CN101792874B - Easy-cutting antimony-zinc alloy and preparation method of bar thereof - Google Patents
Easy-cutting antimony-zinc alloy and preparation method of bar thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101792874B CN101792874B CN 201010157397 CN201010157397A CN101792874B CN 101792874 B CN101792874 B CN 101792874B CN 201010157397 CN201010157397 CN 201010157397 CN 201010157397 A CN201010157397 A CN 201010157397A CN 101792874 B CN101792874 B CN 101792874B
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- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- CZJCMXPZSYNVLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Sb] CZJCMXPZSYNVLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011437 continuous method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 17
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910001340 Leaded brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910017115 AlSb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910001300 Mazak (alloy) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- HXFVOUUOTHJFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;zinc Chemical compound [AlH3].[Zn] HXFVOUUOTHJFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018137 Al-Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018521 Al—Sb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018573 Al—Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000737 Duralumin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OUAOHUPLLVZRKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Sb].[Zn].[Cu] Chemical compound [Sb].[Zn].[Cu] OUAOHUPLLVZRKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- FAWGZAFXDJGWBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony(3+) Chemical compound [Sb+3] FAWGZAFXDJGWBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002389 environmental scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- GZCWPZJOEIAXRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Sn] GZCWPZJOEIAXRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 tin-zinc-aluminium Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to easy-cutting antimony-zinc alloy and a preparation method of a bar thereof. The easy-cutting antimony-zinc alloy is characterized by comprising the following components by weight percent: 0.5-15% of aluminum, 0.5-8% of antimony, the balance of zinc and unavoidable impurities. The bar can be prepared into an alloy casting blank by die casting, semi-continuous casting or full-continuous methods, and then the alloy casting blank is heat processed into a blank material at a constant temperature of 150-380 DEG C, and finally, the obtained blank material is drawn by cold processing or straight-line-stretched to obtain the easy-cutting antimony-zinc alloy bar. The cutting performance and efficiency of the antimony-zinc alloy bar are obviously higher than die casting zinc alloy and close to a lead brass bar, the antimony-zinc alloy bar has the characteristics of no lead and cadmium, good environment-friendly properties, no magnetism, no sparking discharge and the like, easy processing, easy electroplating, and moderate mechanical properties, can be used as a substitute for a lead brass alloy bar, can be used as a basic raw material processed by meter lathes, automatic lathes and numerical control lathes and as a substitute for the easy-cutting copper alloy bar and die-casting zinc alloy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of a kind of antimony-zinc alloy and bar thereof.
Background technology
The non-ferrous metal bar is the basic raw material of various metallic elements.Through means such as instrument lathe, self-acting lathe, digital controlled lathes the non-ferrous metal bar is carried out cut, can obtain the various size of people's needs and the component of shape.The quality of alloy cutting ability is to the speed of cut, and surface smoothness, tolerance of dimension etc. has important effect.
Iron alloy, copper alloy, duraluminum etc. all have the free cutting alloy bar being widely used in the different techniques field.Because zinc alloy has good environmental protection, pollution-free, fusing point is low, good processability, and cost is lower, save energy, good characteristic such as can not generate electromagnetic waves can be widely used in the manufacturing component in some fields.
Because the fusing point of zinc alloy is low, good fluidity, the product of most zinc alloy adopts extrusion process, by the direct machine-shaping of liquid state, makes the different shape complex devices.The main prescription of MAZAK is elementary composition by zinc-copper-three kinds in aluminium at present, though good formability is arranged, the problem that ubiquity plasticity is relatively poor, cutting ability is bad has limited the use in the High Speed Machining field.Zinc alloy also can adopt direct casting in addition, the method manufacturing of hot extrusion and hot stamping.Patent 96118021.8 has been invented a kind of hot dip zinc base alloy and method of manufacture thereof, it is characterized in that by Zn, and Al, three kinds of Sb are elementary composition.Be mainly used in surface heat immersion plating and protection.Patent 97100011.5 has been described a kind of rare-earth-Al-Zn alloy, and staple is Zn, and Al and rare earth are used for electroplating industry.Patent 200310089187.3 is a kind of tin-zinc-aluminium alloy wires, is on the alloy of tin zinc, to add aluminium to improve the performance of spray material.Patent 03821428.8 relates to the equilibrator of a kind of pure zinc or aluminium zinc, mainly protects the protection of making method and aluminium zinc prescription.Above patent does not all relate to the machinability of zinc alloy and bar thereof.Have only patent ZL200710035063.0 to relate to a kind of high-strength simple-cutting zine-base alloy and preparation technology thereof, the main alloy element of protection is a copper: 2.5-2.65%, magnesium: 0.45-0.60%; Aluminium: 0.20-0.35%; Lanthanum: 0.01-0.06%, cerium: 0.15-0.20% does not comprise antimony element.Patent ZL200710066979.2 relates to a kind of high-density zinc-base alloy counterbalance material, and main alloy formula is made up of zinc-copper antimony.The present invention lays particular emphasis on and improves Cutting Property of Zinc Alloy and the new alloy formula of hot workability design, is different from traditional MAZAK material.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is that the present situation that is directed against prior art provides a kind of free machining antimony-zinc alloy.
Another technical problem to be solved by this invention is the preparation method that a kind of easy-cutting antimony-zinc alloy bar is provided to the present situation of prior art.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted: this easy-cutting antimony-zinc alloy, it is characterized in that the aluminium of consisting of of this alloy: 0.5-15wt%, and the antimony of 4-8wt%, surplus is zinc and unavoidable impurities.
In the such scheme, the preferred 2-12wt% of the content of said aluminium.
A kind of preparation method of easy-cutting antimony-zinc alloy bar; It is characterized in that the aluminium of 0.5-15wt%, the antimony of 0.5-8wt% and zinc and other unavoidable impurities of surplus are processed the alloy strand through the method for diecasting or D.C.casting; Smelting temperature is 400 ℃-500 ℃; Then this alloy strand is hot extruded into blank in 150-380 ℃, the blank that obtains is stretched through cold working drawing or straight line obtains the easy-cutting antimony-zinc alloy bar at last.
Compared with prior art, antimony-zinc alloy provided by the present invention is through intermetallic compound AlSb separating out in the aluminium zinc matrix; When making cut both at cutter and storeroom lubricate; Can form " void effect " as stress raiser again, make smear metal frangible, thereby improve machinability; Improve the stock-removing efficiency and the cutting precision of this alloy greatly, had good formability and workability.
The melting of this easy-cutting antimony-zinc alloy can be adopted traditional methods such as induction heating, processes blank with the method for die, D.C.casting or sequence casting; Adopt the method for hot extrusion to process required bar, wire rod or section bar blank then; Wherein the temperature of hot extrusion is at 150-380 ℃; Use cold worked method to process the rod product of all size at last, the shape and size of rod product can be as required by follow-up machining decision.
The easy cutting zinc alloy bar that uses alloy formula of the present invention and method to make, its cutting ability and efficient can be approaching with the leaded brass bar apparently higher than MAZAK, can be used as the substitute of some lead brass alloy bars.
Free-cutting deformation zinc alloy material provided by the invention has characteristics such as unleaded, no cadmium, good, the no magnetic of environmental protection characteristic, sparkless discharge; Excellent cutting performance; Be easy to processing; Electroplate easily, mechanical property is moderate, can be used as the basic raw material of instrument lathe, self-acting lathe and lathe in machining and the substitute products of various free-cutting copper alloy rod and MAZAK.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the 500 times metallographs of mother alloy blank when 300 ℃ of hot extrusion states in the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the stereoscan photograph of mother alloy blank when 300 ℃ of hot extrusion states in the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 3 is the ability spectrogram of mother alloy blank when 300 ℃ of hot extrusion states in the embodiment of the invention 1.
Embodiment
Embodiment describes in further detail the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The preparation method of embodiment of the invention interalloy, if no special instructions, i.e. preparation as follows:
Alloying constituent is processed the alloy strand through the method for diecasting, D.C.casting or sequence casting; Smelting temperature is 400 ℃-500 ℃; Then this alloy strand is hot extruded into blank in 150-380 ℃, the blank that obtains is stretched through cold working drawing or straight line obtains the easy-cutting antimony-zinc alloy bar at last.
The zinc of 87.00wt%, the aluminium of 10.00wt%, the antimony of 3.00wt% are mixed, and the method for employing D.C.casting is processed the mother alloy blank of 170 millimeters of diameters.Under 300 ℃ temperature, be hot extruded into pieces of bar stock then, process the bar of required diameter again with the method for associating drawing.Through measuring, the tensile strength of this bar is 320MPa, and unit elongation is 12%, and hardness is HB=85.With the cam-type self-acting lathe part is processed in this bar boring, smear metal is frangible, and efficient can reach 90% of C3604 lead and yellow-collation copper rod; Simultaneously the surface of part can be carried out nickel plating, chromium plating, surface treatment such as zinc-plated as required.
Fig. 1 is the 500 times metallographs of mother alloy blank when 300 ℃ of hot extrusion states.Black tissue among Fig. 1 is intermetallic compound phase AlSb.AlSb has the distribution of sizes of irregular shape and micron dimension, can cause alloy inside to have local stress concentration, and the fracture origin during as cutting makes the bar that makes cut more easily.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are respectively the ESEM of mother alloy blank when 300 ℃ of hot extrusion states and ability spectrogram.Table 1 is seen in the energy spectrum analysis of precipitated phase.Can find out that the atom of Al and Sb is about 1: 1, consistent with the AlSb in the Al-Sb metallograph.
Table 1
| Element | Wt％ | At％ |
| AlK | 17.79 | 48.38 |
| SbL | 78.24 | 47.16 |
| ZnK | 03.97 | 47.16 |
| Matrix | Proofread and correct | ZAF |
Embodiment 2
The zinc of 83.00wt%, the aluminium of 15.00wt% and the antimony of 2.00wt% are mixed, adopt the method molten alloy of induction heating, process the alloy strand with the method for diecasting.Then strand is squeezed into pieces of bar stock under 200 ℃ temperature, processes the zinc alloy bar with the track type broaching machine.Tensile strength through measuring this bar is 380Mpa, and unit elongation is 15%.Behind the polishing aligning, on numerically-controlled machine, process electronic product, its working (machining) efficiency can reach 85% of C3604 leaded brass bar.Piece surface can carry out nickel plating, chromium plating, surface treatment such as zinc-plated.
Embodiment 3
The zinc of 91.00wt%, the aluminium of 1.00wt%, the antimony of 8.00wt% are mixed; Adopt the method melting of induction heating; Method with steel die cast obtains the mother alloy strand; Under 180 ℃ condition, be squeezed into the blank of alloy bar material,, obtain finished product after the tube reducing of process associating drawing, aligning, the polishing again through size before multidie machine to the finished product.This finished product is with the processing of cam type self-acting lathe, and working (machining) efficiency can reach 90% of same specification C3604 leaded brass.
Embodiment 4
The zinc of 84.50wt%, the aluminium of 15.00wt%, the antimony of 0.50wt% are mixed, use the metallurgical method of full continuous casting to process mother alloy strand blank, through 240 ℃ the alloy bar material that is crushed to.The tensile strength of bar is 430MPa, and unit elongation is 15%.Use the meter specially machined into after the blanking, process finished part, production efficiency can reach 75% of C3604 leaded brass bar.Piece surface can carry out nickel plating, chromium plating, surface treatment such as zinc-plated.
Embodiment 5
The aluminium of 0.50wt%, the antimony of 6.0wt% and the zinc of surplus are mixed, use the metallurgical method of diecasting to process mother alloy strand blank, through 230 ℃ the alloy bar material that is crushed to.The tensile strength of bar is 340MPa, and unit elongation is 10%.Use the meter specially machined into after the blanking, process finished part, production efficiency can reach 85% of C3604 leaded brass bar.Piece surface can carry out nickel plating, chromium plating, surface treatment such as zinc-plated.
Embodiment 6
The aluminium of 12.0wt%, the antimony of 4.0wt% and the zinc of surplus are mixed, use the metallurgical method of full continuous casting to process mother alloy strand blank, through 280 ℃ the alloy bar material that is crushed to.The tensile strength of bar is 440MPa, and unit elongation is 15%.Use the meter specially machined into after the blanking, process finished part, production efficiency can reach 70% of C3604 leaded brass bar.Piece surface can carry out nickel plating, chromium plating, surface treatment such as zinc-plated.
Embodiment 7
The aluminium of 2.0wt%, the antimony of 4.0wt% and the zinc of surplus are mixed, use the metallurgical method of semicontinuous casting to process mother alloy strand blank, through 240 ℃ the alloy bar material that is crushed to.The tensile strength of bar is 390MPa, and unit elongation is 11%.Use the meter specially machined into after the blanking, process finished part, production efficiency can reach 80% of C3604 leaded brass bar.Piece surface can carry out nickel plating, chromium plating, surface treatment such as zinc-plated.
Embodiment 8
The aluminium of 8.0wt%, the antimony of 3.0wt% and the zinc of surplus are mixed, use the metallurgical method of full continuous casting to process mother alloy strand blank, through 270 ℃ the alloy bar material that is crushed to.The tensile strength of bar is 430MPa, and unit elongation is 20%.Use the meter specially machined into after the blanking, process finished part, production efficiency can reach 70% of C3604 leaded brass bar.Piece surface can carry out nickel plating, chromium plating, surface treatment such as zinc-plated.
Embodiment 9
The aluminium of 5.0wt%, the antimony of 3.0wt% and the zinc of surplus are mixed, use the metallurgical method of full continuous casting to process mother alloy strand blank, through 240 ℃ the alloy bar material that is crushed to.The tensile strength of bar is 420MPa, and unit elongation is 15%.Use the meter specially machined into after the blanking, process finished part, production efficiency can reach 75% of C3604 leaded brass bar.Piece surface can carry out nickel plating, chromium plating, surface treatment such as zinc-plated.
The part that does not relate in the foregoing description is identical with prior art.
Claims (3)
1. easy-cutting antimony-zinc alloy is characterized in that the aluminium of consisting of of this alloy: 8-15wt%, the antimony of 6-8wt%, and surplus is zinc and unavoidable impurities.
2. easy-cutting antimony-zinc alloy according to claim 1 is characterized in that described aluminium is 8-12wt%.
3. the method for an easy-cutting antimony-zinc alloy bar; It is characterized in that the aluminium of 8-15wt%, the antimony of 6-8wt% and zinc and other unavoidable impurities of surplus are processed the alloy strand through the method for diecasting or D.C.casting; Smelting temperature is 400 ℃-500 ℃; Then this alloy strand is hot extruded into blank in 150-380 ℃, the blank that obtains is stretched through cold working drawing or straight line obtains the easy-cutting antimony-zinc alloy bar at last.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR321677A (en) * | 1902-06-02 | 1903-01-16 | Neild Elizabeth Emmeline | Welding improvements specially applied to aluminum |
| CN101008058A (en) * | 2007-01-26 | 2007-08-01 | 宁波博威集团股份有限公司 | High density zinc base alloy balance block and methods for manufacturing same |
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| FR754945A (en) * | 1933-04-28 | 1933-11-16 | Cie Francaise Des Conduites D | New alloy and its applications |
| US4056366A (en) * | 1975-12-24 | 1977-11-01 | Inland Steel Company | Zinc-aluminum alloy coating and method of hot-dip coating |
| CN1155589A (en) * | 1996-01-25 | 1997-07-30 | 株洲冶炼厂 | Zinc based alloy and its manufacture |
| CN100491560C (en) * | 2007-07-23 | 2009-05-27 | 株洲冶炼集团股份有限公司 | Hot-dip galvanized aluminum-lead-antimony alloy for galvanizing narrow strip steel and its method and ingot shape |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR321677A (en) * | 1902-06-02 | 1903-01-16 | Neild Elizabeth Emmeline | Welding improvements specially applied to aluminum |
| CN101008058A (en) * | 2007-01-26 | 2007-08-01 | 宁波博威集团股份有限公司 | High density zinc base alloy balance block and methods for manufacturing same |
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