CN101731123A - Multi-branch water-supply water-saving irrigation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-branch pipe water supply and water-saving irrigation method. According to the root system distribution, ecological water demand and drought tolerance degree of planted plants in the same branch pipe irrigation area, plants with similar root system distribution, ecological water demand characteristics and drought tolerance degree are selected Divide into a group, and each group uses the same branch pipe for water supply. In this way, in the same branch irrigation area, different irrigation cycles and irrigation volumes can be set according to the differences in the ecological water demand characteristics of different groups of plants, especially in the construction of shelterbelt systems where multiple tree rows are mixed, and there are relatively large differences in water demand among tree species. When using the method provided by the present invention, the same branch pipe irrigation area can realize water supply according to different water demand characteristics of plants, enrich plant species in the protection system, increase biodiversity, improve water-saving efficiency, facilitate management, reduce maintenance costs, and expand plant species The scope of use, water saving and convenient management purposes.

Description

Multi-branch water supply and water-saving irrigation method

technical field

The invention relates to a multi-branch pipe water-supply water-saving irrigation method, especially a water-saving drip irrigation method in arid areas, and is especially suitable for shelter forests, ecological forests, economic forests and water-saving agricultural projects in arid areas that adopt inter-row mixed configuration.

Background technique

More than 1/3 of the world's land area belongs to arid and semi-arid areas. In arid areas, precipitation is scarce, evaporation is strong, and water resources are scarce. Fresh water resources are the restrictive factors for industrial and agricultural development and ecological construction in arid and semi-arid areas. Water-saving irrigation technology in arid and semi-arid areas has been widely used in agricultural production, landscaping and ecological engineering construction. The technologies used in water-saving irrigation mainly include: sprinkler irrigation technology, drip irrigation technology and infiltration irrigation technology, etc., which mainly achieve the purpose of water saving by reducing evaporation and leakage, and play an important role in economic development and environmental improvement in arid areas. .

At present, in various water-saving irrigation water supply systems, single-pipe water supply is generally used. Although single-pipe water supply can meet the water needs of the irrigation system, it cannot be used in the construction of economic forests and ecological protection forests in the way of inter-row mixing. Satisfying the water supply according to the water demand characteristics of different tree species not only affects the water saving effect, but also restricts the allocation and use of plant species, which is not conducive to the development of forest biodiversity and the stability of the system.

In traditional drip irrigation afforestation, water is pressurized by a water pump to flow through the main pipe and branch pipe to the capillary or drip irrigation belt, and the continuous dripping of the capillary dripper at the root of the plant meets the primary irrigation requirements for seedling growth.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-branch pipe water supply and water-saving irrigation method. According to the root distribution, ecological water demand and drought tolerance of the planted plants in the same branch pipe irrigation area, the root system distribution, ecological water demand characteristics and drought tolerance Those with the same degree are divided into groups, and each group uses the same branch pipe for water supply. In this way, in the same branch irrigation area, different irrigation cycles and irrigation volumes can be set according to the differences in the ecological water demand characteristics of different groups of plants, especially in the construction of a shelterbelt system where multiple tree rows are mixed, and the water demand among tree species is quite different. When using the method provided by the invention, the same branch pipe irrigation area can realize water supply according to different water demand characteristics of plants, enrich the plant species of the protection system, increase biodiversity, improve water saving efficiency, facilitate management, reduce maintenance costs, and expand plant species. The scope of use, water saving and convenient management purposes.

A kind of multi-branch pipe water-supply water-saving irrigation method of the present invention is carried out according to the following steps:

a. First plant grouping: according to the depth of the root distribution of the plant species selected in the shelterbelt or ecological engineering construction design, the characteristics of ecological water requirements, and the differences in drought tolerance, the root distribution, drought tolerance, irrigation cycle and irrigation volume are grouped. Essentially identical plants are grouped together;

b. Determine the number of branch pipes: In the same branch pipe irrigation area, the number of branch pipes is based on the number of groups of plants and the difference in ecological water requirements of different plants. Different irrigation cycles and irrigation volumes are set. Each group of plants uses different Branch water supply;

c. The number of plant groups in the same branch irrigation area, according to the differences in the normal growth and development irrigation cycle and irrigation amount between the plant species used, the number of plant species is divided into 2-3 groups;

d. Determination of the diameter of the branch pipe: the diameter of the branch pipe is the sum of the water output of all drip irrigators that supply water to plants in the branch pipe irrigation area;

e. Connection between branch pipes and main pipes: divert the water supply from the main pipes to different branch pipes through tees. There are ball valves on the water distribution pipes to control the water volume. Capillary, for the water demand of different plants, the capillary on different branch pipes is used to provide the required water.

In step e, the main pipe (1) is connected to the bottom of the water outlet vertical pipe (2) through the tee (6), and the top of the water outlet vertical pipe (2) is connected to the water distribution pipe (7) through the tee (6), and the water distribution pipe ( The two ends of 7) are connected with the branch pipe (3) through the central male thread tee (4), the capillary pipe is connected on the branch pipe (3), and the ball valve (5) is fixed on the water distribution pipe (7).

The multi-branch pipe water supply and water-saving irrigation method described in the present invention is mainly aimed at arid and semi-arid areas. The water supply system cannot solve the problem of separately supplying water to different plant species in the same branch pipe irrigation area. The present invention is based on the difference in ecological water demand among different plant species, and adopts different branch pipe water supply technologies for plants with different ecological water demand to solve the above problems, so as to expand the use range of plant species, save water and facilitate management. Purpose.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the multi-branch pipe water supply and water-saving structure of the present invention

Detailed ways

Further describe below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and provide embodiment

Example

In the multi-branch pipe water supply and water-saving irrigation method of the present invention, the multi-branch pipe is connected to the bottom of the water outlet vertical pipe (2) by the main pipe (1) through the tee (6), and the top of the water outlet vertical pipe (2) is connected by the tee (6) Connect with the water distribution pipe (7), the two ends of the water distribution pipe (7) are connected with the branch pipe (3) through the central male threaded tee (4), connect the capillary pipe on the branch pipe (3), and connect the capillary pipe on the branch pipe (7) A ball valve (5) is fixed on it.

The water-saving irrigation method of multi-branch water supply is as follows:

a. First plant grouping: according to the depth of the root distribution of the plant species selected in the shelterbelt or ecological engineering construction design, the characteristics of ecological water requirements, and the differences in drought tolerance, the root distribution, drought tolerance, irrigation cycle and irrigation volume are grouped. Essentially identical plants are grouped together;

b. Determine the number of branch pipes: In the same branch pipe irrigation area, the number of branch pipes is based on the number of groups of plants and the difference in ecological water requirements of different plants. Different irrigation cycles and irrigation volumes are set. Each group of plants uses different Branch water supply;

c. The number of plant groups in the same branch irrigation area is divided into 2-3 groups for the convenience of management and Generally, the construction should not exceed 4 groups;

d. Determination of the diameter of the branch pipe: the diameter of the branch pipe is the sum of the water output of all drip irrigators that supply water to plants in the branch pipe irrigation area;

e. Connection between branch pipes and main pipes: divert the water supply from the main pipes to different branch pipes through tees. There are ball valves on the water distribution pipes to control the water volume. Capillary, for the water demand of different plants, the capillary on different branch pipes is used to provide the required water.

Operation and management of multi-branch water supply: The biggest advantage of multi-branch water supply is that different irrigation systems can be set according to the ecological water demand characteristics of different groups of plants in the same branch irrigation area. However, since the water supply volume, water supply time, and water supply cycle of each branch pipe may be different, the multi-branch pipe water supply should adopt scientific and reasonable irrigation methods according to the ecological water demand characteristics of each group of plants. , irrigation time, irrigation cycle and the total water supply of the water source, and determine the size of the irrigation area and rotation irrigation for each irrigation, in order to give full play to its advantages.

The method of the invention has been popularized and used in the construction process of the 436-kilometer shelterbelt ecological project on the Tarim Desert Highway, and the application effect is good. The Tarim Desert Highway Shelterbelt Ecological Project adopts excellent sand-fixing plants mainly composed of three types of shrubs, Tamarix, Tamarix, and Haloxylon, but the root distribution and growth characteristics of the three types of shrubs, Tamarix, and H. The difference is that after the seedlings have survived and stabilized (after the second year of afforestation), the root systems of Haloxylon and Tamarix are relatively deep. Under the condition of ensuring the normal growth of the plants, the irrigation cycle can be extended for more than 30 days, while Azalea should not exceed 20 days. And over time, this difference will become more significant. In order to save water more effectively and reduce management intensity, the multi-branch pipe water supply and water-saving irrigation method of the present invention is adopted: first, the main pipe 1 in the multi-branch pipe is connected to the bottom of the water outlet vertical pipe 2 through the tee 6, and the water outlet vertical pipe 2 The top of the pipe is connected with the water distribution pipe 7 through the tee 6, and the two ends of the water distribution pipe 7 are connected with the branch pipe 3 through the central male threaded tee 4, and the ball valve 5 is fixed on the water distribution pipe 7. When in use, lay the connected multi-branch pipes in the shelterbelt ecological project, and then according to the large differences in the root distribution and growth characteristics of the three types of shrubs, Haloxylon jujube, Tamarix and Haloxylon, Haloxylon and Tamarix have deep root systems. In the case of normal plant growth, the irrigation cycle can be extended for more than 30 days, while Azalea should not exceed 20 days. That is to say, Azalea is divided into one group, Tamarix and Haloxylon are divided into one group, and Azalea is divided into one group. Connect to one branch pipe 3, connect Tamarix and Haloxylon to another branch pipe 3, open the ball valve 5 on the water distribution pipe 7, the water passes through the main pipe 1, the water outlet vertical pipe 2, the water distribution pipe 7 and the branch pipe 3 respectively along the The set groups can irrigate different plant species with different irrigation periods and irrigation volumes, thereby saving irrigation volume, reducing irrigation management intensity, and saving power energy.

Claims (2)

1. A multi-branch water supply and water-saving irrigation method is characterized in that it is carried out in the following steps: a. First plant grouping: according to the depth of the root distribution of the plant species selected in the shelterbelt or ecological engineering construction design, the characteristics of ecological water requirements, and the differences in drought tolerance, the root distribution, drought tolerance, irrigation cycle and irrigation volume are grouped. Essentially identical plants are grouped together; b. Determine the number of branch pipes: In the same branch pipe irrigation area, the number of branch pipes is based on the number of groups of plants and the difference in ecological water requirements of different plants. Different irrigation cycles and irrigation volumes are set. Each group of plants uses different Branch water supply; c. The number of plant groups in the same branch irrigation area, according to the differences in the normal growth and development irrigation cycle and irrigation amount between the plant species used, the number of plant species is divided into 2-3 groups; d. Determination of the diameter of the branch pipe: the diameter of the branch pipe is the sum of the water output of all drip irrigators that supply water to plants in the branch pipe irrigation area; e. Connection between the branch pipe and the main pipe: divert the water supply from the main pipe to the water distribution pipe through a tee. There are ball valves on the water distribution pipe to control the water volume. , For the water demand of different plants, the capillaries on different branch pipes are used to provide the required water. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in step e, the main pipe (1) is connected to the bottom of the water outlet vertical pipe (2) through a tee (6), and the top of the water outlet vertical pipe (2) is passed through a tee (6) Connect with the water distribution pipe (7), the two ends of the water distribution pipe (7) are connected with the branch pipe (3) through the central male threaded tee (4), connect the capillary pipe on the branch pipe (3), and connect the capillary pipe on the branch pipe (7) A ball valve (5) is fixed on it.

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