CN101799392B - Portable surface tension tester - Google Patents
Portable surface tension tester Download PDFInfo
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- CN101799392B CN101799392B CN2010101096234A CN201010109623A CN101799392B CN 101799392 B CN101799392 B CN 101799392B CN 2010101096234 A CN2010101096234 A CN 2010101096234A CN 201010109623 A CN201010109623 A CN 201010109623A CN 101799392 B CN101799392 B CN 101799392B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a portable surface tension tester, which consists of a cabin cover, a main body and a detachable base. During use, the main body is vertically inserted into the base and fixed by a fixing knob, a bracket is assembled with the main body together through a bracket connecting piece; and a capillary tube clamp capable of freely rotating is put into a bracket notch. One end of a capillary tube is fixed by the capillary tube clamp; and the other end of the capillary tube is inserted into a sample cup filled with samples on the base. A light-emitting diode in the base illuminates upwards from the bottom of the sample cup, so that the liquid levels in the sample cup and the capillary tube are bright and easy to identify. The sight line passes through the liquid levels and the image of the sight line in a stainless steel mirror and is intersected with the stainless steel mirror. A lower vernier and an upper vernier are moved to the intersection position under the control of a pull rod. Therefore, absolute heights of the liquid levels in the sample cup and the capillary tube can be measured, and the raising height of the meniscus in the capillary tube is obtained by subtracting the absolute height of the capillary tube from the absolute height of the sample cup. The portable surface tension tester can be widely applied to testing the surface tension of cleaners, detergents, degreasing agents, ink, electrolyte, and other substances.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the surveying instrument technical field, particularly relate to a kind of portable instrument that adopts capillary tube technique to measure surface tension of liquid, can be used for the surface tension of laboratory and the known liquid of on-site measurement environment temperature lower density.This instrument can be widely used in the mensuration of material surface tension force such as washing agent, scaling agent, degreasing agent, ink, electrolyte.
Background technology
At present, known liquid surface tension detection method can be divided into two classes: statics method and dynamic method.The statics method has capillary rise method, Du No ü y is around-France, Wilhelmy coils method, revolve the method for dripping, sessile drop method, drop-volume method, maximum bubble method; KINETIC METHOD has concussion fluid jet, capilary-tube wave method.In said method, the design that Du No ü y is around-France, Wilhelmy dish method has been widely used in the precision surface tension measuring device, still, because the application of sophisticated sensor and thermostat, this quasi-instrument mostly cost an arm and a leg and volume bigger, be not suitable for carrying out on-site measurement; Though the full-automatic surface tension apparatus that adopts maximum bubble method to manufacture and design can be with volume-diminished to portable degree, the use of sophisticated sensor and embedded system makes that equally instrument cost is higher.In addition, because above-mentioned apparatus structure complexity, to having relatively high expectations of environment for use, maintenance difficulty is also bigger.
By contrast, the required experimental provision of capillary rise method is relative with surveying instrument simple, needs the parameter measured less, and cost is lower.In " surface infiltration and infiltration phase transformation " that Huang Zuqia, Ding Ejiang write, describe the employing capillary rise method and measured capillary formula:
In the formula: γ is a surface tension, a is the capillary parameter, and g is for measuring the acceleration of gravity on ground, and Δ ρ is the density difference (being generally the density difference of fluid to be measured and air) of liquid and gas, r is an inner radial capillaceous, and h is the height of flat liquid level in the high liquid outlet groove of meniscus.Because r h, but then above-mentioned formula abbreviation is:
Thus, in fluid density and atmospheric density (can check in from handbook) and measure under the known situation of ground acceleration of gravity, the height that only need record flat liquid level in inner radial capillaceous (or diameter) and the high liquid outlet groove of meniscus can be tried to achieve surface tension.But, whether the mensuration of capillary inner diameter is accurately, whether kapillary keep fixedly the time vertically, the judgement mensuration difficult, the liquid level lifting height of meniscus lacks suitable factors such as contactless instrument and all can introduce bigger systematic error and gross error in the kapillary, and then influence the mensuration effect.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind of instrument of the mensuration surface tension of liquid based on capillary rise method.This instrument efficiently solves the mensuration of capillary inner diameter, fixing, the judgement of meniscus capillaceous and these 4 problems of mensuration of liquid level lifting height.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of portable surface tension tester is provided, comprise Cang Gai, main body and base, space between described Cang Gai and the main body is first depository dish, Cang Gai near on a side and the main body of vernier pull bar and following vernier pull bar hinged, be connected with main body by breech lock at opposite side, the fixed knob of lower body part is fixed in main body on the base after inserting the main body fixed orifice; Space between main body and the base is second depository dish; Leg, leveling serew, universal air level, tripod nut and light source are installed in the base, the tripod nut is used to install tripod, main body and base are combined by the carriage that both sides embed in the chute, carriage fits together by carriage web member and main body, put into the capillary pipe clamp that is assembled in the breach of carriage, an end capillaceous is decided by the kapillary clamping, and the other end inserts the sample cup that fills sample on the base, and the light emitting diode in the base is from the upwards irradiation of sample cup bottom.
Described first depository dish stores capillary cassette, accessory case and sample cup successively, 2 U-shaped tinsels depositing cross web member, four hole web members, balance adjustment button, silicone tube, turning axle in the accessory case and vary in size, and the bottom is provided with latch hook; Second depository dish is equipped with stainless steel mirror, left scale, right scale, last vernier, following vernier, goes up vernier pull bar, following vernier pull bar and carriage web member, stainless steel mirror, left scale, right scale all are fixed on the main body from the back side with dormant bolt, the bolt hole of fixing left scale and right scale is a waist shape, be embedded in the following vernier that the vernier pull bar connects under being between left scale and the stainless steel mirror, be embedded between right scale and the stainless steel mirror is to go up the last vernier that the vernier pull bar connects, the carriage web member adopts dormant bolt to be fixed on the main body left and right sides, is used to connect carriage.
Described blood capillary pipe clamp is by the balance adjustment button, turning axle, the cross web member, four hole web members, the U-shaped tinsel, silicone tube is assembled into the capillary pipe clamp, the cross web member is used to connect U-shaped arc tips wiry and turning axle, four hole web members are used to connect U-shaped openend wiry and turning axle, the balance adjustment button is installed in the rotation the tip of the axis, be used to regulate the kapillary that is held to vertical position, the end car that turning axle is used to connect cross web member and four hole web members has the external thread of long 8mm, the other end is connected with the balance adjustment button, 2 sections silicone tubes are inserted in two wiry of U-shaped respectively, by diameter is that the U-shaped tinsel that the stainless steel wire of 0.5mm is made is divided into greatly, little two kinds of models, respectively with cross web member and four hole web members in length, short groove and far away, nearly hole is corresponding to satisfy clamping various outer diameter needs capillaceous, carriage is a C shape aluminium alloy chute, has the breach that is used to place turning axle on it.
On two angles of described base the web member hole is arranged, it is the rectangular opening that runs through base, light source switch on the base is used to control patch light-emitting diode under the illuminating window, locating ring is used for the auxiliary positioning of sample cup, illuminating window is positioned at the home position of locating ring, and the below of base is 2 main body fixed orifices, and it is the mounting hole that runs through base, the universal air level that embeds the base central lower is used for the instrument leveling, and the knob holder of base lower end plays position-limiting action to fixed knob when main body and base combination.
Beneficial effect
The present invention can measure capillary rise method the required whole measurement functions of surface tension and be incorporated in the box body of a 120mm * 92mm * 32mm, and have horizontal adjustment, kapillary fixing with functions such as measurement, meniscus auxiliary judgment, accommodating parts.In a whole set of instrument, do not use any sensor and embedded system; Consumable accessory such as kapillary, silicone tube is cheap, and therefore production and use cost are lower.This instrument can be widely used in the mensuration of material surface tension force such as washing agent, scaling agent, degreasing agent, ink, electrolyte.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1-Fig. 5 is the outside drawing of portable surface tension tester.
Fig. 1 is a front view.
Fig. 2 is a right view.
Fig. 3 is a rear view.
Fig. 4 is a vertical view.
Fig. 5 is a upward view.
Fig. 6-Figure 21 is the structural map of each ingredient.
Fig. 6 is the main body rear view.
Fig. 7 is the main body front view.
Fig. 8 is storehouse lid rear view.
Fig. 9 is the A-A cut-open view.
Figure 10 is an accessory case.
Figure 11 is the base front view.
Figure 12 is the base rear view.
Figure 13 is the B-B cut-open view.
Figure 14 is cover plate and battery compartment lid.
Figure 15 is the cross web member.
Figure 16 is four hole web members.
Figure 17 is the balance adjustment button.
Figure 18 is a turning axle.
Figure 19 is a silicone tube.
Figure 20 is a U type tinsel, and a is small size U-shaped tinsel, and b is a large size U-shaped tinsel.
Figure 21 is a carriage.
Figure 22 is a capillary pipe clamp assembly drawing.
Figure 23, Figure 24 are the wiring layout of portable surface tension tester.
Figure 23 is wiring layout (front elevation).
Figure 24 is wiring layout (left view).
Figure 25 is measuring principle figure.
Among the figure: 1. Cang Gai, 2. main body, 3. base, 4. carriage, 5. chute, 6. fixed knob 7. plays the vernier pull bar, 8. goes up the vernier pull bar, 9. breech lock, 10. universal air level, 11. leveling serews, 12. main body fixed orifices, 13. the tripod nut, 14. cover plates, 15. battery compartments lid, 16. web member holes, 17. the carriage web member, 18. legs, 19. knob holders, 20. stainless steel mirrors, 21. left scale, 22. right scales, 23. times verniers, vernier on 24., 25. sample cup, 26. capillary cassettes, 27. cross web members, 28. four hole web members, 29. balance adjustment buttons, 30. silicone tubes, 31. turning axle, 32.U shape tinsel, 33. workbins, 34. latch hook, 35. light source switchs, 36. illuminating windows, 37. centring ring, 38. first circuit boards, 39. second circuit boards, 40.2032 battery tray, 41. patch light-emitting diode, 42.LIR2032 chargeable battery.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used to the present invention is described and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims institute restricted portion equally.
In Fig. 1-Fig. 5, storehouse lid 1, main body 2 and base 3 are combined into portable surface tension tester.Wherein the space between storehouse lid 1 and the main body 2 is used to deposit parts such as sample cup 25, storehouse lid 1 near on a side and the main body 2 of vernier pull bar 8 and play vernier pull bar 7 hinged, pass through breech lock 9 at opposite side and be connected with main body 2.The fixed knob 6 of main body 2 bottoms inserts main body fixed orifice 12 back half-twists, is used for main body 2 is fixed on the base 3.Space between main body 2 and the base 3 is used to install parts such as stainless steel mirror 20.Base 3 is used for horizontal adjustment and provides vertically upward light source for the judgement of kapillary meniscus.Main body 2 is combined by the carriage 4 that both sides embed in the chute 5 with base 3.Leg 18 on the base 3 is outwards routed up and 2 leveling serews, 11 common levels of regulating base in use, and the judgement of level realizes by universal air level 10.Base 3 is provided with tripod nut 13 and is used to install tripod.
Among Fig. 6, stainless steel mirror 20, left scale 21, right scale 22 all are fixed on the main body 2 from the back side with dormant bolt, and fixing left scale 21 is a waist shape with the bolt hole of right scale 22, so that zero graduation is alignd when installing.Be embedded in the following vernier 23 that vernier pull bar 7 connects under being between left scale 21 and the stainless steel mirror 20, be used for determining the position of sample cup 25 liquid levels.Being embedded between right scale 22 and the stainless steel mirror 20 is to go up the last vernier 24 that vernier pull bar 8 connects, and is used for the position of definite kapillary meniscus.Carriage web member 17 adopts dormant bolt to be fixed on the main body left and right sides, is used to connect carriage 4.
Among Fig. 7, main body 2 is used to deposit capillary cassette 26, accessory case 33 and sample cup 25 near the depository dish of storehouse lid 1.2 U-shaped tinsels 32 depositing cross web member 27, four hole web members 28, balance adjustment button 29, silicone tube 30, turning axle 31 in the accessory case 33 and vary in size.The depository dish bottom is provided with latch hook 34.
Among Fig. 8, the breech lock 9 that can stir is installed on the inside of storehouse lid 1.
Among Figure 11, web member hole 16 is for running through the rectangular opening of base 3, and light source switch 35 is used to control 36 times patch light-emitting diode 41 of illuminating window, and locating ring 37 is used for the auxiliary positioning of sample cup 25, and illuminating window 36 is positioned at the home position of locating ring 37.Main body fixed orifice 12 is for running through the mounting hole of base 3.The universal air level 10 that embeds base 3 is used for the instrument leveling.Knob holder 19 main body 2 during with base 3 combinations to 6 position-limiting actions of fixed knob.
Among Figure 12, leg 18 is for being equipped with the rectangular plastic parts of cup head bolt, is used for base for supporting 3 after can outwards rotating 120 °.When instrument used, the leveling serew 11 of the left and right sides was used for the horizontal adjustment of base.Tripod nut 13 can carry out horizontal adjustment by The Cloud Terrace after making up with tripod.Fixed knob 6 inserts main body fixed orifice 12 back half-twists can prevent that main body in use is pulled out.First circuit board 38 and second circuit board 39 are respectively applied for the patch light-emitting diode 41 of fixed light source switch 35 and 2032 battery trays 40 and 3 parallel connections.In 2032 battery trays 40 LIR2032 chargeable battery 42 is housed.
Among Figure 14, cover plate 14 is fixed on the base 3 by 6 self-tapping screws, and battery compartment lid 15 is set on the cover plate 14.
Among Figure 15, cross web member 27 is used to connect the arc tips and the turning axle 31 of U-shaped tinsel 32.
Among Figure 16, four hole web members 28 are used to connect the openend and the turning axle 31 of U-shaped tinsel 32.
Among Figure 17, balance adjustment button 29 is installed in the end of turning axle 31, is used to regulate the kapillary that is held to vertical position.
Among Figure 18, one section car that turning axle 31 is used to connect cross web member 27 and four hole web members 28 has the external thread of long 8mm, and the other end inserts balance adjustment button 29.
Among Figure 19,2 sections silicone tubes 30 are inserted in two of U-shaped tinsel 32 respectively, are used for the clamping kapillary.
Among Figure 20, by diameter is that the U-shaped tinsel 32 that the stainless steel wire of 0.5mm is made is divided into large and small two kinds of models, corresponding to satisfy clamping various outer diameter needs capillaceous with long and short groove and far away, nearly hole in cross web member 27 and the four hole web members 28 respectively.
Among Figure 21, carriage 4 is a C shape aluminium alloy chute, has 2 breach that are used to place turning axle 31 on it.
Among Figure 22, balance adjustment button 29, turning axle 31, cross web member 27, U-shaped tinsel 32, four hole web members 28, turning axle 31, balance adjustment button 29 are in turn connected into and are the capillary pipe clamp.
Among Figure 23 and among Figure 24, Figure 24 has revised Cang Gai and the hinged synoptic diagram of main body.After the instrument assembling is finished, regulate leveling serew 11 earlier and made the bubble in the universal air level 10 move to the center, then kapillary is inserted through the angle of regulating between the both sides balance adjustment button 29 and can makes kapillary parallel with vertical direction.When adopting reading microscope to measure capillary inner diameter, the capillary pipe clamp is placed near (position C) in the breach of main body 2, and transfers to consistently with main body 2 tops on the position with the kapillary top, and recording capillary inner diameter is d, then kapillary inner radial r=0.5d; When measuring in the kapillary meniscus lifting height, clamping capillary pipe clamp capillaceous is placed on the carriage 4 in the breach away from main body 2 (position D).
Among Figure 25, open the light source switch 35 on the base 3, the light that is sent by patch light-emitting diode 41 makes after the liquid-gas interface reflection that liquid level is bright in sample cup 25 and the kapillary easily distinguishes.Operator's sight line through liquid levels and liquid level in the sample cup 25 in stainless steel mirror 20 picture and meet at position E with stainless steel mirror 20, pulling vernier pull bar 7 down makes play vernier 23 graticules aim at this position, writes down height H
DownOperator's sight line through meniscus in the kapillary and meniscus in stainless steel mirror 20 picture and meet at position F with stainless steel mirror 20, vernier pull bar 8 makes vernier 24 graticules aim at this position in the pulling, writes down height H
OnH
On-H
DownBe the height h that meniscus rises.
Claims (3)
1. portable surface tension tester, comprise Cang Gai (1), main body (2) and base (3), it is characterized in that: the space between described Cang Gai (1) and the main body (2) is first depository dish, Cang Gai (1) near on a side and the main body (2) of vernier pull bar (8) and following vernier pull bar (7) hinged, be connected with main body (2) by breech lock (9) at opposite side, the fixed knob (6) of main body (2) bottom is fixed in main body (2) on the base (3) after inserting main body fixed orifice (12); Space between main body (2) and the base (3) is second depository dish; Leg (18) is installed in the base (3), leveling serew (11), universal air level (10), tripod nut (13) and light emitting diode (41), tripod nut (13) is used to install tripod, main body (2) is combined by the carriage (4) that both sides embed in the chute (5) with base (3), carriage (4) fits together by carriage web member (17) and main body (2), put into the capillary pipe clamp that is assembled in the breach of carriage (4), an end capillaceous is decided by the kapillary clamping, the other end inserts the sample cup (25) that fills sample on the base (3), and the light emitting diode (41) in the base (3) is from the upwards irradiation of sample cup bottom; Described first depository dish stores capillary cassette (26), accessory case (33) and sample cup (25) successively, 2 U-shaped tinsels (32) of depositing cross web member (27), four hole web members (28), balance adjustment button (29), silicone tube (30), turning axle (31) in the accessory case (33) and varying in size, the bottom is provided with latch hook (34); Second depository dish is equipped with stainless steel mirror (20), left side scale (21), right scale (22), last vernier (24), following vernier (23), last vernier pull bar (8), following vernier pull bar (7) and carriage web member (17), stainless steel mirror (20), left side scale (21), right scale (22) all is fixed on the main body (2) from the back side with dormant bolt, fixing left scale (21) is a waist shape with the bolt hole of right scale (22), so that when installing zero graduation is alignd, be embedded in the following vernier (23) that vernier pull bar (7) connects under being between left scale (21) and the stainless steel mirror (20), be used for determining the position of sample cup (25) liquid level, being embedded between right scale (22) and the stainless steel mirror (20) is to go up the last vernier (24) that vernier pull bar (8) connects, and is used for the position of definite kapillary meniscus; Carriage web member (17) adopts dormant bolt to be fixed on the main body left and right sides, is used to connect carriage (4).
2. a kind of portable surface tension tester according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described blood capillary pipe clamp is by balance adjustment button (29), turning axle (31), cross web member (27), four hole web members (28), U-shaped tinsel (32), silicone tube (30) is assembled into the capillary pipe clamp, cross web member (27) is used to connect the arc tips and the turning axle (31) of U-shaped tinsel (32), four hole web members (28) are used to connect the openend and the turning axle (31) of U-shaped tinsel (32), balance adjustment button (29) is installed in the end of turning axle (31), be used to regulate the kapillary that is held to vertical position, the end car that turning axle (31) is used to connect cross web member (27) and four hole web members (28) has the external thread of long 8mm, the other end is connected with balance adjustment button (29), 2 sections silicone tubes (30) are inserted in two of U-shaped tinsel (32) respectively, by diameter is that the U-shaped tinsel (32) that the stainless steel wire of 0.5mm is made is divided into greatly, little two kinds of models, respectively with cross web member (27) and four hole web members (28) in length, short groove and far away, nearly hole is corresponding to satisfy clamping various outer diameter needs capillaceous, carriage (4) is a C shape aluminium alloy chute, has 2 breach that are used to place turning axle (31) on it.
3. a kind of portable surface tension tester according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: on two angles of described base (3) web member hole (16) is arranged, it is for running through the rectangular opening of base (3), light source switch (35) on the base (3) is used to control described light emitting diode (41), locating ring (37) is used for the auxiliary positioning of sample cup (25), illuminating window (36) is positioned at the home position of locating ring (37), the below of base (3) is 2 main body fixed orifices (12), it is for running through the mounting hole of base (3), the universal air level (10) that embeds base (3) central lower is used for the instrument leveling, and the knob holder (19) of base (3) lower end plays position-limiting action to fixed knob (6) when main body (2) makes up with base (3).
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CN2010101096234A CN101799392B (en) | 2010-02-11 | 2010-02-11 | Portable surface tension tester |
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CN2010101096234A CN101799392B (en) | 2010-02-11 | 2010-02-11 | Portable surface tension tester |
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CN101799392B true CN101799392B (en) | 2011-11-16 |
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CN104596893A (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2015-05-06 | 四川大学 | Method for measuring surface tension coefficient |
CN104749071B (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2018-04-06 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | The evaluating apparatus and method of imbibition agent performance |
CN105136617B (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2018-07-03 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | A kind of interfacial tension measuring system |
CN105476688B (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2018-03-27 | 南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院 | The simple measuring device of grip force at blood vessel clip difference mouth opening |
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DE19819555B4 (en) * | 1998-04-30 | 2010-10-28 | Lauda Dr. R. Wobser Gmbh & Co. Kg | bubble pressure |
US6798520B2 (en) * | 2002-03-22 | 2004-09-28 | Diversa Corporation | Method for intensifying the optical detection of samples that are held in solution in the through-hole wells of a holding tray |
CN2938074Y (en) * | 2006-08-18 | 2007-08-22 | 伊鑫 | Liquid surface tension coefficient measuring instrument |
CN100538321C (en) * | 2006-12-30 | 2009-09-09 | 清华大学 | A kind of micro flow control chip device that is used for liquid surface tension detection |
US7600416B2 (en) * | 2008-02-14 | 2009-10-13 | Meng-Yu Lin | Apparatus for measuring surface tension |
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