CN101773088B - Farmland ricefield eel cultivating method - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses a farmland ricefield eel cultivating method. Ditching and ridging are carried out on a farmland meeting the requirements of planting taro, corn or paddy, the width of ridging channels are determined by narrow bands and wide bands at intervals, the depth of the ridging channels are determined by shallow ridges and deep ridges at intervals, and the ridging channels are mutually communicated. 1-2 soil slops are built on each ridge every other 25-100 m. Crops are planted on the ridges, ricefield eel seeds are thrown in the channels for cultivating ricefield eels, and angleworms are placed on the ridges for feeding the ricefield eels. In the invention, an innovated mode and technology for planting crops and cultivating ricefield eels is constructed, the problem of low income of the traditional ricefield eel cultivating method and pure crop planting of the farmland is solved, the cultivated land resource of the farmland can be sufficiently utilized, and the ecological environment of the farmland is improved. By adopting the technology, farmers can obtain benefits for many years after investing once.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to stereo ecological agricultural development pattern and supporting technology, is the farmland ricefield eel cultivating method that a kind of relevant breeding combines specifically.
Background technology
Multi-storied agriculture is claimed the stratiform agricultural again, utilizes resources such as light, heat, water, fertilizer, gas exactly; Utilize time difference and the space parallax of various crops in growing process simultaneously;, underwater surface underground, aerial and rear, the place ahead on ground simultaneously or produce alternately, through reasonable assembling, thickness is supporting; Form various types of multi-functional, multi-level, multipath high yield and high quality production systems, obtain maximum economic benefit.Plant vegetables, plant medicinal material as planting in the vineland in the plant husbandry after strawberry, strawberry are received, woods, grain, are raised intercropping, stereo ecological agricultural Model such as grain beans intercropping and interplanting at woods; On the breeding combination, raise chickens like the vineyard, rice field fish culture, the rice crab is supported altogether, the compound production system pattern of stereochemical structures such as duck-raising enclosed paddy fields and rice field fish culture.More than these patterns and technology, advance agricultural science and technology art progress and improve farmers' income, improving the ecological environment etc. all plays a positive role aspect many.
Swamp eel is a kind of freshwater fish of warm band, and adaptive capacity is extremely strong, in China various places distribution is arranged all.Swamp eel is delicious because of its fine and tender taste, and nutritive value is high and welcome by people, and same common eel, loach are closed and be called " fresh water three ginsengs ".In addition, also contain a kind of higher material that is worth---DHA (DHA) in the swamp eel body, it is the requisite highly unsaturated fatty acid of a kind of brain nutrition, and the effect of enhance memory is arranged, and also is the essential material of brain growth.Swamp eel not only is of high nutritive value, and in the effect that medically also has particular importance.Put down in writing according to Compendium of Material Medica: " swamp eel is sweet in flavor and warm in property nontoxic, goes into liver spleen kidney three warps, ability qi-restoratives labor, strengthening the bones and muscles, wind-damp dispelling ".Among the peoplely think that skin, meat, the bone of swamp eel all can be used as medicine, but swamp eel brain tonic not only but also can reduce cholesterol concentration in the blood, the prevention thrombosis is supported the generation of angiocardiopathies such as arteriosclerosis.In addition, can also inflammation-inhibiting, prophylaxis of cancer.So swamp eel is called the fish of the healthy life that promotes the well-being of mankind by people.Swamp eel is market situation of selling well at home not only, also is one of fast-selling aquatic products all over the world.At present swamp eel at home the annual requirement in market reach 4,000,000 tons, Japan, Korea S are annual need be from China's import 200,000-300,000 ton.Current, the main source of goods of supply market is supported from natural wild fishing for the artificial grain bin of anti-season.Because the continuous minimizing of growth of requirement and resource causes the market supply day of swamp eel to be becoming tight, price significantly improves.Therefore, a lot of areas of China are culturing the important channel that swamp eel is got rich as rural households.
In recent years; Under numerous scientific and technical personnel and breeding production person's effort; Explored the method for a lot of breed swamp eels, cultured and ecologic breeding like soil-less breeding, cage culture, the breed of miniflow water, industrial aquaculture, plastic tunnel, the intensive culture degree of swamp eel obviously improves.Zhou Tianyuan has set up the pool cultivated swamp eel of a kind of High-Density Holographic ecologic breeding (the ZL patent No.: 98246036.8), can reach the purpose that the high density high yield is propagated swamp eel artificially through the design of ecological culture pond and the method for comprehensive concentrated ecological factor.Method (the application number: 01102790.8) that the pipe-cave type of Li Zhiming invention is cultured swamp eel; It is the bionical cultural technique of a kind of high density; Through at earthworm pond artificial pipe cave and eel collecting furrow; And cultivate intensive weter hyacinth at the water surface, thereby found a kind of place of living in caves of the best for yellow eel, be make yellow eel feed, concentrate dipping, in good time the branch pond, fish for etc. and to manage very convenient effective method.Peng Xiu really waits and has proposed a kind of swamp eel cage culture method and breeding box (application number: 95110362.8); Its invention characteristics are with the net cage location through sterilization; The water surface is placed veil in the case, and the eel kind after the sterilization places in the case, after expelling parasite, promptly gets into normal feeding and management.Along with the continuous exploration of ricefield eel cultivating method, the method for rice field culture of swamp eel has been proposed.Above-mentioned culture of swamp eel pattern has changed traditional breed situation, has all obtained certain benefit, but it is high all to show as investment, and return rate is low, and technical difficulty is big, and management expectancy is high, cultures a series of problems such as risk is big.Therefore; Explore the culture of swamp eel pattern that a kind of novel farmland breeding combines; Utilize space resources and ecological environment of soil in the plant growth to realize plant husbandry and aquaculture multi-win, promote the sustainable development of growth of agricultural efficiency, increasing peasant income and agricultural to have great importance.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to set up a kind of crop-planting and culture of swamp eel innovation mode and technology, changed problems such as traditional ricefield eel cultivating method and farmland simple species plant income are low, can make full use of the farmland cultivated land resource again, improve farmland ecological environment.Characteristics such as this technology can realize disposable input, and is benefited for many years.
The scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is:
A kind of farmland ricefield eel cultivating method is ditching, ridging in the farmland that crop-plantings such as satisfying plantation taro, corn or paddy rice requires, and the furrow width of ridge inter-drain is with arrowband and broadband space; The ditch depth of ridge inter-drain is with shallow ridges and zanjon interval; Keep clear between ditch and the ditch, every ridge is every builds 1-2 slight slope at a distance from 25m-100m, plants plant on the ridge; Throw in the eel kind simultaneously in the ditch and culture swamp eel, place earthworm on the ridge and be used to the swamp eel of feeding.
The furrow width of said ridge inter-drain is with arrowband and broadband space, and the mode that the ditch depth of ridge inter-drain is intervally arranged with shallow ridges and zanjon is that arrowband, shallow ridges-broadband, zanjon-arrowband, shallow ridges are intervally arranged, and communicates between ditch and the ditch.In shallow ridges water more after a little while, swamp eel can swim over to existence in the zanjon water, has reduced agricultural and costs of labor such as filling draining.
The wide cut of said arrowband is 15cm-25cm, and the wide cut in broadband is 25cm-40cm, and the ditch depth of said shallow ridges is 20cm-25cm, and the ditch depth of zanjon is 25cm-40cm.Edge 50cm is 30-60cm with the furrow width of interior ridge inter-drain in the centre distance farmland, and ditch depth is 40-60cm.
Said slight slope height is higher than plane, arable land 0.1m-1.0m, floor space 4.0m
2-10.0m
2About, slight slope requires arrangement to be turtleback shape.When the effect of building slight slope mainly is farmland hypervolia (heavy rain, the farmland is flooded), be used to the earthworm life-saving of feeding swamp eel.
The amount of said input eel kind is every mu of 15-80kg, preferred every mu of 20-30kg.
The amount of said placement earthworm is every mu of 100kg-500kg, preferred every mu of 300-500kg.
Ridge inter-drain domestic demand keeps certain water layer, and preferable, ditch inner aqueous layer height is 5-15cm.The water yield can combine crop to need the regimen condition to control through conventional meanses such as field irrigations more after a little while in the ditch of farmland.
Crop pest management will avoid the use of organic phosphor and chrysanthemum lipid agricultural chemicals like Soviet Unionization 203, dichlorvos and 1605 etc.It is main that crop fertilization requires to use fertilizer, also can carry out the chemical fertilizer fertilising by routine according to the crop demand simultaneously.
Behind the culture of swamp eel, the bamboo basket that can adopt bamboo to slight establishment is collected, and places earthworm in the bamboo basket and lures.Coniform or the L shaped shape of bamboo basket shape need (seeing Fig. 2,3).
The present invention is according to field-crop growth characteristic and swamp eel growth-development law, and combines current ecology, socio-economic development demand and the cover high-efficient solid ecological agriculture development pattern that proposes.It is in line with economic benefit height, easy, the technological grasp easy to operate of management expectancy, characteristics such as profitable on ecology, the farmland ricefield eel cultivating method and the cultural technique that propose simultaneously.Through field trial, this technology can improve survival rate and the output of swamp eel, remarkable in economical benefits.
Effect of the present invention is embodied in the following aspects:
1: the swamp eel output capacity is high: every mu farmland ricefield eel year output capacity be more than 1: 3.
2: convenient management: swamp eel is placed easy, only need put into the farmland ditch to the eel kind, earthworm is put on the ridge and get final product, can increase to the arable land as required and execute stalk, organic manure and supply that earthworm is edible to breed technological grasp easy to operate.
3: good in economic efficiency: every mu of farmland ricefield eel is cultured net profit and can be reached more than 3000 yuan, and can reduce eel kind cost after 1 year, and therefore, the later stage economic benefit is more remarkable.
4: profitable on ecology: farmland ricefield eel aquaculture model of the present invention and supporting technology are not only applicable to paddy field, are applicable to multiple agricultural phase structures such as drought living taro field, corn field yet.Because the earthworm swamp eel of feeding is put in the farmland in a suitable place to breed, can make loosing soil, increase soil fertility, simultaneously because a large amount of organic manure that use have reduced fertilizer amount and the uses of having avoided agricultural chemicals such as organic phosphor.Therefore, this method has preserves the ecological environment, and improves the effect of crop quality.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: culture of swamp eel farmland engineering drawing
1: farmland marginal ditch band 2: furrow ridge, farmland band 3: the narrow ditch band 4 in farmland: farmland zanjon band
Fig. 2: coniform swamp eel harvester figure
1: the basket mouth 2 of gathering: the anti-escape hatch 3 of gathering: at the bottom of the basket
Fig. 3: L shaped shape swamp eel harvester figure
1: the basket mouth 2 of gathering: the anti-escape hatch 3 of gathering: basket top
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Require to carry out ditching, ridging according to crop-plantings such as taro, corn and paddy rice.The ridge inter-drain with arrowband, shallow ridges-broadband, zanjon-arrowband, shallow ridges by turns.Arrowband wide cut 15cm-25cm is a band, shallow ridges ditch depth 20cm-25cm; The broadband wide cut is greater than 25cm-40cm, and the zanjon ditch depth is greater than 25cm-40cm.Apart from furrow width 30 ~ 60cm in the field, the left and right sides, one meter, edge, farmland, ditch depth 40 ~ 60cm (as shown in Figure 1).Keep clear between ditch and the ditch.1-2 slight slope built at a distance from 25m-100m length in every ridge, and the slight slope height is higher than plane, arable land 0.1m-1.0m, area 4.0m
2-10.0m
2About, slight slope requires arrangement to be turtleback shape.Ridge inter-drain domestic demand keeps certain water layer, and the water yield can combine crop to need the regimen condition to control through conventional meanses such as field irrigations more after a little while in the ditch of farmland.Plant plant on the ridge, culture swamp eel in the ditch.Every mu of farmland ricefield eel placement amount is 15-80kg, places earthworm 100kg-500kg and is used to the swamp eel of feeding, and swamp eel is put in the ditch, and earthworm is put on the ridge.Crop pest management will avoid the use of Soviet Unionization 203, dichlorvos, organic phosphor and chrysanthemum lipid agricultural chemicals such as 1605, and it is main that crop fertilization requires to use fertilizer, also can carry out the chemical fertilizer fertilising by routine according to the crop demand simultaneously.After 1 year, the bamboo basket that adopts bamboo to slight establishment is collected, and places earthworm in the bamboo basket and lures.
Can find out that from table 1 different earthworms are put quantity in a suitable place to breed to swamp eel yield effect difference, drop under the 40kg par every mu of swamp eel, the contrast field piece finished product swamp eel output of not throwing in earthworm is 87kg/666.7m
2, the earthworm injected volume is 100kg/666.7m
2, 200kg/666.7m
2, 300kg/666.7m
2, 400kg/666.7m
2And 500kg/666.7m
2Finished product swamp eel output reaches 98kg/667m respectively
2, 109kg/666.7m
2, 128kg/666.7m
2, 143kg/666.7m
2And 157kg/666.7m
2It is thus clear that swamp eel output also increases with the increase output of earthworm injected volume thereupon.The earthworm injected volume is 300kg/666.7m
2, 400kg/666.7m
2And 500kg/666.7m
2The swamp eel output of handling is compared with control treatment and is reached utmost point significant difference level, so the preferred every mu of 300-500kg of earthworm injected volume.
The different earthworm stocking rates of table 1 are to the influence of swamp eel output
| Handle | Swamp eel output kg/666.7m 2 |
| Ck (earthworm of not feeding) | 87aA |
| 100 | 101abA |
| 200 | 116bB |
| 300 | 139cBC |
| 400 | 151cdC |
| 500 | 159cdC |
Annotate: numeral back upper and lower case letter is represented significant difference on 0.01 and 0.05 level respectively.
Table 2 has carried out the influence of different eel kind injected volumes to swamp eel output.At every mu of earthworm injected volume 300kg/666.7m
2Under the par, different eel kind injected volumes are different to the influence of swamp eel output, and swamp eel output does not increase with injected volume.When the less level of swamp eel injected volume, the swamp eel monomer weight is big, produces and throws than higher.Like the swamp eel injected volume is 20kg/666.7m
2And 30kg/666.7m
2Produce during level and throw than be respectively 1: 5.1 and 1: 4.4, and the swamp eel injected volume is 50kg/666.7m
2The time, swamp eel produce to be thrown than being 1: 2.76, so the preferred every mu of 20-30kg of the injected volume of swamp eel eel kind.
The different eel kind of table 2 injected volume is to the influence of swamp eel output
| Handle | Swamp eel output kg/666.7m 2 |
| 20 | 102 |
| 30 | 131 |
| 40 | 139 |
| 50 | 138 |
Test shows, taro field, corn field and paddy field all can adopt said method to culture swamp eel, every mu farmland ricefield eel year output capacity be more than 1: 3, wherein the swamp eel annual production in taro field is the highest.
Claims (7)
1. a farmland ricefield eel cultivating method is ditching, ridging in the farmland of satisfying the requirement of plantation taro or corn planting, and the furrow width of ridge inter-drain is with arrowband and broadband space; The ditch depth of ridge inter-drain keeps clear between ditch and the ditch with shallow ridges and zanjon interval, and the arrangement mode of said ridge inter-drain is the mode that is intervally arranged of arrowband shallow ridges-broadband zanjon-arrowband shallow ridges; The wide cut of said arrowband is 15cm-25cm; The wide cut in broadband is 25cm-40cm, and the ditch depth of said shallow ridges is 20cm-25cm, and the ditch depth of zanjon is 25cm-40cm; Centre distance farmland edge 50cm is 30-60cm with the furrow width of interior ridge inter-drain; Ditch depth is 40-60cm, and every ridge is every builds 1-2 slight slope at a distance from 25m-100m, and said slight slope height is higher than plane, arable land 0.1m-1.0m, area 4.0m
2-10.0m
2, the slight slope arrangement is planted plant for turtleback shape on the ridge, throw in the eel kind simultaneously in the ditch and culture swamp eel, places earthworm on the ridge and is used to the swamp eel of feeding.
2. farmland ricefield eel cultivating method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the amount of said input eel kind is every mu of 15-80kg.
3. like the said farmland ricefield eel cultivating method of claim 2, it is characterized in that the amount of said input eel kind is every mu of 20-30kg.
4. farmland ricefield eel cultivating method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the amount of said placement earthworm is every mu of 100kg-500kg.
5. like the said farmland ricefield eel cultivating method of claim 4, it is characterized in that the amount of said placement earthworm is every mu of 300kg-500kg.
6. farmland ricefield eel cultivating method according to claim 1 is characterized in that crop pest management will avoid the use of organic phosphor or chrysanthemum lipid agricultural chemicals, and it is main that crop fertilization requires to use fertilizer.
7. farmland ricefield eel cultivating method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, behind the culture of swamp eel, the bamboo basket that adopts bamboo to slight establishment is collected, and places earthworm in the bamboo basket and lures.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010101141282A CN101773088B (en) | 2010-02-25 | 2010-02-25 | Farmland ricefield eel cultivating method |
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| CN103355231B (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2015-07-08 | 浙江德清泰丰生态农业开发有限公司 | Eel-rice symbiotic cultivation method |
| CN104335931A (en) * | 2013-08-03 | 2015-02-11 | 陈裕芳 | Rice field rice eel breeding method |
| CN103609497B (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2015-06-03 | 简阳市大众养殖有限责任公司 | Method for breeding ecological finless eels by using rice fields |
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