Background technology

Livestock breeding wastewater pollutes and has chronicity and non-reversibility, and its features of pollution is high suspended matter, high organism and high ammonia nitrogen, and biodegradability is strong, and stink is big.

Poultry industry is the important component part of China's agricultural and rural economy, it also is the one of the main reasons that causes China's rural area pollution of area source, it is serious day by day that livestock and poultry breeding industry is greatly developed the problem of environmental pollution that is brought, not only influence Economic development, but also jeopardize ecological safety, become the social concern of people's common concern.The severe contamination that ight soil that livestock and poultry farm produces and sewage cause surface water, underground water, soil and ambient air has directly influenced people's healthy and ordinary production life.The method of handling the livestock breeding wastewater pollution at present mainly contains natural biology degradation technique (as soil treatment, oxidation pond processing, artificial swamp processing etc.), anaerobic treatment technology (as anaerobic filter, up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket, flow lifting type solid reactor etc.), aerobic treatment technology (as biological filter, blodisc, sequencing batch active sludge, A/O technology and oxidation ditch etc.) etc.These methods all have certain characteristics, and can reduce the pollution level of livestock breeding wastewater to a certain extent.Yet, adopting anaerobism or aerobic biologic treating technique, its effluent quality is difficult to reach corresponding emission standard, lets alone the comprehensive first discharge standard of sewage, if adopt compulsory physical chemistry measure intensifying treatment effect, often cost is too high.The characteristics of natural biology degradation technique (artificial swamp processing) can remedy the limitation that the aquaculture economic capability is limited, lack the technician that certain operation and level of management are arranged just, especially are fit to be located in the plant of Rural areas.Adopt natural biology degradation technique (artificial swamp processing) to strengthen the treatment effect of livestock breeding wastewater pollution treatment system, a kind of suitable treatment technology of can yet be regarded as.

Beginning of the nineties late 1980s, held the artificial swamp conference of disposing of sewage in succession in the U.S., Britain, proposed the relevant purification mechanism of artificial swamp and design specifications and the data that some can be for reference, indicated that artificial swamp enters environmental science as a kind of Sewage treatment systems that shows unique characteristics.In recent years, researchs such as application of the engineering of artificial swamp and purification mechanism more and more are subject to people's attention.Artificial swamp can not only effectively be removed suspended substance, organic pollutant, nitrogen and the phosphorus etc. in the sewage, and can effectively remove exogenous bioactive substances such as pathogenic bacteria, heavy metal, algae toxin, it is low to have construction cost, power consumption is few, working cost is low and effective and do not cause multifrequency nature such as secondary pollution, higher nitrogen, tp removal rate are not only arranged, also have the effect of beautifying the environment.Pollute one of the serious environmental problem become that whole world people will face along with water, artificial swamp has obtained long term growth because of its special advantages, especially shown great potentiality in polluting purifying livestock breeding wastewater, become and begin the research focus paid close attention in recent years.Be used at present to handle the plant that livestock breeding wastewater pollutes cyperus alternifolius (Cyperus alternifolius), chrysanthemum Canna generalis Bailey (Cannaceaeindica var.flava), wilson iris (Iris pseudoacorus), calamus (Acorus calamus Linn), wild rice stem (Zizania latifolia), reed (Phragmites australis) etc. have been arranged.

But, in the face of the present serious day by day problem of bringing of livestock breeding wastewater pollution of greatly developing owing to livestock and poultry cultivation, above-mentionedly can be used for handling the plant variety resource that livestock breeding wastewater pollutes and seem very limited, be difficult to satisfy actual needs, still await further reasonable development and can be used in a large number handling the plant variety resource that livestock breeding wastewater pollutes, to adapt to the needs of wastewater treatments such as different areas, different quality soil property.In addition, the plant that present great majority are used to purify waste water is an annual herb, winter hardiness is poor, winter is withered, this has not only influenced the decontamination effect improving of winter to livestock breeding wastewater, and dry branches and fallen leaves enters in the water, can bring new pollution to water body, thereby cause winter undesirable to the purification of waste water effect of livestock and poultry cultivation.

Alocasia cucullata Schott (Alocasia cucullata) belongs to the Araeceae Alocasia, is perennial upright large-scale herbaceous plant, and terrestrial stem is cylindrical, thick 3-6 centimetre, stem is many up to 1m, chocolate, tool annular leaf scar, usually stretch out the budling of many cripeturas by base portion, send sprouting, shape becomes to grow thickly.The petiole green, is expanded into wide sheath strongly by middle part to base portion by long 25-30 centimetre; Blade is membranous to inferior keratin, deep green, carry on the back light slightly, the heart of wide ovum shape, the rapid narrow tool spur of tip, long 10-16 centimetre, wide 7-18 centimetre, base portion circle; Middle rib and I level lateral vein are all thicker, and lateral vein 5-8 is right, and being set out by the middle rib base portion in 2 pairs of its middle and lower parts, has a down dip, then arc Qu Shangsheng.Common peduncle is cylindrical, and is sturdy slightly, Chang Dansheng, long 20-30 centimetre.The nearly meat of spathe, pipe minister circle shape is avette, and light green is to deep green, and long 4-8 centimetre, slightly 2.5-5 centimetre; The narrow boat shape of eaves portion, the edge inner ring, the spur that the tip tool is long and narrow, long 5-10 centimetre, wide 3-5 centimetre, top, outside is faint yellow, the bottom light green.Spadix is luxuriant shorter than Buddhist, is about 10 centimetres, and the long 1.5-2.5 of female inflorescence centimetre, cylindrical, base portion bevel shape, thick 7 centimetres of middle part; The long 2-3 of sterile male inflorescence centimetre, thick about 3 millimeters; Can educate the nearly fusiform of male inflorescence, long 3.5 centimetres, thick 8 centimetres of middle part.Pale yellow, yellow; Appendicle light green, yellow-green colour, narrow taper shape is about 3.5 centimetres, thick 6 centimetres of bottom.Berry is subsphaeroidal, and footpath 6-8 millimeter has seed usually.7 months Mays of florescence, really August phase.

At present, alocasia cucullata Schott has unique style because its rhizome hypertrophy, the anti-the moon of moisture-proof, and vitality is strong, is mainly used in generally that the flower garden is beautified or potted plant, is the indoor foliage plants of high-grade.

In addition, alocasia cucullata Schott is at present also as medicinal, complete stool is medicinal, for controlling the venomous snake bite key medicine, clearing heat and detoxicating, the Repercusion analgesia of energy, can control influenza, high fever, pulmonary tuberculosis, acute gastritis, stomach ulcer, chronic gastropathy, ileotyphus, venomous snake bite, cellulitis, sore furuncle, rheumatism etc. are controlled in external application, and sudden illness is controlled with herb in Fujian.