CN101717947A - Method for producing nickel-molybdenum-sulfur hydrogen evolution electrode - Google Patents
Method for producing nickel-molybdenum-sulfur hydrogen evolution electrode Download PDFInfo
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- CN101717947A CN101717947A CN200910228393A CN200910228393A CN101717947A CN 101717947 A CN101717947 A CN 101717947A CN 200910228393 A CN200910228393 A CN 200910228393A CN 200910228393 A CN200910228393 A CN 200910228393A CN 101717947 A CN101717947 A CN 101717947A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing a nickel-molybdenum-sulfur hydrogen evolution electrode, comprising the following steps: (1) preparing aqueous plating solution according to the formula of (a) nickel-sulfur solution which comprises 280-350 g/L of nickel sulfate, 90-150 g/L of nickel chloride, 35-50 g/L of thiourea and 10-30 g/L of boric acid and the formula of (b) nickel-molybdenum solution which comprises 230-300 g/L of nickel sulfate, 90-130 g/L of potassium carbonate, 120-180 g/L of trisodium citrate and 90-150 g/L of nickel chloride, and (2) sequentially electroplating nickel-sulfur, nickel-molybdenum, nickel-sulfur and nickel-molybdenum by taking a nickel plate as the anode and foamed nickel as the cathode and keeping a distance of 20-150 mm between the anode and the cathode. The nickel-molybdenum-sulfur hydrogen evolution electrode produced with the method has high activity and low energy consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Preparation of Hydrogen field, particularly relate to a kind of preparation method of less energy-consumption nickel-molybdenum-sulfur hydrogen evolution electrode.
Background technology
The water electrolysis hydrogen producing equipment of present domestic each manufacturer production, unit hydrogen power consumption is about 4.5～5.5kwh/Nm
3H
2And the method for water electrolysis hydrogen producing is than other hydrogen production process energy consumption height such as gas renormalizing hydrogen manufacturing, methanol decomposition hydrogen manufacturing, transformation absorption hydrogen manufacturing, ammonia cracking hydrogen production, biological hydrogen productions, so the electricity-eating tiger of being known as.Therefore, the energy consumption that how to reduce water electrolysis hydrogen producing is the target that the insider pursues always.
Basic theory by water electrolysis knows that for certain electrolyzer, under the certain situation of operational condition, the actual decomposition voltage of water electrolysis is relevant with overvoltage.Because the overvoltage separated out on anode of oxygen is less, the overvoltage that hydrogen is separated out on negative electrode is bigger, so thereby some scholars reach the overvoltage that how to reduce hydrogen and reduce the water electrolysis hydrogen producing energy consumption and constantly explore and study both at home and abroad always.And electrode is as the place of electrochemical reaction, and its structure Design and optimization of preparation are the keys of brine electrolysis technology always, and it plays important role to reducing electrolysis energy consumption.
The electrode base material of water electrolysis is generally iron, soft steel or nickel.Nickel and various transition element, the hydrogen overvoltage that has as the binary alloy electrode of the binary alloy of formation such as Zn, Co, Cr, Mo preparation is lower than nickel electrode; And the multicomponent alloy electrode, as the Ni-Mo-Cd electrode, the activity that has is higher, but in alkali lye its activity in time prolongation and reduce.Though the hydrogen-precipitating electrode that occurred having greater activity abroad, energy consumption is low, its cost an arm and a leg, the production cost height.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of preparation method with greater activity, energy consumption is lower and price is lower nickel-molybdenum-sulfur hydrogen evolution electrode.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of preparation method of nickel-molybdenum-sulfur hydrogen evolution electrode may further comprise the steps:
1) by following formulated aqueous solution plating bath:
A) nickel-sulphur solution: single nickel salt 280～350g/L, nickelous chloride 90～150g/L, thiocarbamide 35～50g/L, boric acid 10g/L～30g/L;
B) nickel-molybdenum solution: single nickel salt 230～300g/L, salt of wormwood 90～130g/L, trisodium citrate 120～180g g/L, nickelous chloride 90～150g/L.
2) electroplate: make anode with the nickel plate, make negative electrode with nickel foam, two distance between electrodes are 20～150mm, and electroplating process is as follows:
First pass nickel-sulphur: 25～55 ℃ of temperature, current density 2～6A/m
2, time 10～30min;
First pass nickel-molybdenum: 20～50 ℃ of temperature, current density 2～8A/m
2, time 40～80min;
Second time nickel-sulphur: 20～50 ℃ of temperature, current density 2～6A/m
2, time 10～30min;
Second time nickel-molybdenum: 20～50 ℃ of temperature, current density 2～8A/m
2, time 40～80min.
Preferably, above-mentioned preparation method carries out oil removing and pickling to foam nickel electrode before also being included in and electroplating, described oil removing process is: degreasing fluid is heated to 35～55 ℃, the pH value of degreasing fluid is 10～14, nickel foam is put into degreasing fluid, connect power supply, average current density is 4～10A/m
2, at each oil removing 5～20min of positive and negative electrode; Described acid cleaning process is: will put into hydrochloric acid except that the nickel foam of intact oil, and soak, the hydrochloric acid mass percent concentration is 30%～60%, and temperature is 20～40 ℃, and the pickling time is 10～30min.
The screening formulation of described aqueous solution plating bath is: a) nickel-sulphur solution: single nickel salt 320g/L, nickelous chloride 120g/L, thiocarbamide 40g/L, boric acid 20g/L; B) nickel-molybdenum solution: single nickel salt 265g/L, salt of wormwood 110g/L, trisodium citrate 50g/L, nickelous chloride 120g/L.
Preferably, described distance between electrodes is 70～90mm.
Preferably, described electroplating technology is:
First pass nickel-sulphur: 38 ℃ of temperature, current density 4A/m
2, time 20min;
First pass nickel-molybdenum: 35 ℃ of temperature, current density 5A/m
2, time 60min;
Second time nickel-sulphur: 35 ℃ of temperature, current density 4A/m
2, time 20min;
Second time nickel-molybdenum: 35 ℃ of temperature, current density 5A/m
2, time 60min.
Experimental results show that, when the electrolyzer that the nickel-molybdenum-sulfur hydrogen evolution electrode that utilization is prepared by method of the present invention is assembled into carries out water electrolysis hydrogen producing, can can reduce by 12～20% by the former plasma spraying Ni-Al of loss-rate negative electrode, energy-saving effect is obvious, and its price only is 1/3～1/5 of an external same consumption energy hydrogen-precipitating electrode.
Embodiment
Preparation method to Ni-Mo-S hydrogen-precipitating electrode of the present invention is elaborated below in conjunction with specific embodiment.Electroplating technology in following examples all carries out in having the simulation electrolyzer that 16 cells, diameter are 150mm.
Embodiment 1
1) aqueous solution electroplate liquid formulation:
Nickel-sulphur solution: single nickel salt 300g/L, nickelous chloride 100g/L, thiocarbamide 40g/L, boric acid 20g/L.
Nickel-molybdenum solution: single nickel salt 285g/L, salt of wormwood 120g/L, trisodium citrate 150g/L, nickelous chloride 120g/L.
2) make anode with the nickel plate, nickel foam is made negative electrode, and distance between electrodes is 80mm.
3) electroplating technology:
First pass nickel-sulphur: 38 ℃ of temperature, current density 4A/m
2, time 20min.
First pass nickel-molybdenum: 35 ℃ of temperature, current density 5A/m
2, time 60min.
Second time nickel-sulphur: 38 ℃ of temperature, current density 4A/m
2, time 20min.
Second time nickel-molybdenum: 35 ℃ of temperature, current density 5A/m
2, time 60min.
Adopt above-mentioned electrochemical plating in aqueous medium, can make Ni-Mo-S hydrogen-precipitating electrode A.
Embodiment 2
1) aqueous solution electroplate liquid formulation:
Nickel-sulphur solution: single nickel salt 290g/L, nickelous chloride 108g/L, thiocarbamide 36g/L, boric acid 18g/L;
Nickel-molybdenum solution: single nickel salt 238g/L, salt of wormwood 99g/L, trisodium citrate 135g/L, nickelous chloride 108g/L.
2) make anode with the nickel plate, nickel foam is made negative electrode, and distance between electrodes is 70mm.
3) electroplating technology:
First pass nickel-sulphur: 36 ℃ of temperature, current density 3A/m
2, time 30min.
First pass nickel-molybdenum: 30 ℃ of temperature, current density 3A/m
2, time 80min.
Second time nickel-sulphur: 36 ℃ of temperature, current density 3A/m
2, time 30min.
Second time nickel-molybdenum: 30 ℃ of temperature, current density 3A/m
2, time 80min.
Adopt above-mentioned electrochemical plating in aqueous medium, can make Ni-Mo-S hydrogen-precipitating electrode B.
Embodiment 3
1) aqueous solution electroplate liquid formulation:
Nickel-sulphur solution: single nickel salt 340g/L, nickelous chloride 145g/L, thiocarbamide 48g/L, boric acid 28g/L;
Nickel-molybdenum solution: single nickel salt 295g/L, salt of wormwood 125g/L, trisodium citrate 170g/L, nickelous chloride 150g/L.
2) make anode with the nickel plate, nickel foam is made negative electrode, and distance between electrodes is 145mm.
3) electroplating technology:
First pass nickel-sulphur: 50 ℃ of temperature, current density 6A/m
2, time 28min.
First pass nickel-molybdenum: 48 ℃ of temperature, current density 7A/m
2, time 75min.
Second time nickel-sulphur: 45 ℃ of temperature, current density 6A/m
2, time 28min.
Second time nickel-molybdenum: 45 ℃ of temperature, current density 7A/m
2, time 78min.
Adopt above-mentioned electrochemical plating in aqueous medium, can make Ni-Mo-S hydrogen-precipitating electrode C.
Embodiment 4
1) aqueous solution electroplate liquid formulation:
Nickel-sulphur solution: single nickel salt 290g/L, nickelous chloride 100g/L, thiocarbamide 45g/L, boric acid 15g/L;
Nickel-molybdenum solution: single nickel salt 235g/L, salt of wormwood 100g/L, trisodium citrate 130g/L, nickelous chloride 95g/L.
2) oil removing: degreasing fluid is heated to 38 ℃, and the pH value of degreasing fluid is 11, and nickel foam is put into degreasing fluid, connects power supply, and average current density is 5A/m
2, at each oil removing 8min of positive and negative electrode.Described degreasing fluid is added water to 2500ml and is made by sodium hydroxide 120g, sodium phosphate 75g, yellow soda ash 75g.
3) pickling: will put into hydrochloric acid except that the nickel foam of intact oil, and soak, the hydrochloric acid mass percent concentration is 35, and temperature is 25 ℃, and the pickling time is 15min.
4) make anode with the nickel plate, nickel foam is made negative electrode, and distance between electrodes is 30mm.
5) electroplating technology:
First pass nickel-sulphur: 28 ℃ of temperature, current density 3A/m2, time 15min.
First pass nickel-molybdenum: 22 ℃ of temperature, current density 3A/m2, time 45min.
Second time nickel-sulphur: 28 ℃ of temperature, current density 3A/m2, time 15min.
Second time nickel-molybdenum: 22 ℃ of temperature, current density 3A/m2, time 45min.
Adopt above-mentioned electrochemical plating in aqueous medium, can make Ni-Mo-S hydrogen-precipitating electrode D.
Embodiment 5
1) aqueous solution electroplate liquid formulation:
Nickel-sulphur solution: single nickel salt 340g/L, nickelous chloride 145g/L, thiocarbamide 48g/L, boric acid 28g/L;
Nickel-molybdenum solution: single nickel salt 295g/L, salt of wormwood 125g/L, trisodium citrate 170g/L, nickelous chloride 150g/L.
2) oil removing: (its compound method is with embodiment 4) is heated to 50 ℃ with degreasing fluid, and the pH value of degreasing fluid is 13 (different with the temperature of embodiment 4, as to cause the pH value difference), and nickel foam is put into degreasing fluid, connects power supply, and average current density is 9A/m
2, at each oil removing 16min of positive and negative electrode;
3) pickling: will put into hydrochloric acid except that the nickel foam of intact oil, and soak, the hydrochloric acid mass percent concentration is 55, and temperature is 35 ℃, and the pickling time is 25min.
4) make anode with the nickel plate, nickel foam is made negative electrode, and distance between electrodes is 145mm.
5) electroplating technology:
First pass nickel-sulphur: 50 ℃ of temperature, current density 6A/m
2, time 28min.
First pass nickel-molybdenum: 48 ℃ of temperature, current density 7A/m
2, time 75min.
Second time nickel-sulphur: 45 ℃ of temperature, current density 6A/m
2, time 28min.
Second time nickel-molybdenum: 45 ℃ of temperature, current density 7A/m
2, time 78min.
Adopt above-mentioned electrochemical plating in aqueous medium, can make Ni-Mo-S hydrogen-precipitating electrode E.
Detected result is as follows when adopting hydrogen-precipitating electrode that the various embodiments described above make to carry out water electrolysis hydrogen producing as the negative plate of electrolyzer:
| Hydrogen-precipitating electrode | Hydrogen output m 3/h | Hydrogen purity %V/V | Electrolyzer working direct current A | Electrolyzer working volts direct current V | The hydrogen manufacturing direct current consumption kwh/Nm of unit 3 | Current density A/m 2 |
| ??A | ??0.2 | ??99.7 | ??31.4 | ??26.7 | ??4.2 | ??3000 |
| ??B | ??0.19 | ??99.7 | ??31.4 | ??26.7 | ??4.2 | ??3000 |
| ??C | ??0.19 | ??99.7 | ??31.4 | ??26.7 | ??4.2 | ??3000 |
| ??D | ??0.18 | ??99.6 | ??31.4 | ??26.7 | ??4.2 | ??3000 |
| ??E | ??0.18 | ??99.5 | ??31.4 | ??26.7 | ??4.2 | ??3000 |
The technical parameter such as the following table that possess electrolyzer with the electrolyzer of domestic and international other company of hydrogen-precipitating electrode of the present invention:
This shows that the energy efficiency that possesses the electrolyzer of hydrogen-precipitating electrode of the present invention is higher than domestic other hydrogen producer, its current consumption index is near external advanced level.And the price of hydrogen-precipitating electrode of the present invention only is 1/3～1/5 of an external hydrogen-precipitating electrode.
Claims (7)
1. the preparation method of a nickel-molybdenum-sulfur hydrogen evolution electrode is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) by following formulated aqueous solution plating bath:
A) nickel-sulphur solution: single nickel salt 280～350g/L, nickelous chloride 90～150g/L, thiocarbamide 35～50g/L, boric acid 10g/L～30g/L;
B) nickel-molybdenum solution: single nickel salt 230～300g/L, salt of wormwood 90～130g/L, trisodium citrate 120～180g/L, nickelous chloride 90～150g/L.
2) electroplate: make anode with the nickel plate, make negative electrode with nickel foam, two distance between electrodes are 20～150mm, and electroplating process is as follows:
First pass nickel-sulphur: 25～55 ℃ of temperature, current density 2～6A/m
2, time 10～30min;
First pass nickel-molybdenum: 20～50 ℃ of temperature, current density 2～8A/m
2, time 40～80min;
Second time nickel-sulphur: 20～50 ℃ of temperature, current density 2～6A/m
2, time 10～30min;
Second time nickel-molybdenum: 20～50 ℃ of temperature, current density 2～8A/m
2, time 40～80min.
2. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also be included in to electroplate and before foam nickel electrode carried out oil removing and pickling.
3. preparation method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described oil removing process is: degreasing fluid is heated to 35～55 ℃, and the pH value of degreasing fluid is 10～14, and nickel foam is put into degreasing fluid, connects power supply, and average current density is 4～10A/m
2, at each oil removing 5～20min of positive and negative electrode.
4. preparation method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described acid cleaning process is: will put into hydrochloric acid except that the nickel foam of intact oil, soak, the mass percent concentration of hydrochloric acid is 30%～60%, and temperature is 20～40 ℃, and the pickling time is 10～30min.
5. according to each described preparation method in the claim 1～4, it is characterized in that the prescription of described aqueous solution plating bath is: a) nickel-sulphur solution: single nickel salt 320g/L, nickelous chloride 120g/L, thiocarbamide 40g/L, boric acid 20g/L; B) nickel-molybdenum solution: single nickel salt 265g/L, salt of wormwood 110g/L, trisodium citrate 50g/L, nickelous chloride 120g/L.
6. according to each described preparation method in the claim 1～4, it is characterized in that: described distance between electrodes is 70～90mm.
7. according to each described preparation method in the claim 1～4, it is characterized in that described electroplating technology is:
First pass nickel-sulphur: 38 ℃ of temperature, current density 4A/m
2, time 20min.
First pass nickel-molybdenum: 35 ℃ of temperature, current density 5A/m
2, time 60min.
Second time nickel-sulphur: 38 ℃ of temperature, current density 4A/m
2, time 20min.
Second time nickel-molybdenum: 35 ℃ of temperature, current density 5A/m
2, time 60min.
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102127775A (en) * | 2011-02-21 | 2011-07-20 | 天津市大陆制氢设备有限公司 | Method for preparing nickel-molybdenum-sulfur hydrogen evolution electrode |
| CN102170535A (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2011-08-31 | 世盟科信（北京）国际科技发展有限公司 | Television signal restore and output system |
| CN102531551A (en) * | 2012-02-23 | 2012-07-04 | 清华大学 | Method for preparing hydrogen electrode of solid oxide electrolytic cell |
| CN103397339A (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2013-11-20 | 华南理工大学 | Composite catalytic electrode for producing oxygen by electrolyzing water, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN109072461A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2018-12-21 | 西门子股份公司 | The technology of anode activation in situ is carried out by the cathode in alkaline water electrolytic pond |
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2009
- 2009-11-20 CN CN200910228393A patent/CN101717947A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102127775A (en) * | 2011-02-21 | 2011-07-20 | 天津市大陆制氢设备有限公司 | Method for preparing nickel-molybdenum-sulfur hydrogen evolution electrode |
| CN102170535A (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2011-08-31 | 世盟科信（北京）国际科技发展有限公司 | Television signal restore and output system |
| CN102531551A (en) * | 2012-02-23 | 2012-07-04 | 清华大学 | Method for preparing hydrogen electrode of solid oxide electrolytic cell |
| CN103397339A (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2013-11-20 | 华南理工大学 | Composite catalytic electrode for producing oxygen by electrolyzing water, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN103397339B (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2016-06-22 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of electrolysis Aquatic product oxygen composite catalyzing electrode and preparation method thereof and application |
| CN109072461A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2018-12-21 | 西门子股份公司 | The technology of anode activation in situ is carried out by the cathode in alkaline water electrolytic pond |
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