CN101800341B - Lithium-ion battery monomer balancer - Google Patents
Lithium-ion battery monomer balancer Download PDFInfo
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- CN101800341B CN101800341B CN201010144573A CN201010144573A CN101800341B CN 101800341 B CN101800341 B CN 101800341B CN 201010144573 A CN201010144573 A CN 201010144573A CN 201010144573 A CN201010144573 A CN 201010144573A CN 101800341 B CN101800341 B CN 101800341B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a lithium-ion battery monomer balancer, comprising a DC/DC module, a CAN communication module, an I2C communication module, an SPI communication module, a serial communication module and a master CPU process module. The master CPU module is connected with a CAN transceiver of the CAN communication module through a CAN controller self-contained in the CPU. The device also comprises an I2C bus transceiver module self-contained in the CPU of the master CPU module, and an SPI bus transceiver module. The master CPU module is connected with a serial electric level converter of a serial communication module through a serial transceiver self-contained in the CPU. The CPU module is connected with a DC/DC module by a control signal line. The balancer can control whether the DC/DC module outputs balance voltage, can be communicated with a lithium-ion monomer measurement module or a lithium-ion battery management system, receive balanced strategy configuration information and monomer measurement voltage value thereof, balance corresponding monomer according to the balanced strategy and the monomer voltage value, and configure the balanced strategy through a PC.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of battery monomer balancer, particularly the lithium-ion battery monomer balancer used of electric automobile, electric bicycle.
Background technology
Used for electric vehicle lithium ion battery, electric bicycle are with lithium ion battery and other lithium ion battery groups; Because the unbalanced phenomenon of monomer voltage in use can appear in battery cell, the unbalanced meeting of this monomer has a strong impact on the useful life of lithium ion battery.Therefore in use,, make the monomer voltage of lithium ion and electric weight be on the same level, so just improve the useful life of lithium ion battery group greatly if lithium-ion battery monomer is carried out equilibrium control.
At present, domesticly lithium ion battery is done equilibrium mainly contain following two characteristics: 1, lithium-ion battery monomer voltage acquisition and equilibrium integrate.Like Chinese invention patent 200810040980.2 " power lithium-ion battery charging of set provided with equalizing charge inside " collection of lithium ion battery voltage and equilibrium all are integrated in the control casing, make the versatility of balancer reduce greatly.2, balancer adopts the energy consumption type mostly, is employed in the mode of lithium-ion battery monomer two ends parallel resistance.Like Chinese invention patent 200810040980.2 " power lithium-ion battery charging of set provided with equalizing charge inside " and Chinese invention patent 200610044624.9 " equalization charging circuit of power lithium-ion battery ", all adopt the self discharge circuit of parallel resistance in these two inventions.This equalization methods receives the discharge resistance Power Limitation usually, can't carry out equilibrium to jumbo lithium ion.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art, propose a kind of lithium-ion battery monomer balancer.The present invention separates equalizing circuit and lithium-ion battery monomer tension measuring circuit, has improved the versatility of lithium ion balancer greatly.
Lithium ion battery balancer of the present invention mainly comprises following module: DC/DC module, CAN communication module, I2C communication module, SPI communication module, serial communication modular and host CPU processing module.The CAN controller that the host CPU module carries through CPU inside and the CAN transceiver of CAN communication module are connected, and the CAN communication module communicates through the CAN bus with the outside.I2C bus transceiver module that the CPU inside of host CPU module carries and spi bus transceiver module, the I2C communication module communicates through I2C bus and outside, and the SPI communication module communicates through spi bus and outside.The serial ports transceiver that the host CPU module carries through CPU inside is connected with the serial ports level translator of serial communication modular, and serial communication modular communicates through serial ports and outside.The input of DC/DC module connects the total voltage at the two ends of battery pack, and the output of DC/DC module connects by the two ends of balanced cell.Described CPU module is connected with described DC/DC module through control signal wire, and whether control DC/DC exports equalizing voltage.
The host CPU module of balancer of the present invention; Can pass through CAN communication module, I2C communication module, SPI communication module, serial communication modular, receive voltage measurement signal, balance policy and the configuration information of lithium ion single measurement module or lithium ion battery management system.Host CPU also can be accepted balance policy and the configuration information of PC to lithium-ion battery monomer balancer through above communication module.
The mode that the present invention adopts the DC/DC energy to shift converts battery voltage to the monomer lithium ion cell charging voltage, has overcome the balanced way of traditional use resistance consumption energy type, has significantly reduced the energy loss of lithium ion battery group.Adopt dedicated PWM power-supply controller of electric spare in the DC/DC module, PWM power-supply controller of electric spare can produce the PWM waveform of fixed frequency.Described PWM power-supply controller of electric spare has voltage output feedback end and electric current output feedback end, and when output voltage and electric current departed from set point, PWM power-supply controller of electric spare was just regulated the duty ratio of PWM waveform output, thereby controlled the voltage and current that DC/DC exports.
The present invention can also pass through the exterior arrangement balance policy.Different its flash-over characteristics of lithium ion battery group is different, and its strategy when doing equilibrium is different.In addition, same lithium ion battery group, different user's requests, also different to the requirement of balance policy.So the balance policy configurability among the present invention, the flexibility that has improved balancer greatly is fit to different application scenarios.Lithium ion battery balancer of the present invention has CAN interface, SPI interface, serial ports, I2C interface, and the user can select any one above interface and lithium ion battery balancer to communicate, the configuration balance policy.The balance policy that the user can dispose comprises: 1, the same time can be simultaneously can balanced monomer number NUM; 2, start the maximum Umax of balanced monomer voltage; 3, forbid balanced monomer voltage value Umin; The difference DELTA U of monomer voltage and monomer average voltage when 4, starting the equilibrium equilibrium.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the module of apparatus of the present invention connects block diagram;
Fig. 2 is a DC/DC conversion schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is host CPU and various communication interface.
Embodiment
Shown in Figure 1 is the module connection block diagram of apparatus of the present invention.The present invention includes host CPU processing module, DC/DC module, CAN communication module, I2C communication module, SPI communication module and serial communication modular.Each battery cell of battery pack all need connect a DC/DC module, and the input of all DC/DC modules is connected in parallel, and all receives the two ends of battery pack.The CAN controller that the host CPU module carries through CPU inside and the CAN transceiver of CAN communication module are connected, and the CAN communication module communicates through CAN bus and outside.I2C bus transceiver module that the CPU inside of host CPU module carries and spi bus transceiver module, the I2C communication module communicates through I2C bus and outside, and the SPI communication module communicates through spi bus and outside.The host CPU module is connected with the serial ports level translator of serial communication modular through the serial ports transceiver that CPU inside carries, and serial communication modular communicates through serial ports and outside.The input of DC/DC module connects the total voltage at the two ends of battery pack, and the output of DC/DC module connects by the two ends of balanced cell.The host CPU module is connected with the DC/DC module through control signal wire, and the host CPU module is through this control signal wire, and whether control DC/DC exports equalizing voltage.
As shown in Figure 3,4 pins of the PWM power-supply controller of electric spare U1 of the 49 pin CTRLs of host CPU module through CPU and DC/DC module are connected, and pass through the generation that 49 pin CTRL control PWM.29 pin TXCAN of host CPU are connected the CAN communication module with 30 pin RXCAN.25 pin SCL of host CPU are connected the I2C module with 26 pin SDA.17 pin SS of host CPU, 18 pin SCLK, 19 pin MOSI, 20 pin MISO connect the SPI module.
Apparatus of the present invention with outside connected mode are: the input DC300～DC400 of the DC/DC module in the lithium-ion battery monomer balancer connects the anode of lithium ion battery group, and negative terminal GND1 connects total negative terminal of lithium ion battery group.The output DC3.5-4V of DC/DC module connects by the anode of balancing battery monomer, and GND connects by the negative terminal of balancing battery monomer.The CAN communication module connects outside CAN bus, I2C communication module and connects outside I2C bus, SPI communication module and connect outside spi bus, serial communication modular and connect outside serial bus.
The workflow of apparatus of the present invention is following: the host CPU module receives the configuration information and the balance policy information of lithium ion single voltage measurement module, lithium ion battery management system or PC through CAN communication module, I2C communication module, SPI communication module, serial communication modular, and the monomer voltage signal that sends according to monomer voltage measurement module, lithium ion battery management system goes to control the DC/DC module, and whether needs carry out the monomer voltage equilibrium.When monomer voltage unbalanced phenomena occurred and reaches equilibrium condition, equalizing voltage of host CPU control DC/DC module output carried out the energy supplement equalizing charge for corresponding unbalanced monomer.
Shown in Figure 2 is DC/DC module principle figure.Input DC300～the 400V of DC/DC module connects the anode of lithium ion battery group, and the negative terminal GND1 of DC/DC module connects total negative terminal of lithium ion battery group.Negative terminal GND1 connects N-channel MOS pipe Q1 through resistance R 1, and Q1 connects an end on the former limit of transformer.4 pin of PWM power-supply controller of electric spare U1 connect 49 pin of host CPU, and host CPU is controlled the output of PWM through the 4 pin CTRL of control PWM power-supply controller of electric spare U1, thereby control the output of DC/DC.
The voltage of lithium ion battery group is through transformer T1; PWM power-supply controller of electric spare U1 and N-channel MOS pipe Q1 convert alternating current to; Alternating current is through the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 rectification, and charges to lithium-ion battery monomer through the DC power supply that converts direct current 3.5V～4V after the filter capacitor C1 filtering to; Current sensor U3 gathers output DC stream signal; And convert voltage signal to; 1 pin of current sensor U3 and 2 pin are connected in the voltage follower circuit of DC/DC module, and 3 pin of current sensor U3 and voltage that is directly proportional with electric current of 4 pin output are through the current feedback input of linear optical coupling U2 access PWM power-supply controller of electric spare U1; Duty ratio through PWM power-supply controller of electric spare U1 output PWM is regulated in negative feedback makes output current constant; Voltage sensor U6 gathers the output dc voltage signal; And convert voltage signal to; 3 pin of voltage sensor U6 and 4 pin are connected in parallel on the two ends of DC/DC module output voltage, and 1 pin of voltage sensor U6 and voltage signal that is directly proportional with voltage of 2 pin output are through the 2 pin voltage feedback input ends of linear optical coupling U5 access PWM power-supply controller of electric spare U1; Duty ratio through PWM power-supply controller of electric spare U1 output PWM is regulated in negative feedback makes output voltage constant; The output enable end of the 4 pin output control terminals control PWM power-supply controller of electric spare U1 of PWM power-supply controller of electric spare U1, the output that the output enable of the CPU control PWM power-supply controller of electric spare U1 in the host CPU module is brought in control DC/DC module.
Fig. 3 is host CPU and various communication interface figure.Host CPU adopts the 9S08DZ single-chip microcomputer of Freescale.The I2C communication interface adopts the SCL order wire of 25 pin of host CPU as I2C, and 26 pin of CPU are as the order wire of the SDA of I2C.The SPI communication interface adopts the SS order wire of 17 pin of CPU as SPI, and 18 pin of CPU are as the SCLK order wire of SPI, and 19 pin of CPU are as the MOSI order wire of SPI, and 20 pin of CPU are as the MISO order wire of SPI.The CAN controller that the CAN EBI uses CPU to carry, the CAN transceiver uses 82C250, and resistance R 7 is connected in parallel between output 6 pin CHNL and the 7 pin CHNH of 82C250 as terminal resistance.Serial interface uses 15 pin TXD1 and the 16 pin RXD1 of CPU, and the serial ports level transferring chip adopts MAX232, and 15 pin of CPU connect 11 pin of MAX232, and 16 pin of CPU connect 12 pin of MAX232.Described balancer receives monomer voltage measuring-signal and the balance policy and the configuration information of outside lithium ion battery measurement module or lithium ion battery management system through CAN interface, SPI interface, serial line interface and I2C interface.
Claims (2)
1. a lithium-ion battery monomer balancer is characterized in that described balancer comprises host CPU processing module, DC/DC module, CAN communication module, I2C communication module, SPI communication module and serial communication modular; The 4th pin (4) of the PWM power-supply controller of electric spare (U1) of the pin CTRL (49) of host CPU processing module through CPU and DC/DC module is connected, and the pin CTRL (49) that passes through CPU controls the generation of PWM; The pin TXCAN (29) of host CPU processing module is connected the CAN communication module with pin RXCAN (30); The pin SCL (25) of host CPU processing module is connected the I2C communication module with pin SDA (26); The pin SS (17) of host CPU processing module, pin SCLK (18), pin MOSI (19) and pin MISO (20) are connected the SPI communication module; Input DC300～the DC400 of the DC/DC module of described balancer connects the anode of lithium ion battery group, and the negative terminal GND1 of DC/DC module connects the negative terminal of lithium ion battery group; The output DC3.5-4V of DC/DC module connects by the anode of balanced lithium-ion battery monomer, and the GND of DC/DC module connects by the negative terminal of balanced lithium-ion battery monomer; The CAN communication module connects outside CAN bus, and the I2C communication module connects outside I2C bus, and the SPI communication module connects outside spi bus, and serial communication modular connects outside serial bus; Described balancer receives monomer voltage measuring-signal and the balance policy and the configuration information of outside lithium ion battery measurement module or lithium ion battery management system through CAN interface, SPI interface, serial line interface and I2C interface.
2. lithium-ion battery monomer balancer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the input voltage of described DC/DC module is the voltage of lithium ion battery group, and output is the direct voltage of 3.5V～4V; The voltage of lithium ion battery group is through transformer (T1), PWM power-supply controller of electric spare (U1) and N-channel MOS pipe (Q1); Convert alternating current to; Alternating current is through first diode (D1) and second diode (D2) rectification, and charges to lithium-ion battery monomer through the DC power supply that converts direct current 3.5V～4V after filter capacitor (C1) filtering to; Current sensor (U3) is gathered output DC stream signal; And convert voltage signal to; First pin (1) and second pin (2) of current sensor (U3) are connected in the voltage follower circuit of DC/DC module; The three-prong (3) of current sensor (U3) and voltage that is directly proportional with electric current of the 4th pin (4) output; Through the current feedback input of first linear optical coupling (U2) access PWM power-supply controller of electric spare (U1), the duty ratio through PWM power-supply controller of electric spare (U1) output PWM is regulated in negative feedback makes output current constant; Voltage sensor (U6) is gathered the output dc voltage signal; And convert voltage signal to; The three-prong (3) of voltage sensor (U6) and the 4th pin (4) are connected in parallel on the two ends of DC/DC module output voltage; First pin (1) of voltage sensor (U6) and voltage signal that is directly proportional with voltage of second pin (2) output; Insert the Voltage Feedback input of second pin (2) of PWM power-supply controller of electric spare (U1) through second linear optical coupling (U5), the duty ratio through PWM power-supply controller of electric spare (U1) output PWM is regulated in negative feedback makes output voltage constant; The output enable end of the 4th pin (4) the output control terminal control PWM power-supply controller of electric spare (U1) of PWM power-supply controller of electric spare (U1), the output enable of the CPU control PWM power-supply controller of electric spare (U1) in the host CPU module is brought in the output of control DC/DC module.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201010144573A CN101800341B (en) | 2010-04-09 | 2010-04-09 | Lithium-ion battery monomer balancer |
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| CN201010144573A CN101800341B (en) | 2010-04-09 | 2010-04-09 | Lithium-ion battery monomer balancer |
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| CN101800341B true CN101800341B (en) | 2012-10-03 |
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Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102013715A (en) * | 2010-11-26 | 2011-04-13 | 西安欧瑞特电气有限责任公司 | Battery monitoring and equalizing charging integrated controller |
| CN102623760A (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2012-08-01 | 上海樟村电子有限公司 | Battery management system |
| CN102590758B (en) * | 2012-02-20 | 2014-12-17 | 宁波拜特测控技术有限公司 | High-voltage battery pack test system |
| CN102891519A (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2013-01-23 | 上海同异动力科技有限公司 | Equalization circuit of battery pack |
| CN104113090B (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2017-04-05 | 深圳市瑞能实业股份有限公司 | A kind of battery energy monitoring system |
| CN203218939U (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-09-25 | 洛阳嘉盛电源科技有限公司 | Intelligent equalizing charger |
| CN104377766A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-02-25 | 柳州市金旭节能科技有限公司 | Battery equalizing device used for hybrid vehicle |
| CN104701559A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-06-10 | 安徽美能储能系统有限公司 | Management control system used for zinc bromine liquid flow energy storing |
| CN104753136A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-07-01 | 西安后羿半导体科技有限公司 | Equalizing charge device of large-capacity lithium battery |
| CN106329590A (en) * | 2015-06-28 | 2017-01-11 | 深圳市沃特玛电池有限公司 | Active equalization circuit system with high safety and reliability |
| CN106787036A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2017-05-31 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | One kind is used for underwater robot batteries equalizaing charge control system and method |
| CN105655655A (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2016-06-08 | 惠州市亿能电子有限公司 | Battery-pack consistency maintaining method |
| CN106410918A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-02-15 | 重庆雅讯电源技术有限公司 | Battery management device and system |
| CN106908729B (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2019-08-09 | 安徽优旦科技有限公司 | A kind of hand-hold type power battery PACK tester and its control method |
| CN108155707A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-06-12 | 深圳奥特迅电力设备股份有限公司 | A kind of DC bus powered system and its control method |
| CN110783969B (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2023-09-05 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Battery Management System and Battery System |
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