卸方便、快捷。
Description
燃料裂解炉尾气处理系统
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及一种燃烧设备的尾气排放环保处理系统，尤其涉及一种卧式燃料裂解炉尾气处理系统，这种裂解炉含锅炉及卧式废塑料、废轮胎裂解炉，所述的燃料包括固体燃料和气体或者液体燃料。
背景技术
[0002] 目前有多种的卧式燃料裂解炉尾气的排放与处理系统，但这些系统在使用过程中在短期内就会出现管道及设备严重破损，及水温过高致使水泵报废等现象，其主要是源于没有考虑到热气流带动碳尘粒引发对管道及设备的破坏性冲击力的问题，同时在排放尾气的过程中还含有较大的黑烟与高温排放。如中国专利申请号为CN02147836. 8授权公开文本中就提到了一种再生橡胶生产工艺尾气净化方法，主要是从再生橡胶动态脱硫罐排出的含水汽、微量恶臭及有害的可燃气体通过管道送入一、二级热交换器降温、减压，后进入气体膨胀器、气体吸收塔，并以碱液吸收硫化氢，气体吸收塔出来的尾气通入循环吸收分离器，以碳酸钠溶液吸收硫化氢，并进行气液分离，循环吸收分离器排出的干燥废气通入焚烧炉，焚烧炉排出的尾气经冲激式水浴除硫除尘器吸收二氧化硫，之后尾气经烟囱排入大气。 此发明的再生橡胶生产工艺尾气净化方法能大量节约能源，减少燃煤消耗，环保效果好，减少环境污染，同时改善操作工人的劳动环境，避免有害气体对人们的伤害。虽然可以减少尾气中含有污染大气的成份，但并不能有效除去尾气中含有的碳尘粒及降低整个尾气的高
发明内容
[0003] 本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足而提供一种既环保、又经济的燃料裂解炉尾气处理系统，能够减少或者根除尾气中的碳尘粒、排放温度与大气温度大致相同，使用寿命长，同时该系统装卸方便、快捷。
[0004] 为实现上述目的，本发明采用了下述技术方案：
[0005] 这种燃料裂解炉尾气处理系统，所述系统包括相互连接的碳尘粒过滤系统，气固分离系统，烟气排放系统；
[0006] 所述碳尘土粒过滤系统包括有热气水缓冲室，该热气水缓冲室一端通过连接管道与裂解炉尾气端相连接，该缓冲室下端设置有碳渣过滤器，该碳渣过滤器上设有排液固管；
[0007] 所述气固分离系统与碳尘粒过滤系统相连接，包括有与缓冲室另一端通过管道相连的气固分离器，在所述的气固分离器内装有可喷碱性水的回旋喷雾喷咀，气固分离器的气体出口通过引风管与混合管道的气体入口相接，混合管道上设有液固入口，液固入口与设置于气固分离器下端的下部水固管道相通，在混合管道上设置有可将下部水固管道中的碱水、碳渣及引风管的气体引出、并使碱水、碳渣及气体进一步混合的引风器；
[0008] 所述的烟气排放系统，包括有三部分，下部罐体，与下部罐体项部相连接的热交换器及设于热交换器上部的气体排放管道；其中，所述的下部罐体与混合管道的出口相连接， 下部罐体上设置有湿性碳尘渣口及出水口，所述的气体排放管道内也设置有可喷碱水的环型喷雾咀。
[0009] 另外还设置有可使热交换器中的循环水、气固分离器中的循环水及碳渣过滤器中的循环水循环的循环水冷却系统；该循环水冷却系统包括有冷却塔、下部罐体上的出水口为热水出口，热水出口直接水渣池，同时与水渣池连接设置有过滤式沉渣池，碳渣过滤器的排液固管排出的液渣通往过滤式沉渣池，过滤式沉渣池中的水通过循环冷却水泵进出冷却塔；另外与所述冷却塔连接有热循环水泵，该水泵同时与热交换器、气固分离器及碳渣过滤器的热交换器水管及前级循环水管相连接。
[0010] 所述的气体排放管道及热交换器上设置有相通的后级循环碱性冷水管，该后级循环碱性冷水管与循环水冷却系统相接，循环水冷却系统还外接有冷水补给管。
[0011] 所述的连接管道是方型管道。
[0012] 所述的连接管道中设置有两层或者两层以上的多层水帘喷淋。
[0013] 所述的缓冲室中设置有两重水帘喷淋。
[0014] 所述的碳渣过滤器为双重碳渣过滤器。
[0015] 所述的气固分离器为双塔形，包括有两个立式圆柱形筒体。
[0016] 所述的碱性喷雾用水为石灰水或者已稀释的氢氧化钠水。
[0017] 所述的引风管为方型引风管。
[0018] 所述的引风器后端管道长度不少于9M。
[0019] 通过上述技术方案，从而该发明具有下述有益效果：
[0020] 1.能够对尾气进行脱硫、减轻二氧化碳排放的同时，还可能将尾气中含有的碳尘粒进行清除，实现无污染几乎无白烟排放，有效的改变了以往燃气炉尾气因尾气排放过程中所产生的弱酸腐蚀管道引起管道容易破损的缺陷，保障系统的使用寿命；
[0021] 2.能够将尾气的温度降低到与大气基本相同排放，从而同样保障了系统的使用寿命。
附图说明
[0022] 图1为本发明燃料裂解炉尾气处理系统的示意图。
[0023] 图2为双塔形湿式气固分离器及其内部构造的示意图。
[0024] 图3为烟气排放系统及其内部构造的示意图。
具体实施方式
[0025] 下面结合附图对本发明作出进一步的说明。
[0026] 如图1-3所示，这种燃料裂解炉尾气处理系统，包括与裂解炉相连的碳尘粒过滤系统，所述的碳尘土粒过滤系统包括有与裂解炉相通的连接管道1，连接管道1是方型管道，其另一端与热气水缓冲室3相连，连接管道中设置有两层或者两层以上的多层水帘喷淋，所述的缓冲室3中设置有两重水帘喷淋，从方型连接管道进入的热气在多层以水帘喷淋以及缓冲室的作用下减弱烟气（水）带动烟气中炭粒所引发破坏性热冲击力；同时缓冲室下端设置有碳渣过滤器4，该所述的碳渣过滤器为双重碳渣过滤器，其上设有排液固管40。
[0027] 还包括有与碳尘粒过滤系统相连的气固分离系统，所述的气固分离系统包括有与缓冲室3另一端通过管道相连的气固分离器2，所述的气固分离器2为双塔形，包括有两个立式圆柱形筒体，在所述的气固分离器内装有回旋喷雾喷咀162，回旋喷雾喷咀中设置有碱性喷雾用水，所述的碱性喷雾用水为石灰水或者已稀释的氢氧化钠水；其回旋喷雾喷咀主要是让碱性水与上升的水气加大接触面积，以此起到除尘、脱硫和二次除碳任用；具体来说气固分离器2的气体出口 20通过引风管5与混合管道M的气体入口 541相接，混合管道讨上设有液固入口讨0，液固入口 540与设置于气固分离器2下端的下部水固管道52相通， 在混合管道M上设置有可将下部水固管道52中的碱水、碳渣及引风管5中的气体引出，并使碱水、碳渣及气体进一步混合的引风器6 ；进一步来说，所述的引风管是方型引风管，所述的引风器后端管道M长度不少于9M。
[0028] 另外，还包括有烟气排放系统，所述的烟气排放系统包括有三部分，下部是圆桶型罐体9，罐体项部通过管道连接中部的热交换器8，上部的气体排放管道16与热交换器相通连接，热交换器主要是将由下部上升而来的热水蒸汽起到气相分离的作用，随便气体继续向上通过上部的气体排放管道。其中，所述的下部罐体9与混合管道M的出口相连接，下部罐体9上设置有湿性碳尘渣口 90及出水口 92，所述的气体排放管道16内也设置有可喷碱水的环型喷雾咀162，喷雾咀中设置有碱性喷雾用水，同样是石灰水或者已稀释的氢氧化钠水；经前面多道装置的处理，在此处尾气中尚残余有二氧化碳存在，因此，在该环形喷雾喷咀以喷雾方式向下喷淋碱性水时与二氧化碳再次接触生成碳酸盐类物质。
[0029] 另外还设置有可使热交换器8中的循环水、气固分离器2中的循环水及碳渣过滤器4中的循环水循环的循环水冷却系统；该循环水冷却系统包括有冷却塔7、下部罐体9上的出水口 92为热水出口，热水出口直接水渣池17，同时与水渣池17连接设置有过滤式沉渣池12，碳渣过滤器4的排液固管40排出的液渣通往过滤式沉渣池12，过滤式沉渣池12中的水通过循环冷却水泵11进出冷却塔7 ；另外与所述冷却塔7连接有热循环水泵13，该水泵13同时与热交换器8、气固分离器2及碳渣过滤器4的热交换器水管15及前级循环水管 14相连接。其中所述的气体排放管道16及热交换器8上设置有相通的后级循环碱性冷水管10，该后级循环碱性冷水管10与循环水冷却系统相接，循环水冷却系统还外接有冷水补给管19，从而从系统出水口 92流出的热水G0-60°C )进入水槽，再经过冷却塔的冷却进行水过滤系统处理后循环处理，如水温超过设定温度时，再由另外的冷水设备制冷补给。
[0030] 与现有技术相比，这种裂解炉尾气处理系统能够对尾气进行脱硫、减轻二氧化碳排放的同时，还可能将尾气中含有的碳尘粒进行清除，实现无污染几乎无白烟排放，有效的改变了以往燃料的裂解炉因排放热气带动碳尘粒冲击管道及设备，以及燃气炉尾气因尾气排放过程中所产生的弱酸腐蚀管道引起管道容易破损的缺陷，保障系统的使用寿命；同时能够将尾气的温度降低到与大气基本相同排放，大大的减低了室温排放，有利于环保；同时该系统装卸方便、快捷。
Claims (10)
1. 一种燃料裂解炉尾气处理系统，其特征在于：所述系统包括相互连接的碳尘粒过滤系统，气固分离系统，烟气排放系统；所述碳尘粒过滤系统包括有热气水缓冲室（3)，该热气水缓冲室一端通过连接管道 (1)与裂解炉尾气端相连接，该缓冲室（3)下端设置有碳渣过滤器（4)，该碳渣过滤器（4) 上设有排液固管（40)；所述气固分离系统与碳尘粒过滤系统相连接，包括有与缓冲室（3)另一端通过管道相连的气固分离器（2)，在所述的气固分离器内装有可喷碱性水的回旋喷雾喷咀（24)，气固分离器（2)的气体出口（20)通过引风管（5)与混合管道（54)的气体入口（541)相接，混合管道（54)上设有液固入口（540)，液固入口（540)与设置于气固分离器（2)下端的下部水固管道（52)相通，在混合管道（54)上设置有可将下部水固管道（52)中的碱水、碳渣及引风管（5)中的气体引出、并使碱水、碳渣及气体进一步混合的引风器（6)；所述的烟气排放系统，包括有三部分，下部罐体（9)，与下部罐体项部相连接的热交换器⑶及设于热交换器⑶上部的气体排放管道（16)；其中，所述的下部罐体（9)与混合管道（54)的出口相连接，下部罐体（9)上设置有湿性碳尘渣口（90)及出水口（92)，所述的气体排放管道（16)内也设置有可喷碱水的环型喷雾咀（162)。
2.如权利要求1所述的燃料裂解炉尾气处理系统，其特征在于：另外还设置有可使热交换器（8)中的循环水、气固分离器（2)中的循环水及碳渣过滤器（4)中的循环水循环的循环水冷却系统；该循环水冷却系统包括有冷却塔（7)、下部罐体（9)，下部罐体上的出水口（92)为热水出口，热水出口直接水渣池（17)，同时与水渣池（17)连接设置有过滤式沉渣池（12)，碳渣过滤器（4)的排液固管（40)排出的液渣通往过滤式沉渣池（12)，过滤式沉渣池（12)中的水通过循环冷却水泵（11)进出冷却塔（7)；另外与所述冷却塔（7)连接有热循环水泵（13)，该热循环水泵（13)同时与热交换器（8)、气固分离器（2)及碳渣过滤器 (4)的热交换器水管（15)及前级循环水管（14)相连接。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的燃料裂解炉尾气处理系统，其特征在于：所述的气体排放管道（16)及热交换器（8)上设置有相通的后级循环碱性冷水管（10)，该后级循环碱性冷水管（10)与循环水冷却系统相接，循环水冷却系统还外接有冷水补给管（19)。
4.如权利要求3所述的燃料裂解炉尾气处理系统，其特征在于：所述的连接管道（1) 中设置有两层或者两层以上的多层水帘喷淋。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的燃料裂解炉尾气处理系统，其特征在于：所述的缓冲室（3) 中设置有两重水帘喷淋。
6.如权利要求1或2所述的燃料裂解炉尾气处理系统，其特征在于：所述的碳渣过滤器（4)为双重碳渣过滤器。
7.如权利要求1或2所述的燃料裂解炉尾气处理系统，其特征在于：所述的气固分离器（2)为双塔形，包括有两个立式圆柱形筒体。
8.如权利要求1或2所述的燃料裂解炉尾气处理系统，其特征在于：所述的碱性喷雾用水为石灰水或者已稀释的氢氧化钠水。
9.如权利要求1或2所述的燃料裂解炉尾气处理系统，其特征在于：所述的引风管（5) 为方型引风管。
10.如权利要求1或2所述的燃料裂解炉尾气处理系统，其特征在于：所述的引风器的后端管道（54)长度不少于9M。
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| CN102847398A (zh) * | 2011-06-28 | 2013-01-02 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | 一种延迟焦化除焦排放蒸汽处理装置及方法 |
| CN102380295A (zh) * | 2011-09-29 | 2012-03-21 | 牛晓璐 | 废橡胶裂解烟气净化工艺及其设备 |
| CN103320615B (zh) * | 2013-04-25 | 2014-12-24 | 广东工业大学 | 一种废弃塑封ic焙烧脱胶集成装置及其使用方法 |
| CN103230729A (zh) * | 2013-04-26 | 2013-08-07 | 天津东榛橡胶有限公司 | 橡胶加工领域的废气净化系统 |
| CN103657322A (zh) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-03-26 | 黑龙江省斯达特兽药有限公司 | 一种高效塑料熔融裂解烟气解析分离净化系统 |
| CN104147886B (zh) * | 2014-08-26 | 2016-08-24 | 宁夏科豪陶瓷有限公司 | 一种兰炭尾气降温净化系统 |
| CN104857820A (zh) * | 2015-05-14 | 2015-08-26 | 广东华信达节能环保有限公司 | 一种冷凝烟气消白的方法及用于该方法的冷凝器 |
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| CN200977446Y (zh) * | 2006-11-13 | 2007-11-21 | 晃谊科技股份有限公司 | 湿式喷雾废气处理装置 |
| CN201684518U (zh) * | 2010-05-12 | 2010-12-29 | 华南再生资源（中山）有限公司 | 燃料裂解炉尾气处理系统 |
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