CN101738546B - Device, system and method for measuring space charges by using electro-acoustic (PEA) method - Google Patents
Device, system and method for measuring space charges by using electro-acoustic (PEA) method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101738546B CN101738546B CN 200910259411 CN200910259411A CN101738546B CN 101738546 B CN101738546 B CN 101738546B CN 200910259411 CN200910259411 CN 200910259411 CN 200910259411 A CN200910259411 A CN 200910259411A CN 101738546 B CN101738546 B CN 101738546B
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Abstract
The invention provides a device, a system and a method for measuring space charges by using an electro-acoustic (PEA) method. The device comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, a first thermostatic source, a second thermostatic source, a high-voltage direct current power supply, a pulse generator and a piezoelectric transducer, wherein the first electrode is used for contacting with one surface of the tested insulation material sample; the second electrode is used for contacting with the other surface of the tested insulation material sample; the first thermostatic source is used forconducting the temperature to the first electrode; the second thermostatic source is used for conducting the temperature to the second electrode; the high-voltage direct current power supply is used for transmitting the high-voltage direct current to the first electrode; the pulse generator is used for transmitting a high-voltage pulse signal to the first electrode; the piezoelectric transducer is used for detecting the acoustic signal of the tested insulation material sample, generated by the functions of the temperature gradient field, the high-voltage electric field and the high-voltage electric pulse, and is used for converting the acoustic signal into an electrical signal to output. The invention is used for measuring the distribution of the space charges in the high-voltage direct current power equipment insulation in the temperature gradient field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is about distribution of space charge measuring technique in the insulating material, particularly insulating material is operated in distribution of space charge measuring technique under internal-external temperature difference and the electric field acting in conjunction in high voltage DC power equipment, is a kind of pulse electroacoustic method space charge measurement device, system and method concretely.
Background technology
In the prior art, usually adopt pulse electroacoustic method (PEA) that the distribution of space charge of solid dielectric material is measured.But the widely used system of this measuring technique only can measure under homogenization temperature at present, to how to make troubles for the temperature difference situation of Electric Power Equipment Insulation existence in the actual motion.
As shown in Figure 1, be the structured flowchart of existing PEA space charge measurement device, this PEA space charge measurement device 100 comprises: top electrode unit 101, this top electrode unit 101 comprises: aluminium electrode 102, epoxy resin 103, capacitor C, resistance R
1And metal shell.High-voltage DC power supply 105 passes through resistance R
2Be connected with aluminium electrode 102.Pulse producer 106 is connected with aluminium electrode 102.Bottom electrode 107, piezoelectric sensor 108, absorption layer 109, amplifier 110, shielded box 111, oscillograph 113 and computing machine 112.
When the distribution of space charge that adopts 100 pairs of dull and stereotyped insulating material samples 104 of PEA space charge measurement device is measured, start high-voltage DC power supply 105 and send high voltage direct current, this high voltage direct current passes through resistance R
2Current-limiting protection after-applied to aluminium electrode 102; Starting impulse generator 106 sends the high electric field pulse signal, and this high electric field pulse signal is after-applied to aluminium electrode 102 by capacitor C; After being in dull and stereotyped insulating material sample 104 between aluminium electrode 102 and the bottom electrode 107 and being subject to two interelectrode high-voltage electric fields polarization and high electric field pulse and encouraging, particle vibration in the sample 104, produce compression and rarefaction wave, this generation of vibration acoustical signal, and passed sample 104 with compressional wave, bottom electrode 107, arrive piezoelectric sensor 108, and detect this acoustical signal by 108, and this acoustical signal is converted to electric signal, this electric signal sends oscillograph 113 and computing machine 112 to after amplifier 110 amplifies, the signal of 113 pairs of receptions of oscillograph carries out record, and the signal of 112 pairs of receptions of computing machine is analyzed, process, generate visual space charge measurement result.111 pairs of piezoelectric sensors 108 of shielded box, absorption layer 109 and amplifier 110 shield, and are used for preventing the external electromagnetic wave interference.
Yet, insulating material in direct current power equipment is operated under internal-external temperature difference and the DC electric field acting in conjunction, and the nonlinear temperature of insulating material resistivity, therefore the space charge in the true DC equipment insulation and Electric Field Distribution may with conventional homogenization temperature under measurement result larger difference is arranged, its electric Field Calculation is also very complicated, and this directly affects the reliability of direct current ultra-high/extra-high voltage equipment.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of pulse electroacoustic method space charge measurement device, system and method, in order to measure thermograde after the match, and the distribution of space charge during high voltage DC power is apparatus insulated.
One of purpose of the present invention is, a kind of pulse electroacoustic method space charge measurement device is provided, and this device comprises: the first electrode is used for contacting with the one side of tested insulating material sample; The second electrode is used for contacting with the another side of tested insulating material sample; The first constant temperature source is used for to the first electrode conduction temperature; The second constant temperature source is used for to the second electrode conduction temperature; High-voltage DC power supply is used for to the first electrode transmission of high-voltage direct current electricity; Pulse producer is used for transmitting high-voltage pulse signal to the first electrode; Piezoelectric sensor is subject to the acoustical signal that produces after two interelectrode temperature gradient fields, high-voltage electric field and the high electric field pulse effect for detection of tested insulating material sample, and acoustical signal is converted to electric signal output; Semi-conductive layer; Described the first electrode comprises: electrode column (1101), the liquid storage container of annular hollow (1102), the liquid storage container of annular hollow (1102) has liquid inlet (1103) and liquid outlet (1104), and the liquid storage container of annular hollow (1102) is enclosed within on the electrode column (1101); Liquid inlet (1103) is connected with described the first constant temperature source with liquid outlet (1104); Described the first electrode contacts by the one side of described semi-conductive layer with described tested insulating material sample.
One of purpose of the present invention is, a kind of pulse electroacoustic method space charge measuring system is provided, and this system comprises: the bath of the first constant temperature circulating, the bath of the second constant temperature circulating, pulse electroacoustic method space charge measurement device, oscillograph and computing machine; Wherein, pulse electroacoustic method space charge measurement device comprises: the first electrode is used for contacting with the one side of tested insulating material sample, and is connected with the bath of the first constant temperature circulating by two-way conduit; The second electrode is used for contacting with the another side of tested insulating material sample, and is connected with the bath of the second constant temperature circulating by two-way conduit; High-voltage DC power supply is used for to the first electrode transmission of high-voltage direct current electricity; Pulse producer is used for transmitting high-voltage pulse signal to the first electrode; Piezoelectric sensor is subject to the acoustical signal that the effect of two interelectrode temperature gradient fields, high-voltage electric field and high electric field pulse produces afterwards for detection of tested insulating material sample, and acoustical signal is converted to electric signal output; Amplifier is used for the electric signal of piezoelectric sensor output is amplified; Semi-conductive layer; Oscillograph carries out record to the electric signal that amplifier amplifies, and computing machine is processed the electric signal that amplifier amplifies, and exports tested insulating material sample space charge measurements information.Described the first electrode comprises: electrode column (1101), the liquid storage container of annular hollow (1102), the liquid storage container of annular hollow (1102) has liquid inlet (1103) and liquid outlet (1104), and the liquid storage container of annular hollow (1102) is enclosed within on the electrode column (1101); Liquid inlet (1103) is bathed with described the first constant temperature circulating with liquid outlet (1104) and is connected; Described the first electrode contacts by the one side of described semi-conductive layer with described tested insulating material sample.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is, by the space charge measurement equipment that adopts thermograde to measure, realizes the measurement that the insulating material Space-charge under temperature gradient field, high-voltage electric field and the high electric field pulse acting in conjunction distributes.Thermograde is bathed the upper/lower electrode surface temperature of controlling folded tested insulating material sample by the high and low temperature circulation respectively and is realized.By the present invention, utilize the liquid constant temperature of insulativity to circulate to keep electrode temperature, can study insulating material at distribution of space charge and transporting mechanism under the different temperatures gradient, under the different electric field intensity effect, eliminate the space charge effect that exists in the Electric Power Equipment Insulation for taking measures test and theoretical research foundation are provided.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art, the below will do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes only is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of pulse electroacoustic method in the prior art (PEA) space charge measurement device;
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of the pulse electroacoustic method space charge measurement device of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 3 is the structured flowchart of the pulse electroacoustic method space charge measuring system of the embodiment of the invention 2;
Fig. 4 is the structured flowchart of the PEA electrode assembly of the embodiment of the invention 2;
Fig. 5 is the upper electrode arrangement figure of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the lower electrode arrangement figure of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 is the structured flowchart of the pulse electroacoustic method space charge measuring system of the embodiment of the invention 3;
Fig. 8 is the polarity of voltage reversal voltage adjustment process synoptic diagram of the embodiment of the invention 3;
Fig. 9 is the pulse electroacoustic method space charge measurement workflow diagram of the embodiment of the invention 4;
Figure 10 is the pulse electroacoustic method space charge measuring system synoptic diagram of the embodiment of the invention 4;
Figure 11 is the upper electrode arrangement figure of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment only is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills belong to the scope of protection of the invention not making the every other embodiment that obtains under the creative work prerequisite.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 2, structured flowchart for the pulse electroacoustic method space charge measurement device of the embodiment of the invention, this pulse electroacoustic method space charge measurement device 200 comprises: top electrode unit 201(can be considered the first electrode), this top electrode unit 201 comprises: aluminium electrode 202, epoxy resin 203, capacitor C, resistance R
1And metal shell.High-voltage DC power supply 205 passes through resistance R
2Be connected with aluminium electrode 202.Pulse producer 206 is connected with aluminium electrode 202.Bottom electrode 207(can be considered the second electrode), the piezoelectric sensor 208 that links to each other with bottom electrode 207; The high temperature constant temperature circulation is bathed 214(and be can be considered the first constant temperature source), be connected with top electrode unit 201 by DLC; The cryogenic thermostat circulation is bathed 215(and be can be considered the second constant temperature source), be connected with bottom electrode unit 207 by DLC.
The structure of the first electrode can be referring to Fig. 5.As shown in Figure 5, electrode 500 comprises: liquid 504, ingress pipe 501, liquid containing chamber 503 and liquid delivery line 502.Liquid 504 can be oil, liquid ingress pipe 501 is connected with the liquid delivery line to bathe with high temperature constant temperature circulation and is connected, the high temperature constant temperature circulation is bathed high temperature oil is imported liquid containing chamber 503 by liquid ingress pipe 501, and by the recovery of liquid delivery line, oil makes electrode 500 produce high temperature constant temperature in liquid ingress pipe 501, liquid containing chamber 503 and the 502 interior circulations of liquid delivery line.Electrode 500 can be the cylindrical hollow electrode that alumina based material is made.In another embodiment of the first electrode, the structure of the first electrode can be referring to Figure 11.As shown in figure 11, the first electrode comprises: electrode column 1101, and the liquid storage container 1102 of annular hollow, the liquid storage container 1102 of annular hollow has liquid inlet 1103 and liquid outlet 1104, and the liquid storage container 1102 of annular hollow is enclosed within on the electrode column 1101.Are connected with liquid outlet to bathe with high temperature constant temperature circulation and are connected in liquid inlet 1103, the liquid storage container 1102 that high temperature oil 1105 is imported annular hollow by liquid inlet 1103 is bathed in the high temperature constant temperature circulation, and by liquid outlet 1104 recovery, oil 1105 in the liquid inlet 1103, liquid storage container 1102 and liquid outlet 1104 interior circulations, make electrode column 1101 produce high temperature constant temperatures.Electrode column 1101 can be the cylindrical electrode that alumina based material is made.
The structure of the second electrode can be referring to Fig. 6.As shown in Figure 6, electrode 600 comprises: liquid 604, ingress pipe 601, liquid containing chamber 603 and liquid delivery line 602.Liquid 604 can be water, liquid ingress pipe 601 is connected with the liquid delivery line to bathe with cryogenic thermostat circulation and is connected, the cryogenic thermostat circulation is bathed water at low temperature is imported liquid containing chamber 603 by liquid ingress pipe 601, and by the recovery of liquid delivery line, water is in liquid ingress pipe 601, liquid containing chamber 603 and the 602 interior circulations of liquid delivery line.Make electrode 600 produce cryogenic thermostat.Electrode 600 can be the rectangular plate shape hollow electrode that alumina based material is made.
When the distribution of space charge that adopts 200 pairs of dull and stereotyped insulating material samples 204 of pulse electroacoustic method space charge measurement device is measured, start high-voltage DC power supply 205 and send high voltage direct current, this high voltage direct current passes through resistance R
2Current-limiting protection after-applied to aluminium electrode 202; Starting impulse generator 206 sends the high electric field pulse signal, and this high electric field pulse signal is after-applied to aluminium electrode 202 by capacitor C; Start the high temperature constant temperature circulation and bathe, high temperature oil is imported in the liquid reservoir of aluminium electrode 202 by the liquid ingress pipe, and reclaim by the liquid delivery line.Make aluminium electrode 202 produce high temperature constant temperature.Start the cryogenic thermostat circulation and bathe in the liquid containing chamber of water at low temperature by liquid ingress pipe importing bottom electrode 207, and reclaim by the liquid delivery line, make bottom electrode 207 produce cryogenic thermostat.After being in dull and stereotyped insulating material sample 204 between aluminium electrode 202 and the bottom electrode 207 and being subject to the effect of two interelectrode temperature gradient fields, high-voltage electric field and high electric field pulse, the space charge in the sample 204 can produce small displacement, and this displacement produces acoustical signal; Piezoelectric sensor 208 detects this acoustical signal, and this acoustical signal is converted to electric signal output.
As shown in Figure 2, the electric signal of piezoelectric sensor 208 outputs can send microprocessor 212 to after amplifier 211 amplifies, and the signal of 212 pairs of receptions of microprocessor is analyzed, processed, and generates visual space charge measurement result and is presented on the display 213.Can adopt 210 pairs of piezoelectric sensors 208 of shielded box, absorption layer 209 and amplifier 211 to shield and prevent the external electromagnetic wave interference.
In the present embodiment, also the high temperature constant temperature bath can be connected with bottom electrode, to the bottom electrode transmission high-temp; And cryogenic thermostat bathed be connected with top electrode, conduct low temperature to top electrode.Then carry out the measurement that the insulating material Space-charge under temperature gradient field and the high-voltage electric field acting in conjunction distributes.
In the present embodiment, also can regulate the temperature that high temperature constant temperature is bathed and cryogenic thermostat is bathed, make the temperature of conducting to top electrode equal to conduct temperature to bottom electrode.Then carry out the measurement that the insulating material Space-charge under homogenization temperature field and the high-voltage electric field acting in conjunction distributes.
The space charge measurement equipment of the embodiment of the invention by adopting thermograde to measure is realized the measurement that the insulating material Space-charge under temperature gradient field, high-voltage electric field and the high electric field pulse acting in conjunction distributes.Thermograde is bathed the upper/lower electrode surface temperature of controlling folded tested insulating material sample by the high and low temperature circulation respectively and is realized, and utilizes the liquid constant temperature of insulativity to circulate to keep electrode temperature.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 3, the embodiment of the invention is pulse electroacoustic method space charge measuring system 300, and pulse electroacoustic method space charge measuring system 300 comprises: high temperature constant temperature source 306, cryogenic thermostat source 307, PEA electrode assembly 301, high-voltage DC power supply 302, pulse producer 303, oscillograph 304 and computing machine 305; Wherein, PEA electrode assembly 301 comprises (as shown in Figure 4): top electrode unit 401(is comprising the first electrode), contact with the one side of tested insulating material sample, and be connected with high temperature constant temperature source 306 by two-way conduit; Bottom electrode unit 402(can be considered the second electrode), contact with the another side of tested insulating material sample, and be connected with cryogenic thermostat source 307 by two-way conduit; High-voltage DC power supply 302 is to the first electrode transmission of high-voltage direct current electricity; Pulse producer 303 transmits high-voltage pulse signal to the first electrode; Piezoelectric sensor 403 is subject to the acoustical signal that the effect of two interelectrode temperature gradient fields, high-voltage electric field and high electric field pulse produces afterwards for detection of tested insulating material sample, and acoustical signal is converted to electric signal output.The electric signal of 404 pairs of piezoelectric sensor outputs of amplifier amplifies; The electric signal that 304 pairs of amplifiers of oscillograph 404 amplify carries out record, and the electric signal that 305 pairs of amplifiers of computing machine amplify is processed, and exports tested insulating material sample space charge measurements information.High temperature constant temperature source 306 can be high temperature constant temperature circulation oil bath, and cryogenic thermostat source 307 can be the cryogenic thermostat circulator bath.
In the present embodiment, also the high temperature constant temperature oil bath can be connected with bottom electrode, to the bottom electrode transmission high-temp; And the cryogenic thermostat water-bath is connected with top electrode, to top electrode conduction low temperature.Then carry out the measurement that the insulating material Space-charge under temperature gradient field and the high-voltage electric field acting in conjunction distributes.
In the present embodiment, also can regulate the temperature of high temperature constant temperature oil bath and cryogenic thermostat water-bath, make conduction equal to conduct temperature to bottom electrode to the temperature of top electrode.Then carry out the measurement that the insulating material Space-charge under homogenization temperature field and the high-voltage electric field acting in conjunction distributes.
The space charge measuring system of the embodiment of the invention by adopting thermograde to measure realized the measurement that the insulating material Space-charge under temperature gradient field, high-voltage electric field and the high electric field pulse acting in conjunction distributes.Thermograde is bathed the upper/lower electrode surface temperature of controlling folded tested insulating material sample by the high and low temperature circulation respectively and is realized, and utilizes the liquid constant temperature of insulativity to circulate to keep electrode temperature.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 7, the embodiment of the invention is pulse electroacoustic method space charge measuring system 700, and pulse electroacoustic method space charge measuring system 700 comprises: high temperature constant temperature source 706, cryogenic thermostat source 707, PEA electrode assembly 701, high-voltage DC power supply 702, pulse producer 703, oscillograph 704 and computing machine 705; Wherein, PEA electrode assembly 701 comprises top electrode unit (comprising the first electrode), contacts with the one side of tested insulating material sample, and is connected with high temperature constant temperature source 706 by two-way conduit; Bottom electrode unit (can be considered the second electrode) contacts with the another side of tested insulating material sample, and is connected with cryogenic thermostat source 707 by two-way conduit; High-voltage DC power supply 702 is to the first electrode transmission of high-voltage direct current electricity; Pulse producer 703 transmits high-voltage pulse signal to the first electrode; Piezoelectric sensor is subject to the acoustical signal that the effect of two interelectrode temperature gradient fields, high-voltage electric field and high electric field pulse produces afterwards for detection of tested insulating material sample, and acoustical signal is converted to electric signal output.Amplifier amplifies the electric signal of piezoelectric sensor output; The electric signal that 704 pairs of amplifiers of oscillograph amplify carries out record, and the electric signal that 705 pairs of amplifiers of computing machine amplify is processed, and exports tested insulating material sample space charge measurements information.High temperature constant temperature source 706 can be high temperature constant temperature circulation oil bath, and cryogenic thermostat source 707 can be the cryogenic thermostat circulator bath.
High-voltage DC power supply 702 comprises: AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) 7022 and high-voltage power supply amplifier 7021, AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) 7022 can adopt RIGOL AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) (100MHz), high-voltage power supply amplifier 7021 can adopt TREK company high-voltage power supply amplifier (30/20A), realize the space charge measurement of polarity of voltage under different reversing times by AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) 7022 with high-voltage power supply amplifier 7021, its maximum output voltage is ± 30kV.At first carrying software by AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) 7022 is stored in the waveform that edits in its buffer memory, then the waveform that will store by high-voltage power supply amplifier 7021 acts on the pulse electroacoustic method space charge measuring system 701 after amplifying, and concrete steps are following (to be illustrated in figure 8 as from+U
0To-U
0, be equally applicable to from-U
0To+U
0):
1) under a certain thermograde or homogenization temperature, sample is applied positive high voltage+U0, and keep a period of time, until CHARGE DISTRIBUTION reaches steady state (SS); Such as AB section among Fig. 8.
2) slope of the waveform change BC by regulating AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator), and by the output of high-voltage power supply amplifier, can realize by+U0 through different time be inverted to-U0(such as Fig. 8 in the BC section), and Experiment on Function required time (such as CD section among Fig. 8).
Utilize above-mentioned steps, not only can measure easily the distribution of space charge under each time period under the different temperatures gradient fields, but also regulation voltage reversing time as requested realizes the space charge measurement under the different polarity of voltage reversing times of different temperatures gradient.And the liquid constant temperature that utilizes insulativity circulates to keep electrode temperature.
Embodiment 4
As shown in Figure 9, pulse electroacoustic method space charge measurement method of the invention process may further comprise the steps: the one side of the first electrode with tested insulating material sample contacted, and conduct the first steady temperature (step S801) to described the first electrode; The another side of the second electrode with tested insulating material sample contacted, and conduct the second steady temperature (step S802) to the second electrode; The first steady temperature and the second steady temperature are regulated, the first steady temperature is not equal to or equals the second steady temperature (step S803); To the first electrode transmission of high-voltage direct current electricity and high-voltage pulse signal (step S804); The acoustical signal that is subject to producing in the tested insulating material sample after two interelectrode temperature gradient fields, high-voltage electric field and the high electric field pulse effect is detected, and acoustical signal is converted to electric signal output (step S805); Electric signal to output amplifies (step S806); The electric signal that amplifies is recorded and processes, export tested insulating material sample space charge measurements information (step S807).
Can by device as shown in figure 10, realize the measuring process of above-mentioned pulse electroacoustic method space charge measurement method.Wherein, upper and lower electrode by design hollow is realized the different temperature difference of tested sample upper and lower surface, produce different temperature gradient fields, simultaneously sample is applied DC electric field, thereby be implemented in the space charge test of the insulating material under high-temperature gradient field and the high electric field synergistic effect.
In device as shown in figure 10, the top electrode unit mainly by epoxy resin 9011 with resistance, electric capacity and top electrode 9012 sealing in a stainless steel cylindrical shell 901, stainless steel cylindrical shell 901 and bottom electrode 902 are altogether simultaneously, R1=2M Ω, R2=50 Ω, larger electric current is to the damage of equipment and the reflection that prevents high-frequency pulse signal for the cable termination build-out resistor of transmission pulse signal when being respectively applied to prevent 903 puncture of insulating material sample, high-voltage pulse input side coupling capacitance C=500pF is used for cutting off high direct voltage and enters into the pulse producer loop.
Top electrode unit rack 911 is used for fixedly stainless steel cylindrical shell 901, insulating material sample 903 and the bottom electrode 902 of top electrode unit, and makes it close contact; Oil guide pipe 906 is rubber tube, is used for realizing can adopting silicone oil to circulate from the oil circulation of high temperature constant temperature circulation bath with the top electrode unit.The temperature range that the high temperature constant temperature circulation is bathed can be 0～200 ℃ (adjustable first thermostat temperature), and power is 15L/min, by the high-temperature effect that temperature realizes upper electrode surface is regulated in oil bath.
Top electrode 9012 guarantees upper electrode temperature in order to ensure the oil bath normal circulation, and the top electrode of hollow adopts metallic aluminium.Top electrode unit 901 can pass through a semi-conductive layer and insulating material sample 903 close contacts, and the pressure wave attenuation phenomenon that causes owing to impedance mismatch in order to eliminate the interface adopts the cable outer semiconducting layer of peeling off.Insulating material sample 903 can be selected diameter 90mm, the dull and stereotyped insulating material of thickness 0.5～1mm.Bottom electrode 902 can adopt the aluminium sheet material of hollow, utilizes the cryogenic thermostat circulation to bathe with bottom electrode 902 and carries out the water-bath circulation, realizes the cryogenic temperature of bottom electrode 902.Aqueduct 907 is rubber tube, is used for realizing from the water circulation of cryogenic thermostat circulation bath with the bottom electrode unit.The temperature range that the cryogenic thermostat circulation is bathed can be 0～100 ℃ (adjustable second thermostat temperature), and power is 15L/min, by the cryogenic effect that temperature realizes lower electrode surface is regulated in water-bath.
The first thermostat temperature and the second thermostat temperature can be adjusted to: the first thermostat temperature〉the second thermostat temperature; Or first thermostat temperature=second thermostat temperature; Or first thermostat temperature＜second thermostat temperature.
High-voltage DC power supply 904, output dc voltage 0～+ 60kV; Has overvoltage, the excess current automatic protection functions.In order to simulate the polarity of voltage Reversion under the actual high-voltage direct current transportation service condition, special AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) and the amplifier installation of adopting realized the space charge measurement under the different polarity of voltage reversing times in addition.
Pulse producer 905, pulsewidth 2～25ns, amplitude 250V～1kV, pulsed operation frequency 150Hz.
The measuring method of space charge comprises under the single polarity of voltage: 1) open high temperature constant temperature circulation bath and cryogenic thermostat circulation bath, needed temperature in the test is set; 2) until high temperature constant temperature circulation bathe and the cryogenic thermostat circulation bathe reach needed temperature after, connect top electrode unit and bottom electrode with conduit respectively, carry out independently oil bath heating and water-bath and cool off; 3) behind upper electrode surface and lower electrode surface temperature stabilization, put sample to be tested well, install and fix electrode unit; 4) utilize high-voltage D.C. generator to apply DC electric field, realize the space charge measurement in the insulating material under temperature gradient field and the electric field synergistic effect, show in real time data waveform by oscillograph, the PC collection raw data of communicating by letter with oscillograph is finished the processing of raw data at last.
The measuring method characteristics of the space charge under the polarity of voltage upset are: adopt RIGOL AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) (100MHz) to realize the space charge measurement of polarity of voltage under different reversing times with TREK company high-voltage power supply amplifier (30/20A).Its maximum output voltage is ± 30kV.At first carry software by AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) the waveform that edits is stored in its buffer memory, act on the PEA electrode system after the waveform that then will store by the high-voltage power supply amplifier amplifies.Its step comprises: 1) at (space charge measurement method step 1 under such as single polarity of voltage) 2 under a certain thermograde or the homogenization temperature) 3)), sample is applied high positive pressure/negative dc voltage U0, and keep a period of time, until CHARGE DISTRIBUTION reaches steady state (SS); 2) slope of the waveform change BC by regulating AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator), and by the output of high-voltage power supply amplifier, can realize by just/negative dc voltage U0 is inverted to negative/positive direct-current voltages U0 through different time, and the Experiment on Function required time.
In the present embodiment, also the high temperature constant temperature oil bath can be connected with bottom electrode, to the bottom electrode transmission high-temp; And the cryogenic thermostat water-bath is connected with top electrode, to top electrode conduction low temperature.Then carry out the measurement that the insulating material Space-charge under temperature gradient field and the high-voltage electric field acting in conjunction distributes.
In the present embodiment, also can regulate the temperature of high temperature constant temperature oil bath and cryogenic thermostat water-bath, make conduction equal to conduct temperature to bottom electrode to the temperature of top electrode.Then carry out the measurement that the insulating material Space-charge under homogenization temperature field and the high-voltage electric field acting in conjunction distributes.
Utilize the method for present embodiment, not only can measure easily the distribution of space charge under each time period under the different temperatures gradient, but also regulation voltage reversing time as requested realizes the space charge measurement under the different polarity of voltage reversing times of different temperatures gradient.And the liquid constant temperature that utilizes insulativity circulates to keep electrode temperature.
Used specific embodiment among the present invention principle of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; Simultaneously, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, all will change in specific embodiments and applications, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. pulse electroacoustic method space charge measurement device is characterized in that described device comprises:
The first electrode is used for contacting with the one side of tested insulating material sample;
The second electrode is used for contacting with the another side of described tested insulating material sample;
The first constant temperature source is used for to described the first electrode conduction temperature;
The second constant temperature source is used for to described the second electrode conduction temperature;
High-voltage DC power supply is used for to described the first electrode transmission of high-voltage direct current electricity;
Pulse producer is used for transmitting high-voltage pulse signal to described the first electrode;
Piezoelectric sensor, the acoustical signal that the effect that is subject to two interelectrode temperature gradient fields, high-voltage electric field and high electric field pulse for detection of described tested insulating material sample produces afterwards, and described acoustical signal is converted to electric signal output;
Semi-conductive layer;
Described the first electrode comprises: the liquid storage container of electrode column (1101) and annular hollow; The liquid storage container of annular hollow (1102) has liquid inlet (1103) and liquid outlet (1104), and the liquid storage container of annular hollow (1102) is enclosed within on the electrode column (1101); Liquid inlet (1103) is connected with described the first constant temperature source with liquid outlet (1104); Described the first electrode contacts by the one side of described semi-conductive layer with described tested insulating material sample.
2. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described the second electrode comprises: liquid introducing port, liquid containing chamber and liquid export mouth.
3. device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described the first constant temperature source is that the high temperature constant temperature circulation is bathed, described high temperature constant temperature circulation is bathed the liquid that will have the first steady temperature and is imported the liquid containing chamber of described the first electrode by the liquid introducing port of described the first electrode, and passes through the liquid export mouth recovery of described the first electrode; Described the second constant temperature source is that the cryogenic thermostat circulation is bathed, described cryogenic thermostat circulation is bathed the liquid that will have the second steady temperature and is imported the liquid containing chamber of described the second electrode by the liquid introducing port of described the second electrode, and passes through the liquid export mouth recovery of described the second electrode;
Described the first steady temperature is more than or equal to described the second steady temperature.
4. device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described the first constant temperature source is that the cryogenic thermostat circulation is bathed, described cryogenic thermostat circulation is bathed the liquid that will have the first steady temperature and is imported the liquid containing chamber of described the first electrode by the liquid introducing port of described the first electrode, and passes through the liquid export mouth recovery of described the first electrode;
Described the second constant temperature source is that the high temperature constant temperature circulation is bathed, described high temperature constant temperature circulation is bathed the liquid that will have the second steady temperature and is imported the liquid containing chamber of described the second electrode by the liquid introducing port of described the second electrode, and passes through the liquid export mouth recovery of described the second electrode;
Described the first steady temperature is less than or equal to described the second steady temperature.
5. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described device comprises: amplifier is used for the electric signal of described piezoelectric sensor output is amplified.
6. device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described device comprises: microprocessor and display, described microprocessor is used for the electric signal that described amplifier amplifies is processed, generate described tested insulating material sample space charge measurements information, and described object information is presented on the described display.
7. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described high-voltage DC power supply comprises: AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) is used for amplitude and the polarity of the high-voltage dc voltage of output are regulated.
8. a pulse electroacoustic method space charge measuring system is characterized in that, described system comprises: the bath of the first constant temperature circulating, the bath of the second constant temperature circulating, pulse electroacoustic method space charge measurement device, oscillograph and computing machine; Wherein, described pulse electroacoustic method space charge measurement device comprises:
The first electrode is used for contacting with the one side of tested insulating material sample, and is connected with described the first constant temperature circulating bath by two-way conduit;
The second electrode is used for contacting with the another side of described tested insulating material sample, and is connected with described the second constant temperature circulating bath by two-way conduit;
High-voltage DC power supply is used for to described the first electrode transmission of high-voltage direct current electricity;
Pulse producer is used for transmitting high-voltage pulse signal to described the first electrode;
Piezoelectric sensor, the acoustical signal that the effect that is subject to two interelectrode temperature gradient fields, high-voltage electric field and high electric field pulse for detection of described tested insulating material sample produces afterwards, and described acoustical signal is converted to electric signal output;
Amplifier is used for the electric signal of described piezoelectric sensor output is amplified;
Semi-conductive layer;
Described oscillograph carries out record to the electric signal that described amplifier amplifies, and described computing machine is processed the electric signal that described amplifier amplifies, and exports described tested insulating material sample space charge measurements information;
Described the first electrode comprises: the liquid storage container of electrode column (1101) and annular hollow; The liquid storage container of annular hollow (1102) has liquid inlet (1103) and liquid outlet (1104), and the liquid storage container of annular hollow (1102) is enclosed within on the electrode column (1101); Liquid inlet (1103) is connected with described the first constant temperature source with liquid outlet (1104); Described the first electrode contacts by the one side of described semi-conductive layer with described tested insulating material sample.
9. system according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described the first constant temperature circulating is bathed as the high temperature constant temperature circulation and is bathed, and described the second constant temperature circulating is bathed as cryogenic thermostat circulates and bathed, and described the first constant temperature circulating is bathed the temperature of output and bathed the temperature of exporting more than or equal to described the second constant temperature circulating; Or
Described the first constant temperature circulating is bathed as the cryogenic thermostat circulation and is bathed, and described the second constant temperature circulating is bathed as high temperature constant temperature circulates and bathed, and described the first constant temperature circulating is bathed the temperature of output and bathed the temperature of exporting less than or equal to described the second constant temperature circulating.
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