CN101788161A - Building heat supplying and heating system based on solar air heat collector - Google Patents

Abstract

A building heating and heating system based on a solar air heat collector in the field of solar energy application technology, including: a solar heat collection system, a heat energy transmission mechanism, a heat storage system and an automatic control system, wherein: the solar heat collection system is connected with the heat energy transmission mechanism respectively The heat energy transmission mechanism is connected with the heat storage system to transmit heat energy, and the automatic control system is respectively connected with the heat collection system, heat energy transmission system and heat storage system to output control instructions. The invention effectively solves the existing problems of the original system, and at the same time reduces the system investment and operation cost of solar heating.

Description

Building heating system based on solar air collector

technical field

The invention relates to a device in the technical field of solar energy, in particular to a building heating system based on a solar air heat collector.

Background technique

With the tremendous development of my country's economy in recent years, the problem of energy consumption has become more and more prominent. At present, the total energy consumption of buildings in my country accounts for about 20% of the final energy consumption of the society, and the heating energy consumption of buildings in northern cities and towns accounts for 36% of the total energy consumption of buildings in the country, which is the largest component of building energy consumption. In order to solve the large amount of energy needed for building heating, the policy of increasing revenue and reducing expenditure can be adopted. On the one hand, some problems in my country's building heating, such as poor insulation of building envelopes and low efficiency of heating systems, should be improved accordingly; On the other hand, we must look for renewable energy that can replace the current conventional energy. Solar energy, as a clean and non-polluting energy, has attracted widespread attention.

The solar heating heating system converts solar energy into heat energy, which is used to provide heating for buildings in winter and other heat-consuming systems throughout the year. In my country, the current solar heating is still in its infancy. Although there are some demonstration projects, the overall technical level is not high, and there is still a big gap compared with developed countries. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, my country's solar heating technology will develop rapidly.

After searching the prior art, it was found that Chinese Patent Publication No. CN2744991A has recorded a "solar heating system", which includes solar heat collecting tubes, water tanks, inlet and outlet holes and breathing holes on the water tank, and the inlet and outlet holes are connected pipeline, the system uses water circulation to collect heat. However, the use of water circulation has many disadvantages, such as the problem that the water needs to be emptied in winter, and the system will be paralyzed if you don’t pay attention to it; the water system also needs to consider the corrosion of pipes and other components; when using hot water for heating, indoor A suitable heat exchange equipment, such as a radiator or buried coil, must be installed, which will significantly increase the cost of the system. And all these disadvantages can be avoided by using air circulation heat collection.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims at the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, and provides a building heating and heating system based on a solar air heat collector, which effectively solves the existing problems of the original system and reduces system investment and operating costs of solar heating.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions. The present invention includes: a solar heat collection system, a heat energy transmission mechanism, a heat storage system and an automatic control system, wherein: the solar heat collection system is connected with the heat energy transmission mechanism to transmit heated air, heat energy The transmission mechanism is connected with the heat storage system to transmit heat energy, and the automatic control system is respectively connected with the heat collection system, the heat energy transmission system and the heat storage system to output control instructions.

The solar heat collection system includes: solar air heat collectors and heat collecting fans, wherein: several solar air heat collectors are arranged in parallel on the daylighting surface of the building, and the heat collecting fans are respectively connected to several solar heat collectors through air ducts. The air heat collectors are connected, and the output ends of the solar air heat collectors are respectively connected with the heat energy transmission mechanism through air pipes.

The heat storage system includes: a heat storage medium, a ventilation main ground cage and a ventilation branch ground cage, wherein: the ventilation main ground cage and the ventilation branch ground cage are buried in the lower part of the heat storage medium and communicate with each other, and the ventilation main ground cage and the heat energy The transmission mechanism is connected, the heating and heat storage medium is placed in the ventilation main floor cage, the heat energy is sent to the inside of the ventilation main floor cage through the heat energy transmission mechanism, and then evenly distributed to each ventilation branch floor cage, and the air flows out evenly through the ventilation branch floor cage The heat storage medium is heated.

The heat storage medium is pebbles.

The solar air heat collection system is provided with an auxiliary heat source heating system, and the auxiliary heat source heating system is a conventional heating device.

The solar air heat collection system is provided with a hot water system, and the hot water system includes: an air-water heat exchanger and a water circulation device, wherein: the air-water heat exchanger communicates with the water circulation device and is simultaneously connected with the solar air heat collection system touch.

The automatic control system includes: an automatic control box, temperature sensors in each distribution and heat collection system and heat storage system, and automatic control signal output components such as fans and water pumps.

The present invention can realize the following six different working conditions:

(1) Thermal storage conditions

In the case that heating is not required inside the building, the heat is delivered to the thermal storage bed through the heated air to store the heat for future use needs.

(2) Direct heating to buildings

When the building needs to be heated but there is no energy storage in the thermal storage bed, the air is heated by the solar air collector and sent directly to the building for heating without passing through the thermal storage bed.

(3) Heating the building through the thermal storage bed

The building has heating needs, and there is a certain amount of energy stored in the thermal storage bed. At this time, the air heated by the solar air collector enters the thermal storage bed, and heats the thermal storage bed while heating the building.

(4) Moisture-proof and mildew-proof working conditions in non-heating seasons

The heat storage medium in the heat storage bed is not used for a long time during non-heating, and it is very easy to breed mold. Therefore, the air heated by the solar air collector is sent into the heat storage bed to realize drying and mold removal of the heat storage bed. The air after use is directly discharged to the atmosphere and does not enter the building.

(5) Auxiliary heat source heating conditions

When the solar energy is insufficient and there is no heat available in the thermal storage bed, the auxiliary heat source system is activated to directly heat the building to meet the heating demand of the building.

(6) Hot water preparation conditions

The hot water preparation function is realized through the air-water heat exchanger set in the heat collecting and air supply pipe to meet the building's hot water demand throughout the year.

The invention can make full use of solar energy, reduce the energy consumption of the system, and cooperate with the use of auxiliary heat sources to ensure the heating of buildings. Reasonable use of the thermal storage floor cage system ensures the uniformity of thermal storage; the six working modes can be switched to each other, which ensures the adaptability of the heating system to different external environments. heating load and hot water load throughout the year.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures are provided, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following implementation example.

As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment includes: a solar heat collection system 1, a thermal energy transmission mechanism 2, a heat storage system 3, a hot water system 11 and an automatic control system 4, wherein: the solar heat collection system 1 is connected with the heat energy transmission mechanism 2 respectively The heat energy transmission mechanism 2 is connected with the heat storage system 3 to transmit heat energy, and the automatic control system 4 is respectively connected with the heat collection system 1, heat energy transmission system 2, and heat storage system 3 to output control commands.

Described solar heat collecting system 1 comprises: several solar air heat collectors 5 and heat-collecting fan 6, wherein: several solar air heat collectors 5 are arranged on the daylighting surface of a building in parallel, and heat-collecting fan 6 passes through The air ducts are respectively connected to several solar air heat collectors 5 , and the output ends of the solar air heat collectors 5 are respectively connected to the heat energy transmission mechanism 2 through the air ducts.

The solar air heat collector 5 is a flat-plate air heat collector. After the experimental research of multiple batches of solar air heat collectors, a kind of high heat collection efficiency has been obtained, which can meet the needs of building heating and integration with buildings. Install the required solar air collectors.

The heat storage system 3 includes: a heat storage medium 7, a ventilated main ground cage 8 and a ventilated branch ground cage 9, wherein: the ventilated main ground cage 8 and the ventilated branch ground cage 9 are buried in the lower part of the heat storage medium 7 and communicate with each other , the ventilation main floor cage 8 is connected to the heat collection system through the heat energy transmission mechanism 2, and the heat energy is sent to the interior of the ventilation main floor cage 8 through the heat energy transmission mechanism 2, and then evenly distributed to each ventilation branch floor cage 9, and the air passes through the branch floor cage The uniform outflow heats the heat storage medium 7 .

The ventilation main ground cage 8 is made of solid bricks, and the ventilation support ground cage 9 is made of hollow bricks.

The heat storage medium 7 is pebbles.

The solar air heat collection system is provided with an auxiliary heat source heating system 10, and the auxiliary heat source heating system 10 is a conventional heating device.

The solar air heat collection system is provided with a hot water system 11, the hot water system 11 includes: an air-water heat exchanger 12, a water circulation device 13 and a water tank 14, wherein: the air-water heat exchanger 12 is connected to the water circulation device 13 At the same time, it is in contact with the solar air heat collection system, using heated air to heat the water inside the water circulation system to ensure the hot water supply of the building.

The automatic control system 4 includes: temperature sensors in each distribution and heat collection system, heat storage system and hot water system, and automatic control signal output components such as fans and water pumps.

For the six different working conditions of the system, descriptions are now made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

During the heat storage working condition, open the valves 18,21, close the valves 19,20, close the indoor air supply outlets 15,17, and open the outdoor air exhaust outlet 16. In this way, the system draws air from the room, and after being heated by the collector, it is evenly sent into the heat storage layer to heat the pebble bed, and the low-temperature air seeped out of the pebble bed is discharged to the outside, and does not enter the building for heating. This working condition is suitable for buildings that do not need heating before entering the heating season. At this time, heat storage can be used to store heat for the upcoming heating season. The purpose of drawing air from the room is because the indoor temperature is relatively higher than the outdoor temperature. A higher temperature can be obtained after being heated by the collector.

Under the working condition of heating directly to the building, the valves 18, 21 are opened, the valves 19, 20 are closed, the indoor air outlet 15 is opened, the air outlet 17 is closed, and the air outlet 16 is closed. The system draws air from the room, and after being heated by the collector, it directly enters the room for heating without passing through the heat storage layer. This working condition is suitable for long-term rainy days. There is no heat stored inside the heat storage layer, but when the room has a heating demand and the weather is good, the heat load demand of the building can be directly met through this system. The above-mentioned operation mode is full return air. If the system has fresh air demand, it can be realized by adjusting valves 19 and 18, and the air volume of these two valves is matched to ensure that the fresh air occupies a certain proportion of the total air. .

Under the working condition of heating the building via the heat storage bed, the valves 18 and 21 are opened, the valves 19 and 20 are closed, the indoor air outlet 17 is opened, the air outlet 15 is closed, and the air outlet 16 is closed. The system draws wind from the room, heats the pebbles in the heat storage bed evenly through the ground cage after being heated by the heat collector, seeps out from the inside of the heat storage bed, reaches the air layer above the pebble layer, and then enters the room for heating. This working condition is suitable for heating under normal conditions, that is, the weather is good, there is a certain amount of heat in the heat storage bed and the user has a heating demand. The above-mentioned operation mode is full return air. If the system needs fresh air, it can be realized by adjusting valves 18 and 19, and the air volume of these two valves is matched to ensure that the fresh air occupies a certain proportion of the total air. .

Under the non-heating season moisture-proof and mildew-removing working conditions, open the valves 19,21, close the valves 18,20, close the indoor air outlets 15,17, and open the air outlet 16. The system draws fresh air from the outside, and after being heated by the heat collector, it is evenly sent to the heat storage pebble layer to prevent moisture and mildew from the heat storage bed. This working condition is mainly used in the non-heating season. Since the heat storage bed is not in working state most of the time in the non-heating season, moisture and moisture may be generated inside, which will breed mold and affect the living environment of the building. And sanitation, it is necessary and necessary to prevent moisture and remove mildew on the pebbles in the thermal storage layer. When working in this working condition, all the outdoor fresh air is extracted, and the hot and humid air seeped through the pebble layer is all discharged to the outside and must not enter the room.

Under the heating condition of the auxiliary heat source, the system is closed, that is, the fan stops, the water pump stops, and the auxiliary heat source starts to work. This condition is suitable when the weather conditions are bad and no heat is available in the thermal storage bed.

Under hot water conditions, the system has two working modes, one for heating season and one for non-heating season. When the system is in the heating season, no matter what the working conditions are, as long as the heat collection system is working, the water pump can be turned on to drive the water cycle to be heated. When the system is in the non-heating season, since the building does not need heating, the valves 18, 19 and 21 are closed, and the valve 20 is opened to realize the circulation of air inside the collector, better and more efficient heating in the heat exchanger of circulating water.

Compared with the current water heating and heating system, this solar heating and heating system does not need to consider leak-proof and anti-freezing, and does not need to install indoor heat exchange equipment, which reduces the cost of solar heating and can operate efficiently and automatically.

Claims (6)

1. building heat supplying and heating system based on solar energy air heat collector, comprise: solar thermal collection system, heat energy transport sector, hold over system and automatic control system, it is characterized in that: solar thermal collection system is connected with the heat energy transport sector respectively and adds hot-air with transmission, the heat energy transport sector is connected with transporting heat energy with hold over system, and automatic control system is connected with collecting system, heat energy transmission system and hold over system respectively with the output control instruction;

Described hold over system comprises: heat storage medium, the main ground cage and a ground cage that ventilates ventilate, wherein: the ventilate main ground cage and a ground cage that ventilates all are embedded in the heat storage medium bottom and are interconnected, the main ground cage that ventilates is connected with the heat energy transport sector, the heating heat storage medium places in the main ground cage that ventilates, heat energy is delivered to the cage inside, main ground that ventilates through the heat energy transport sector, be evenly distributed to each ground cage that ventilates again, air evenly flows out behind a ground cage that ventilates heat storage medium is heated.

2. the building heat supplying and heating system based on solar energy air heat collector according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described solar thermal collection system comprises: solar energy air heat collector and thermal-arrest blower fan, wherein: several solar energy air heat collectors are arranged on the lighting for buildings face with parallel way, the thermal-arrest blower fan is connected with several solar energy air heat collectors respectively by airduct, and the output of solar energy air heat collector is connected with the heat energy transport sector by airduct respectively.

3. the building heat supplying and heating system based on solar energy air heat collector according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described heating heat storage medium is a cobble.

4. the described building heat supplying and heating system based on solar energy air heat collector of claim 1 is characterized in that, described ventilation master ground cage is built into by solid brick, and a ground cage that ventilates is built into by hollow brick.

5. the building heat supplying and heating system based on solar energy air heat collector according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described solar air heat collection system is provided with the auxiliary thermal source heating system, and this auxiliary thermal source heating system is conventional heating installation.

6. the building heat supplying and heating system based on solar energy air heat collector according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described solar air heat collection system is provided with hot-water heating system, this hot-water heating system comprises: air-water heat exchanger and water circle device, wherein: air-water heat exchanger is connected with water circle device and contacts with the solar air heat collection system simultaneously.

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