CN101700790B - Compound all-loading coach body - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a coach body and provides a compound all-loading coach body which comprises a front wall assembly, two side wall assemblies, a rear wall assembly, a top cover assembly and a bottom frame assembly. In the structural composition of the technical scheme, main beams in all structural surface assemblies are fixedly assembled correspondingly to form complete-seal structural rings; all seal rings are connected and fixed by an integrally penetrating type longitudinal beam and an inclined support beam to form a frame structure capable of effectively transferring and decomposing a load of the whole coach so that each main component can bear external force, thereby achieving the technical aim of even integral stress of the coach body. The technical scheme also reduces the self weight of the whole coach at maximum and has the technical advantages of high framework loading strength and strong overloading capability of the whole coach.

Description

Composite full load passenger car body

technical field

The invention relates to a passenger car body, in particular to the structural composition of a passenger car carrying body.

Background technique

The main composition of the bus body includes a front wall assembly, a rear wall assembly, a side wall assembly, a top cover assembly and an underframe assembly.

At present, the bus frame and its body structure are mainly divided into the following three types according to the load-bearing type: non-load-bearing, semi-load-bearing and full-load-bearing. Non-load-bearing type, also known as frame type, its main feature is that the bus has a separate frame, the body is connected and installed on the frame through elastic elements, and the frame is the main load-bearing system that bears bending and torsional loads. Since the vehicle body of this structure does not consider bearing, it is necessary to ensure that the vehicle frame has sufficient strength and rigidity; in addition, because this structure has both the vehicle body frame and the vehicle frame, it is heavy and has a high floor. The main features of the semi-load-bearing body structure are support beams extending out from both sides of the frame with the same width as the body, and the columns on the body frame are rigidly connected to the support beams of the frame. This type of body frame and frame share bending and torsional loads, allowing the longitudinal beams of the frame to be appropriately weakened. However, the main load-bearing component is still the frame, and the vehicle has high strength and strong overload resistance. However, although the cross-sectional height of the longitudinal and transverse beams of this type of body structure is smaller than that of the previous one, and the underframe of the body is thinner, which can reduce the height of the floor, the weight reduction is limited to a certain extent, and there are still serious technical problems . Full load-bearing type, also known as frameless type. This structural form uses the body frame as the load-bearing system, and the beams of the underframe of the body need to be the main load-bearing elements. The part with greater force has stringers. The chassis components of this structure are rigidly connected with the body frame and even the skin to form a space system with a shell, which can minimize the dead weight of the passenger car. However, although almost all the skeleton parts and skins of this structure bear the load, there is still a technical problem of weak local structural structure bearing capacity, so it is more suitable for long-distance buses and tourist buses that are rarely overloaded. Such as the Chinese patent: Patent No. 200610086351.4, the patented technology named "a full load-bearing body", because the side frame is composed of side window columns, warehouse door columns, side window upper longitudinal beams, side window lower longitudinal beams and diagonal braces , forming the upper and lower three-section non-penetrating structure, the cross section of the body does not have an effective closed ring structure, and the support and transmission of the bearing capacity are mainly implemented through the side wall braces, resulting in relatively weak skeleton strength, especially the anti-rolling ability , Anti-overload ability is very weak.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the invention of the patent application of the present invention is to change the technical problem of weak local bearing capacity of the existing bus body structure, and to provide a composite full-load bus body that can reduce the self-weight of the whole vehicle to the greatest extent while ensuring high load-bearing strength of the skeleton. The technical scheme of the composite full-load passenger car body provided by the patent application of the present invention, its main technical content is: a composite full-load passenger car body, including a front wall assembly, two side wall assemblies, a rear wall assembly, and a top cover assembly and chassis assembly;

The front wall assembly mainly includes the front windshield upper beam assembly, the front windshield first lower beam assembly, the front windshield second lower beam assembly, the front windshield connecting beam located below the front windshield upper beam assembly, the left and right two The left and right front wall pillars of the above-mentioned beams are fixed sideways, and the left and right front wall pillars are integral through pillars, and the first and second lower beam components of the windshield are supported and connected by connecting pillars;

The rear wall assembly mainly includes the upper beam of the rear windshield, the upper connecting beam of the rear wall, the upper beam of the rear middle door, the lower connecting beam of the rear wall, the left and right rear middle door pillars on the left and right sides fixing the above beams, the left and right rear middle door pillars and their A number of connecting beams are connected between the left and right rear wall pillars on the side, and the upper part of the left and right rear center door pillars is provided with a front extension beam on the upper part of the rear wall protruding forward to the front of the vehicle body for fixed connection with the roof assembly. The door column and the left and right rear wall columns are through parts;

The side wall assembly is composed of a side wall frame and a steel plate covering the side wall frame; the side wall frame mainly includes a through-type side window column, a side window lower beam fixed horizontally between each side window column, and a side window lower beam The skirt beam is connected with the skirt beam at the bottom, the lateral fixed support is provided with a waist beam between the side window column and the skirt beam, and the side wall oblique support beam is provided between the side window lower beam and the waist beam for bearing The support and transmission of force constitute the rigid frame of the side wall as a whole;

The roof assembly is mainly composed of the roof frame and the steel plate covering the roof frame; the roof frame mainly includes the penetrating side windshield upper beam, the penetrating longitudinal beams on both sides, and the middle longitudinal beam connecting the upper curved beam. The fixed frame is composed of the horizontal and the straight longitudinal beams on both sides and the middle longitudinal beam. There are multiple through-bending upward beams. There are inclined support beams between the beams and on both sides of the side columns for the support and transmission of bearing capacity. The upper curved beam is connected and fixed, and the upper curved beam is supported and fixed by the side column corresponding to the side window column in the side wall assembly;

The underframe assembly mainly includes the front through beam, the cast steel beam at the front axle, the cast steel beam at the rear bridge, the rear through beam and the cast steel engine joist connected with the frame of the rear wall. The beam and the brace beam constitute the front chassis frame unit, the middle chassis frame unit and the rear chassis frame unit respectively, and the cast steel cross beam, chassis frame unit and steel plate wheel pack assembly constitute the rigid frame of the chassis assembly;

The front upper curved beam of the top cover assembly is connected and fixed to the upper ends of the left and right front wall pillars of the front wall assembly, and is connected with the front windshield upper beam assembly in the front wall assembly at the same time; the rear upper curved beam and the rear wall assembly The front extension beam is fixedly connected, and at the same time, it is fixedly connected to the upper end of the left and right rear wall pillars of the rear wall assembly; the front end of the upper beam of the side windshield is fixedly connected to the left and right The left and right rear pillars in the rear wall assembly are fixedly connected with each side window pillar in the side wall assembly; the front ends of the side window lower beams, waist beams and skirt beams of the side wall assembly are all fixedly connected On the left and right front pillars of the front wall assembly, the rear end is fixedly connected to the left and right rear wall pillars of the rear wall assembly; the lower part of the left and right front wall pillars in the front wall assembly and the chassis assembly The fixed combination connection of the front penetrating beam of the rear wall assembly, the fixed combination of the left and right rear wall columns in the rear wall assembly and the rear wall penetrating beam of the chassis assembly; the upper curved beam, side column and side wall in the roof assembly Side window pillars in the assembly, left and right front pillars in the front wall assembly, left and right rear wall pillars in the rear wall assembly, cast steel beams in the chassis assembly and the middle penetration in the chassis frame unit Corresponding to the cross beam, a fully enclosed cross-sectional structural ring is formed through the side straight-through longitudinal beam in the top cover assembly and the upper beam of the side windshield. Through the combination and fixation, the front wall assembly, the rear wall assembly, the side wall assembly, the top cover assembly and the underframe assembly in the bus body form an integral frame that can resist roll and overload.

In the above-mentioned overall technical scheme, the side window column in the side wall assembly is fixedly connected with the cast steel beam and the through beam in the underframe assembly through welding connectors, so as to avoid fixing the side window column with the cast steel beam or the through beam The horizontal welding seam of the column and the beam is provided with two welding connectors for welding the side window column and the cross beam respectively at the fixed angle position, and the welding surfaces of the two welding connectors are all made with curved welding edges.

In the above-mentioned overall technical solution, in order not to cause damage to the components themselves due to the welding of the components, a welding fixture is added between the longitudinal beam and the crossbeam of the chassis assembly. The welding body and the longitudinal beam, the welding body is welded and fixed with the through beam and the longitudinal beam through plug welding, so that the main bearing parts do not produce transverse welds.

In the technical scheme of the composite full-load passenger car body disclosed in the patent application of the present invention, in the overall structure of the body, the corresponding backbone beams in the structural surface assemblies are fixed and assembled with each other, forming a structure consisting of cast steel beams, underframe through beams, side Window columns, left and right front and rear wall columns, top cover side columns, and roof top curved beams constitute a cross-section fully closed structural ring. The frame structure can be effectively transmitted and disassembled, so that each main component can bear the external force, so as to achieve the technical purpose of uniform force on the whole body, and the high-load area of the underframe assembly adopts cast steel beams, and is closed by its construction It is a load-bearing member in the frame ring, thereby greatly improving the anti-overloading capacity of the bus body, and it is completely suitable for the standard requirements of domestic buses that are seriously overloaded. On the other hand, this technical solution also reduces the dead weight of the whole vehicle to the greatest extent, that is, the two sides of the front wall assembly share an integral column with the left and right wall assemblies respectively, and the two sides of the rear wall assembly share an integral column with the left and right The side wall assembly shares an integral column respectively, the front wall assembly and the rear wall assembly share an upper curved beam with the front and rear of the roof assembly respectively, and the side wall assembly and the roof assembly share an integral side windshield upper beam , thus achieving the technical purpose of ensuring high load-bearing strength of the frame and having the vehicle's overload capacity while reducing the self-weight of the vehicle to the greatest extent.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the body frame structure of the composite full load passenger car body

Figure 2 and Figure 3 are the front view and side view structure diagrams of the front wall frame respectively

Figure 4 and Figure 5 are the front view and side view structure diagram of the rear wall frame respectively

Figure 6 is a side frame structure diagram

Figure 7 and Figure 8 are the top view and side view structure diagram of the roof frame respectively

Figure 9 is a structural diagram of the chassis assembly

Figure 10 is a welding and fixing structure diagram between the side window column and the through beam

Fig. 11 is a structural diagram of the welding and fixing of the crossbeam and the longitudinal beam in the underframe assembly.

Detailed ways

The technical content of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the specific implementation structure of each accompanying drawing.

The composite full load passenger car body includes a front wall assembly, two side wall assemblies, a rear wall assembly, a top cover assembly and an underframe assembly.

As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, the composition of the front wall assembly includes the windshield upper beam assembly 1, the front windshield first lower beam assembly 4, and the front windscreen second lower beam assembly 6, which are located on the front windshield. Below the crossbeam assembly 1 is the windshield connecting beam 3. These crossbeam members are connected and supported by the left and right front wall pillars 2 on both sides to form a dash frame structure. The bearing capacity of the front windshield is fixedly connected and supported by the connecting column 5 between the first lower beam assembly 4 and the second lower beam assembly 6 .

As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, the rear wall assembly mainly includes the upper beam 11 of the rear windshield, the upper connecting beam 13 of the rear wall, the upper beam 15 of the rear middle door, and the lower connecting beam 18 of the rear wall. The left and right rear middle door pillars 16 on the right side are fixedly connected to form a partial rear wall frame, and the left and right rear middle door pillars 16 are fixedly connected to the left and right rear wall pillars 17 through a plurality of connecting beams 14, forming a rear wall rigidity together with the above-mentioned frame. Frame, the upper part of the left and right rear middle door pillars 16 protrudes forward to the front of the vehicle body and is used for the upper front extension beam 12 of the rear wall fixedly connected with the roof assembly; And left and right rear wall column 17 all are through-type integral components.

The side wall assembly is composed of the side wall frame and the steel plate covering the side wall frame; as shown in Figure 6, it is mainly the left wall frame structure, which mainly includes an integral through-type side window column 21, which is fixed to the side window column horizontally The side window lower beam 22 between them, the bottom skirt beam 26 at the lower part of the side window column 21, the skirt column 23 is fixedly arranged between the side window lower beam 22 and the bottom skirt beam 26, and is fixed on each side window column 21 and each skirt beam horizontally. Waist beams 24 are supported between the surrounding columns 23, and side wall oblique support beams 25 are arranged between the side window lower beams 22, waist beams 24, side window columns 21, and apron columns 23, thereby supporting the bottom frame. The load is transmitted upwards and distributed, and the overall rigid frame of the side wall is formed.

The roof assembly is mainly composed of a roof frame and a steel plate covered on the roof frame; as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8 is a structural diagram of the roof frame, which mainly includes the integrally penetrated side windshield upper beam 35, the integrally penetrated Both sides of the straight-through longitudinal beam 33 and the middle longitudinal beam 32 connected to the upper curved beam are fixedly connected to both sides of the straight-through longitudinal beam 33 and the middle longitudinal beam 32 to form a top cover frame body, and a plurality of integrally connected upper curved beams 36 are provided. The upper part corresponds to each upper curved beam 36, the lower part corresponds to each side window column 21, and the side column 37 is fixedly supported between the side windshield upper beam 35 and the side straight-through longitudinal beam 33, and is obliquely supported on the side straight-through longitudinal beam. The fixed connection point between the beam 33, the side window upper beam 35 and the side column 37 is provided with an oblique support beam 34, and the oblique support beam 34 transmits and disperses the lower load to the roof assembly; the side window upper beam 35. The front and rear ends of the straight longitudinal beams 33 on both sides and the middle longitudinal beam 32 are connected and fixed by the front upper curved beam 31 and the rear upper curved beam 38 respectively.

As shown in Figure 9 is the structural diagram of the underframe assembly, the underframe assembly mainly includes the front through beam 41, the cast steel beam 42 at the front bridge, the cast steel beam 47 at the rear bridge, the rear through beam 49 and the The upper joist 50 of the cast steel engine connected to the surrounding frame is composed of the middle through beam 44, the longitudinal beam 45 and the inclined support beam 46 to form the front chassis frame unit, the middle chassis frame unit and the rear chassis frame unit respectively. The unit connects and fixes the cast steel crossbeam and the wheel bag assembly 43, 48 to form the overall frame of the underframe assembly; in the figure, the display method of removing the wheel bag assembly 48 to display its lower structure is adopted.

As shown in Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the body frame structure. The front upper curved beam 31 of the top cover assembly is connected and fixed to the upper ends of the left and right front wall pillars 2 of the front wall assembly, and at the same time connects with the windshield upper beam assembly 1 in the front wall assembly; the rear upper curved beam 38 It is fixedly connected with the front extension beam 12 of the rear wall assembly, and is fixedly connected with the upper ends of the left and right rear wall pillars 17 of the rear wall assembly; the front end of the side windshield upper beam 35 is fixedly connected with the left and right front wall pillars 2, and welded together with each side window column 21 in the side wall assembly at the same time; in order to increase the fixed connection end surface, improve the connection strength between the side wall assembly and the top cover assembly without increasing the weight of the vehicle body, the side The upper end of the window column 21 directly adopts the flared trumpet-shaped beam end formed by stamping under the condition of not increasing other additional joint parts, and is fixedly supported and connected with the upper beam 35 of the side windshield. The front ends of the side window lower beam 22, the waist beam 24 and the skirt beam 26 of the side wall assembly are all fixedly connected to the left and right front wall pillars 2 of the front wall assembly, and the rear ends are fixedly connected to the left and right rear walls of the rear wall assembly. At the same time, the side window column 21 in the side wall assembly is connected with the cast steel beams 42, 47 and the through beam 44 in the underframe assembly through connectors, as shown in Figure 10, in order to avoid the side window The horizontal welds in the fixing of the column 21 and the cast steel beam 42, 47 or the through beam 44, the fixed angle of the column and the beam are provided with a welded connector 71 and a welded connector 72, and both welded connectors are made with curved welding edges 73, welded with side window column 21 and cast steel beam 42,47 or through beam 44 and fixed respectively. The lower part of the left and right front wall pillars 2 in the front wall assembly is fixedly combined with the front through beam 41 of the chassis assembly, and the middle and lower parts of the left and right rear wall pillars 17 in the rear wall assembly are connected with the bottom frame assembly. The rear part of the crossbeam 49 is fixedly combined. Upper curved beams 31, 36, 38 and side pillars 37 in the roof assembly, side window pillars 21 in the side wall assembly, left and right front wall pillars 2 in the front wall assembly and left in the rear wall assembly , the right rear wall column 17, the cast steel beams 42, 47 in the underframe assembly and the through beam 44 in the chassis frame unit correspond to each other, and pass through the side straight longitudinal beam 33 in the roof assembly and the upper beam 35 of the side windshield And the welded connectors 71, 72 at the bottom constitute a fully closed cross-sectional structural ring. In order not to cause damage to the parts themselves due to the welding of the parts, a welding fixture 74 is added between the longitudinal beam and the crossbeam of the chassis assembly. The welding body is welded and fixed with the through beam 44 and the longitudinal beam 45 through the plug welding 75, so that the main load-bearing parts do not produce transverse welds. Through the combination and fixation, the front wall assembly, the rear wall assembly, the side wall assembly, the top cover assembly and the underframe assembly in the bus body form an integral frame that can resist roll and overload.

Claims (4)

1. a compound all-loading coach body encloses assembly, two gusset assemblies, back wall assembly, top cover assembly and chassis assembly before including; It is characterized in that:

Before enclose the Front Windshield tie-beam (3) that encloses Front Windshield entablatrance assembly (1), the Front Windshield first cross sill assembly (4), the Front Windshield second cross sill assembly (6) before assembly mainly comprises, is positioned at Front Windshield entablatrance assembly below, the left and right sides front wall pillar (2) of fixing above-mentioned each beam in the left and right sides; Left and right sides front wall pillar (2) is that integral type connects column, between first and second cross sill assembly of Front Windshield by connecting column (5) support and connection;

The back wall assembly mainly comprise door entablatrance (15) in back air regulator entablatrance (11), back wall top tie-beam (13), the back, back wall bottom tie-beam (18), fixing above-mentioned each beam in the left and right sides about side wall outer panel (16) in the back; About be connected between the left and right sides back wall pillar (17) of side wall outer panel (16) and its side in the back some tie-beams (14) be set; About in the back side wall outer panel top be provided with and before vehicle body, stretch out beam (12) before the back wall top that is used for captiveing joint with top cover assembly, described about in the back side wall outer panel and left and right sides back wall pillar for connecting parts;

Side wall assembly is made up of side wall frame and the steel plate that is overlying on side wall frame; Its side wall frame mainly includes through side window pillar (21); The side window underbeam (22) of crosswise fixed between each side window pillar; Be connected with skirt between side window underbeam and the bottom skirt beam (26) and enclose column (23); Crosswise fixed is supported on side window pillar and skirt and encloses and be provided with waist rail (24) between the column, is provided with support and transmission that gusset diagonal ligament beam (25) is used for bearing capacity between side window underbeam and the waist rail, wholely constitutes the gusset rigid frame;

Top cover assembly mainly is made up of roof skeleton and the steel plate that is overlying on roof skeleton; Wherein roof skeleton comprises that mainly the crosswind window of perforation is put the beams in place (35), the both sides of perforation lead directly to longeron (33), the intermediate longitudinal girder (32) of connection camber beam; Straight-through longeron in horizontal and both sides and intermediate longitudinal girder constitute fixed frame and are provided with the camber beam (36) that multiple tracks connects; Be provided with heel post (37) between the straight-through longeron of crosswind window upper beam and side; The crosswind window is put the beams in place and side leads directly between the longeron, the heel post both sides are provided with support and the transmission that diagonal ligament beam (34) is used for bearing capacity; The front and back ends that the crosswind window is put the beams in place, both sides lead directly to longeron, intermediate longitudinal girder is connected fixing respectively by preceding camber beam (31), back camber beam (38), camber beam is through heel post and the corresponding support fixation of the side window pillar in the side wall assembly;

Chassis assembly mainly comprise anterior connect that crossbeam (41), propons place cast-steel separator (42), back axle place cast-steel separator (47), rear portion connect crossbeam (49) and the cast steel driving engine that joins with rear wall frame on joist (50); Connect crossbeam (44), longeron (45) and raker beam (46) by the centre and constituted anterior carrier frame unit, carrier frame unit, middle part and rear chassis frame unit respectively, then constituted the rigid frame of chassis assembly by cast-steel separator, carrier frame unit and steel plate wheel pack assembly (43,48);

Enclose Front Windshield entablatrance assembly (1), the Front Windshield first cross sill assembly (4), the Front Windshield second cross sill assembly (6) before the left and right sides front wall pillar upper end of enclosing assembly before the preceding camber beam of top cover assembly is fastened on will comprise, be positioned at Front Windshield entablatrance assembly below Front Windshield tie-beam (3), fixing above-mentioned each beam in the left and right sides about before, join with the Front Windshield entablatrance assembly that preceding encloses in the assembly simultaneously; Back camber beam is captiveed joint with the preceding beam of back wall assembly, is fixedly connected on the left and right back wall pillar upper end of back wall assembly simultaneously; Enclose on the left and right front wall pillar in the assembly before crosswind window upper beam front end is fixedly connected on, the rear end is fixedly connected on the left and right back wall pillar in the back wall assembly, and captives joint with the per pass side window pillar in the side wall assembly; Enclose before the front end of the side window underbeam of side wall assembly, waist rail and skirt beam all is fixedly connected on the left and right front wall pillar of assembly, the rear end then is fixedly connected on the left and right back wall pillar of back wall assembly; Before enclose the left and right front wall pillar in the assembly the bottom connect the crossbeam fixed combination with the front portion of chassis assembly and be connected the rear portion perforation crossbeam fixed combination left and right back wall pillar in the back wall assembly and chassis assembly; It is corresponding to connect crossbeam in the middle of in side window pillar in camber beam in the top cover assembly, heel post and the side wall assembly, preceding left and right front wall pillar and the left and right back wall pillar in the back wall assembly, the cast-steel separator in the chassis assembly and the carrier frame unit that encloses in the assembly, and putting the beams in place through the straight-through longeron of the side in the top cover assembly, crosswind window constitutes a fully enclosed cross-sectional structure ring.

2. compound all-loading coach body according to claim 1; It is characterized in that the side window pillar in the side wall assembly captives joint through being welded to connect the cast-steel separator in part and the chassis assembly and connecting crossbeam, respectively the weld side window pillar, connect two of crossbeam and be welded to connect on the face of weld of part (71,72) and all be shaped on shaped form welded edge (73).

3. compound all-loading coach body according to claim 1; It is characterized in that setting up welding fixture (74) between longeron and the crossbeam of chassis assembly; The vertical, horizontal of this welding fixture is provided with and is welded to connect the weldering body that connects crossbeam and longeron respectively, and the weldering body is fixing with perforation crossbeam and longeron welding through plug welding (75).

4. compound all-loading coach body according to claim 1; It is characterized in that side window pillar (21) upper end is not increasing the horn-like beam-ends of enlarging that directly adopts drawing under other plus couplings component condition, is connected with crosswind window upper beam (35) fixed pedestal.

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