CN101781589A - 一种天然抗氧化剂及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种天然抗氧化剂及利用该天然抗氧化剂提高生物柴油储存稳定性的应用，属生物能技术领域。本天然抗氧化剂的原料为雪莲果叶、元宝枫和橙皮的单一物或混合物，经乙醇提取，且其中含酚酸和黄酮物质。使用时将生物柴油总重0.01％～1％本天然抗氧化剂先与生物柴油总重1％的乙醇和10％的生物柴油溶解，然后再加入到其余的生物柴油中混匀。本天然抗氧化剂的原料富含黄酮、酚酸等抗氧化成分，且充分利用了这些废弃物，变废为宝，使得抗氧化剂的成本低廉，同时对生物柴油的理化性质无明显影响。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种天然抗氧化剂及利用该天然抗氧化剂提高生物柴油储存稳定性的应用，属生物能技术领域。
背景技术
生物柴油，一种由各种动植物油与甲醇酯交换反应得到的脂肪酸酯，具有低黏度、低硫、高燃烧值、高十六烷值等特点，是一种理想的可替代燃料。但由于自身含有大量的不饱和脂肪酸甲酯，在储存过程中易于被氧化，降低了其品质。储存稳定性是影响生物柴油质量的一个主要因素，在储存和使用过程中不可避免地会与外界空气接触，由于受温度、光照和空气中的氧等外界的影响，它会与空气中的氧发生复杂的化学反应，生成一些新的氧化产物，使得油的黏度、气味等受到影响，从而影响油的性能和质量。通过添加抗氧化剂提高生物柴油氧化稳定性是一条重要途径，因此开展生物柴油抗氧化剂研究与应用对于提高生物柴油氧化安定性和使用性能其有重要意义。
合成抗氧化剂，如丁基羟基茴香醚、二丁基羟基甲苯虽然抗氧化效果较好，但是会对生物柴油的理化性质产生明显影响。
雪莲果叶、元宝枫、橙皮富含酚酸和黄酮物质，具有突出的抗氧化活性。雪莲果叶是雪莲果种植过程的伴生物，但作为废弃物的处理，目前还未加以利用；元宝枫叶和橙皮也有丰富的资源，且利用率较低，将其醇提取物作为天然抗氧化剂加以利用，尤其应用于生物柴油，未见报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种天然抗氧化剂及其应用，其加工工艺简单，剂量较低，抗氧化效果明显，成本低廉，延长了生物柴油的储存期，同时对生物柴油的理化性质无明显影响。
实现本发明上述目的所采取的技术方案是：抗氧化剂的原料为雪莲果叶、元宝枫和橙皮的单一物或混合物，经乙醇提取，且其中含酚酸和黄酮物质。
所述的抗氧化剂是将原料雪莲果叶、元宝枫和橙皮经过干燥，粉碎到的50～200目粒度，与乙醇按1∶10～40的克/毫升固液比混合，在温度40℃～75℃下提取，再浓缩、喷雾干燥得到。提取本抗氧化剂有效成分所用的乙醇浓度为70％～95％，且原料应经过乙醇的提取次数为2～4次。
本发明上述的天然抗氧化剂可用于提高生物柴油储存的稳定性。
所述的生物柴油是以指以餐饮废油为原料，通过预酯化和酯交换制得的生物柴油；使用时将生物柴油总重0.01％～1％天然抗氧化剂先与生物柴油总重1％的无水乙醇和10％的生物柴油溶解，然后再加入到其余的生物柴油中混匀。
本发明的有益效果是：既充分利用了雪莲叶、元宝枫叶、橙皮富含黄酮、酚酸等抗氧化成分的特点，又充分利用这些废弃物，变废为宝，使得抗氧化剂的成本低廉。经实验与常用合成抗氧化剂丁基羟基茴香醚、二丁基羟基甲苯相比，其抗氧化效果可以达到合成抗氧化剂的50～90％，同时对生物柴油的理化性质无明显影响，有相当的可应用与推广性，具有很大的市场潜力。
具体实施方案
实施例1
(1)将雪莲果叶干燥，粉碎至50目，将其与75％乙醇按比例1∶20倍固液比、温度45℃、提取3次，合并滤液，浓缩至比重1.05，喷雾干燥制得雪莲果叶天然抗氧化添加剂。
(2)将制得的含量在0.05％(重量比)的雪莲果叶天然抗氧化剂先用1％的无水乙醇和10％的生物柴油溶解，再加到所配重量的生物柴油中。
(3)脂肪酸甲酯分布与含量采用气相色谱法测定；酸值的测定按GB/T5530进行；过氧化值的测定按GB/T5538进行；氧化诱导期按EN 14112：2003进行。
根据欧盟标准EN14112：2003方法，测定样品在130℃下的诱导时间从0.80h提高到10.12h。
实施例2
(1)将元宝枫干燥，粉碎至100目，将其与80％乙醇按比例1∶30倍固液比、温度55℃、提取3次，合并滤液，浓缩至比重1.10，喷雾干燥制得元宝枫天然抗氧化添加剂。
(2)将制得的含量在0.02％(重量比)的元宝枫天然抗氧化剂先用1％的无水乙醇和10％的生物柴油溶解，再加到所配重量的生物柴油中。
(3)根据欧盟标准EN14112：2003方法，测定样品在130℃下的诱导时间从0.82h提高到12.09h。
实施例3
(1)将橙皮干燥，粉碎至150目，将其与85％乙醇按比例1∶40倍固液比、温度65℃、提取2次，合并滤液，浓缩至比重1.12，喷雾干燥制得橙皮天然抗氧化添加剂。
(2)将制得的含量在0.10％(重量比)的橙皮天然抗氧化剂先用1％的无水乙醇和10％的生物柴油溶解，再加到所配重量的生物柴油中。
(3)根据欧盟标准EN14112：2003方法，测定样品在130℃下的诱导时间从0.90h提高到8.18h。
实施例4
((1)将实施例1和实施例2制得的雪莲果叶天然抗氧化剂和元宝枫天然抗氧化剂按1∶1比例、含量在0.01％(重量比)先用1％的无水乙醇和10％的生物柴油溶解，再加到所配重量的生物柴油中。
(2)根据欧盟标准EN14112：2003方法，测定样品在130℃下的诱导时间从0.82h提高到13.92h。
Claims (6)
1.一种天然抗氧化剂，其特征是：原料为雪莲果叶、元宝枫和橙皮的单一物或混合物，经乙醇提取，且其中含酚酸和黄酮物质。
2.按权利要求1所述的天然抗氧化剂，其特征是：原料雪莲果叶、元宝枫和橙皮经过干燥，粉碎到的50～200目粒度，与乙醇按1∶10～40的克/毫升固液比混合，在温度40℃～75℃下提取，再浓缩、喷雾干燥得到。
3.按权利要求1所述的天然抗氧化剂，其特征是：抗氧化剂的原料经过乙醇2～4次提取。
4.按权利要求1所述的天然抗氧化剂，其特征是：提取抗氧化剂有效成分所用的乙醇浓度为70％～95％。
5.一种权利要求1、2或3所述的天然抗氧化剂在用于提高生物柴油储存稳定性中的应用。
6.按权利要求4所述的天然抗氧化剂在用于提高生物柴油储存稳定性中的应用，其特征是：所述的生物柴油是以指以餐饮废油为原料，通过预酯化和酯交换制得的生物柴油；使用时将生物柴油总重0.01％～1％天然抗氧化剂先与生物柴油总重1％的无水乙醇和10％的生物柴油溶解，然后再加入到其余的生物柴油中混匀。
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103834477A (zh) * | 2014-03-14 | 2014-06-04 | 河南久大实业有限公司 | 一种甘油燃料的生产方法 |
| CN104560230A (zh) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-04-29 | 岳阳东方阳光生物能源科技有限公司 | 一种生物柴油添加剂 |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1580064A (zh) * | 2003-08-04 | 2005-02-16 | 陈功 | 柑桔类黄酮提取技术 |
| CN1844329A (zh) * | 2006-04-13 | 2006-10-11 | 云南大学 | 膏桐油与石化柴油掺配做柴油机燃油的方法 |
| CN101502568A (zh) * | 2009-03-06 | 2009-08-12 | 云南五湖制药有限公司 | 一种养颜美容口服液及其制备方法 |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1580064A (zh) * | 2003-08-04 | 2005-02-16 | 陈功 | 柑桔类黄酮提取技术 |
| CN1844329A (zh) * | 2006-04-13 | 2006-10-11 | 云南大学 | 膏桐油与石化柴油掺配做柴油机燃油的方法 |
| CN101502568A (zh) * | 2009-03-06 | 2009-08-12 | 云南五湖制药有限公司 | 一种养颜美容口服液及其制备方法 |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103834477A (zh) * | 2014-03-14 | 2014-06-04 | 河南久大实业有限公司 | 一种甘油燃料的生产方法 |
| CN103834477B (zh) * | 2014-03-14 | 2016-06-01 | 河南久大实业有限公司 | 一种甘油燃料的生产方法 |
| CN104560230A (zh) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-04-29 | 岳阳东方阳光生物能源科技有限公司 | 一种生物柴油添加剂 |
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