CN101748246A - Method for prolonging service life of insertion tube of vacuum circulation degassing furnace - Google Patents
Method for prolonging service life of insertion tube of vacuum circulation degassing furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN101748246A CN101748246A CN200810229738A CN200810229738A CN101748246A CN 101748246 A CN101748246 A CN 101748246A CN 200810229738 A CN200810229738 A CN 200810229738A CN 200810229738 A CN200810229738 A CN 200810229738A CN 101748246 A CN101748246 A CN 101748246A
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- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 title description 52
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 title description 52
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
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- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于冶金生产炉外精炼技术领域，特别涉及一种真空循环脱气炉插入管寿命提高的方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of out-of-furnace refining in metallurgical production, and in particular relates to a method for improving the service life of an insertion tube of a vacuum circulation degassing furnace.
背景技术Background technique
在连铸生产过程中，真空处理是一种在深真空条件下脱碳、脱氧、脱气、合金化的一种处理工艺，对插入管的要求极为苛刻。目前，现有的插入管一般是由镁铬砖、钢结构、浇注料等材料构成，存在的主要问题是使用寿命低，平均寿命仅为38炉/次，由此造成真空室提前下线维修。主要原因有：一是插入管结构不合理，镁铬砖、钢结构、浇注料等之间膨胀系数差异大，浇注料内部设置的锚爪布置方向相对单一，局部方向应力集中，得不到有效释放，不能很好消除它们之间各个方向的应力。在钢水条件下连续化生产，导致刚玉浇注料产生裂纹后脱落，托砖环处镁铬砖脱落。二是由于钢水顶渣中富集大量的FeO、MnO，氧化性非常强，强氧化性的顶渣与真空室插入管接触，造成插入管耐火材料被逐渐侵蚀；加上高温钢水对相对低温的插入管强烈的热镇作用，导致真空室插入管寿命长期以来一直是生产的限制性环节。尤其是生产超低碳钢，由于钢水顶渣中FeO、MnO含量较高，对刚玉质浇注料以及镁铬砖侵蚀非常严重，现有技术的刚玉质浇注料中Al2O3成分含量为85％，镁铬砖中铬含量为20％，已不能满足要求。三是插入管在连续化生产过程中的维护方法不科学。插入管使用几次后必须要对内、外管耐材部分进行修补维护。现有技术修补插入管的方法是通过喷补机将喷补料和水的混合物喷到插入管内外表面，但由于机器喷补自身的缺点，插入管下口等重点侵蚀部位无法进行喷补。因此，利用机械喷补后的插入管实际效果不好，修补层起不到保护作用。经过钢水冲涮后，从插入管下口为产生缺陷的起始点，不断进行扩展，随之带来了插入管寿命低下的问题曝露，成为影响超低碳钢生产的主要因素，严重影响正常生产。In the continuous casting production process, vacuum treatment is a treatment process of decarburization, deoxidation, degassing and alloying under deep vacuum conditions, which has extremely strict requirements on the insertion tube. At present, the existing insertion tubes are generally composed of magnesia-chrome bricks, steel structures, castables and other materials. The main problem is that the service life is low, and the average service life is only 38 furnaces/time, which causes the vacuum chamber to be offline for maintenance in advance . The main reasons are as follows: First, the structure of the insertion tube is unreasonable, the expansion coefficients of magnesia-chrome bricks, steel structures, castables, etc. differ greatly, and the arrangement direction of the anchor claws set inside the castables is relatively single, and the stress in the local direction is concentrated, so that effective Release, can not well eliminate the stress in all directions between them. Continuous production under the condition of molten steel caused the corundum castable to crack and then fall off, and the magnesia-chrome brick at the brick support ring fell off. Second, due to the fact that a large amount of FeO and MnO are enriched in the top slag of molten steel, the oxidizing property is very strong, and the strong oxidizing top slag is in contact with the insertion tube of the vacuum chamber, causing the refractory material of the insertion tube to be gradually eroded; Due to the strong thermal township of the insertion tube, the life of the vacuum chamber insertion tube has long been the limiting link in production. Especially in the production of ultra - low carbon steel, due to the high content of FeO and MnO in the molten steel top slag, the corrosion of corundum castables and magnesia-chrome bricks is very serious. The content of Al2O3 in the corundum castables of the prior art is 85 %, the chromium content in magnesia-chrome bricks is 20%, which can no longer meet the requirements. The third is that the maintenance method of the insertion tube in the continuous production process is unscientific. After the insertion tube has been used several times, the refractory parts of the inner and outer tubes must be repaired and maintained. The existing method of repairing the insertion pipe is to use a gunning machine to spray the mixture of gunning material and water onto the inner and outer surfaces of the insertion pipe. However, due to the shortcomings of the machine gunning itself, the key erosion parts such as the lower opening of the insertion pipe cannot be gunned. Therefore, the actual effect of the insertion tube after mechanical gunning is not good, and the repair layer does not have a protective effect. After rinsing with molten steel, starting from the bottom of the insertion tube as the starting point of the defect, it continues to expand, and the problem of low service life of the insertion tube is exposed, which becomes the main factor affecting the production of ultra-low carbon steel and seriously affects normal production. .
另外，从下线的真空室插入管的缺陷机理分析，还有一个原因就是由于插入管与底部槽结合面对接不合理，造成钢水进入结合部，形成起始缺陷点。In addition, from the analysis of the defect mechanism of the insertion tube in the off-line vacuum chamber, another reason is that the joint surface between the insertion tube and the bottom groove is unreasonable, causing molten steel to enter the joint and form an initial defect point.
为了解决真空室插入管生产超低碳钢寿命低的问题，需要对插入管本体质量、生产工艺过程控制、插入管使用后的喷补维护等方面进行细致有效的控制。In order to solve the problem of low service life of ultra-low carbon steel produced by vacuum chamber insertion tubes, it is necessary to carefully and effectively control the quality of the insertion tube body, the control of the production process, and the gunning maintenance of the insertion tube after use.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是针对现有技术存在的不足而提供了一种提高真空循环脱气炉插入管寿命的方法，根据超低碳钢顶渣中氧化性强的特点，通过对真空循环脱气炉插入管的设计、选材与制作，确保插入管具有高强的抗热镇性能与抗冲刷性能；通过对在线插入管的维护与真空处理工艺优化，实现插入管寿命的提高；通过结合耐火材料与钢水间抗热镇与抗侵蚀的工艺研究，解决了生产超低碳钢插入管寿命低的问题，实现超低碳钢连续化生产。本发明适用于真空处理生产的所有品种，尤其对生产100％超低碳钢品种效果更为显著。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for improving the service life of the insert tube of the vacuum circulation degassing furnace in view of the deficiencies in the prior art. The design, material selection and production of the insertion tube ensure that the insertion tube has high heat resistance and erosion resistance; through the maintenance of the online insertion tube and the optimization of the vacuum treatment process, the life of the insertion tube is improved; through the combination of refractory materials and molten steel The technology research of anti-heat township and anti-corrosion has solved the problem of low service life of the production of ultra-low carbon steel insertion tubes, and realized the continuous production of ultra-low carbon steel. The invention is applicable to all varieties produced by vacuum treatment, especially for producing 100% ultra-low carbon steel varieties, and the effect is more remarkable.
本发明的技术方案包括插入管的结构设计、选材以及维护方法等部分内容：The technical solution of the present invention includes the structural design, material selection and maintenance method of the insertion tube, etc.:
所述插入管的结构，包括镁铬砖、刚玉浇注料、钢结构、锚爪、托砖环、填充料、联接法兰、提升气体管等，其特征在于：The structure of the insertion pipe includes magnesia-chrome bricks, corundum castables, steel structures, anchor claws, brick support rings, fillers, connecting flanges, lifting gas pipes, etc., and is characterized in that:
1.锚爪采用材质为20g的钢筋制作，长度为50～70mm，角度为50～70°，在浇注刚玉料前将其焊接在钢结构件表面，分布在钢结构各个方向，以便消除不同方向产生的应力，防止刚玉浇注料形成裂纹。1. The anchor claw is made of 20g steel bar, the length is 50-70mm, and the angle is 50-70°. Before pouring the corundum material, it is welded on the surface of the steel structure and distributed in all directions of the steel structure to eliminate different directions. The resulting stress prevents the corundum castable from forming cracks.
2.钢结构采用材质为20g的耐热、耐压合金钢，厚度规格为≥25mm，即能保证钢结构框架的稳定性，又有很好的耐压性能。选取合适的厚度，能够保证与内部镁铬砖、外部刚玉浇注料间膨胀系数相匹配，防止产生裂纹、掉砖。2. The steel structure is made of 20g heat-resistant and pressure-resistant alloy steel, and the thickness specification is ≥25mm, which can ensure the stability of the steel structure frame and has good pressure resistance. Selecting an appropriate thickness can ensure that it matches the expansion coefficient between the internal magnesia-chrome brick and the external corundum castable, preventing cracks and falling bricks.
3.插入管内管采用镁铬砖衬于钢结构内部，将镁铬砖中的铬含量控制在20～30％，以确保插入管内部的镁铬砖具有足够的抗击钢水冲刷的能力。3. The inner tube of the insertion tube is lined with magnesia-chrome bricks inside the steel structure, and the chromium content in the magnesia-chrome bricks is controlled at 20-30%, so as to ensure that the magnesia-chrome bricks inside the insertion tube have sufficient ability to resist the erosion of molten steel.
4.刚玉浇注料成分含量重量百分比为：Al2O3≥95％，SiO2≤0.6％，FeO≤0.5％，TiO2≤0.3％，K2O≤0.1％，其中Al2O3成分比现有刚玉浇注料提高了10％，增强刚玉浇注料的热稳定性。由于刚玉浇注料分布在钢结构外侧，与锚爪浇注在一起，在真空处理条件下，必须具有良好的热稳定性，才能够有效防止插入管出现裂纹、掉料、掉砖。4. The weight percentage of the corundum castable composition is: Al 2 O 3 ≥ 95%, SiO 2 ≤ 0.6%, FeO ≤ 0.5%, TiO 2 ≤ 0.3%, K 2 O ≤ 0.1%, where the composition ratio of Al 2 O 3 The existing corundum castable is increased by 10%, and the thermal stability of the corundum castable is enhanced. Since the corundum castable is distributed on the outside of the steel structure and cast together with the anchor fluke, it must have good thermal stability under vacuum treatment conditions to effectively prevent cracks, material drop, and brick drop of the insertion tube.
在插入管与真空室底部槽对接时，首先必须保证真空室底部槽法兰水平度，防止法兰存在偏差造成缝隙大钻钢；其次，必须保证真空室底部槽镁铬砖与插入管上表面镁铬砖的平面度，实现对接后间隙低于钢水表面张力，防止钻钢。When the insertion tube is docked with the bottom groove of the vacuum chamber, the levelness of the flange of the bottom groove of the vacuum chamber must be ensured first to prevent the gap from being large due to the deviation of the flange; The flatness of magnesia-chrome bricks can realize that the gap after butt joint is lower than the surface tension of molten steel to prevent drilling steel.
所述真空循环脱气炉插入管维护方法包括在线热喷补与钢水顶渣热补技术，其特征在于：The maintenance method for the insertion tube of the vacuum circulation degassing furnace includes on-line thermal spray repair and molten steel top slag hot repair technology, which is characterized in that:
1.插入管在线热喷补技术，是采用机械与人工双重喷补，机器喷补可以将插入管大面积进行修补，而对于受钢水冲刷最为严重的下口喷补效果很差，为此再采用人工进行辅助喷补，可对机器所不能喷到的位置进行重点维护，有效地解决了插入管下口侵蚀严重的问题。1. The on-line thermal gunning technology of the insertion pipe adopts both mechanical and manual gunning. The machine gunning can repair a large area of the insertion pipe, but the gunning effect on the lower mouth, which is most severely scoured by molten steel, is very poor. Manual auxiliary gunning can be used to carry out key maintenance on positions that cannot be sprayed by the machine, effectively solving the problem of serious erosion at the bottom of the insertion tube.
2.插入管钢水顶渣热补技术，是在生产超低碳钢间隙时间，利用低硅铝镇静钢进行往复蘸插入管，使插入管内外表面粘有大量的低硅铝镇静钢顶渣，此顶渣中含有约40％以上的Al2O3成分，该顶渣中的各种组元对刚玉质浇注料起到很好的保护作用，另外热渣补中的热量将喷补料与低硅铝镇静钢顶渣烧结在一起，形成一个复合保护层，进一步降低了插入管的侵蚀速度。2. Insertion pipe steel water top slag hot repair technology is to use low-silicon aluminum-killed steel to reciprocate dip the insertion pipe during the interval time of production of ultra-low carbon steel, so that a large amount of low-silicon aluminum-killed steel top slag sticks to the inner and outer surfaces of the insertion pipe, The top slag contains more than 40% Al 2 O 3 components, and various components in the top slag play a good role in protecting the corundum castable. In addition, the heat in the hot slag fills the gunning material with the The low silicon aluminum killed steel top slag is sintered together to form a composite protective layer which further reduces the erosion rate of the inserted pipe.
本发明同现有技术相比具有如下优点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1.结构设计合理，由于锚爪分布在钢结构各个方向，有利于消除不同方向产生的应力，防止刚玉浇注料形成裂纹，确保插入管具有高强的抗热镇性能与抗冲刷性能。1. The structural design is reasonable. Since the anchor claws are distributed in all directions of the steel structure, it is beneficial to eliminate the stress generated in different directions, prevent the corundum castable from forming cracks, and ensure that the insertion tube has high heat resistance and erosion resistance.
2.材质选配得当，钢结构材质选用耐热、耐压合金钢，具有良好的稳定性能及耐压性能，能够保证与内部镁铬砖、外部刚玉浇注料间膨胀系数相匹配，防止产生裂纹、掉砖。2. The material is properly selected. The steel structure is made of heat-resistant and pressure-resistant alloy steel, which has good stability and pressure resistance, and can ensure that the expansion coefficient matches the internal magnesia-chrome brick and the external corundum castable to prevent cracks. , Brick falling.
3.维护技术先进，工艺控制优化，实现插入管寿命的提高，平均寿命由现有技术的38次提高到93次，其中最长寿命达到115次以上，即节约了成本，又降低了维修费用，为企业赢得了可观的经济效益。3. Advanced maintenance technology, optimized process control, and improved service life of the insertion tube. The average service life has been increased from 38 times in the prior art to 93 times, and the longest life has reached more than 115 times, which not only saves costs, but also reduces maintenance costs. , It has won considerable economic benefits for the enterprise.
附图说明Description of drawings
附图为真空循环脱气炉插入管纵向剖面图The accompanying drawing is a longitudinal section view of the insertion tube of the vacuum circulation degassing furnace
图中：1镁铬砖，2刚玉浇注料，3钢结构，4锚爪，5托砖环，6填充料，7联接法兰，8提升气体管。In the figure: 1 magnesia chrome brick, 2 corundum castable, 3 steel structure, 4 anchor claw, 5 brick support ring, 6 filling material, 7 connecting flange, 8 lifting gas pipe.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
根据本发明提供的技术方案并结合附图中的实施例对本发明加以详细描述：The present invention is described in detail according to the technical scheme provided by the present invention and in conjunction with the embodiments in the accompanying drawings:
插入管包括镁铬砖1、刚玉浇注料2、钢结构3、锚爪4、托砖环5、填充料6、联接法兰7、提升气体管8等部件，其中：锚爪4采用20g材质钢筋制成，长度为60mm，角度为60°，分布在钢结构3表面各个方向；钢结构3材质采用20g，厚度规格为25mm；插入管内管采用镁铬砖1衬于钢结构3内部，内衬镁铬砖1当中的铬含量为26％；刚玉浇注料2成分含量(按重量百分比)为：Al2O398.7％，SiO20.5％，FeO 0.4％，TiO20.3％，K2O 0.1％，尺寸设计高度为850mm、厚度为135mm，分布在钢结构3外侧，与锚爪4浇注在一起；提升气体管8分两排共10个、直径为3mm、材质为1Cr18Ni9Ti的不锈钢管，它分布在镁铬砖1内部环形位置，经过钢结构3在刚玉浇注料2内部从上方引出，汇总成一个氩气总管，由此吹入氩气，实现钢水循环，进入真空室底部槽。The insertion tube includes magnesia-chrome brick 1, corundum castable 2, steel structure 3, anchor claw 4, brick support ring 5, filler material 6, connecting flange 7, lifting gas pipe 8 and other components, among which: anchor claw 4 is made of 20g material Made of steel bars, the length is 60mm, the angle is 60°, distributed in all directions on the surface of the steel structure 3; the material of the steel structure 3 is 20g, and the thickness specification is 25mm; The chromium content in magnesia-chrome-lined brick 1 is 26%; the component content (by weight percentage) of corundum castable 2 is: Al 2 O 3 98.7%, SiO 2 0.5%, FeO 0.4%, TiO 2 0.3%, K 2 O 0.1%, with a design height of 850mm and a thickness of 135mm, distributed on the outside of the steel structure 3, and poured together with the anchor claw 4; the lifting gas pipe is divided into two rows of 10 stainless steel pipes with a diameter of 3mm and a material of 1Cr18Ni9Ti, It is distributed in the ring position inside the magnesia-chrome brick 1, and is led out from above inside the corundum castable 2 through the steel structure 3, and is assembled into an argon gas main pipe, from which argon gas is blown in to realize the circulation of molten steel, and enters the bottom groove of the vacuum chamber.
插入管制作工艺，先将托砖环5焊接在钢结构3下部，锚爪4焊接在钢结构3外侧，焊接时要保证锚爪4不同方向；然后将钢结构件3牢固放置水平，镁铬砖1按照各部分位置砌于钢结构3内部，要求砖缝小于0.5mm，砌筑镁铬砖1前与结构件3之间要添加填充料6，自然干燥24小时，将提升气体管8沿着钢结构3安装好，放入插入管浇注模具中浇注刚玉浇注料2，刚玉浇注料2将锚爪4、提升气体管8埋入其中，自然干燥72小时以上，放入干燥炉内进行烘干120小时，浇注料内水分充分排出，使镁铬砖1、刚玉浇注料2、钢结构件3、锚爪4等各部件充分接合。出炉降温后，对插入管与底部环流管结合面进行修磨，保证平整度；再将联接法兰7与真空室底部槽法兰对接，实现对接后间隙小于0.5mm。The production process of the insertion tube, first weld the brick support ring 5 to the lower part of the steel structure 3, and weld the anchor claw 4 to the outside of the steel structure 3, and ensure that the anchor claws 4 are in different directions during welding; then place the steel structure 3 firmly horizontally, magnesium chromium Brick 1 is laid inside the steel structure 3 according to the position of each part, and the brick joint is required to be less than 0.5mm. Before laying the magnesia-chrome brick 1 and the structure 3, filler 6 should be added, and it should be dried naturally for 24 hours. After the steel structure 3 is installed, put it into the casting mold for the insertion pipe and pour the corundum castable 2. The corundum castable 2 embeds the anchor claw 4 and the lifting gas pipe 8 in it, and it is dried naturally for more than 72 hours, and then put into the drying furnace for drying Dry for 120 hours, the water in the castable is fully discharged, so that the magnesia-chrome brick 1, corundum castable 2, steel structure 3, anchor claw 4 and other components are fully joined. After cooling down from the furnace, grind the joint surface of the insertion tube and the bottom circulation tube to ensure flatness; then connect the connecting flange 7 with the flange of the bottom groove of the vacuum chamber, so that the gap after the connection is less than 0.5mm.
插入管的维修是采用在线热喷补与钢水顶渣热补相结合的方法，在真空室生产结束后，立即对插入管进行在线热喷补，选择材质为MgO的复合物对内、外管进行机械加人工喷补，喷补上的料经过3小时烧结，形成喷补料涂层。然后再根据实际插入管的状态采用钢水顶渣热补，利用低硅铝镇静钢进行往复蘸插入管，使插入管内外表面粘有大量的低硅铝镇静钢顶渣，此顶渣中含有50％的Al2O3成分，对刚玉质浇注料起到很好的保护作用。修补后重新组织下一炉次生产，按此种方法循环。The maintenance of the insertion pipe adopts the method of combining on-line hot gunning and molten steel top slag hot repair. After the production of the vacuum chamber is completed, the online hot gunning is carried out on the insertion pipe immediately, and the inner and outer pipes are made of MgO composite. Carry out mechanical and manual gunning, and the gunning material is sintered for 3 hours to form a gunning material coating. Then according to the actual state of the inserted pipe, the molten steel top slag is used for hot repair, and the low silicon aluminum killed steel is used to dip the inserted pipe back and forth, so that the inner and outer surfaces of the inserted pipe are stuck with a large amount of low silicon aluminum killed steel top slag, which contains 50 % Al 2 O 3 composition, which has a good protective effect on corundum castables. After repairing, reorganize the production of the next batch, and cycle in this way.
真空室经过一个炉役期的周转运行，插入管寿命达到102次，考虑真空室底部槽及循环管寿命，进行下线大修更换。The vacuum chamber has undergone a turnover operation for a furnace service period, and the service life of the insertion tube has reached 102 times. Considering the life of the bottom groove of the vacuum chamber and the circulation tube, an off-line overhaul and replacement is carried out.
在生产超低碳钢过程中，由于各种合金及脱氧产物所呈现的酸碱性不同，可以在保证不影响真空处理效果的基础上优化各种合金的加入顺序及循环时间，以减少对插入管耐火材料的影响。In the process of producing ultra-low carbon steel, due to the different acidity and alkalinity of various alloys and deoxidized products, the addition sequence and cycle time of various alloys can be optimized on the basis of ensuring that the vacuum treatment effect is not affected, so as to reduce the impact on the insertion The effect of tube refractories.
试验表明，本发明提供的真空循环脱气炉插入管设计、安装、维护及工艺优化方式是可行的，使用寿命的提高已超过了预期目标，应用效果良好。Tests have shown that the design, installation, maintenance and process optimization of the vacuum circulation degassing furnace insertion tube provided by the present invention are feasible, the service life has been improved beyond the expected goal, and the application effect is good.
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| CN102296159A (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2011-12-28 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for treating blockage of insertion tube |
| CN103114179A (en) * | 2013-03-06 | 2013-05-22 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Insertion tube of vacuum cycle degassing refining furnace and preparation method thereof |
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| FR2822849B1 (en) * | 2001-03-27 | 2003-12-12 | Usinor | VACUUM PROCESSING ENCLOSURE, IN PARTICULAR FOR STEEL DECARBURIZATION |
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