Automatic reversing and indirectly-dragged wire-rope oil pumping machine
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of oil pumper, is a kind of automatic reversing and indirectly-dragged wire-rope oil pumping machine specifically.
Prior art
Original outer-rotor permanent magnet motor traction type oil extractor is big stroke, low jig frequency, energy-efficient low-coumption oil pumper.But because the transverse load that acts directly on the outer-rotor permanent magnet motor output shaft is excessive, supporting capacity all can not meet the demands; The manufacturing cost of relatively large oil pumper of this class and outer-rotor permanent magnet motor is very high.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, invented automatic reversing and indirectly-dragged wire-rope oil pumping machine, formed by upper mounting plate, equalizer pulley, cat ladder, balance weight, upper bracket column, drawing belt combination, elevator, lower carriage column, magneto, manual brake, rail clamping device, track, concrete foundation etc.These parts are compound again to have constituted the counterweight balance system that is made up of equalizer pulley group, adjustable balance weight, sucker rod elevator; The automatic reverse system that forms by carrying means, balance weight and upper bracket column, lower carriage column; Make up and brake power traction and the hand brake system that shaft coupling, braking steel cable, brake handle etc. are formed by manual brake, magneto, big minor sprocket deceleration; By rail clamping device, track, concrete foundation with and the displacement Adjustment System formed of hydraulic jack, adjuster.
The major diameter equalizer pulley group that the counterweight balance system is made of major diameter equalizer pulley, pulley spindle, pulley base group; Carry leading-in device combination, connecting bolt, carry and draw the sucker rod elevator that beam, adjustable steel cable dop, maintenance constitute with hanger etc.; But the adjustable balance weight that guide chute balancing steel cable dop, balance weight body, gathering sill etc. constitute is formed.The counterweight balance system directly couples together by sucker rod elevator and the balance weight that the major diameter balance wire rope pulley block that can bear big load will lift polished rod load, and system pumps along with automatic reverse.The major diameter equalizer pulley group that employing is fixed on the upper mounting plate had been eliminated in the past because the motor output shaft transverse load that motor direct-drive causes is big; Or because the steel rope or belt that connects between polished rod load and the counterweight is long, because of the drawback of fatigue premature failure; Or because pulley curvature is excessive, steel cable causes fracture of wire destruction etc. because of reasons such as wearing and tearing under local function.
Major diameter equalizer pulley group has two groups, is connected with the two ends of sucker rod elevator and adjustable balance weight respectively by four steel cables, and adopting this structure is can just can finish maintenance activity without crane when changing steel cable in the ordinary course of things.Two end joints of steel cable all adopt babbit cast and adjustable structure, to keep the every stressed equalization of steel cable, increase the service life.
The automatic reverse system by adjustable balance weight with by combined guided joint, go up directive wheel, go up the axis of guide, the drawing belt combination that constitutes such as directive wheel, driven sprocket, band strainer, bearing and bracket upright post etc. are formed down.The automatic reverse system is used to provide indirect traction power, and because the access of drawing belt combination, the nonreversible do action up and down that can finish oil pumper of motor, remove from because of the motor counter-rotating starts the variation that the moment that causes is excessive and open braking acceleration, not only guaranteed electrical machinery life but also reduced energy consumption.The automatic reverse system when operation traction be that the load of counterweight balance system is poor, therefore greatly reduce the load of drawing belt combination and motor shaft.
Power traction and hand brake system by low-speed big magneto, braking shaft coupling, brake support frame open in usual, brake drum, drive sprocket, open spring, brake bar, bearing and hand braking lock etc. and form.
The low-speed big magneto has been adopted in the power traction, because low-speed big magneto staring torque can reach 2.5~3.8 times of rated moment, can save the reducer, eccentrically mounted weight of beam pumping unit etc.; Power is reduced to the needs that satisfy the normal operation oil pumper, only be common electric machine half or lower.Hand brake is removed the energy consumption of normally closed type electromagnetic brake in the past, reaches further energy-conservation effect.
The displacement Adjustment System is by vertically moving oil pumper basis and the moving adjusting mechanism that rail, cross binding rail, displacement constitute with rail, stone bolt, oil pumper lateral adjustments device, tracks positioned bolt, outfall, reinforced concrete foundation etc.; Open and close the adjustable rail clamping device that guide finger, the chuck upper-lower position adjusting axis of guide, chuck etc. constitute by adjusting screw(rod), adjusting nut, overcoat, guide strip, chuck; Climbing the oil pumper bracket upright post that upper flange, balance weight snubber, bracket upright post vertical adjusting device, base etc. constitute in lower flange, lower carriage pillar construction, the bracket upright post in ladder, upper mounting plate adpting flange, lower carriage column climbing ladder, the bracket upright post by upper bracket pillar construction, upper bracket column forms.The displacement Adjustment System mainly is to install to adjust oil pumper to guarantee that it is at the normal position steady operation; When well workover, get out of the way well head in addition so that the normal operation of well workover equipment.Strengthen the stability of oil pumper when adjustable rail clamping device is used for the oil pumper normal operation, play the effect of oil pumper location during well workover.
The oil pumper bracket upright post can adopt structures such as cylinder column, pipe truss upright-column, square tube truss upright-column and truss of angle steel column.The column upper flanges is connected with high-strength bolt with the upper mounting plate flange; One side is established the cat ladder that has guardrail; In, downside is provided with the well workover spreader beam; The bottom is provided with and the stone bolt flange connecting.Column also can be divided into two-section according to field requirement, so that transportation.
The characteristics of automatic reversing and indirectly-dragged wire-rope oil pumping machine are:
1, adopts indirectly-dragged mode to reduce the axle load of motor at double, improved electrical machinery life;
2, adopt than the big traction sheave more than 40 times of cable diameter, reduce steel cable curvature, improved the steel cable life-span;
3, adopt automatic reversing mechanism, motor is nonreversible, and no acceleration and deceleration process greatly reduces power consumption, improves electrical machinery life;
4, adopt the indirectly-dragged mechanism of belt,, prevent rigid impact phenomenon guaranteeing that drawing belt can slightly skid when running into the overload situation under the preceding topic that driving force is given full play to;
5, when the polished rod load difference is excessive, can change transmission and recently improve driving moment by changing the drive chain wheel set;
6, adopted the low-speed big magneto, the staring torque coefficient can reach 2.5~3.8, can directly drive, and saves reducer, eccentrically mounted weight etc., and power curve is reasonable;
7, adopt hand brake to remove the energy consumption of normally closed type electromagnetic brake in the past, reach further reduction power consumption.
8, adopt the hydraulic jack shift mechanism, can easyly satisfy the needs of well workover telephone-moving;
9, adopting adjustable rail clamping device, is the oil pumper location when the displacement well workover, can improve the stability of complete machine at ordinary times.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the automatic reversing and indirectly-dragged wire-rope oil pumping machine structural representation of invention.
Fig. 2 is the major diameter pulley block structure schematic diagram of invention.
Fig. 3 is the sucker rod elevator schematic diagram of invention.
Fig. 4 is the adjustable balance weight structural representation of invention.
Fig. 5 is the carrying means structural representation of invention.
Fig. 6 is the power traction and the hand brake system schematic of invention.
Fig. 7 is the oil pumper basis and moving adjusting mechanism schematic diagram of invention.
Fig. 8 is the adjustable rail clamping device schematic diagram of invention.
Fig. 9 is the oil pumper bracket upright post schematic diagram of invention.
Among the figure: symbol 1 is represented upper mounting plate, symbol 2 is represented the equalizer pulley group, symbol 3 is represented cat ladder, the adjustable balance weight of symbol 4 representatives, symbol 5 is represented the upper bracket column, symbol 6 is represented carrying means, symbol 7 is represented the sucker rod elevator, symbol 8 is represented the lower carriage column, symbol 9 is represented outer rotor low-speed big magneto, symbol 10 is represented manual brake, symbol 11 is represented rail clamping device, symbol 12 is represented track, symbol 13 is represented concrete foundation, symbol 14 is represented duplex major diameter pulley, symbol 15 is represented pulley spindle, symbol 16 is represented pulley base, the leading-in device combination is proposed in symbol 17 representatives, symbol 18 is represented connecting bolt, symbol 19 representatives are carried and are drawn beam, the adjustable steel cable dop of symbol 20 representatives, symbol 21 representative maintenance hangers, symbol 22 is represented guide chute, but symbol 23 representative balancing steel cable dops, symbol 24 is represented balance weight body, symbol 25 is represented gathering sill, the combined guided joint of symbol 26 representatives, directive wheel is gone up in symbol 27 representatives, the axis of guide is gone up in symbol 28 representatives, symbol 29 is represented driving-belt, symbol 30 representatives are directive wheel down, symbol 31 is represented driven sprocket, symbol 32 representative band strainers, symbol 33 is represented bearing, symbol 34 representative braking shaft couplings, symbol 35 representatives brake support frame open in usual, symbol 36 is represented brake drum, symbol 37 is represented drive sprocket, spring is opened in symbol 38 representatives, symbol 39 is represented brake bar, symbol 40 is represented bearing, symbol 41 representatives vertically move rail, symbol 42 is represented the cross binding rail, symbol 43 representative displacement rail, symbol 44 is represented stone bolt, symbol 45 is represented oil pumper lateral adjustments device, symbol 46 is represented the tracks positioned bolt, symbol 47 is represented outfall, symbol 48 is represented adjusting screw(rod), symbol 49 is represented adjusting nut, symbol 50 is represented overcoat, symbol 51 is represented guide strip, on behalf of chuck, symbol 52 open and close guide finger, on behalf of the chuck upper-lower position, symbol 53 regulate the axis of guide, symbol 54 is represented chuck, on behalf of the upper bracket column, symbol 55 climb ladder, symbol 56 is represented the upper mounting plate adpting flange, on behalf of the lower carriage column, symbol 57 climb ladder, symbol 58 is represented lower flange in the bracket upright post, symbol 59 is represented upper flange in the bracket upright post, symbol 60 is represented the balance weight snubber, symbol 61 is represented bracket upright post vertical adjusting device, symbol 62 representatives, symbol 63 is represented base.
The specific embodiment
As shown in the figure, a kind of automatic reversing and indirectly-dragged wire-rope oil pumping machine is characterized in that described oil pumper is by the counterweight balance system that load balance is provided for sucker rod;
For oil pumper provides indirect power, the motor of dynamical system is converted to the automatic reverse system that moves up and down of sucker rod;
The power traction and the hand brake system of safe power are provided for complete machine;
Install and adjust oil pumper to guarantee its displacement Adjustment System composition at the normal position steady operation.
The counterweight balance system is by major diameter equalizer pulley group; The sucker rod elevator; Adjustable balance weight is formed; The counterweight balance system directly couples together by sucker rod elevator and the balance weight that the major diameter balance wire rope pulley block that can bear big load will lift polished rod load.
Major diameter equalizer pulley group has two groups, is connected with the two ends of sucker rod elevator and adjustable balance weight respectively by four steel cables.
The automatic reverse system comprises taut band traction wheel, upper block, upper block axle, traction belt, lower tumbler, driven sprocket, strainer, support, and wherein upper block is the light tube on a band edge, is connected with upper mounting plate by the top link with axle with bearing; Evenly open slotted hole on the surperficial circumference of tube of lower tumbler, two sides have fan groove facing to the slotted hole of circumferential surface, axle one end of lower tumbler is overhanging, and be fixed with driven sprocket, the taut band traction wheel is made up of guide wheel, end junction plate, movable guide shaft, clamping eccentric shaft, baffle plate, outer casing, traction belt, bearing has been installed in the guide wheel, and movable guide shaft can be along the skewed slot slippage; Clamping eccentric shaft can only rotate around fixed axis.
Composition such as power traction and hand brake system comprise low-speed big magneto, braking shaft coupling or drum, brake support frame open in usual, brake disc, brake lever, open spring, brake bar, the hand braking lock of bearing, directive wheel, braking steel cable, braking rim brake is characterized in that braking shaft joint or bulging being fixed on the power output shaft of magneto, braking shaft joint or drum outer cover brake support frame open in usual, brake disc and brake lever are installed in the support, brake lever is connected with brake bar, brake bar be connected hand braking lock.
The displacement Adjustment System is by vertically moving oil pumper basis and the moving adjusting mechanism that rail, cross binding rail, displacement constitute with rail, stone bolt, oil pumper lateral adjustments device, tracks positioned bolt, outfall, reinforced concrete foundation etc.; Open and close the adjustable rail clamping device that guide finger, the chuck upper-lower position adjusting axis of guide, chuck etc. constitute by adjusting screw(rod), adjusting nut, overcoat, guide strip, chuck; Climbing the oil pumper bracket upright post that upper flange, balance weight snubber, bracket upright post vertical adjusting device, base etc. constitute in lower flange, lower carriage pillar construction, the bracket upright post in ladder, upper mounting plate adpting flange, lower carriage column climbing ladder, the bracket upright post by upper bracket pillar construction, upper bracket column forms.
The oil pumper bracket upright post can adopt structures such as cylinder column, pipe truss upright-column, square tube truss upright-column and truss of angle steel column.The column upper flanges is connected with high-strength bolt with the upper mounting plate flange; One side is established the cat ladder that has guardrail; In, downside is provided with the well workover spreader beam; The bottom is provided with and the stone bolt flange connecting.Column also can be divided into two-section according to field requirement, so that transportation.