CN101746909B - Method for pretreating machining waste emulsion liquid and equipment therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a pretreatment method and equipment for machining waste emulsion, including five steps of pH value adjustment, demulsification, air flotation, water level adjustment and oil pumping and drainage. Firstly, the waste emulsion is adjusted to be neutral, and then added The demulsifier is stirred by the mixing reaction separator, and after passing through the air flotation, the oil-water layer of the waste emulsion is separated. Finally, oil is pumped from the upper part of the mixing reaction separator, and the lower part is drained to realize the separation of oil and water, and then realize the waste emulsion. Pretreatment, the separated oil can be reused as fuel, etc. to realize waste harmless and resource utilization, save energy and protect the environment, which can bring obvious environmental and economic benefits. The separated water is further purified to make it It meets the national industrial wastewater discharge standard. The equipment used in this method is a mixed reaction separator, which has a simple structure, easy operation, low technical requirements for operators, stable equipment operation, low accident rate, and no sludge blockage or sedimentation during operation. Phenomenon.

Description

Pretreatment method and equipment for machining waste emulsion

Technical field:

The invention relates to the recovery and reuse technology of the emulsion used in the field of mechanical processing, in particular to a pretreatment method and equipment for the waste emulsion used in machining.

Background technique:

With the continuous development of social economy, people pay more and more attention to the quality of the surrounding environment, especially those environmental pollution problems that can cause damage to people's health. Environmental pollution is essentially due to people's insufficient use of resources, resulting in A considerable part of resources are caused by unsuitable discharge into the environment. Therefore, fully recovering various useful resources from industrial wastewater is one of the important measures to reduce environmental pollution.

Emulsion wastewater mainly comes from industries such as mechanical cutting, mining machinery processing, and cold rolling mills. In the process of cutting and rolling metal materials, the emulsion plays the role of condensation, lubrication, and rust prevention. Its main components are surfactants, stabilizers, etc. , antirust agent, defoamer, lubricant and other process additives, the concentration is generally between 2 and 10%. The direct entry of emulsion into the environment is very harmful. First, its concentration of organic matter as high as tens of thousands of mg/liter can greatly increase the COD index of wastewater, and various chemical additives contained in it have adverse effects on the growth and development of aquatic animals and plants; and , The emulsion can also promote the dissolution and dispersion of many toxic substances that were originally insoluble in water, aggravating the hazards of water pollution.

The current treatment methods for emulsion wastewater include ultrafiltration membrane treatment technology, electrical floatation technology and chemical coagulation sedimentation treatment technology. Ultrafiltration membrane treatment technology is suitable for wastewater treatment with an oil content of thousands of milligrams per liter, but when the oil content reaches tens of thousands of milligrams per liter, there are defects such as easy blockage of membrane pores, frequent replacement of filter membranes, and reduced COD removal rate; The floating technology treatment process is complicated, the quality requirements of the electrode plate are high, and the equipment cost is usually relatively expensive; the amount of slag produced during the treatment process is large, and the treatment cost of the sludge is high, which is not suitable for promotion in small and medium-sized mechanical processing enterprises; chemical coagulation treatment The technology has a large output of hydroxide sludge and high treatment cost; if waste sulfuric acid is used to demulsify, the wastewater needs to be neutralized, which will easily lead to secondary pollution.

Invention content:

In summary, in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a pretreatment method and equipment for machining waste emulsion, which is to neutralize, demulsify and gasify waste emulsion in a mixed reaction separator. The oil-water layer in the waste emulsion is separated by floating, and the oil layer floats on the water layer, and then oil is pumped from the upper part of the mixed reaction separator, and the lower part is drained to realize the separation of oil and water, and realize the pretreatment of the waste emulsion, and the separated oil It can be reused in the form of fuel, etc., to achieve harmless waste and resource utilization, save energy, protect the environment, and bring obvious environmental and economic benefits. The separated water can be further purified to make it meet the national industrial wastewater discharge standards.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution of the present invention is achieved in the following way:

A kind of pretreatment equipment for machining waste emulsion, wherein: it includes a mixed reaction separator, the mixed reaction separator includes a tank body 6, the upper part of the tank body 6 is conical, and its upper end is connected by a three-way pipe 16 There is a feed hopper 1, the side nozzle of the tee pipe 16 is connected to the oil suction pipe 4, a fixed connector 5 is arranged in the tank body 6, a motor 15 is arranged on the fixed connector 5, the motor 15 is connected to the stirring device 14, and the lower part of the tank body 6 An annular water distribution pipe 13 is arranged on the inner wall of the tank body, and the water distribution pipe 13 is connected to the water inlet pipe 8. The lower part of the tank body 6 is funnel-shaped, and at least three annular air flotation pipes 9 are arranged on its inner wall, and the air flotation pipe 9 is connected to The compressor 12 is provided with a drain pipe 11 at the lower end of the tank body 6 .

The technical solution of the present invention can also be realized as follows: the motor 15 is a waterproof motor, and the motor 15 and the stirring device 14 are both arranged on the vertical axis of the tank body 6 .

The technical solution of the present invention can also be realized in this way: the three-way pipe 16 is a transparent three-way pipe, an infrared sensor 2 is arranged on its outer wall, and a sealing ring is arranged between the three-way pipe 16 and the feeding hopper 1 17. A sealing ring 18 is provided between the tee pipe 16 and the tank body 6 .

The technical solution of the present invention can also be realized as follows: the first valve 3 , the second valve 7 and the third valve 10 are respectively arranged on the oil suction pipe 4 , the water inlet pipe 8 and the drain pipe 11 .

A method for pretreating the machining waste emulsion using the above-mentioned pretreatment equipment for machining waste emulsion, which includes the following process steps:

a. Adjust the pH value

Add the waste emulsion to the mixing reaction separator, then add alkali solution or acid solution, start the mixing reaction separator, adjust the pH value of the waste emulsion to 6-8, and then close the mixing reaction separator;

b. Demulsification

Add a demulsifier to the waste emulsion with adjusted pH value, start the mixed reaction separator, stir for 10-15 minutes, and stop stirring;

c. Air flotation

From the lower part of the mixed reaction separator, fill the waste emulsion after demulsification and stirring with compressed air until the oil and water of the waste emulsion are completely separated, and stop the inflation;

d. Adjust the water level

From the lower part of the mixed reaction separator, inject water into the waste emulsion after air flotation, and stop water injection when the oil-water separation interface reaches the preset height;

e. Oil pumping and drainage

From the upper part of the mixed reaction separator, the waste oil is pumped out, and then, from the lower part of the mixed reaction separator, the waste water is discharged;

The technical solution of the present invention can also be realized in this way: the weight percentages of the components of the demulsifier are: MgSO ₄ 0.01% to 5%, Al ₂ (SO ₄ ) ₃ 0.01% to 0.5%, cationic polyacrylamide 0.001 % to 0.5%, non-ionic polyacrylamide 0.001% to 0.2%, and the balance is water.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. In the present invention, the waste emulsion is neutralized, demulsified and air flotation is used in the mixed reaction separator to separate the oil-water layer in the waste emulsion, and the oil layer floats on the water layer, and then pumped from the upper part of the mixed reaction separator. Oil, the lower part is drained, realizes the separation of oil and water, and then realizes the pretreatment of the waste emulsion, and the separated oil can be reused in the form of fuel, etc., realizing the harmless and resourceful utilization of waste, saving energy and protecting the environment, which can bring obvious benefits Environmental and economic benefits, the separated water is further purified to make it meet the national industrial wastewater discharge standards.

2. The hybrid reaction separator used in the present invention is simple in structure, easy to operate, low in cost, low in technical requirements for operators, stable in operation, low in accident rate, and free of mud clogging or sedimentation during operation; equipment power consumption Small, low noise, no secondary pollutants, anti-corrosion equipment, durable, water and electricity saving.

3. The demulsifier used in the present invention has the characteristics of safety, non-toxicity, tasteless, environmental protection and cleanness, few transfer links during use, and small space occupation.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of part I of Fig. 1 of the present invention.

Detailed ways:

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Embodiment one

A kind of pretreatment equipment for machining waste emulsion, which includes a mixed reaction separator. The structure of the mixed reaction separator is shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2. The upper part of the tank body 6 is conical, and its upper end passes through a three-way pipe 16 and The feeding hopper 1 is connected, and a sealing ring 18 is arranged between the tank body 6 and the tee pipe 16, and a sealing ring 17 is also arranged between the tee pipe 16 and the feeding hopper 1. The oil pipe 4 is connected, and the oil extraction pipe 4 is provided with a first valve 3, the first valve 3 is a solenoid valve, the three-way pipe 16 is a transparent three-way pipe, and an infrared sensor 2 is arranged on its outer wall, and the infrared sensor 2 is installed on the At the side pipe of the tee pipe 16, a fixed connector 5 is fixed in the tank body 6, a motor 15 is arranged on the fixed connector 5, a stirring device 14 is installed on the rotating shaft of the motor 15, the fixed connector 5, the motor 15 and the stirring Device 14 all adopts stainless, corrosion-resistant material, and motor 15 adopts waterproof motor, and motor 15 and agitator 14 are installed on the vertical axis of tank body 6, as shown in Figure 2, the outer wall of tank body 6 top is provided with control Panel 19, eight buttons are arranged on the control panel 19.

As shown in Figure 1, the lower part of the tank body 6 is funnel-shaped, and three-stage annular air flotation tubes 9 are arranged on its inner wall. The floating pipe 9 is connected to the compressor 12 outside the tank body 6. The lower end of the tank body 6 is provided with a drain pipe 11. The drain pipe 11 is provided with a third valve 10. The third valve 10 is a solenoid valve. An annular water distribution pipe 13 is arranged on the inner wall, and the water distribution pipe 13 is connected to the water inlet pipe 8, and the second valve 7 is arranged on the water inlet pipe 8, and the second valve 7 is a solenoid valve.

When the waste emulsion is to be pretreated, a demulsifier should be equipped first. The weight percentage of each component of the demulsifier is: MgSO ₄ 0.01%, Al ₂ (SO ₄ ) ₃ 0.5%, cationic polyacrylamide 0.5%, non-ionic 0.2% polyacrylamide, the balance is water, and then carry out pretreatment according to the following process steps:

a. Adjust the pH value

Detect the pH value of the waste emulsion to be treated, then pour the waste emulsion into the tank 6 from the feed hopper 1, if the waste emulsion is alkaline, add hydrochloric acid solution to the tank 6, if the waste emulsion is acidic , then add sodium hydroxide solution into the tank body 6, connect the power supply of the mixed reaction separator, start the "adjustment stirring" button, the motor 15 drives the stirring device 14 to rotate, stir the liquid in the tank, and the pH value of the emulsion to be discarded is At 7 o'clock, turn off the "Adjust Stirring" button;

b. Demulsification

Add the pre-prepared demulsifier into the tank 6, start the "demulsification stirring" button, mix and stir for 15 minutes, press the "stop stirring" button, stop stirring, and the demulsification reaction is completed;

c. Air flotation

Start the "air flotation" button on the control panel 19, the air compressor 12 starts, starts to work, and delivers air to the tank body 6. Driven by the air, the oil formed by the waste emulsifier after the demulsification reaction gradually floats to the water On the surface of the surface, oil and water begin to stratify, and after 60 minutes of air flotation, the stratification is completed, and the "air flotation" button is turned off, and the air compressor 12 stops working;

d. Adjust the water level

Start the "adjustment" button on the control panel 19, the second valve 7 is opened, water enters the tank body 6 from the water inlet pipe 8, the liquid level in the tank body 6 rises, and the intersecting interface of oil and water also rises. When the interface reaches the infrared sensor 2, the infrared sensor 2 sends a prompt signal, the "adjustment" button is closed, the second valve 7 is closed, and water injection in the tank body 6 is stopped;

e. Oil pumping and drainage

Start the "oil extraction" button on the control panel 19, the first valve 3 is opened, and the oil layer floating on the water surface in the tank body 6 is extracted from the oil extraction pipe 4, and then stored and transported; after the oil layer is completely extracted, start the control panel 19 on the "drainage" button, the third valve 10 is opened, and the water in the tank body 6 is discharged from the drain pipe 11, and the next step of purification treatment is carried out. Start the "reset" button on the control panel 19, and the mixed reaction separator starts a new round of waste emulsion pretreatment.

The motor 15 and the stirring device 14 are arranged on the vertical axis of the tank body 6, which ensures that the stirring device 14 stirs the liquid in the tank body 6 evenly and fully.

The lower part of the tank body 6 is funnel-shaped, and the inner wall is provided with a three-stage annular air flotation tube 9, so that the air can evenly enter the waste emulsion, so that the air flotation is uniform, so that the oil and water can be separated as fully as possible, and fast.

The water distribution pipe 13 is ring-shaped and arranged on the inner wall of the bottom of the tank body 6, and is arranged on the top of the funnel-shaped tank body 6. When adjusting the water level, the interface between the oil and water phases can rise steadily.

Drainage pipe 11 is arranged on the lower end of tank body 6, guarantees that the water in tank body 6 is all discharged together with impurities such as silt when draining.

Embodiment two

Repeat Example 1, with the following differences: the weight percentages of the components of the demulsifier are: MgSO ₄ 5%, Al ₂ (SO ₄ ) ₃ 0.01%, cationic polyacrylamide 0.001%, nonionic polyacrylamide 0.001%, The balance is water. In step a, adjusting the pH value, when the pH value of the discarded emulsion is 6.5, turn off the "Adjust Stirring" button, and in step b, demulsification, mix and stir for 12 minutes, then stop stirring.

Embodiment three

Repeat Example 1, with the following differences: the weight percentages of the components of the demulsifier are: MgSO ₄ 2.5%, Al ₂ (SO ₄ ) ₃ 0.3%, cationic polyacrylamide 0.25%, nonionic polyacrylamide 0.1%, The balance is water. In step a, adjusting the pH value, when the pH value of the discarded emulsion is 7.5, turn off the "Adjust Stirring" button, and in step b, demulsification, mix and stir for 13 minutes, then stop stirring.

Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are illustrations rather than limitations to the technical solutions of the present invention, equivalent replacements by those of ordinary skill in the art or other modifications made according to the prior art, as long as they do not exceed the technical solutions of the present invention Both ideas and scope should be included in the scope of rights required by the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. the pre-processing device of a machining waste emulsion liquid, it is characterized in that: it comprises the hybrid reaction separator, described hybrid reaction separator comprises tank body (6), the top of tank body (6) is taper, its upper end connects hopper (1) by Y-tube (16), the side pipe mouth of Y-tube (16) connects oil pick-up tube (4), be provided with fixed connecting piece (5) in the tank body (6), motor (15) is set on the fixed connecting piece (5), motor (15) connects whipping appts (14), the inwall of tank body (6) bottom is provided with cyclic distributive pipe (13), distributive pipe (13) connects water inlet pipe (8), and tank body (6) bottom funnel, its inwall are provided with the air supporting pipe (9) of tertiary circulation shape at least, air supporting pipe (9) connects compressor, and tank body (6) lower end is provided with water shoot (11).

2. the pre-processing device of machining waste emulsion liquid according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described motor (15) is a drip proof machine, and motor (15) and whipping appts (14) all are arranged on the vertical axis of tank body (6).

3. the pre-processing device of machining waste emulsion liquid according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Y-tube (16) is transparent Y-tube, its outer wall is provided with infrared inductor (2), be provided with sealing-ring (17) between Y-tube (16) and the hopper (1), be provided with sealing-ring (18) between Y-tube (16) and the tank body (6).

4. the pre-processing device of machining waste emulsion liquid according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be respectively arranged with first valve (3), second valve (7) and the 3rd valve (10) on described oil pick-up tube (4), water inlet pipe (8) and the water shoot (11).

5. use the pre-processing device of the described machining waste emulsion liquid of claim 1 that machining waste emulsion liquid is carried out pretreated method, it is characterized in that: it comprises following processing step:

A, adjusting pH value

Waste emulsion liquid is added the hybrid reaction separator, add alkaline solution or acid solution again, start the hybrid reaction separator, the pH value of waste emulsion liquid is adjusted to 6～8, close the hybrid reaction separator then;

B, breakdown of emulsion

In the waste emulsion liquid of adjusting the pH value, add emulsion splitter, start the hybrid reaction separator, stirred 10～15 minutes, stop to stir;

C, air supporting

From hybrid reaction separator bottom, charge into pressurized air in the waste emulsion liquid after breakdown of emulsion stirs, until the complete layering of the profit of waste emulsion liquid, stop inflation;

D, adjusting water level

From hybrid reaction separator bottom, water filling in the waste emulsion liquid after air supporting, reach preset height to oil-water separation interface after, stop water filling;

E, oil pumping draining

From hybrid reaction separator top, waste oil is extracted out, then,, waste water is discharged from hybrid reaction separator bottom.

6. the pre-processing device of use machining waste emulsion liquid according to claim 5 carries out pretreated method to machining waste emulsion liquid, it is characterized in that: each composition weight percent of employed emulsion splitter is: MgSO ₄0.01%～5%, Al ₂(SO ₄) ₃0.01%～0.5%, cationic-type polyacrylamide 0.001%～0.5%, non-ionic polyacrylamide 0.001%～0.2%, surplus is a water.