Phosphoric acid tail gas electric demister
Technical field:
The invention belongs to phosphorous chemical industry technology and environmental protection technical field, relate to a kind of phosphoric acid tail gas electric demister.
Technical background:
Tail gas contains phosphorus pentoxide, diphosphorus trioxide and foreign gas such as elemental phosphorous in the phosphoric acid production, and the discharging of this type of tail gas will cause serious air pollution.Existing exhaust gas treating method is generally WATER-WASHING METHOD, Li Yun, Zhou Junhong is at " thermal phosphoric acid produce exhaust emissions phosphorus pentoxide exceed standard the analysis of causes and countermeasure ", design of sulphur phosphorus and powder technology, 2006 the 5th phases, in mention phosphorus pentoxide content severe overweight in the thermal phosphoric acid production discharge tail gas, propose the countermeasure of two aspects: first aspect is that production process equipment is transformed and optimized operating condition, reduces discharge of harmful gases; Calculating two aspects is that the acid spray that will change the offgas duct the superiors is the water spray, reduces exhaust temperature to reduce the phosphoric acid vapor partial pressure, improves hydration rate simultaneously, reduces the phosphorus pentoxide in the gas phase; The method of tradition phosphoric acid production tail gas demist also has and uses the demist of secondary retaining, wire packing demist, and its effect is very not undesirable.
The method of a kind of load type active carbon catalyzing, oxidizing and purifying thermal phosphoric acid tail gas of Chinese patent CN200910094120.1, be to be carrier with the active carbon, the blue or green cobalt of load sulfonation phthalein, copper ion, cerium ion active component promptly get the modified load-type active carbon after the drying roasting again.This active carbon is carried out the catalyzing, oxidizing and purifying reaction as fixed bed to the tail gas of thermal phosphoric acid production, purify the phosphorus pentoxide that removes in the tail gas, diphosphorus trioxide and foreign gas such as elemental phosphorous.Have advantage purification efficiency height, alleviate the renewable recycling of pollution, active carbon environment.But, because the preparation of modified activated carbon and carried active carbon regeneration have strengthened the cost of handling tail gas.
At present, be used for industrial aerosol purified treatment such as coal gas, titanium white, sulfuric acid, smelting, the purification apparatus of use has plumbous electrostatic precipitator, PVC-U electrostatic precipitator, fiberglass electrostatic precipitator, fiberglass PP composite material electrostatic precipitator etc.The precipitation pole plate form of electrostatic precipitator mainly contains tubular type, board-like.As the fiberglass PP composite material electrostatic precipitator of Chinese patent CN02159086.9, be a kind of device that is used for titanium white, sulfuric acid, the purification of metallurgical off-gas acid-making production acid mist efficiently; The condensing electrostatic precipitator of Chinese patent ZL97233678.8 is the improvement that the sulfuric acid chemical industry is not equipped with, and it is simple in structure, and a device is dual-purpose, and not only removal of impurities but also cool off reaches the technological requirement of system sulfuric acid industry; The high flow rate electrostatic precipitator of Chinese patent ZL94238778.3, feature is to use pure lead, lead-antimony alloy and the steel alloy of anti-sulfuric acid, is reversed into the banded zigzag corona discharge electrode of spiral helicine water chestnut, can make electric-field intensity more even, improves the efficient of removing acid mist or mist of oil; The square tube type electrostatic precipitator of Chinese patent ZL200420080164.1, it is improvement to electrostatic precipitator receiving electrode structure, mainly comprise precipitation electrodes and sparking electrode, the receiving electrode pipe is square rhs-structure, sparking electrode hangs on the center of every receiving electrode pipe, realize compact equipment, reduce the cost of equipment, and guarantee the operating efficiency of electrostatic precipitator; The wide polar distance electric demisting device with conductive fiberglass reinforced plastic of Chinese patent ZL200620098242.X is diameter and the length that strengthens electrode tube, and electrode tube is round, positive square, positive hexangle type, and improves inferior rate to the 100~200KW that attacks, and improves demist efficient; The distribution device in gas-fluid of a kind of electrostatic precipitator of Chinese patent ZL200720187450.1 is the improvement of the distribution device of electrostatic precipitator during a kind of sulfuric acid industry is produced.It is characterized in that this distribution device in gas-fluid is the distribution grid of four " umbrella " shapes being made up of four inclined-planes, can guarantee that gas evenly distributes on the electrostatic precipitator cross-sectional area, thereby improved the fog effect that removes of electric mist, simultaneously also reduced to have prolonged the service life of electric mist polar curve because of of the damage of gas concentration of local to electric mist polar curve.
We are according to being used for electrostatic precipitator electricity demist principle and the phosphoric acid production vent gas treatment technology that aerosol purified treatment such as coal gas, titanium white, sulfuric acid, smelting are used to existing for many years, set out in conjunction with phosphoric acid production is actual, this phosphoric acid tail gas electric demister has been invented in research.Through looking into all the other documents, phosphoric acid tail gas is handled all the purifier that makes the electricity consumption demist.In above-described phosphoric acid tail gas purified treatment, adopt the processing of WATER-WASHING METHOD absorption liquid, can be faced with and cause secondary pollution problem.Use the demist of secondary retaining, wire packing demist, its effect is very not undesirable.Working load activated carbon catalysis oxidation, purification has then strengthened the cost of handling tail gas, and it is also relatively poor to handle tail-gas quality stability.As adopt electric demister of the present invention to handle the tail gas of phosphoric acid, and it is stable to reach depuration quality, and can avoid the secondary pollution problem, and processing cost is also lower.
Summary of the invention:
Purpose of the present invention: be the problems of the prior art of handling phosphoric acid tail gas in order to solve, aim to provide a kind of economical and practical, depuration quality is stable, and the phosphoric acid tail gas electric demister of non-secondary pollution solves the environmental pollution of phosphoric acid production and the problem of raising economical, societal benefits.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
According to high-pressure electrostatic deposition principle, utilize the high voltage and constant current dc source to produce the high-voltage electrostatic field ionization takes place, produce free electron and cation, electronics near the negative electrode high pressure is effectively quickened by highfield, charged ion and form electron avalanche, the phosphoric acid molecules of these electronics and phosphoric acid tail gas is adsorbed onto the anode tube electrostatic precipitation rapidly after forming anion, form neutral molecule phosphoric acid drop, flow to the phosphoric acid,diluted groove downwards along anode tube, regularly add hot water injection's anode tube from the electric demister top, obtain tail gas recycle phosphoric acid, the gas of purification is discharged from the gas outlet, top.
The present invention is achieved in that
Phosphoric acid tail gas electric demister, be provided with discharge chamber, cooling chamber, gas distributing chamber, inlet plenum, its parts comprise: high voltage and constant current dc source lead wire insulation case, no lead wire insulation case, top cover, housing, discharge chamber manhole, corona electrode device, card one, anode electrostatic precipitation pipe, water inlet, card two, gas distributing chamber's manhole, gas distribution grid, inlet plenum manhole, inclined bottom plate, sewage draining exit, air inlet, delivery port, gas outlet and flusher are formed.
The connection of above-described electric demister parts comprises: high voltage and constant current dc source lead wire insulation case is fixed on the top cover, and be connected with the corona electrode device, no lead wire insulation case is fixedly connected on the top cover, top cover is connected with flange with housing, card one, card two welds with anode electrostatic precipitation pipe and housing respectively, gas distribution grid welds with housing between gas distributing chamber's manhole and inlet plenum manhole, inclined bottom plate is positioned at housing bottom and housing welding, flusher is fixed on the top cover, delivery port, water inlet lays respectively at card one bottom and is connected with housing with card two tops, air inlet is positioned at inlet plenum middle part and housing welding, sewage draining exit is positioned at inlet plenum and inclined bottom plate low level and housing welding, flusher and top cover welding.
The top cover of the above purifier, housing, corona electrode device, anode electrostatic precipitation pipe, card, gas distribution grid, inclined bottom plate, flange etc. are made of stainless steel material, except that the corona electrode device, or adopt lead plating to reply condensation material and/or PYC composite and/or fiberglass and/or the making of fiberglass PP composite material by cable.
The electric demist of the above purifier is the high voltage and constant current dc source that adopts 30~70KV.
The conveying equipment of the phosphoric acid tail gas of the above purifier adopts positive pressure fan or negative-pressure air fan, just adopts malleation or negative-pressure operation.
Every cathode line of the corona electrode device of the above purifier is passed from anode electrostatic precipitation tube hub.
The anode electrostatic precipitation pipe of the above purifier is honeycomb type or triangular form or square or round.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect:
The phosphoric acid tail gas electric demister is to adopt high voltage and constant current dc source 30~70KV to produce the high-voltage electrostatic field; Anode electrostatic precipitation pipe adopts the structure of honeycombed, triangular form, square, can make the arrangement architecture compactness of equipment, increase the area of electrostatic field, improve the treating capacity of phosphoric acid tail gas, the high-voltage electrostatic field is sent out cooling system is set, and phosphoric acid tail gas enters anode electrostatic precipitation pipe by gas distributing chamber and further lowered the temperature, reduce its flowing velocity, increase the ionization effect, improve the phosphoric acid precipitates rate, thereby reach the purification of phosphoric acid tail gas.After the phosphoric acid tail gas electric demist purified treatment, give off and only contain a spot of steam, visually insentience has flue gas fully.The phosphorus acid content of phosphoric acid tail gas is reduced to after electric demist≤1PPM by 〉=50PPM, and the phosphoric acid yield improves more than 0.5%, solves the environmental pollution problems of phosphoric acid production, protects factory and surrounding enviroment effectively, has improved economic and social benefit.
Description of drawings:
Accompanying drawing 1: be apparatus of the present invention structural representation.
Identify among the figure: 1, high voltage and constant current dc source lead wire insulation case; 2, no lead wire insulation case; 3, top cover; 4, flange; 5, housing; 6 discharge chamber manholes; 7, corona electrode device; 8, card one; 9, delivery port; 10, anode electrostatic precipitation pipe; 11, card two; 12, gas distributing chamber's manhole; 13, gas distribution grid; 14, inlet plenum manhole; 15, inclined bottom plate; 16, sewage draining exit; 17, air inlet; 18, water inlet; 19, gas outlet; 20, flusher.
The specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples apparatus of the present invention are described in detail.
Embodiment:
Phosphoric acid tail gas electric demist cleaning equipment device, high voltage and constant current dc source lead wire insulation case 1 is fixed on the top cover 3, and is connected with corona electrode device 7; No lead wire insulation case 2 is fixedly connected on the top cover 3; Top cover 3 is connected with housing 5 usefulness flanges 4; Card 1, card 2 11 weld with anode electrostatic precipitation pipe 10 and housing 5 respectively; Gas distribution grid 13 welds with housing 4 between gas distributing chamber's manhole 12 and inlet plenum manhole 14; Inclined bottom plate 15 is positioned at housing 5 bottoms and housing 5 welding; Flusher 20 is fixed on the top cover 3; Delivery port 9, water inlet 18 lay respectively at card one 8 bottoms and card 2 11 tops and 5 outer connections of housing; Air inlet 17 is positioned at inlet plenum and housing 5 welding; Sewage draining exit 16 is positioned at inclined bottom plate 15 low levels and housing 5 welding; Gas outlet 19 is located at top cover 3 centre positions; Flusher 20 and top cover 3 welding; Every cathode line of corona electrode device 7 is passed from anode electrostatic precipitation pipe 10 centers.
Technological operation step of the present invention is: electric demist purifier coolant intake 18 and delivery port 9 water valves are opened control delivery port 9 temperature≤40 ℃; Close then high voltage and constant current dc source lead wire insulation case 2 power supplys of electric defogging equipment, control high voltage and constant current dc source 30-70KV; Phosphoric acid tail gas adopts malleation or negative-pressure operation, when phosphoric acid tail gas be cooled to≤50 ℃ after, be transported to electric defogging equipment bottom air inlet 17 and enter inlet plenum, enter equal air chamber through entering card 2 11; Enter anode electrostatic precipitation pipe 10 then, high voltage and constant current dc source through 30~70KV produces high-voltage electrostatic field generation ionization, produce free electron and cation, electronics near the negative electrode high pressure is effectively quickened by highfield, charged ion and form electron avalanche, these electronics and phosphoric acid molecules are adsorbed onto 9 electrostatic precipitations of anode electrostatic precipitation pipe rapidly after forming anion, form neutral molecule phosphoric acid drop, flow to inlet plenum bottom inclined bottom plate 15 downwards along anode electrostatic precipitation pipe 10, enter the phosphoric acid,diluted groove through sewage draining exit 16.Regularly add hot water injection's anode electrostatic precipitation pipe 10 from electric defogging equipment top flusher 20, obtain tail gas recycle phosphoric acid, the gas of purification is 19 discharges from the gas outlet, top.The phosphorus acid content of phosphoric acid production tail gas is reduced to after electric demist≤1PPM by 〉=50PPM, and the phosphoric acid yield improves more than 0.5%.