CN101760811B - Seed cotton foreign fiber cleaning machine - Google Patents
Seed cotton foreign fiber cleaning machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN101760811B CN101760811B CN2009101133989A CN200910113398A CN101760811B CN 101760811 B CN101760811 B CN 101760811B CN 2009101133989 A CN2009101133989 A CN 2009101133989A CN 200910113398 A CN200910113398 A CN 200910113398A CN 101760811 B CN101760811 B CN 101760811B
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 title abstract description 45
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域:Technical field:
本发明涉及一种机采籽棉加工环节针对异性纤维进行分离剔除的籽棉异性纤维清理机。The invention relates to a seed cotton foreign fiber cleaning machine for separating and removing foreign fibers in the machine-harvested seed cotton processing link.
背景技术:Background technique:
棉花中的异性纤维是指在籽棉生产、加工和流通过程中混入棉花中的对棉花及其制品质量有严重影响的非棉纤维,如化学纤维、毛发、丝、塑料膜(绳)、染色线(绳、布块)等,有色纤维、化学纤维、毛发俗称″三丝″。混入籽棉中的异性纤维,容易被打碎成散落单纤维,在纺织加工中难以清除。纺纱时,散落单纤维容易使棉纱断头,降低生产效率;织布时,影响布面质量;染色时,因着色不同,影响外观,对棉纱和布面的质量造成了很大危害。因印染棉布、棉纱时,棉纤维与异性纤维着色率不一致,导致棉纺布料染色时出现明显″疵点″和色斑,造成大批残次品,直接影响正常的生产秩序和外贸出口。Foreign fibers in cotton refer to non-cotton fibers that are mixed into cotton during the production, processing and circulation of seed cotton and have a serious impact on the quality of cotton and its products, such as chemical fibers, hair, silk, plastic film (rope), dyed thread (rope, cloth), etc., colored fibers, chemical fibers, and hair are commonly known as "three silks". Foreign fibers mixed into seed cotton are easily broken into scattered single fibers, which are difficult to remove in textile processing. During spinning, scattered single fibers are easy to break the cotton yarn and reduce production efficiency; during weaving, it affects the quality of the cloth surface; during dyeing, due to different coloring, it affects the appearance, causing great harm to the quality of cotton yarn and cloth surface. When printing and dyeing cotton cloth and cotton yarn, the coloring rate of cotton fibers and foreign fibers is inconsistent, resulting in obvious "defects" and stains when dyeing cotton fabrics, resulting in a large number of defective products, directly affecting the normal production order and foreign trade exports.
由于新疆特殊的地膜栽培模式导致机采过程中缠绕混入大量的地膜。残留地膜的大量混入,是导致机采籽棉异性纤维含量超标,质量等级下降的主要因素之一。随着机采面积的逐年增加,机采棉加工质量亟待提高。现有机采棉清花设备无法有效剔除残膜等异性纤维,同时经多道清杂工艺使得残膜被打碎混入皮棉,这样更增加了后续纺织企业除杂的难度。Due to the special plastic film cultivation mode in Xinjiang, a large amount of plastic film is entangled and mixed in during machine harvesting. A large amount of residual mulch is mixed in, which is one of the main factors that lead to the excessive foreign fiber content of machine-harvested seed cotton and the decline of quality grade. With the increasing area of machine-picked cotton year by year, the quality of machine-picked cotton processing needs to be improved urgently. Existing cleaning equipment for organic cotton harvesting cannot effectively remove foreign fibers such as residual film. At the same time, after multiple cleaning processes, the residual film is broken and mixed into lint, which makes it more difficult for subsequent textile enterprises to remove impurities.
目前市场上出现的国内外产品来看,棉花中异性纤维的分离处理研究主要集中在轧花后纺织行业皮棉的开清棉工序中,如中国专利号为97241543.2所公开的风选式多级籽棉清理机,中国专利号为200520144106.5的专利所公开的带排异功能的籽棉清理机,机械结构相对复杂,主要是针对棉花中的颖壳、枝叶、石子等杂质进行清理,而针对机采籽棉的残膜等异性纤维的分拣研究尚少见诸报道,目前机采籽棉残膜分拣许多依靠人工进行,劳动强度大,费时费力,同时严重阻碍了机采棉技术的推广进程。目前采用的清理机结构复杂,增加了生产制造成本,且多采用转网式或旋风式籽棉分离器,在实际使用过程中,出现棉纤维损伤、易形成棉条等弊端。From the domestic and foreign products that appear on the market at present, the research on the separation and treatment of foreign fibers in cotton is mainly concentrated in the process of opening and cleaning lint in the textile industry after ginning, such as the winnowing type multi-stage seed cotton disclosed in Chinese Patent No. 97241543.2 Cleaning machine, the Chinese patent No. 200520144106.5 discloses a seed cotton cleaning machine with a function of rejection. The mechanical structure is relatively complicated. There are few reports on the sorting of foreign fibers such as residual film. At present, most of the residual film sorting of machine-picked seed cotton is carried out manually, which is labor-intensive, time-consuming, and labor-intensive. At the same time, it seriously hinders the promotion process of machine-picked cotton technology. The structure of the cleaning machine currently used is complex, which increases the manufacturing cost, and most of them use rotary screen or cyclone seed cotton separators. In the actual use process, there are disadvantages such as damage to cotton fibers and easy formation of sliver.
发明内容:Invention content:
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种结构简单、使用方便、不易造成籽棉纤维损伤,能有效剔除机采籽棉中的地膜等轻质异性纤维的籽棉异性纤维清理机。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a seed cotton foreign fiber cleaning machine that is simple in structure, easy to use, not easy to cause damage to seed cotton fibers, and can effectively remove light foreign fibers such as mulch in machine-harvested seed cotton.
所述籽棉异性纤维清理机,包括机腔体2、机架4,机腔体2上部设有异纤出口1、进料口3,下部设有出料口6,其特征在于机腔体2内横向设有网状大滚筒9、网状小滚筒10,网状大滚筒9与网状小滚筒10为相邻设置,且它们的转动方向相同,在所述出料口6处设有卸料闭风器5。The seed cotton foreign fiber cleaning machine includes a
所述的机腔体2外部设有电机7,所述电机7与网状大滚筒9、网状小滚筒10通过传动装置相连接。The outside of the
所述的传动装置为皮带传动,也可以为链传动。The transmission device is a belt transmission, and may also be a chain transmission.
工作过程如下:The working process is as follows:
当带有异性纤维的籽棉在风力的作用下,被吹到网状滚筒时,利用二者在一定孔径网状滚筒上形成的压差的区别,地膜等异性纤维被紧压在在网状滚筒上,随着网状滚筒的转动,在网状大滚筒与网状小滚筒的网格缝隙中穿过,被风从上部异性纤维出口吹出,大部分籽棉在重力作用下从出料口输出,小部分被带到上方,被同向转动的网状小滚筒剥落,在空气流场的作用下,使混有少量异性纤维棉花在机腔体内进入循环流化状态,使二者进一步分离,异性纤维从上端的异纤出口输出,分离后积累到一定程度的籽棉在重力作用下从下端的出料口输出。When the seed cotton with foreign fibers is blown to the mesh drum under the action of wind force, using the difference in pressure difference between the two on the mesh drum with a certain aperture, the foreign fibers such as the mulch are pressed tightly on the mesh drum. On the top, with the rotation of the mesh drum, it passes through the mesh gap between the large mesh drum and the small mesh drum, and is blown out from the upper foreign fiber outlet by the wind, and most of the seed cotton is output from the outlet under the action of gravity. A small part is brought to the top and peeled off by the small mesh rollers rotating in the same direction. Under the action of the air flow field, the cotton mixed with a small amount of foreign fibers enters a circulating fluidized state in the machine cavity, so that the two are further separated. The fiber is output from the foreign fiber outlet at the upper end, and the seed cotton accumulated to a certain extent after separation is output from the outlet at the lower end under the action of gravity.
本发明利用了滚筒正负压差技术:当气流将物料由进料口带到机腔体内时,带有异性纤维的籽棉在风力的作用下,被吹到网状滚筒外表面,由于棉花和残膜的比表面积不同,在网状滚筒内外表面产生正负压力差,又由于籽棉和残膜的孔隙率不同,残膜附在网状滚筒上随网状滚筒转动向上运动,而籽棉则从网状滚筒表面脱落向下运动,在气流作用下实现二者有效分离。The invention utilizes the positive and negative pressure difference technology of the drum: when the air flow brings the material into the machine cavity from the feed port, the seed cotton with foreign fibers is blown to the outer surface of the mesh drum under the action of wind force, due to the cotton and The specific surface area of the residual film is different, and a positive and negative pressure difference is generated on the inner and outer surfaces of the mesh drum, and because the porosity of the seed cotton and the residual film is different, the residual film is attached to the mesh drum and moves upward with the rotation of the mesh drum, while the seed cotton moves upward from the mesh drum. The surface of the mesh drum falls off and moves downward, and the two are effectively separated under the action of airflow.
与现有技术相比,本发明结构简单,制造成本低,在使用过程中不易造成籽棉纤维损伤,方便实用,能有效剔除机采籽棉中的地膜等轻质异性纤维。Compared with the prior art, the invention has simple structure, low manufacturing cost, is not easy to cause damage to the seed cotton fibers during use, is convenient and practical, and can effectively remove light foreign fibers such as mulch in machine-harvested seed cotton.
附图说明:Description of drawings:
图1为本发明实施例1的结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of
图2为图1中网状大滚筒俯视的结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a structural schematic view of the large mesh drum in Fig. 1 viewed from above.
图中所示1为异纤出口,2为机腔体,3为进料口,4为机架,5为卸料闭风器,6为出料口,7为电机,8为传动皮带,9为网状大滚筒,10为网状小滚筒。As shown in the figure, 1 is the foreign fiber outlet, 2 is the machine cavity, 3 is the feeding port, 4 is the frame, 5 is the unloading air locker, 6 is the discharge port, 7 is the motor, 8 is the transmission belt, 9 is a large reticulated cylinder, and 10 is a small reticulated cylinder.
具体实施方式:Detailed ways:
实施例1:Example 1:
参照附图1、图2,本实施例包括机腔体2、机架4,机腔体2上部设有异纤出口1、进料口3,底部设有出料口6,机腔体2内横向设有网状大滚筒9、网状小滚筒10,网状大滚筒9与网状小滚筒10为相邻设置,且它们的转动方向相同,网状小滚筒10设于网状大滚筒9右侧斜上方,在所述出料口6处设有卸料闭风器5。With reference to accompanying
所述的机腔体2外部的机架4上固定设有电机7,所述电机7与网状大滚筒9、网状小滚筒10通过皮带传动。The
网状大滚筒9与网状小滚筒10均由筛网构成。电机7可变频调速。The
实施例2:Example 2:
与实施例1相比,本实施例不同地方在于所述电机7与网状大滚筒9、网状小滚筒10通过链传动。Compared with
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CN103111419B (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2015-03-11 | 石河子大学 | Matched plastic film residue separation device for cotton picker |
CN105880163A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-08-24 | 石河子大学 | Foreign fiber separation device matched with self-propelled cotton picker |
CN106968028B (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2018-10-26 | 重庆天运汽车配件有限公司 | The opener that liquidates of auto sound cotton |
CN111485301A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-08-04 | 石河子大学 | Unloading type seed cotton foreign fiber cleaning machine |
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