CN101704169B - Welding wire for gas shielded welding of aging martensitic stainless steel - Google Patents

Welding wire for gas shielded welding of aging martensitic stainless steel Download PDF

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CN101704169B
CN101704169B CN200910223502XA CN200910223502A CN101704169B CN 101704169 B CN101704169 B CN 101704169B CN 200910223502X A CN200910223502X A CN 200910223502XA CN 200910223502 A CN200910223502 A CN 200910223502A CN 101704169 B CN101704169 B CN 101704169B
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welding
welding wire
wire
stainless steel
martensitic stainless
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CN101704169A (en
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郭绍庆
周标
刘文慧
熊华平
张学军
陈云峰
张文扬
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BEIJING INSTITUTE OF AERONAUTICAL MATERIALS CHINA AVIATION INDUSTRY GROUP Corp
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a welding wire suitable for welding aging martensitic stainless steel. The welding wire comprises the following chemical components, by weight percent: 0.01-0.09% of C, 0.2-0.6% of Si, 0.2-1.0% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.025% of P, less than or equal to 0.025% of S, 14-17% of Cr, 4.2-5.8% of Ni, 3.0-4.0% of Cu, 0.1-0.5% of Nb, less than or equal to 0.75% of Mo and the balance of Fe. The welding wire used for welding 15-5PH aging martensitic stainless steel can avoid forming a ferrite net in the martensitic tissue of a welding seam, so that the plasticity and the toughness of a joint are ensured, and the welding wire also has superior welding properties and can effectively avoid welding thermal cracks. After being used for welding the 15-5PH stainless steel, the welding wire has favorable all-round properties by complete heat treatment and is suitable for the gas shielded welding of the aging martensitic stainless steel in the fields of the aviation industry and other industries.

Description

Welding wire for gas shielded welding of aging martensitic stainless steel
Technical field
The invention belongs to the welding wire that relates to a kind of 15-5PH of being used for and other gas shielded welding of aging martensitic stainless steel.
Background technology
15-5PH, 17-4PH steel belong to martensitic precipitation, and the Ms point of this class steel is higher, and the Mf point is also more than room temperature, so through after the solution treatment, almost can obtain whole martensitic structures.Simultaneously, after lonneal, can reach the effect of ageing strengthening owing to contain intensified elements such as solid solubility is very little in martensite Cu, Al, Mo, Ti, Nb.15-5PH and 17-4PH mainly produce the precipitation-hardening effect by the copper-rich phase that timeliness is separated out.15-5PH can be used to be manufactured on the load part of working under the atmospheric conditions and contact with fuel at the part of working below 300 ℃, as aircraft covering, framework, top gem of a girdle-pendant bar, corrugated sheet, fuel tank etc.Its maximum characteristics are to obtain different intensity and toughness and to cooperate by adjusting heat treating regime (hardening heat, the type of cooling, temperature etc.), thereby can satisfy the needs of different parts.
These two kinds of steel have good weldability, can not produce weld crack generally speaking, and the martensite that occurs in the welding point belongs to low-carbon martensite, and is also insensitive to cold crack.Under the little situation of constraint (restraint) degree, generally do not need weld preheating and slow cooling.Aging martensitic stainless steel adopts the welding of homogeneity welding wire usually, adopts homogeneity to fill the 15-5PH molten steel wing that wire bond has connect high speed passenger craft as people such as Japanese Fujita.But owing to 15-5PH is obtained for the raising plasticity and toughness improve on the 17-4PH basis, it has reduced chromium equivalent and has improved nickel equivalent, has eliminated delta ferrite, has therefore also lost delta ferrite to reducing the advantageous effect of fire check.Adopt when not filling silk method (as Laser Welding, electron beam welding) and homogeneity packing material welding 15-5PH, fire check takes place easily because of no delta ferrite in the weld seam forms tendency.When the laser weld that do not fill silk 15-5PH and HP9-4-20 steel because of forming NbC-austenite eutectic composition fire check [M.J.Cieslak.Welding Research Supplement.1987, Feb., 57s] takes place.At present welding 15-5PH recommend usually to adopt 17-4PH material welding wire [American Welding Society (AWS) compiles. the welding handbook, the Volume Four, the 7th edition, P188. Beijing: China Machine Press, 1991], adopt this welding wire welding 15-5PH because of the delta ferrite of some appears in weld seam, HOT CRACK FOR WELDING P is had high resistance, but adopt this welding wire to have the reduction of weld seam toughness plasticity and weld seam and the unmatched shortcoming of mother metal corrosion resistance.Can form the delta ferrite of the high-Cr of some in the weld seam martensitic structure of employing 17-4PH material welding wire welding 15-5PH steel, parse the rich Cr phase that is highly brittle this further branch in drawing process, worsen the mechanical property of weld seam, impact flexibility that especially can butt welded seam causes adverse effect; Because the structural state and the mother metal of weld seam and heat affected area there are differences, and resistance to corrosion reduces, especially the stress corrosion resistant ability reduces obviously simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide not only can keeping the weld seam toughness plasticity but also improving the welding wire of the gas shielded welding of aging martensitic stainless steel of weld seam fire check drag of a kind of 15-5PH of being used for steel welding.Technical solution of the present invention is that the percentage by weight of component of weld wire is: C 0.01-0.09, and Si0.2-0.6, Mn 0.2-1.0, P≤0.025, S≤0.025, Cr 14-17, Ni 4.2-5.8, Cu 3.0-4.0, Nb 0.1-0.5, Mo≤0.75, surplus is Fe; The preparation method of welding wire is:
(1) adopts vacuum induction furnace smelting welding wire steel, its process conditions: vacuum 0.1~10Pa, 1530~1590 ℃ of refining temperatures, refining time 5~15 minutes, pouring temperature, 1460~1550 ℃;
(2) adopt vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace remelting welding wire steel, its process conditions: vacuum 0.1~1.0Pa, voltage 20~35V, current density 150~200A/cm 2, speed of melting 5.0~10.0cm/min;
(3) ingot casting after the remelting is removed shrinkage cavity, car epidermis after, carry out cogging and forge, forge standard and be: 1150 ℃ ± 10 ℃ of heating-up temperatures, insulation 60min increases deflection gradually, is swaged into square rod;
(4) the square rod open die forging after cogging is forged is a bar, and the flat-die forging standard is: 1130 ℃ ± 10 ℃, and insulation 20~40min, temperature retention time reduces and shortens with the bar cross section;
(5) with the bar hot continuous rolling pencil rod behind the open die forging, the hot continuous rolling standard is: 900 ℃~950 ℃ of heating-up temperatures, insulation 1~2h;
(6) pencil rod after the hot rolling is carried out drawing on wire-drawing equipment, in drawing process, pencil rod is carried out intermediate annealing handle, the annealing standard is: 620 ℃~650 ℃ of heating-up temperatures, and insulation 1~2h is until being the welding wire of target size with its drawing;
(7) HCl+HNO is at first adopted in welding wire pickling 3+ H 2SO 4Aqueous solution sizing is used 25%~30%HNO again 3Aqueous solution light is handled.
The know-why of the invention described above is:
By adjusting the chromium equivalent Cr in the welding wire EqWith nickel equivalent Ni EqDelta ferrite quantity in the control weld seam, it is had a common boundary and the crystal boundary place with the austenite polycrystalline grain that a small amount of and non-continuous state come across hot stage, utilize it to the dissolving of impurity such as P, S and the wetting reduction hot tearing sensitiveness of obstruction segregation liquid film, utilize delta ferrite residual under the normal temperature state to improve joint anti intercrystalline corrosion and stress corrosion resistant ability.Cr EqIncrease rate should limit to some extent, avoids occurring rich chromium delta ferrite.Suitably reduce chromium equivalent Cr EqWith raising nickel equivalent Ni EqAvoid in martensitic structure, forming ferrite net.
Suitably improve the phosphorus content of welding wire, heat crack resistance improves in the duplex structure that makes itself and carbide former cause austenite and carbide in weld seam.Utilize carbon content can significantly improve nickel equivalent Ni simultaneously EqEffect adjust the Ni of welding wire Eq
Adopt the vacuum consumable remelting to improve the welding wire degree of purity, reduce welding wire gas content and S, P, Si content, being mingled with in reduction and the disperse welding wire controlled weld seam solidifying segregation and intergranular low melting point liquid film with this, thereby improves weld seam heat resistanceheat resistant crackle ability.Simultaneously also help keeping the toughness plasticity of weld seam.
Advantage that the present invention has and beneficial effect: adopt welding wire welding 15-5PH steel weldability of the present invention good, can effectively prevent the generation of HOT CRACK FOR WELDING P; Strength of joint is maintained, and the strength of joint coefficient reaches more than 90%, and toughness plasticity improves, and impact toughness reaches mother metal more than 70%; Joint possesses good corrosion resistance and anti-stress corrosion performance simultaneously, joint stress corrosion fracture toughness K ISCCReach mother metal more than 75%.
The specific embodiment:
Choose soldering wire alloy composition (wt%): C 0.01-0.09, Si 0.2-0.6, Mn 0.2-1.0, P≤0.025, S≤0.025, Cr 14-17, Ni 4.2-5.8, Cu 3.0-4.0, Nb 0.1-0.5, Mo≤0.75, surplus is Fe.
The preparation method of welding wire is:
(1) charge composition
According to the target content and the melting scaling loss coefficient of each element, determine each proportion of raw materials.
(2) adopt vacuum induction furnace smelting welding wire steel, its process conditions: vacuum 0.1~10Pa, 1530~1590 ℃ of refining temperatures, refining time 5~15 minutes, pouring temperature, 1460~1550 ℃.
(3) adopt vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace remelting welding wire steel, its process conditions: vacuum 0.1~1.0Pa, voltage 20~35V, current density 150~200A/cm 2, speed of melting 5.0~10.0cm/min.
(3) cogging is forged
After ingot casting removed shrinkage cavity, car epidermis, carry out cogging and forge, forge standard and be: 1150 ℃ ± 10 ℃ of heating-up temperatures, insulation 60min increases deflection gradually, is swaged into square rod.
(4) flat-die forging
Square rod open die forging after cogging forged is a bar, and the flat-die forging standard is: 1130 ℃ ± 10 ℃, insulation 20~40min, temperature retention time with the bar cross section reduce and corresponding shortening.
(5) hot rolling
With the bar hot continuous rolling pencil rod behind the open die forging, the hot continuous rolling standard is: 900 ℃~950 ℃ of heating-up temperatures, insulation 1~2h.
(6) drawing welding wire
Pencil rod after the hot rolling is carried out drawing on wire-drawing equipment, in drawing process, pencil rod is carried out intermediate annealing handle, the annealing standard is: 620 ℃~650 ℃ of heating-up temperatures, insulation 1~2h.Until being the welding wire of target size with its drawing.
(7) welding wire pickling
At first adopt HCl+HNO 3+ H 2SO 4Aqueous solution sizing is used 25%~30%HNO again 3Aqueous solution light is handled.
Embodiment:
Prepare 5 welding wires respectively, welding wire is formed the component that adopts respectively in the table 1.
Table 1 component of weld wire (wt.%)
C Si Mn P S Cr Ni Cu Nb Mo Fe
1# 0.03 0.40 0.60 0.015 0.015 15.0 5.2 3.2 0.40 Bal.
2# 0.09 0.40 0.60 0.01 0.005 15.8 5.8 3.5 0.50 Bal.
3# 0.01 0.30 0.70 0.02 0.015 15.9 4.5 3.5 0.35 Bal.
4# 0.04 0.60 0.65 0.02 0.015 16.8 5.5 3.7 0.30 0.30 Bal.
5# 0.06 0.30 0.50 0.015 0.015 14.2 4.2 3.5 0.40 0.20 Bal.
(1) charge composition
According to the target content and the melting scaling loss coefficient of each element, determine each proportion of raw materials.
(2) adopt the vacuum induction furnace smelting welding wire steel.Its process conditions: vacuum 0.1~10Pa, 1530~1590 ℃ of refining temperatures, refining time 5~15 minutes, pouring temperature, 1460~1550 ℃.
(3) adopt vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace remelting welding wire steel.Its process conditions: vacuum 0.1~1.0Pa, voltage 20~35V, current density 150~200A/cm 2, speed of melting 5.0~10.0cm/min.
(3) cogging is forged
After ingot casting removed shrinkage cavity, car epidermis, carry out cogging and forge, forge standard and be: 1150 ℃ ± 10 ℃ of heating-up temperatures, insulation 60min increases deflection gradually, is swaged into square rod.(4) flat-die forging
Square rod open die forging after cogging forged is a bar, and the flat-die forging standard is: 1130 ℃ ± 10 ℃, insulation 20~40min, temperature retention time with the bar cross section reduce and corresponding shortening.
(5) hot rolling
With the bar hot continuous rolling pencil rod behind the open die forging, the hot continuous rolling standard is: 900 ℃~950 ℃ of heating-up temperatures, insulation 1~2h.
(6) drawing welding wire
Pencil rod after the hot rolling is carried out drawing on wire-drawing equipment, in drawing process, pencil rod is carried out intermediate annealing handle, the annealing standard is: 620 ℃~650 ℃ of heating-up temperatures, insulation 1~2h.Until being φ 1.6 welding wires with its drawing,
(7) welding wire pickling
At first adopt HCl+HNO 3+ H 2SO 4Aqueous solution sizing is used 25%~30%HNO again 3Aqueous solution light is handled.
During welding, adopting automatic tungsten anode argon arc welding technology is that the 15-5PH steel of δ 15mm docks to thickness.Welding conditions are: groove is a double V groove, through backing welding and the full groove of each 3 roads weldering weldering of positive and negative, and electric current I=180~200A, speed of welding v=100~140mm/min, wire feed rate is 0.3~0.5m/min, argon flow amount is 10~12L/min; Backing welding welding current I=120~140A, speed of welding v=120~140mm/min, wire feed rate is 0.3~0.4m/min.
Postwelding is heat-treated, and standard is: 1040 ℃ * 40min, and AC; 480 ℃ * 1h, AC.
The room temperature tensile of joint and impact property test result are provided by table 2.5 welding wire welding 15-5PH steel strength of joint coefficients possess higher plasticity and impact toughness simultaneously all greater than 90%.Bigger test plate (panel) thickness (δ 15mm) and in anchor clamps welding caused bigger constraint (restraint) degree, but in backing welding and follow-up welding bead welding process all flawless take place, underbead crack is not found in the postwelding X-ray examination yet, illustrates that the crack resistance of welding wire is good.
Table 2 adopts the joint room temperature tensile and the impact property of 4 welding wire welding 15-5PH steel
Figure GSB00000494209400051

Claims (3)

1. the welding wire of a gas shielded welding of aging martensitic stainless steel is characterized in that, the percentage by weight of component of weld wire is: C 0.01-0.09, Si 0.2-0.6, Mn 0.2-1.0, P≤0.025, S≤0.025, Cr 14-17, Ni 4.2-5.8, Cu 3.0-4.0, Nb 0.1-0.5, Mo≤0.75, surplus is Fe; The preparation method of welding wire is:
(1) adopts vacuum induction furnace smelting welding wire steel, its process conditions: vacuum 0.1~10Pa, 1530~1590 ℃ of refining temperatures, refining time 5~15 minutes, pouring temperature, 1460~1550 ℃;
(2) adopt vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace remelting welding wire steel, its process conditions: vacuum 0.1~1.0Pa, voltage 20~35V, current density 150~200A/cm 2, speed of melting 5.0~10.0cm/min;
(3) ingot casting after the remelting is removed shrinkage cavity, car epidermis after, carry out cogging and forge, forge standard and be: 1150 ℃ ± 10 ℃ of heating-up temperatures, insulation 60min increases deflection gradually, is swaged into square rod;
(4) the square rod open die forging after cogging is forged is a bar, and the flat-die forging standard is: 1130 ℃ ± 10 ℃, and insulation 20~40min, temperature retention time reduces and shortens with the bar cross section;
(5) with the bar hot continuous rolling pencil rod behind the open die forging, the hot continuous rolling standard is: 900~950 ℃ of heating-up temperatures, insulation 1~2h;
(6) pencil rod after the hot rolling is carried out drawing on wire-drawing equipment, in drawing process, pencil rod is carried out intermediate annealing handle, the annealing standard is: 620~650 ℃ of heating-up temperatures, and insulation 1~2h is until being the welding wire of target size with its drawing;
(7) HCl+HNO is at first adopted in welding wire pickling 3+ H 2SO 4Aqueous solution sizing is used 25%~30%HNO again 3Aqueous solution light is handled.
2. the welding wire of gas shielded welding of aging martensitic stainless steel according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: the percentage by weight of component of weld wire is: C 0.05-0.09, Si 0.2-0.6, Mn0.2-0.8; P≤0.020; S≤0.020, Cr 15-15.8, Ni 5.0-5.8; Cu 3.0-4.0; Nb0.20-0.50, Mo≤0.50, surplus is Fe.
3. the welding wire of gas shielded welding of aging martensitic stainless steel according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: the percentage by weight of component of weld wire is: C 0.01-0.06, Si 0.2-0.6, Mn0.2-0.8; P≤0.025; S≤0.025, Cr 15.3-16.0, Ni 4.5-5.2; Cu 3.0-4.0; Nb0.15-0.30, Mo≤0.50, surplus is Fe.
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CN104342584A (en) * 2013-07-23 2015-02-11 丹阳市新航特种合金有限公司 Nickel-chromium-molybdenum-niobium corrosion resistant welded alloy and manufacturing method thereof
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CN109576587A (en) * 2018-12-31 2019-04-05 兴化市广福金属制品有限公司 A kind of high intensity antirust martensitic stain less steel
CN111074048A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-28 苏州雷格姆海洋石油设备科技有限公司 Manufacturing method of 17-4PH material high-temperature and high-pressure resistant forging
CN111136403B (en) * 2020-01-03 2021-09-24 北京工业大学 High-toughness 17-4PH precipitation hardening stainless steel metal core welding wire
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CN112496592B (en) * 2020-11-14 2023-04-07 北京工业大学 15-5PH martensite precipitation hardening stainless steel metal core welding wire
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CN114570941B (en) * 2022-02-15 2023-08-25 西安建筑科技大学 Process for preparing 17-4PH martensitic precipitation stainless steel by electron beam

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