CN101755176B - 冰箱以及用于冰箱的蒸发器 - Google Patents

冰箱以及用于冰箱的蒸发器 Download PDF

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CN101755176B
CN101755176B CN2008801000266A CN200880100026A CN101755176B CN 101755176 B CN101755176 B CN 101755176B CN 2008801000266 A CN2008801000266 A CN 2008801000266A CN 200880100026 A CN200880100026 A CN 200880100026A CN 101755176 B CN101755176 B CN 101755176B
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channel part
evaporimeter
point
channel
refrigerator
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CN101755176A (zh
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W·纽伊丁
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BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/02Evaporators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/047Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F28D1/0477Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits being bent in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/14Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally
    • F28F1/22Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/12Elements constructed in the shape of a hollow panel, e.g. with channels
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/02Details of evaporators
    • F25B2339/023Evaporators consisting of one or several sheets on one face of which is fixed a refrigerant carrying coil
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/01Geometry problems, e.g. for reducing size
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B5/00Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
    • F25B5/02Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2210/00Heat exchange conduits
    • F28F2210/02Heat exchange conduits with particular branching, e.g. fractal conduit arrangements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2210/00Heat exchange conduits
    • F28F2210/10Particular layout, e.g. for uniform temperature distribution

Abstract

一种冰箱,包括至少一个存储舱室以及制冷剂回路,其中所述制冷剂回路包含所述板形蒸发器,所述蒸发器的制冷剂通道(1)设成至少两个用于至少一个冷却存储舱室的通道部(4、5),各所述通道部在所述制冷剂回路中以并行的方式布置并且包括间隔开的重心(9、10)。

Description

冰箱以及用于冰箱的蒸发器
技术领域
本发明涉及冰箱,其中所述冰箱包括至少一个存储舱室以及制冷剂回路,其中所述制冷剂回路包括用于冷却所述存储舱室的蒸发器,并且本发明还涉及用于这种冰箱的蒸发器。
背景技术
这种蒸发器传统地包括一板,在所述板上,制冷剂管以环路(loop)的方式从注入点延伸至排出点。各环路在大多数情况下以规则的间隔布置,在蒸发器的安装方位中从上到下连续地布置,从而如果在冷却阶段的开始时制冷剂被注入到蒸发器内,则液态制冷剂及其制冷作用遍及整个蒸发器表面从上到下逐渐延伸。在蒸发器表面被相同地冷却之前,可以经历几分钟。蒸发器的板和/或蒸发器的管长度越大,则这种效应就越强烈,并且蒸发器表面上换热强度就越大。这导致了在制冷剂回路的每次操作阶段的开始时仅仅在蒸发器表面的一部分上出现有效换热。这延长了制冷剂回路的操作持续时间,而这种延长是为了将特定的热量从存储舱室消散所必须的,并且因而消极地影响了冰箱的能耗。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提出一种具有改进的能耗的冰箱以及适用于这种冰箱的蒸发器。
该目的一方面得以实现在于一种冰箱,其中所述冰箱包括至少一个存储舱室以及制冷剂回路,所述制冷剂回路包括蒸发器,在所述蒸发器上形成至少两个用于冷却存储舱室的通道部,所述通道部在所述制冷剂回路内并行相连并且具有间隔开的重心。平行的回路使得两个通道部在启动制冷剂回路之后同时供应有液体制冷剂;因为它们包括间隔开的重心,并且分别在蒸发器的不同的区域上将其制冷作用集中。从而在冷却操作的开始就获得蒸发器上的冷却能量的更加均匀的分布,以使得冷却操作的开始与整个蒸发器的均匀冷却之间的时间跨度被减小。
该效果越明显,则通道部的重心彼此间隔就越大;重心之间的距离因而大于蒸发器表面面积与在蒸发器上延伸的制冷剂管的长度之比。在极端的情况中,各通道部的分开可以使得在由蒸发器的一个和另一个通道部所冷却的区域之间划分出界限,其中各所述区域并不比蒸发器的总边缘长度长。
同样有利的是最初在蒸发器的间隔开的区域内使用制冷作用并且从那里传播遍及蒸发器表面。各通道部有利地布置成通道部的上游开始点与该通道部的距蒸发器的中心点最远的点之间的管长度在至少一个通道部上短于所述距蒸发器的中心点最远的点与同一通道部的下游结束点之间的管长度。
为了确保各通道部上的冷却能力的相同分布,有利的是在各通道部的上游布置共用的节流点。节流点的可能与制造有关的分散的流阻不会影响通道部上的制冷剂的分布。
优选在蒸发器本身的板上设置形成通道部的上游开始点的分支部。仅仅一个供应管必须与蒸发器板相连,从而将制冷剂供应至所有通道部。
相应地对于制冷剂的分流有利的是,在蒸发器板上同样设置形成通道部的下游结束点的接合部。
为了在通道部内可以分布同样的制冷能力,优选所述通道部具有同样的流阻。所有通道部不必具有相同的长度或相同的横截面,但是较短的通道部应该比较长的通道部具有更小的横截面,从而抵消流阻。
本发明的目的还通过一种用于冰箱的蒸发器实现,在所述蒸发器内,与共用的注入点并联的通道部在蒸发器板上设置。
附图说明
参照附图从示意性实施例的以下说明将清楚本发明的其它优点和特点,其中:
图1示出了用于具有单个存储舱室的冰箱的根据本发明的蒸发器的示意性视图;并且
图2示出了本发明的蒸发器的第二实施例。
具体实施方式
图1示出了用于具有单个存储舱室的冰箱的蒸发器的示意性俯视图,其中所述冰箱例如为制冷装置或冰柜。蒸发器可以以本领域技术人员已知的方式由平板组装而成,其中管可以作为制冷剂通道1被紧固在所述板上,或者制冷剂通道1被印刻(impress)在所述板上。在本实施例中,第二种情况是优选的,这是因为它们有助于如下更加详细所述的分支的制冷剂通道的制造。在制冷剂通道1上,引向制冷装置的压缩机的吸入管11在板的左上角部处的连接点上终止。供到该吸入管中的毛细管2在注入点12处紧密地插入到制冷剂通道1的缩窄开口中。蒸发器例如在冰箱的后壁中、在内部容器与绝热泡沫层之间被安装,而该平板面向所述内部容器。然而,本发明还可以应用于在电冰箱的内部容器中布置的并在那里包围冷冻舱室的蒸发器。
在注入点12的下游处在制冷剂通道1中形成分支部3,在所述分支部1 3处,制冷剂流分入到两个通道部4、5中。通道部4基本上充满了蒸发器板的上半部并且多个U形环路/环路接头的方式延伸至接合部6,在该接合部,所述通道部4与所述通道部5再次相交。通道部5首先从分支部3沿蒸发器板的边缘延伸至下侧边缘,从那里所述通道部5同样通至接合部6,因而形成了各环路。对于两个通道部4、5,分支部3与最远离板和/或通道部的中心点C的通道部的点7和/或8之间的管长度基本上小于从点7和/或8至汇合点的距离。对于两个通道部4、5,分支部3与最远离板的中心点C的点7和/或8之间的管长度基本上短于从点7和/或8至接合部6的距离。如果蒸发器施加有制冷剂,则在板上的两个间隔开的点上的冷却效果迅速调节并且从两个方向朝向板的中心延伸。整个板被迅速冷却。
通道部4、5的重心9、1 0之间的距离比通道部4、5的相邻平行部件之间的距离d大一倍,并且也显著大于板表面面积与其上延伸的制冷剂通道1的总长度之比。
图2示出了蒸发器的第二实施例。尽管利用如图1所示的实施例,在基本上由通道部4冷却的板的上半部与唯一地由通道部5冷却的板的下半部之间可以出现明显的区别,但是这种明显的区别在如图2所示的实施例中不会出现。蒸发器板的上半部同样基本上在那里仅仅由通道部4冷却,而沿板的右上边缘的通道部5以最短的路径通至板下半部,各个通道部4、5然而在该下半部内基本上彼此相邻地延伸。然而,效果类似于图1的实施例。因为通道部5没有迂回地达到板的下半部,所以所述通道部5在制冷剂开始流经蒸发器之后以一最小延迟地、在液体制冷剂借助于通道部4达到板下半部很久之前地而冷却板的下半部。冷却效果因而还最初从板的上边缘延伸并在此后立刻(从下)向上遍及整个板表面。
因为通道部4、5并不在它们的整个长度之内彼此相邻地延伸,所以通道部4、5的重心9、1 0同样彼此明显地间隔一距离。
尽管在图1的情况中通道部4、5具有基本上相同的长度,但是在图2的实施例中,通道部5比通道部4明显更短。为了确保制冷剂的以及因此两个通道部4、5上的冷却能力的相同的分布,通道部5的管横截面小于通道部4的管横截面。通过考虑到通道部4、5的长度,可以将这两个通道部4、5选择成具有同样的流阻。考虑到通道部5的各环路在板表面的小于一半的区域内延伸,并且板下半部附加地在停机操作(stationary operation)的过程中通过通道部4被冷却,通道部5的流阻然而还被选择成高于通道部4的流阻。

Claims (9)

1.一种冰箱,包括至少一个由板形蒸发器冷却的存储舱室以及制冷剂回路,其中所述制冷剂回路包含所述板形蒸发器,所述蒸发器的制冷剂通道(1)分成至少两个用于冷却存储舱室的通道部(4、5),各所述通道部在所述制冷剂回路中以并联的方式布置并且各所述通道部的重心(9、10)彼此间隔开,其特征在于,所述重心(9、10)彼此之间的距离大于所述蒸发器的表面面积与制冷剂通道(1)的长度之比。
2.根据权利要求1所述的冰箱,其特征在于,在至少一个通道部(4、5)上,所述通道部(4、5)的上游开始点(3)与所述通道部(4、5)的距所述板形蒸发器的中心点(C)最远的点(7、8)之间的管长度短于所述距蒸发器的中心点最远的点(7、8)与所述通道部(4、5)的下游结束点(6)之间的管长度。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的冰箱,其特征在于,在各所述通道部(4、5)的上游设置共用的节流点(2)。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的冰箱,其特征在于,所述板形蒸发器包括分支部(3),所述分支部形成各所述通道部(4、5)的上游开始点。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的冰箱,其特征在于,所述板形蒸发器包括接合部(6),所述接合部形成各所述通道部(4、5)的下游结束点。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的冰箱,其特征在于,各所述通道部(4、5)具有相同的流阻。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的冰箱,其特征在于,各所述通道部分中的较短的通道部(5)与各所述通道部分中的较长的通道部(4)相比具有更小的管横截面。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的冰箱,其特征在于,所述板形蒸发器在所述冰箱中直立设置。
9.一种用于根据前述权利要求任一所述的冰箱的蒸发器,其特征在于,与共用的注入点(12)相连的各通道部(4、5)以并联的方式在蒸发器板上设置。
CN2008801000266A 2007-07-24 2008-07-09 冰箱以及用于冰箱的蒸发器 Expired - Fee Related CN101755176B (zh)

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EP2171373A1 (de) 2010-04-07
DE102007034294A1 (de) 2009-01-29
CN101755176A (zh) 2010-06-23
WO2009013130A1 (de) 2009-01-29
EP2171373B1 (de) 2015-09-09
RU2010104627A (ru) 2011-08-27
PL2171373T3 (pl) 2016-02-29
RU2477427C2 (ru) 2013-03-10

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