CN101773873B - Slime separation method and equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

A coal slime sorting method and equipment, adopts conjoined double flotation columns to carry out circular flotation and classification of coal slime, the first flotation column is equipped with a flow stabilizer, the large vortex can be eliminated through the flow stabilizer, and the support The foam layer increases the collision probability between particles and air bubbles, so that the floating coal slime can float out as soon as possible, so as to reduce mixing and pollution, and play a role in stabilizing the flow. The second flotation column is flotation again, and then enters the second settling box to classify again, increasing the number of slurry circulation and sorting, and improving the recovery capacity of coarse-grained coal slime and difficult-to-float fine-grained coal slime; the equipment is compact and the processing capacity Large size, low production and operation costs, convenient installation and operation, overall improved quantity and quality of clean coal products, and significant economic benefits.

Description

A kind of coal slime sorting method and equipment

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of mineral flotation, in particular to a high-efficiency separation method and equipment for coal slime.

Background technique

At present, the key technology and equipment of high-efficiency separation of coal slime flotation based on high-efficiency purification and processing are still in the research stage in China. Although the slime separation technology is constantly improving and new equipment is emerging, there is still a big gap between its separation effect and efficient separation. Existing technologies (such as gravity separation, centrifugal separation and foam separation, etc.) are far from being able to achieve efficient separation of coal slime in my country, especially the separation of high-ash and difficult-to-separate coal slime. As the leading sorting equipment of coal slime flotation, flotation machine and flotation column, more and more problems are exposed in the process of coal slime sorting.

In recent years, flotation machines have shown a diversified development trend. Such as Vimco flotation machines, Outokumpu flotation machines, filling flotation machines, coarse flotation machines, flash flotation machines, jet flotation machines, etc. At the same time, the composite force field was gradually introduced into the traditional flotation machine, and achieved fruitful results. Although domestic and foreign researchers have done a lot of research work on flotation machine sorting equipment, these research works are mainly limited to a single equipment, and do not consider the problem from the whole flotation process, and fundamentally ignore the mineralization of materials. The central problem is that reactivity becomes increasingly poor with the sorting process. This type of flotation machine is limited by its separation principle, the mineralization method is relatively simple, and the flotation process does not match the process characteristics of the nonlinear separation of materials. Recovery rate. Although the tank-by-tank stirring of the flotation machine is good for the recovery of coarse particles, the relatively high stirring intensity is not good for the recovery of fine particle materials. As far as the current application status of the entire flotation machine is concerned, the separation effect of fine-grained coal is not good, and the high ash content of the flotation clean coal is the main problem faced by the flotation machine, especially for the coal slime that gradually tends to be high in ash and difficult to separate. The current situation of coal slime, the flotation machine will face greater challenges.

Flotation columns have always had a significant advantage in the separation of fine-grained materials. The research on flotation columns in our country originated in the early 1980s. At that time, three kinds of the most advanced flotation columns in the world were directly introduced and put into use in coal preparation plants. These are packed flotation columns (USA), Jameson flotation columns (Australia) and microbubble flotation columns (USA). So far, neither of the former two types of equipment has been used industrially in our country, and the latter has basically not been operating normally since it was put into production. The common problems reflected in industrial experiments are: low ash content in tailings, low separation efficiency, especially poor recovery effect on coarse particles, which cannot meet the needs of fine coal separation in my country. In view of the poor buoyancy of coal slime in my country, these three types of column separation equipment abroad have exposed principle and performance defects to varying degrees, that is, lack of effective strengthening separation links and means, especially for the recovery of coarse particles. . In recent years, major breakthroughs have been made in the development and application of flotation columns. A number of new flotation columns have come to the fore, and flotation columns have received more attention in the coal slime separation industry. However, from the perspective of the overall use effect, the processing capacity of the equipment is low, the recovery effect of coarse particles is poor, and the low ash content of flotation tailings has become a prominent problem it faces.

Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a new type of high-efficiency separation method and equipment for coal slime according to the characteristics of the material's gradually deteriorating floatability during the separation process and the insufficiency of the flotation column in recovering coarse particles.

Contents of the invention

Technical problem: The purpose of this invention is to provide a coal slime separation method and equipment with compact structure, large processing capacity, low production and operation cost, and convenient installation and operation.

Technical solution: The coal slime separation method of the present invention includes injecting clean water about 1/3 of the volume of the column into the flotation column, starting the circulation pump of the flotation column, opening the inflation valve, and feeding the floating coal slime into the flotation column. Column selection, the floating coal slime that sinks downward in the flotation column is mineralized under the action of tangential swirling flow, the clean coal floats up with the air bubbles, and is discharged through the clean coal collection tank, and the middling coal passes through the bottom flow bucket-shaped diversion pipe. The circulating pump re-enters the flotation column for flotation, and the floating coal slime first enters the first flotation column, sprays downward evenly through the feed distributor in the first flotation column, and then passes through at least one layer of flow stabilizer Settling downwards, the mineralized particles float upwards through the flow stabilizer with the air bubbles, the first tailings enter the first settling box through the first communication hole, and the first water distribution pipe at the bottom of the first settling box works In the lower classification, the second medium coal flows out from the second bottom outlet, and enters the first flotation column again through the first circulating pump, and the second tailing coal enters the second flotation column from the upper communication hole for secondary flotation, and the third tailing The coal enters the second settling box through the second communication hole, and is classified again under the action of the second water distribution pipe at the bottom of the second settling box, and the fourth medium coal enters the second flotation column from the bottom outlet through the second circulation pump Flotation again, and finally the tailings are discharged from the overflow port of the second settling box.

The coal slime separation equipment of the present invention comprises a flotation column, a feed distributor arranged in the flotation column, an underflow bucket-shaped guide pipe, a tangential swirl tube arranged on the outer wall of the flotation column, and a tangential swirl tube arranged on the outer wall of the flotation column. A circulation pump, a bubble generator and a mixed mineralization pipe are arranged between the flow pipe and the underflow bucket-shaped guide pipe. The flotation column is divided into a first flotation column and a second flotation column. The first flotation column There is at least one current stabilizer inside, a first settling box is set between the first flotation column and the second flotation column, and a second settling box is set outside the second flotation column; the first settling box The lower part of the first flotation column is provided with a first communicating hole communicating with the bottom of the first flotation column, the upper part is opened with an upper communicating hole communicating with the upper part of the second flotation column, and the bottom is provided with a second bottom flow port connected with the first circulation pump , the top of the second bottom outlet is provided with a first water distribution pipe; the lower part of the second settling box is provided with a second communication hole communicating with the bottom of the second flotation column, its upper part is provided with an overflow hole, and its bottom is provided with a second communication hole connected to the bottom of the second flotation column The fourth bottom flow port connected to the second circulation pump is provided with a second water distribution pipe above the fourth bottom flow port; the flow stabilizer is composed of upper and lower collars and a plurality of pipe sections fixed between the upper and lower collars.

Beneficial effects: mainly aimed at high-ash and difficult-to-separate coal slime, improving the recovery capacity of coarse-grained coal slime and difficult-to-float fine-grained coal slime. Conjoined double flotation columns are used to carry out cyclic flotation and classification of coal slime. A flow stabilizer is installed in the barrel of the first-stage flotation column. The flow stabilizer can eliminate large vortices, support the foam layer, and improve the collision between particles and air bubbles. Probability, so that the floating coal slime can float out as soon as possible to reduce mixing and pollution, and play a role in stabilizing the flow, that is, to implement packing filling in the sorting area of the first flotation column to achieve real "plug flow" flotation and strengthen secondary enrichment. At the same time, after the material is sorted by the settling and sorting section, two kinds of particle size materials are obtained. After the coarse-grained material passing through the first settling tank is mixed with the middle ore of the first flotation column, it returns to the first flotation through the middle ore circulation system. Column internal circulation separation, the coarse-grained material in the second settling tank is mixed with the middle ore of the second flotation column, and then returned to the second flotation column through the middle ore circulation system for internal circulation and separation of the second flotation column to improve the coarse particle material The recovery capacity; the fine-grained materials obtained after sorting by the first settling tank are mainly hard-to-float materials, so a large-flow circulating pump is used as the energy source for the second flotation column sorting to increase the number of pulp circulation and sorting, and strengthen Recycling of difficult-to-float slime; the equipment is compact, the processing capacity is large, the production and operation costs are low, the installation and operation are convenient, the quantity and quality of clean coal products are improved as a whole, and the economic benefits are remarkable.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the coal slime sorting equipment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the water distribution pipe in Fig. 1 .

Detailed ways

The specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

As shown in Fig. 1, the coal slime separation equipment of the present invention is mainly by flotation column, feed material distributor 2, flow stabilizer 3, underflow bucket shape guide pipe, bubble generator, mineralization pipe, circulation pump, first Settling box body 8, the second settling box body 16 constitutes. The flotation column is divided into the first flotation column 1 and the second flotation column 10, the feed distributor 2 is arranged on the upper part of the first flotation column 1, and the current stabilizer 3 is arranged on the top of the first flotation column 1. In the middle part, the flow stabilizer 3 is composed of upper and lower collars in the form of mesh plates and a plurality of pipe sections fixed between the upper and lower collars. According to the situation of the flotation material, there can be one or more current stabilizers 3, and there are two as shown in Fig. 1 . The bottom of the first flotation column 1 is provided with the first tangential swirl pipe 20 connected to its inner wall, the first tangential swirl pipe 20 is connected with the first mineralization pipe 6, and the first mineralization pipe 6 is connected with the first mineralization pipe 6. A bubble generator 5, the first bubble generator 5 is connected with the output port of the first circulation pump 7; The first bottom flow port D of the draft pipe 4 is connected to the input port of the first circulating pump 7 ; the top of the first flotation column 1 is provided with a first overflow tank 18 . The first settling box body 8 is connected between the first flotation column 1 and the second flotation column 10, and the outside of the second flotation column 10 is provided with a second settling box body 16; the lower part of the first settling box body 8 is opened There is a first communicating hole C communicating with the bottom of the first flotation column 1, and an upper communicating hole F communicating with the upper part of the second flotation column 10 is opened on the upper part of the first settling box body 8, and the bottom of the first settling box body 8 A second underflow port E connected to the input port of the first circulation pump 7 is provided, and a first water distribution pipe 9 is arranged above the second bottom flow port E; The second communication hole H connected at the bottom, the upper part of the second settling tank 16 has an overflow hole K, the bottom of the second settling tank 16 is provided with a fourth bottom outlet J connected to the second circulation pump 15, the fourth A second water distribution pipe 17 is provided above the bottom outlet J. The first water distribution pipe 9 and the second water distribution pipe 17 are formed by the inlet and outlet main water pipes arranged side by side and the branch water pipes arranged side by side between the inlet and outlet main water pipes. The branch water pipes have some small holes, as shown in Figure 2. The second flotation column 10 is provided with a multilayer sieve plate 11, its top is provided with a second overflow tank 19, and the bottom of the second flotation column 10 is provided with a second tangential swirl tube 21 communicating with its inner wall, The second tangential swirl pipe 21 is connected with the second mineralization pipe 14, and the second mineralization pipe 14 is connected with the second bubble generator 13, and the second bubble generator 13 is connected with the output port of the second circulation pump 15, and The third underflow port I of the second underflow bucket-shaped guide pipe 12 at the bottom of the second flotation column 10 is connected to the input port of the second circulating pump 15 .

Coal slime sorting method step of the present invention is as follows:

a. Inject clean water about 1/3 of the column volume into the first flotation column 1 and the second flotation column 10, and start the first and second cycles of the first flotation column 1 and the second flotation column 10 respectively Pump 7, 8, open the inflation valve O, P;

b. Feed the floating coal slime into the first flotation column 1 from the first flotation column inlet A, spray it evenly downwards through the feeding distributor 2 in the first flotation column, and enter the floating coal The mud settles downward through at least one layer of stabilizer 3, and the mineralized particles float upward through the stabilizer 3 with air bubbles, and the first clean coal is discharged from the outlet B of the first overflow tank 18; the first The medium coal flows out through the first underflow port D of the first underflow bucket-shaped draft pipe 4, and the first tailing coal enters the first settling box 8 through the first communication hole C;

c. The tailing coal entering the first settling box 8 is classified under the action of the first water distribution pipe 9, and the classified second medium coal flows out from the second bottom flow port E, and flows out of the first medium coal from the first bottom flow port D together through the first circulating pump 7, the first bubble generator 5 and the first mineralization pipe 6, and send them back to the first flotation column 1 for further flotation; the classified second tailings enter the second Carry out secondary flotation in the flotation column 10;

d. The second tailings of secondary flotation settle down through the multi-layer sieve plate in the second flotation column 10, and the mineralized particles float upward through the multi-layer sieve plate along with the air bubbles, and the second clean coal It is discharged from the discharge port G of the second overflow tank 19; the third medium coal flows out through the third bottom flow port I of the second underflow bucket-shaped draft pipe 12, and the third tailing coal enters the second settlement through the second communication hole H Box 16;

e. The tailing coal entering the second settling box 16 is classified again under the action of the second water distribution pipe 17, and the classified fourth middle coal flows out from the fourth bottom flow port J, and flows out of the third middle coal from the third bottom flow port I Together, the second circulation pump 15, the second bubble generator 13 and the second mineralization pipe 14 are sent back to the second flotation column 10 for flotation again; the final tailings are discharged from the overflow port on the second settling box 16 top. K is discharged and circulated sequentially until the separation of difficult-to-select coal slime is completed.

Claims (3)

1. A coal slime separation method comprises injecting the clear water of about 1/3 of the cylinder volume into the first and second flotation columns (1, 10), and starting the first and second flotation columns (1, 10) 10) The first and second circulating pumps (7, 15) open the inflation valves (O, P), and the floating coal slime is fed into the first flotation column (1), and the first flotation column (1) is graded The first tailings that come out enter the first settling box through the first communication hole (C), and then the second tailings that have been classified by the first settling box enter the second flotation column 10 from the upper communication hole (F) Secondary flotation is carried out in the flotation column (1, 10), and the floating coal slime that settles down in the flotation column (1, 10) is mineralized under the action of tangential swirling flow, and the clean coal floats up with the air bubbles, and is discharged through the clean coal collection tank. Coal re-enters the first and second flotation column flotation (1, 10) through the underflow bucket-shaped diversion pipe through the circulating pump, and the feature is that the coal slime first enters the first flotation column (1). After the feed distributor (2) in the first flotation column sprays downward evenly, it then settles down through at least one deck of flow stabilizer (3), and the mineralized particles pass through the flow stabilizer ( 3) Floating upwards, the first tailing coal enters the first settling box (8) through the first communication hole (C), and is graded under the action of the first water distribution pipe (9) at the bottom of the first settling box (8), The second medium coal in the first settling box (8) flows out from the second bottom flow port (E), and passes through the first circulation together with the first medium coal flowing out from the first bottom flow port (D) of the first flotation column The pump (7) enters the first flotation column (1) again, and the second tailing coal enters the second flotation column (10) from the upper communication hole (F) for secondary flotation, and the third tailing of the second flotation column Coal enters the second settling box (16) through the second communication hole (H), and is classified again under the action of the second water distribution pipe (17) at the bottom of the second settling box (16). ) in the fourth medium coal flow out from the fourth bottom flow port (J), together with the third medium coal flow out of the third bottom flow port (I) of the second flotation column, enter the second floating float through the second circulation pump (15) Flotation again in the selection column (10), and finally the tailings are discharged from the overflow port (K) of the second settling box (16). 2. A coal slime separation device, comprising a flotation column, a feed distributor arranged in the flotation column, an underflow bucket-shaped diversion pipe, a tangential swirl pipe arranged on the outer wall of the flotation column, and a tangential A circulating pump, a bubble generator and a mixed mineralization pipe are arranged between the swirl tube and the underflow bucket-shaped guide tube, and the feature is that the flotation column is divided into a first flotation column (1) and a second flotation column (1). Column selection (10), at least one current stabilizer (3) is provided in the first flotation column (1), and the bottom of the first flotation column (1) is provided with a first underflow bucket-shaped draft tube (4) , the first bottom flow port (D) of the first underflow bucket-shaped draft guide (4) is connected with the input port of the first circulating pump (7); the second underflow bucket-shaped guide at the bottom of the second flotation column (10) The third bottom outlet (1) of flow pipe (12) links to each other with the input port of the second circulation pump (15); The first settling process is arranged between the first flotation column (1) and the second flotation column (10). Casing (8), the outside of the second flotation column (10) is provided with the second settling box (16); The bottom of the first settling box (8) is provided with the first flotation column (1) bottom communicate The first communication hole (C), the upper part of which is provided with the upper communication hole (F) communicated with the upper part of the second flotation column (10), and the bottom is provided with the second underflow port connected with the first circulation pump (7) (E), the first water distribution pipe (9) is provided above the second bottom outlet (E) connected to the first circulating pump (7); the bottom of the second settling tank (16) is provided with the second flotation The second communication hole (H) connected to the bottom of the column (10) has an overflow hole (K) on its upper part, and a fourth bottom flow port (J) connected to the second circulation pump (15) on the bottom, which is connected to the second circulation pump (15). A second water distribution pipe (17) is arranged above the fourth bottom outlet (J) connected to the second circulation pump (15). 3. The coal slime separation equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: the flow stabilizer (3) is composed of upper and lower collars and a plurality of pipe sections fixed between the upper and lower collars.

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